高考英语二轮专题复习 语法十一、定语从句

高考英语二轮专题复习语法十一、定语从句诊断与对策Ⅰ.选择方框内的词填空when，that，which，why，where，who1.For those ____ study the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world，self­awareness is an important measurement.2.The other was a very old and dilapidated one，______ had seen many years of service，but was now past its best.3.The police have moved into areas _______ trouble is expected.4.There isn’t a moment _____ I’m not thinking of you.5.I hate the way ____ you never look at me when you speak to me.6.There must be a reason ___ no one has replied to our message.Ⅱ.单项填空1.The population of the village near sea，_______，are making their efforts to develop economy of their own.A.nearly seventy percent of which depend on fishingB.of which nearly seventy percent depends on fishingC.nearly seventy percent of whom depends on fishingD.of whom nearly seventy percent depend on fishing解析句意为：海边附近的村民，他们中近70%靠捕鱼为生，正在努力发展自己的经济。

population是定语从句的先行词，指“全体居民”。

2.—Where did you meet the famous actress?—It was in the supermarket ________we went shopping last Sunday.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.there解析where引导定语从句，修饰supermarket，where在从句中作地点状语，实际上答语为省略句，补全为：It was in the supermarket where we went shopping last Sunday thatI met the famous actress.。

3.________ is known，John studies in ________ is considered the best school in the city.A.Which；whichB.What；whatC.It；whichD.As；what解析句意为：众所周知，约翰在被认为是本市最好的学校上学。

第一空为as引导的非限制性定语从句，as代表整个主句的意思；第二空为宾语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故填what。

因此D项正确。

4.She may have been caught in the heavy traffic，______ she won’t arrive here by five o’clock.A.in caseB.in case ofC.in that caseD.in which case解析句意为：她可能陷入交通堵塞了，那样的话，她就不能5点到达了。

本题考查定语从句，故D项正确。

如果变为并列句，则C项正确。

5.Thousands of Haitians cheered as the Chinese medical team arrived，many of ________ even cried with joy.A.thoseB.themC.whomD.who解析本句既没有并列连词也没有从属连词，故可判断逗号后为非限制性定语从句，故排除A、B两项；本句先行词为thousands of Haitians，代入定语从句后为：...many of the thousands of Haitians even cried with joy.，由此可知，该先行词在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，且指人，故用whom引导，答案为C项。

备考策略1.注意知识积累，掌握基本句型。

高考备考时，应加强对从句语法特征和语意特征的思考和学习，形成纯正的英语思维能力。

注意相似句型的积累，比较其结构和意义。

在平时的阅读过程中，遇到从句的时候，要停下来，考虑分析其功能和意义。

2.分析句子成分，判断从句功能。

遇到考查句法的题目时，要通读全句，首先考虑是不是某种句型，如强调句型；题干句若是疑问句，首先把它恢复为正常语序；观察设空的前前后后，确定相关从句的性质，确定从句性质后，参考相关从句的用法特点，从而做出取舍；注意标点符号和并列连词的作用。

3.掌握从句要点，选择合适的连接词。

定语从句中的关系词要作成分，关系代词that，which，as通常作主语或宾语；whose作定语；关系副词where，when，why通常作状语。

做题时，首先要分析从句成分，选择合适的连接词。

考点与考题考点一“介词＋which/whom”中介词的确定1.与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。

The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University. ＝The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.但像look for，look after等短语是不可拆开的，故不能将for，after等提前和关系代词连用一起引导定语从句。

2.与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。

He built a telescope，through which he could study the skies.3.“of which/whom”表示所属关系。

Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which (＝whose price/of which the price) was very reasonable.4.“复杂介词＋which/whom”引导定语从句。

They arrived at a farmhouse，in_front_of which sat an old man.5.通过句子的意思来判断。

She was educated at Beijing University，after which she went on to have her advanced study abroad.6.关系副词可以改为“介词＋which”，其中介词要根据和先行词之间的关系来确定。

He will always remember the day on which (＝on the day) his father returned fromAmerica.如句中是the year，则用in which (in the year)来引导定语从句。

考题印证1.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each of ________uses itsomewhat differently.(2011·浙江，8)A.whichB.whatC.themD.those解析考查“不定代词＋of＋which”引导的定语从句。

which指代的是cultures。

2.She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction ________had taken morethan threeyears. (2011·江西，34) A.for which B.with whichC.of whichD.to which解析考查“名词＋of＋which”引导的定语从句。

which指代的是the museum。

3.There are 51 students in Class Three，________ failed in the test.A.all of whichB.all of themC.none of whomD.none of them解析后半句是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students，应用whom引导；因为前后两句之间没有并列连词，所以B、D两项不对。

4.We found some precious jars and vases in an ancient tomb，________ you know，arevaluable.A.even the pieces of whichB.which even piecesC.even the pieces of themD.whose even the pieces解析句意为：我们在一座古墓中发现了一些珍贵的罐子和花瓶，你知道，甚至连碎片也很有价值。

先行词为jars and vases，从句表述的是“甚至它们的碎片也是很有价值的”，答案只能选A项。

C项应加连词and；D项应改为“even whose pieces”。

5.People living on this island depend on tourism，________ development there won’tbe much work.A.without itsB.without whoseC.by whichD.without which解析tourism是先行词，定语从句中development缺少定语，所以用whose引导。

由题意知，介词要用without，表示条件。

考点二as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别1.as引导的非限制性定语从句既可在主句前，也可在主句后，有时还可在主句中；which引导的从句只能放在主句后。

2.as和which在从句中作宾语时可互换，作系动词或be动词的主语时也可互换，但作实义动词的主语时一般只用which。

3.当主、从句在意义上前后自然连贯时，既可用as，也可用which；如果语义不一致或者从句具有转折含义时，则只能用which。