离合器外文翻译

Transmission System

A Basic Parts of the transmission system

The transmission system applies to the components needed to transfer the drive from the engine to the road wheels. The main components and their purposes are

(1) Clutch --- to disengage the drive

--- to provide a smooth take-up of the drive

(2) Gearbox --- to increase the torque applied to the driving road

wheels

--- to enable the engine to operate within a given range of

speed irrespective of the vehicle speed --- to give reverse motion of the vehicle

--- to provide a neutral position so that the engine can run

without moving the vehicle

(3) Final drive --- to turn the drive through 90°

--- to reduce the speed of the drive by a set amount to match

the engine to the vehicle

(4) Differential --- to allow the inner driving road wheel to rotate slower

than the outer wheel when the vehicle is cornering,

whilst it ensures that a drive is applied equally to both

wheels.

B Clutch and Clutch Service

In order to transmit the power of the engine to the road wheels of a car, a friction clutch and a change-speed gearbox are normally employed. The former is necessary in order to enable the drive to be taken up gradually and smoothly, while the latter provides different ratios of speed reduction from the engine to the wheels, to suit the particular conditions of running,

A clutch performs two tasks:

(1) it disengages the engine from the gearbox to allow for gear changing.

(2) it is a means for gradually engaging the engine to the driving wheels, when a vehicle is to be moved from rest the clutch must engage a stationary gearbox shaft with the engine; this must be rotating at a high speed to provide sufficient power or else the load will be too great and the engine will start (come to test).

C Clutch Action

To start the engine, the driver must depress the clutch pedal. This disengages the gearbox from the engine. To move the car, the driver must reengage the gearbox to the engine. However, the engagement of the parts must be gradual. An engine at idle develops little power. If the two parts were connected too quickly, the engine would stall. The load must be applied gradually to operate the car smoothly.

A driver depresses the clutch pedal to shift the gears inside the

gearbox. After the driver releases the clutch pedal, the clutch must act as solid coupling device. It must transmit all engine power to the gearbox, without slipping.

The clutch mechanism include three basic parts: driving member, driven member, operating members.

●The driving member

The driving member consists of two parts: the flywheel and the pressure plate. The flywheel is bolted directly to the engine crankshaft and rotates when the crankshaft turns. The pressure plate is bolted to the flywheel. The result is that both flywheel and pressure plate rotate together.

●The driven member

The driven member, or clutch disc, is located between the flywheel and pressure plate. The disc has a splined hub that locks to the splined input shaft on the gearbox .Any rotation of the clutch disc turns the input shaft .Likewise, any motion of the input shaft moves the clutch disc. The splines allow the clutch disc to move forward and backward on the shaft as it engages and disengages.

The inner part of the clutch disc, called the hub flange, has a number of small coil springs. These springs are called torsional springs. They let the middle part of the clutch disc turn slightly on the hub. Thus,