中考英语——四大基本时态

中考英语

四大基本时态

1

2

He plays basketball every day .

他每天都打篮球。He is playing basketball on the playground now .她现在正在操场上打篮球。He played basketball last week .

他上周打了篮球。

He will play basketball with his classmates tomorrow .明天他会和同学一起打篮球。时态时态是表示动作和状态在不同时间下的动词形式。一般现在时

现在进行时

一般过去时

一般将来时

一般现在时

基本构成be动词型：句子的谓语动词只有be动词(am, is或are)。

肯定句：主语+be (am, is, are)+其它

They are from America.

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它

They are not from America.

一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它

Are they from America?

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句

Where are they from?

实义动词型：句中的谓语动词为实义动词。

肯定句：主语+行为动词+其它

He goes to school by bike.

否定句：主语+ don't ( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)

He doesn't go to school by bike.

一般疑问句：Do ( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它

Does he go to school by bike?

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句

How does he go to school?

3

1. 一般情况，加-s。

put-puts, give-gives

2. 以s, sh, ch, x等结尾的词，加-es。

wash-washes, catch-catches

3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i再加-es。

study-studies, fly-flies

4. 以字母o结尾的词，加-es。

go-goes, do-does

动词第三人称单数变化规则

4

基本用法表示习惯性，永久性或反复发生的动作，常与频率副词often, usually, always等连用。

She always takes a walk in the evening.

表示特征，能力或现时的情况或状态。

She loves music. The boy can swim.

表示普遍真理，客观存在或科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun.

在由when, if, as soon as等引导的时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

If it doesn't rain tomorrow, I will go to the park. As soon as he comes back, I will tell you.

主将从现

5

现在进行时

基本构成am/is/are+动词的现在分词+其它成分。

否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+动词的现在分词+其它成分They are not sleeping in the bedroom.

一般疑问句：am/is/are+主语+动词的现在分词+其它成分Are they swimming in the bedroom?

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+动词的现在分词+其它成分

Where are they swimming?

6

1. 一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-ing。

play→playing look→looking bring→bringing

2. 以辅音字母加e结尾的动词，需要去掉e，再加ing。

take→taking have→having hate→hating

3. 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写

这个辅音字母，再加-ing。

put→putting stop→stopping begin→beginning

4. 以ie结尾的词，改ie为y，再加-ing。

lie→lying die→dying

动词现在分词变化规则

7

基本用法表示现在正在进行的动作，常与n o w,a t t h e moment, look, listen等连用。

It is raining heavily outside now.

Listen, the girl is singing in the next room.

用现在进行时表示将来,常用这种结构的动词有go, come, leave, stay等位移性动词，表示即将发生或安排好要做的事情。

We are leaving for Shanghai.

The bus is coming soon.

8

一般过去时

基本构成be动词型：句子的谓语动词只有be动词(was或were)。

肯定句：主语+be (was, were)+其它

He was in the room.

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它

He was not in the room.

一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它

Was he in the room?

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句

Where was he?

实义动词型：句中的谓语动词为实义动词。

肯定句：主语+行为动词+其它

He left Beijing yesterday.

否定句：主语+ didn't +动词原形(+其它)

He didn't leave Beijing yesterday.

一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它

Did he leave Beijing yesterday?

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句

When did he leave Beijing?

9