改革英语翻译
英语翻译词汇系列-改革开放类
改革开放类翻译词汇汇总手册版可对折 制成简易指南 随身携带保险业The insurance industry保证重点支出Ensure funding for priority areas被兼并或挤掉annexed or forced out of business补发拖欠的养老金Clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款Non—performing loan层层转包和违法分保Multi-level contracting and illegal subcontracting产值output value城乡信用社Credit Cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障A minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保险制度The system of medical insurance for urban workers抽样调查data from the sample survey出口信贷Export credit初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。
to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.贷款质量Loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法The five-category assets classification for bank loans第二产业secondary industry第三产业tertiary industry第一产业primary industry独资企业wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise发电量electric energy production发挥市场的调节作用to give play to the regulatory role of the market 发展过快excessive growth防范和化解金融风险Take precautions against and reduce financial risks 防洪工程Flood-prevention project非法外汇交易Illegal foreign exchange transaction非公有成分non-public sectors非贸易收汇Foreign exchange earnings through non trade channels非银行金融机构Non-bank financial institutions费改税Transform administrative fees into taxes分配形式forms of distribution风险资金risk funds副业sideline production改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。
中国历史朝代的英语翻译说法(3页)
中国历史朝代的英语翻译说法一、夏朝（Xia Dynasty）夏朝是中国历史上第一个朝代，大约存在于公元前2070年至公元前1600年。
在英语中，夏朝通常被翻译为“Xia Dynasty”。
二、商朝（Shang Dynasty）商朝继夏朝之后，存在于公元前1600年至公元前1046年。
商朝的英语翻译为“Shang Dynasty”。
三、西周（Western Zhou Dynasty）西周时期从公元前1046年开始，持续到公元前771年。
在英语中，西周被称为“Western Zhou Dynasty”。
四、东周（Eastern Zhou Dynasty）东周分为春秋和战国两个时期，存在于公元前770年至公元前221年。
其英语翻译为“Eastern Zhou Dynasty”。
五、秦朝（Qin Dynasty）秦朝是中国历史上第一个统一的中央集权国家，存在于公元前221年至公元前206年。
在英语中，秦朝被称为“Qin Dynasty”。
六、汉朝（Han Dynasty）汉朝分为西汉和东汉两个时期，存在于公元前206年至公元220年。
其英语翻译为“Han Dynasty”。
七、三国时期（Three Kingdoms）三国时期是指魏、蜀、吴三国鼎立的时期，存在于公元220年至公元280年。
在英语中，这一时期被称为“Three Kingdoms”。
八、晋朝（Jin Dynasty）晋朝分为西晋和东晋两个时期，存在于公元265年至公元420年。
其英语翻译为“Jin Dynasty”。
九、南北朝（Southern and Northern Dynasties）南北朝时期，中国分裂为南北两部分，存在于公元420年至公元589年。
在英语中，这一时期被称为“Southern and Northern Dynasties”。
十、隋朝（Sui Dynasty）隋朝是中国历史上第二个统一的中央集权国家，存在于公元581年至公元618年。
改革与开放英语
改革与开放英语中文翻译成英文：Reform and Opening-Up解释："改革与开放" 是我国在20世纪末实施的一项综合性政策，旨在推动国家的社会经济发展。
"改革" 指的是对政治、经济和社会制度的调整和改良，而"开放" 强调了对外国投资、技术和文化的引入，以促进国内的现代化进程。
例句：中国在上世纪末启动了改革与开放政策，为经济的快速增长和社会的进步奠定了基础。
（China initiated the Reform and Opening-Up policy at the end of the last century, laying the foundation for rapid economic growth and social progress.）改革与开放使中国逐渐融入全球经济体系，为国家的现代化发展创造了丰富的机遇和挑战。
（Reform and Opening-Up enabled China to gradually integrate into the global economic system, creating abundant opportunities and challenges for the country's modernization development.）40年来，中国坚持改革与开放的道路，不断深化改革、扩大开放，取得了显著的经济成就和社会进步。
（Over the past 40 years, China has adhered to the path of Reform and Opening-Up, continuously deepening reforms and expanding openness, achieving remarkable economic achievements and social progress.）。
英语翻译词汇系列-改革开放类
英语翻译词汇系列-改革开放类改革开放类翻译词汇汇总手册版可对折制成简易指南随身携带保险业The insurance industry保证重点支出Ensure funding for priority areas被兼并或挤掉annexed or forced out of business补发拖欠的养老金Clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款Non—performing loan层层转包和违法分保Multi-level contracting and illegal subcontracting产值output value城乡信用社Credit Cooperative in both urban and rural areas 城镇居民最低生活保障A minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保险制度The system of medical insurance for urban workers抽样调查data from the sample survey出口信贷Export credit初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。
to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.贷款质量Loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法The five-category assets classification for bank loans第二产业secondary industry第三产业tertiary industry第一产业primary industry独资企业wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise发电量electric energy production发挥市场的调节作用to give play to the regulatory role of the market 发展过快excessive growth防范和化解金融风险Take precautions against and reduce financial risks 防洪工程Flood-prevention project非法外汇交易Illegal foreign exchange transaction非公有成分non-public sectors非贸易收汇Foreign exchange earnings through non trade channels非银行金融机构Non-bank financial institutions费改税Transform administrative fees into taxes分配形式forms of distribution风险资金risk funds副业sideline production改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。
改革开放四十年以来英语翻译
改革开放四十年以来英语翻译Since the reform and opening up policy was implemented forty years ago, English translation has undergone significant developments.Before 1978, English translation in China was primarily confined to political documents and international treaties, with limited application in economic, cultural and scientific fields. However, the openness to the world brought by the reform and opening up policy led to an increasing demand for English translation, enabling China's integration into the global marketplace.In the 1990s, the emergence of computer technology and the Internet revolutionized the translation industry, making it easier and faster to translate large volumes of information. Machine translation also began to gain popularity, although human translators remained essential for accurate and nuanced translation that fully captures meaning and intent.Today, English translation continues to play a crucial role in facilitating international communication and globalization. It is applied in various fields such as international business, tourism, science and technology, and diplomacy. Moreover, with the rise of digital platforms and global connectivity, English translation is becoming more accessible to a wider audience, making it an important tool for cultural exchange and mutual understanding. Undoubtedly, the development of English translation in China has contributed to the country's economic and social growth, and willcontinue to be instrumental in China's ongoing integration with the international community.。
全国高等教育自学考试《英语翻译》00087课内必背词组
全国高等教育自学考试《英语翻译》00087课内必背词组global challenge全球性挑战climate change气候变化nuclear n核扩散economic recovery经济复苏meetings at the nal nism贸易保护主义human rights人权freedom of speech and assembly言论和集会自由long-term debt长期债务domestic demand内需hoder of debt债权国a series of important new initiatives一系列重要的新提议joint clean energy research center联合清洁能源研究中心take no ns未接受采访the frigid Chinese capital冰冷的中国都城Two Conferencesthe 12th Five-Year Plan十二五nal development and people's livelihood国计民生one's tenure of office任期to perform one's duty honestly恪尽职守ary flow货币流动性common people老庶民growing material and cultural needs日益增长的物质文化需要the starting point as well as the final aim出发点和落脚点stabilize prices稳定物价to corner the market囤积居奇（把持市场）to jack up prices哄抬物价n ns通胀预期readjustment measures调控步伐economy houses保证性住房shantytown棚户区speculative housing demands谋利性住房需求property hoarding捂盘步伐keep purchased land unused圈地不消health care reform医疗改革medical care医疗保险2、时势批评summit首脑会议communique公报strategic thinker战略思想家zero-sum game一方得益一方受损的局面1—英语翻译economic reach经济影响力Sino-US ns／Sino-American n全球化nalism例外论reform and opening-up革新开放United ns Development Programme联合国开发计划Gini coefficient基尼系数the rich-poor disparity贫富差距egalitarianism平均主义e group高收入群体tax system税收制度customs duty关税value added tax增值税business tax营业税resource tax本钱税illegal underground economy公开经济tax n偷漏税wealth n财富积累the disadvantaged group弱势群体social security undertakings社会保证奇迹social transfer payments社会转移领取franchise特许经营monopoly trades垄断性行业colossal profits暴利air transport航空运输业n management管理运输业post and ns邮电运输业unfair n不公平竞争upper limit限高people at the bottom level基础阶层Gross nal Product（GNP）国民生产总值Gross Domestic Product（GDP）国内生产总值三、经济贸易individual freedom小我自在equality of opportunity机会均等hard work勉力斗争monopoly of power权力垄断be supportive of支持，赞成social class社会地位，社会阶层inherited privilege继承的特权manufacturer制造商labor problems of ns大公司的劳工问题business n商务专栏2—英语翻译stock prices股市行情foreign aid对外援助federal budget联邦预算Federal Reserve Bank联邦储蓄银行entertainment industry文娱业show business演艺业world of arts文艺界world of entertainment娱乐界financial crisis经济危机the lifeless economies经济不景气consumer markets消费市场teetering currency rates货币疲软purchasing power购买力political instability政局不定change economic circumstances经济不稳nist barriers商业保护主义壁垒diplomatic rows外交摩擦press forward大力推进system of foreign trade外贸体制n集团化state enterprises国有企业entrepreneur企业家mass market大众市场added value附加值export commodities出口商品hard-punch" items拳头产物competitive edge合作上风geographical n市场多元化make a good killing赚大钱first class一流的trade fairs交易会sales forces贩卖职员n facilities出产装备sales outlets贩卖点productivity生产率preferential policies优惠政策infrastructure基础设施foreign direct investment外国直接投资be supportive of撑持inherited privilege继承的特权labor problems of ns大公司的劳资题目the reform of China’s foreign t rade regime中国的外贸体系体例革新fine quality or else no export以质取胜market n市场调整3—英语翻译foreign exchange market外汇市场fine or intricate processing精加工和深加工四、科学技术Silicon Valley硅谷renewable petroleum可再生石油are executive软件管理人员business school商学院agricultural waste农业废物wheat straw麦秆crude oil原油science n科幻小说r director高级主管Saudi Arabia沙特阿拉伯global economy全球经济hydrogen fuel氢燃料carbon negative负碳的raw materials原材料supply ns供给营业start-up capital启动资金single-cell organisms单细胞生物industrial yeast工业酵母E.coli大肠杆菌custom designing定制设计fatty acids脂肪酸n发酵fuels industry生物燃料行业byproduct副产物textile material纺织质料Chinese Academy of Science中国科学院n回收chemical n化学分化monomers单体chemical fiber化学纤维short polyester fibers涤纶短纤维polyester fiber聚酯纤维n clothes时装Nobel Prize for Chemistry诺贝尔化学奖chemical n化学方程式all-weather clothes晴雨两用衣chemical substance化学物资solvents溶剂intermediates中央体industrial chemicals化工原材料4—英语翻译regenerated resin再生树脂China's Plastic n net中国降解塑料网relevant departments 有关部门medium-sized city中等城市economic returns经济效益make……obsolet e使……被淘汰，使……过时be broken down into被分解为……5、天然探秘global warming全球气候变暖heat wave热浪nuclear facilities核办法flash flood山洪暴发greenhouse gas n温室气体排放fossil-fuel n化石燃料的排放carbon xide二氧化碳solar n太阳变革satellite measurements卫星测量atmospheric change大气变化saturated air mass饱和大气团xide effect二氧化碳效应atmospheric n大气循环weather phenomenon天气现象lower atmosphere高空大气层water vapor水汽condensed matter of the vapor水汽固结物horizontal distance水平距离visibility能见度meteorology气象学light fog轻雾heavy fog重雾horizontal visibility程度能见度n fog辐射雾advective fog平流雾steam fog蒸汽雾up-slope fog上坡雾frontal surface锋面雾water droplets水滴ice crystals冰晶poor visibility能见度差expressways高速公路a plant disease病害to ear (up)抽穗wheat scab赤霉病5—英语翻译pathogen microbes病原微生物harmful substance有害物质tracheitis气管炎pharyngolarynigitis咽喉炎conjunctivitis结膜炎strenuous exercise猛烈举动tourist ns旅行胜地Arctic sea—ice cover北极海冰覆盖面积n point饱和点the n of heat on the surface of the earth地面热量的散失appear in us shapes and postures千姿百态be enveloped in mists and clouds云雾缭绕六、文化俗anthropologist人类学家hidden purpose内涵意义code of conduct行为准则regular customer常客bar staff酒保facial n脸部脸色Guinness stout健力士烈性黑啤酒unspoken ways非语言方式body language形体语言mutual interest配合好处cultural n文化内涵material enjoyment物质享受spiritual enjoyment精神享受agrarian society农耕社会Christmas圣诞节Saint Valentine's Day情人节Easter Sunday复活节All Saints' Day万圣节Thanksgiving Day戴德节Opium War鸦片战争Christianity教the Ming Dynasty明朝Confucian teachings儒学典范feudalist vestiges封建剩余the Spring Festival春节the Dragon Boat Festival端五节the Mid-Autumn Day中秋节legal holidays法定节假日the State Council国务院Anniversaries记念日6—英语翻译the sense of nal identity民族认同感the United ns nal。
【英语】中国政治常用词汇英语翻译
【关键字】英语执法部门law-enforcing departments群众组织mass organizations保证将国家机关的工作置于社会的监督下to ensure the works of state organizations be put under social supervision深入开展反腐败斗争to deepen the anticorruption campaign廉正建设the construction of honest administering社会主义民主政治的核心是人民当家做主,真正享有法律赋予的各项民主权利.The essence and core of socialist democratic politics is that the people are the masters and they really enjoy various democratic rights endowed by laws集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decision through meeting全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation小康社会、小康生活well-to-do society, well-to-do life四项基本原则Four Cardinal Principles社会主义初级阶段the primary stage of socialism党管干部的原则the principle of the Party assuming the responsibility for cadres’ affairs集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decisionthrough meeting基本国策basic state policy精神文明intellectual and ideological development物质文明material progress廉政建设construction of a clean government权利下放delegate / decentralize power to the lower levels人浮于事overstaffed社会风气social morality社会风尚social graces; social graciousness物质文明material progress以权谋私abuse power for personal gains与国际接轨gear… to international conventions政企分开separate government functions from enterprise management执法监督部门law-enforcing departments and supervisory institutions中国国情China's actual conditions综合国力the overall national strength遵纪守法observe discipline and abide by the law改革开放reform and open up (to the outside world解放思想、实事求是emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people 依法治国和以德治国the rule of law and the rule of virtue社会主义物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilizations of socialism人民民主专政the people's democratic dictatorship民主集中制、党内民主democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy democratic decision-making 民主决策democratic elections 民主选举democratic management 民主管理Democratic Progressive Party 民进党democratic supervision 民主监督Deng Xiaoping theory 邓小平理论deputy to the National People's Congress 全国人大代表extensive and profound 广博精深extravagance and waste 铺张浪费falsification 弄虚作假family planning 计划生育federations of industry 工商联fetters of subjectivism and metaphysics 主观主义和形而上学的桎梏fight against "Taiwan Independence" 反对“台独”good-neighborly relationship 睦邻友好government functions 政府职能government institutions 政府机构government intervention 政府干预government organs 政府机构(have) a good government and a united people 政通人和historic breakthrough 历史性突破hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping theory 高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜honesty 诚实守信honesty and high efficiency 廉洁高效Hong Kong And Macao special administrative regions 香港、澳门特别行政区ideological and moral education 思想道德建设intellectuals 知识分子intensify functions 强化功能international organizations 国际性组织international situation 国际形势iron out differences 化解歧见keep pace with the times 与时俱进kingpin 支撑long-term peace and order 长治久安long-term social stability and solidarity 长期社会安定团结Mao Zedong thought 毛泽东思想Marxism Leninism 马克思列宁主义mass organizations 人民团体masters of the country 当家作主material and cultural needs of the people 人民的物质文化需要material and spiritual civilization 物质文明和精神文明media and publicity work 宣传舆论工作moral kingpin 精神支撑morality, intelligence, physique and art 德智体美national rejuvenation through science and education 科教兴国national reunification 祖国统一national spirit 民族精神negotiations on peaceful reunification 和平统一谈判neighborhood committee 居委会NPC member 人大代表our compatriots in Taiwan 台湾同胞patriots from all walks of life 各界爱国人士patriotic democratic personages 爱国民主人士patriotic united front 爱国统一战线peace and development 和平与发展peace, justice and progress 和平，正义，进步proceed from our national conditions 从我国国情出发promote all-round social progress 促进社会全面进步realm of ideology 意识形态领域reform and opening-up 改革开放reform, development and stability 改革发展稳定rule (run) the country by law 依法治国rule (run) the country by virtue 以德治国running the party, state and army 治党治国治军survival and development 生存和发展sustainable development 可持续发展system of regional ethnic autonomy 民族区域自治制度the Chinese people of all ethnic groups 全国各族人民the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation 中华民族的伟大复兴the people of all social strata 社会各阶层人们the provincial and municipal (prefectural) governments 省、市（地）两级地方政府two conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 两会（人大，政协）unified, open, competitive and orderly 统一、开放、竞争、有序vigilance against risks 抗风险能力vitality, creativity and cohesion of a nation 民族的力、创造力和凝聚力citizens' participation in political affairs 公民政治参与civic duty 公民职责civil rights / civil liberties 公民权利、自由civil servants 公务员此文档是由网络收集并进行重新排版整理.word可编辑版本！。
英语翻译中的政治术语译法
英语翻译中的政治术语译法~马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s”important Thought新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism改革开放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside中国共产党十一届三中全会The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China马克思主义政党Marxist political Party党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (second/third)generation人民民主专政the people’s democratic dictatorship国民经济体系national economic system综合国力aggregate national strength国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
法律词汇 英语翻译
法律词汇英语翻译A Resolution for V oluntary自动清盘决议Act作为Action诉讼Adult成人、成年人Affidavit誓章Affidavit誓章Arrestable Offence可逮捕的罪行Assignment转让契据Auditor核数师A vailable act of Bankruptcy可用的破产作为Bailiff执达主任Bilingual Laws Advisory Committee双语法例谘询委员会British Dependent Territories citizen英国属土公民British Overseas citizen英国海外公民Building Authority建筑事务监督Buyer买方certificate证书Certificate of Compliance满意纸Charge扺押Chief Justice首席大法官Commissioner监誓员Committed For Trial交付审判Common Law普通法Company公司Conditions of Exchange换地条款Conditions of Grant批地条款Conditions of Sale卖地条款Consul领事Consular Officer领事馆官员Contract of Sale售卖合约Co-owners联名业主Court of Final Appeal终审法院Creditor´s Ordinary Resolution债权人普通决议Creditor´s Special Resolution债权人会议特别决议Creditors´V oluntary Winding债权人自动清盘Debenture债权证Debt Provable in Bankruptcy可证债项Deed of Mutual Covenant大厦公契Document of Title to Goods货品的所有权文件Easement地役权electronic record电子纪录electronic signature电子签署Export输出、出口Fault错失Freehold永久业权Future goods期货Gazette宪报Government Chemist政府化验师Government Land Resumption Ordinance收回官地条例Government Lease官地租契Group of Companies公司集团hash function杂凑函数Import输入、进口Incumbrance负累权益information system资讯系统International court of justice国际法院Joint Tenants共有权益Judge大法官Judge of the Court of Final Appeal终审法院大法官Judgment判决Judgment Creditor判定债权人Judgment Debtor判定债务人Justice, Justice of the peace太平绅士key pair配对密码匙land土地Lands Tribunal土地审裁处Law法律、法例、法Leasehold租用业权Legal Mortgage法定式按揭Listed Company上市公司Medical Practitioner医生Members´V oluntary Winding Up成员自动清盘Mortgage按揭New Territories新界Notary公证人Oath誓言Oath誓言Offence罪、罪行、罪项、犯法行为Official Receiver破产管理署署长Order in Council枢密院颁令Original court原讼法院Personal Representative遗产代理人Plaintiff原告人Police officer警务人员Power权、权力Prevailing Market Rent市值租金Principal Tenant主租客Prison狱、监狱Private Company私人公司private key私人密码匙Privy Council枢密院Profit A Prendre取利权Property产权Property财产Prospectus招股章程public key公开密码匙Quality of Goods货、货品Quality of Goods货品品质record纪录Registrar of the Supreme Court最高法院司法常务官Regulations规例Repeal废除Restrictive Covenant限制性的约言Reversionary Title归属主权Right Of Way过路权或取道权Sale售卖Secured Creditor有抵押债权人Sell卖、售卖、出售Seller卖方Share股﹑股份Sign签名、签署Specific Goods特定货品Statutory Declaration法定声明Subsidiary Legislation附属法例Summary conviction简易程序定罪Tenants-in-common共享权益Tenement物业单位Territorial Waters领海Town Planning Board城市规划委员会Triable Summarily可循简易程序审讯Trustee of Bankruptcy破产受托人trustworthy system稳当系统United Kingdom联合王国Unlisted Company非上市公司verify a digital signature核实数码签署Warranty保证条款Will遗嘱years of age岁、年岁Abatement减免或减轻abduction拐带abortion堕胎absconding弃保潜逃Absolute assignment绝对转让absolute discharge无条件释放absolute liability绝对法律责任acquit [v.]无罪释放Act of God天灾、神力行为adjourn休庭、延期聆讯age of consent同意年龄Agent代理人aiding & abetting教唆、煽动犯罪Arbitration仲裁arbitration仲裁arrest拘捕、逮捕arrestable offence可逮捕罪行arson纵火Articles of Association公司章程assault殴打asymmetric cryptosystem非对称密码系统Authorized share capital法定股本Authorized signature经授权之签名bankruptcy debt破产债项Bearer持票人beneficiary受益人Board of directors董事会Business Registration商业登记Certificate of Origin产地来源证certification practice statement核证作业准则Chairman of the board of directors董事会主席Charge抵押Chattel货物或实产commissioner监誓员Company directors公司董事Company Secretary公司秘书Condition precedent先决条件Conditions批地条款Consideration代价Contract for service服务合约Contract for service服务合约Conversion侵占copyright notice版权通知Cost, insurance, freightCIFCounter-offer反要约Creditor债权人creditors´committee债权人委员会creditors´meeting债权人的会议damage损害damages损害赔偿debt provable in bankruptcy or provable debt可证债权或可证债项debtor债务人deed契据digital signature数码签署discharge解除dispute resolution和调解纠纷dividend股息dormant匿名或不活动drawee受票人drawer发票人economic rights经济权Equal Opportunity Commission平等机会委员会Equitable Charge公义式扺押Equitable Mortgage公义式按揭Forfeiture没收租权intellectual property rights知识产权interim order临时命令Intermeddling干预死者的遗产Law Reform Commission法律改革委员会Legal Charge法定式扺押licensing agreement许可合同moral rights精神权利nominee代名人Nominee´s Report代名人报告notary公证人Official Receiver破产管理署署长ordinary resolution普通决议parallel import平行进口patent专利Payable at sight见票即付Payee受款人property财产proposal建议registered design registration注册外观设计Registered Medical Practitioner注册医生Secretary for Justice律政司司长secured creditor有抵押债权人short term patent短期专利special resolution特别决议Term土地租期The Office of the Commissioner of Insurance保险业监理处Title业权Trade mark商标Trade Mark Ordinance商标条例Trade Mark Registry商标注册处trade mark relating to goods货品商标trade mark relating to services服务商标trustee受托人voluntary arrangement个人自愿安排。
英语翻译重点词汇
英语翻译重点词汇fellow c ountrymen 同胞militarist 军阀Chinese C ommunist Party 党组织the Grand Canal （京杭）大运河Industrial Revolution 工业革命dawn to dark 从早到晚especially English 具有英国特征的cottageindustry 农村手工业Indian summer 最后的余辉stock-raising 畜牧业Homestead Act 宅地法wild west 西部荒原the gold rush 淘金热basic o ccupation 基础产业Department of Agriculture 农业部门the Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲coastalerosion 水土流失Mediterranean climate 地中海型气候surveyorgeneral 测量总监sovereign nation 主权国家aggregateoutput 总产量coastal area 沿海地区telephone connections 电话用户economic well-being 生活水平two way trade 双向贸易lucrativeexportmarket 出口市场foreign exchange 外汇sumtotal 总数per capita 人均GNP 国民生产总值jointventures 合资企业net income 净收入world investment system 世界投资体系the stock of foreign investment 外资存量英语翻译重点词汇（２）major e conomy 经济大国the stimulus, the technology and the funding 动力、技术和资金international trade and investment 国际贸易和投资popular science 科普读物Arctic seas 北冰洋vegetable oil 植物油mineral oil 煤油internal combustion engine 内燃机warfare on land and sea 陆战和海战minute sea creatures and plan 微t s 小的海洋动植物crude oil 原油sedimentaryrocks 沉积岩pitchlake 沥青湖superhighway 高速公路living o rganism 生物体applied entomology 应用昆虫学environmentalLaw 环保法wildlife 野生生物freedom from noise pollution 无噪声污染Act 法amendment 修正案bill 议案hearing 听证会lobby 院外活动集团universal copyright convention 世界版权公约a system of copyright protection 版权保护制度Contracting States 成员国Director-General 总干事meantemperature 平均温度China’s “most important historicalsites” 全国重点保护文物the cultural relics 文物mutual prosperity 相互繁荣internationaltrade 世界贸易bilateraltrade 双边贸易commercial and financial relationships贸易与金融关economic performance/reform 经济改革economic c ourse 经济道路employment 就业food p roduction 食品加工heavy i ndustries 重工业financial services sector 金融服务foreignexchangedealing 外汇交易the international community 国际社会foreign funds 外国资金domestic competition 国内竞争multilateral disciplines 多边规定apart-timeriver 季节性河流oil-burning lamps 油灯science of b iological control 生物控制学newareasofthought 新的思维空间a warm-blooded animal 恒温动物grant a license 颁发许可证strip mining 露天采矿offshore oil drilling 近海石油钻探wastedisposal 废物处理national l ife 国民生计enacting legislation 立法remaining open land 尚未开发的土地a system of copyright protection 版权保护制度policies of reform and opening to theoutside world 改革开放政策national lives 人民生活national security policies 国家安全政策中翻英流派school文学家manofletters文学界literary circle欺世盗名glory-seeking新民主主义NewDemocracy五四运动TheMay4thMovement反帝国主义运动anti-imperialistmovement反封建运动anti-feudalmovement辛亥革命the Revolution of 1911初步共产主义思想rudiments ofcommunist ideology六三运动June3rdMovement文化革命the cultural revolution小资产阶级和资产阶级知识分子petty-bourgeois and bourgeoisintellectuals in the cities市民阶级theurbanintelligentsia五卅运动May 30th Movement in1925北伐战争the Northern Expedition北洋军阀政府the Northern Warlordgovernment右翼right wing民族危机national crisis巴黎和会theParisPeaceConference故宫博物馆the Imperial Palace/ thePalace Museum故宫OldPalace天安门Tian An Men Gate太庙The Imperial Ancestral Temple中ft公园the Sun Yat-Sen Park砖木结构wood and brick太和殿the Hall of Supreme Harmony 午门the Meridian Gate外朝theOuterPalace英语翻译重点词汇（３）内廷the Inner Court金水桥theGoldenWaterBridge太和门the Gate of Supreme Harmony中和殿the Hall of Complete Harmony保和殿the Hall of Preserving Harmony御花园the imperial garden白塔the White Dagoba琉璃瓦glazedtiles粮食自给率self-sufficiency rate of grain净进口量netimportrate消费量consumption quantity农业自然资源Natural agricultural resources生产条件production condition技术水平technical level耕地cultivated land单位面积per unit area复种指数the multiple crop index内陆水域inlandwaters水产品aquaticproducts集约化intensification木本植物arbor foodstuffs知识经济knowledge ec onomy劳动密集型产业labour intensive industries贸易与金融关系commercial and financial ties中国少年儿童出版社China Children Press儿童文学Children’s Literature丝绸之路the Silk Road井地之蛙 a frog at the bottom of a well落汤鸡like a drowned rate陆地自然资源landnaturalresources淡水资源freshwater resources矿产资源mineral resources大陆岸线mainland coastline岛屿岸线islands’ coastline联合国海洋法公约UN Convention on the Law of the Sea 中国海域China’s sea areas浅海shallow seas人工养殖aquaticproducts沉积盆地sedimentationbasin中国沿海China’s coasts深水岸线deep-water stretch of coast可再生能源regenerable energyresources全球生命支持系统the globalbio-supportsystem全国人民代表大会National People’sCongress中外合资经营Chinese-ForeignEquity Joint Ventures国际经济合作internationaleconomic cooperation技术交流technologicalexchange经济组织economicorganization外国合营者foreignjointventurer平等互利的原则the principle ofequality and mutual benefit andsubject公共利益publicinterest有限责任公司limited liabilitycompany对外经济贸易主管部门State’scompetent department in charge offoreign e conomic r elations a nd t rade工商行政管理主管部门the State’scompetent department in charge ofindustry a nd c ommerce a dministration营业执照business license注册资本registered capital合营企业经营期间in its practicingdeception董事会aboardofdirectors董事长chairman企业发展规划the venture’sdevelopment plans英语翻译重点词汇（４）生产经营活动方案proposals forproduction and business operations收支预算the budget for revenuesand expenditure利润分配the distribution of profits审计师the auditors毛利润gross profit储备基金reserve fund净利润netprofit优惠待遇preferential treatment所得税the income tax国家外汇管理机关State agency forforeign exchange金融机构financial institution外汇账户aforeignexchangeaccount保险公司insurance company国际市场world market有关外汇事宜foreign exchangetransactions个人所得税individual income tax不可抗力force majeur基本方针the basic principle兴修水利infensify water-contralproject科技进步the development of scienceand technology稻田paddy fields养鱼业fish c ulture养殖aquaculture生产能力productivecapacity人工草场the artificial grasslands国际海洋年the International OceanYear其他合法权益other lawful right开始营业start operations工业产权industrial c apital总经理generalmanager总工程师chief e ngineer总会计师treasurer正副厂长factory manager and deputymanager享受优惠待遇enjoy preferentialtreatment英语翻译重点词汇（5）Premier 总理financial deficit 财务赤字arbitration agency 仲裁机构regionalautonomy 地方自治automobile c omponents 汽车部件ASEAN 东盟(东南亚国家联盟)natural e nemies o f i nsects 昆虫的天敌consumer goods 消费品footbridge 天桥Keen interest 浓厚的兴趣subtropical p lant 亚热带植物social s ecurity s ystem 社会保障制度pension fund 养老金regular e vent 常事municipal g overnment 自治政府entrepreneurial spirit 进取精神to give something much thou仔g细h t 想某事cling to youth 与年轻人呆在一起carriage d rawn b y t he h orse 乘马车Federal Power Commission 联邦电力委员会the Long March 长征neighboring enviroment 周边环境live on one's own life 独立生活freshly harvested 刚割的marine insurance 海事保险scarce t actic 吓唬人的办法a far cry from 完全不同in this respect 在这方面industrial pollution 工业污染international understanding 国际间的了解prime m inister 首相sino-American relationship 中美关系stand squarely 端端正正地站着establishcommunities 建立村镇mineral deposit 矿藏flows o f c apital 资本流动powerofnature 自然的力量theicewasbroken 打破了僵局science of b iotic controls 生物控制学domestic l egislation 国内立法full diplomtic relations 正式外交关系natural b eauty 自然美more than ten years his junior 比他年轻十几岁open public domain 开放的公共地带typical masterpiece 具有代表意义的杰作to imprint on one's mind 印在某人的脑海里tentative and uncertain manner 试探和踌躇的举止wind and twist 蜿蜒vaguelyworded 措词含糊to and fro 走来走去brightlypainted 颜色鲜艳的英语翻译重点词汇（6）average annual rainfall 平均年降雨量ravages of time 时间的摧残the flower of one's youth 风华正茂in unison 一致turn one's back on 拒绝,冷眼相看court of appeals 上诉法院internationalaffairs 国际事务magnificient dinner 盛大晚宴full member 正式成员vast size and resources 地大物博outward investor 对外投资者a k ind o f i nvitation 殷勤的邀请sober-faced 沉静的right to know 知情权unpublished works 未出版的作品welcoming banquet 欢迎宴会historically s ignificant e xperiment 具有历史意义的尝试in his m iddle twenties 二十多岁outstanding feature 突出特点undue absoption in the past 过分地怀念过去resonantvoice 洪亮的声音universalconvention 世界公约immeasurable contrast 迥然不同sucking vigor 汲取力量meticulously dressed 穿着讲究well-mannered silence 规规矩矩now and again 有时works of the human kind 人类精神产品scientificexchange 科学交流it r ains c ats a nd d ogs 倾盆大雨gleaming e yes 闪光的眼睛source o f p ower 能源everlastingly 无穷无尽的property damage 财产损失the birth and death of the day 每一天的诞生和消亡Sir John 约翰爵士on board ship 在船上common g round 共同点average height 中等身材in the air 酝酿中life-giving 赋予生命globaleconomy 全球经济come and go 霎时即去market-day 赶集日anarrow s wale 狭长的洼地toast 干杯英语翻译重点词汇（7）金字塔Pyramid中国公民Chinesecitizen维生素vitamin载人飞船mannedairship生态环境environment世界贸易组织World TradOrganization可耕地arable land'三个代表'重要思想Three RepresentsImportant Idea纬度latitude郁金香tulip首相Prime Minister生产条件production condition粮食总产量目标total grain outputtarget工业产权industrial property rights福礼sacrificial meat国民经济nationaleconomy大陆架continentalshelves和平共处peacefulcoexistence深刻的影响profound impact交通动脉arteriesofcommunication平民文学literature for the commonpeople熬夜to sit up民族团结ethnic harmony, ethnicsolidarity各种流尖派的differentschools不合理的制度irrational system花言巧语flowery language极西地带far west经济改革economicreforms灌溉面积irrigated areas零工odd jobs战略任务strategic task有限责任公司a limited liabilitycompany区域自治regional autonomy革命道路revolutionaryroad为…打下基础layfoundationsfor不良后果negtive effects生活水平standardofliving沿海城市coastalcity花坛flower bed不惜力气not sparing oneself新兴城市the rising town永久定居permanent settlement革命知识分子revolutionaryintellectuals在…的号召下at the call of英语翻译重点词汇（8）散文集collectionofessays试工期trial period排队queue up浓装艳抹heavy make up合法手续legaltitle客观有利因素favorable objective factors高等教育highereducation小买卖人 a peddler先进技术advancedtechnology民族精神national spirit测深绳sounding-line出于自愿和兴趣on one's own count, out of interest电力生产electrical production历史遗址historicalsites单位面积产量the yield per unit area专属经济区exclusiveeconomiczones储备基金reservefund统一战线的革命运动the revolutionary movement of a united front文艺节Festival of Arts完整的古代建筑群complete group of acient buildings世界投资体系world investment system旧梦重温going through old dreams 自给自足self-suffiiciency互不干涉内政non-interference无言的呼唤wordless cry多功能机器multi-purpose machine 平均率average rate月白色的palegreen拉排子车pull a handcart学术交流academic exchange五一的下午on the afternoon of May1st河流入海口the mouth of the river无情的relentless初冬earlywinter拉家带口be saddled with big families。
专业术语熟语英语翻译
积极探索、求真务实 try to explore new ways and be realistic and pragmatic 从严治党 tightening the Party discipline 保持党的先进性和纯洁性 maintain the Party’s advanced nature and purity 增强党的凝聚力和战斗力 enhance the Party’s cohesive and fighting capacity 自强不息，锐意进取，艰苦奋斗，勤俭建 国 make unremitting efforts to overcome difficulties, build the country with industry and thrift
证券交易所 Stock Exchange Centre 外汇交易中心 Foreign Exchange Transaction Centre 国际商务中心 Ire 联合发展有限公司 United Development Co-Ltd 引进外资项目 introducing foreign investment projects 供电、通讯及其他基础设施 power supply, telecommunication service and other infrastructure facilities
有重点有选择地 with our priorities in mind and on a selective basis
增强自主创新能力 enhancing our own abilities of independent creation 全球化趋势 globalization trend 积极的姿态 active stance 全方位、多层次、宽领域 in all directions, at all levels and in a wide range 开放型经济 open economy 增强国际竞争能力 enhancing our international competitiveness
英语翻译必备短语
英语翻译必备短语一、政治类：1. 日益昌盛 become increasingly prosperous2. 快速发展 develop rapidly3. 隆重集会 gather ceremoniously4. 热爱和平 love peace5. 追求进步 pursue progress6. 履行权利和义务 perform the responsibilities and obligations7. 回顾奋斗历程 review the course of struggle8. 展望伟大征程 look into the great journey9. 充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength 10. 必胜 be bound to win 11. 主张各国政府采取行动 urge governments of all countries to take action 12. 和平共处 coexist peacefully 13. 对内开放和对外开放 open up both externally and internally 14. 经历两个不同时期 experience two different periods 15. 战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties 16. 赢得一个又一个胜利 win one victory after another 17. 完全意识到 be fully aware that 18. 迈出重要的一步 make an important step 19. 采取各种措施 adopt various measures 20. 得出结论 , 告一段落 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion 21. 实现民族独立realize national independence 22. 追求真理 seek the truth 23. 建立社会主义制度 establish a socialist system 24. 根除 (防止, 消除) 腐败 root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption 25. 响应号召 respond to the call 26. 进入新时期 enter a new period 27. 实行新政策 practice new policies 28. 展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality 29. 增强综合国力和国际竟争力 enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and international competitiveness 30. 进入世界先进行列 edge into the advanced ranks in the world 31. 解决温饱问题 solve the problem of food and clothing 32. 吸收各国文明的先进成果 absorb what is advanced in other civilizations 33. 与日俱增 increase every day 34. 实现夙愿 fulfill the long-cherished wishes 35. 必将实现 be bound to come true 36. 锻造一支人民军队 forge apeople’s army 37. 建立巩固的国防 build a strong national defense 38. 进行和谈 hold peace talks 39. 修改法律 amend the laws 40. 在... 中起(至关) play a major的(crucial, an important ) role in 重要作用42. 遵循规则 follow the principles 43. 把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice … 44. 把... 作为指导take… as the guide 45. 缓和紧张状况 ease the tension 46. 高举伟大旗帜 hold high the great banner 47. 解决新问题 resolve new problems 48. 观察当今世界 observe the present-day world 49. 开拓前进 open up new ways forward 50. 增强凝聚力enhance the rally power 51. 结束暴力，开始和平谈判 end the violence andresume peace talks 52. 进行战略性调整 make strategic readjustment 53. 开始生效 go into effect / enter into force 54. 就... 接受妥协 accept a compromise on 55. 接受... 的采访 be interviewed by 56. 把……看成社会公敌look upon … as a threat to society 57. 把……捐给慈善机构donate …to charities 58. 维护世界和平 maintain world peace 59. 摆脱贫穷落后 get rid of poverty and backwardness 60. 实现发展繁荣 bring about development and prosperity 61. 反对各种形式的恐怖主义 be opposed to all forms of terrorism 62. 宣布。
2007年考研英语阅读解翻译与解析
2007年考研英语阅读解翻译与解析D2 to the future.1．［A］natives ［B］inhabitants ［C］peoples ［D］individuals2．［A］confusedly［B］cheerfully ［C］worriedly ［D］hopefully1. 语意辨析题本题目选择名词，在句子中充当主语。
句子叙述到The roughly 20 millionof these nations looked to the future. “这些国家大概有2000万…对未来…。
”选项A. natives 本地人；B. inhabitant居民;C. peoples 民族；D. individuals个体。
不难发现，选项A. natives 本地人，“这些国家大概有2000万本地人…”，符合句子含义；选项B. inhabitant居民，“这些国家大概有2000万居民…”，符合句子含义；选项C. peoples 民族，“这些国家大概有2000万个民族”，显然有悖于常理，不符合句子含义；选项D. individuals 个体，“这些国家大概有2000万个体…”，不符合句子含义，个体一般用于区分于集体时使用。
选项A和B都可以在句子中做主语，确定该题目为语意辨析题。
前面相邻语句（或文章中心思想）叙述到“By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. 到1830，前西班牙和葡萄牙殖民地解放，宣告成为独立国家。
”本句解释了这些居住在摆脱殖民地地位而独立的国家的人们对于未来的态度。
因此，正确答案为B。
2. 语意辨析题本题目选择副词，在句子中做状语。
句子叙述到The roughly 20 million inhabitants of these nations looked to the future. “这些国家大概有2000万居民对未来…。
英语四级段落翻译常用词汇
英语四级段落翻译常用词汇民俗/文化类年画 new year’s picture挂年画 to put up new year’s picture拜年 pay a new year call烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker灯谜 lantern riddles年夜饭 family reunion dinner on lunar new year年糕 glutinous cake for new year元宵 glutinous rice dumpling大年初一 the first day of the first lunar month对联 couplets贴春联 to put up couplets糊窗花 to put up window paper-cuts压岁钱 money given to children as a lunar new year gift红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals儒家文化：Confucian Culture农历：Lunar Calendar红双喜：Double Happiness民俗：folklore烹饪：cuisine武术：martial arts功夫：Kung Fu端午节：Duanwu Festival; Dragon-boat Festival清明节：Qingming Festival; Tombs-sweeping Festival烧纸钱：burn paper money筷子：chopsticks福到/倒：a reversed FU (meaning happiness)； fudaole meaning “happiness comes”七夕节：Double-seventh Festival重阳节：Double-ninth Festival牛郎织女： The Cowherd and the Weaving Maid社会类accommodations膳宿baby boom生育高峰census人口普查；economic census经济普查charitable仁慈的，为慈善事业的，慷慨的civilized文明的，有礼的commit suicide自杀divorce离婚drug abuse滥用毒品hospitality好客household家庭的infrastructure基础设施metropolitan大城市的psychological 心理学的questionnaire 问卷调查religious 宗教的social change 社会变革．social interrelationship社会关系social status社会地位安居工程 housing project for low-income families保障妇女就业权利to guarantee women’s right to employment社会保障 social security城镇社会保障体系 the social security system in urban areas城镇职工基本医疗保险制度the basic medical insurance system for urban employees大家庭 extended family大专文凭 associate degree关心老龄人 care for senior citizens.过紧日子 tighten one’s belt合理调整就业结构 to rationally readjust the employment structure基本养老金 basic pensions计划生育 family planning/birth control建立新型的劳动关系 to establish a new type of labor relations人口老龄化 aging of population人民生活水平 quality of life; the living standards弱势群体disadvantaged groups伤残保险 disability insurance社会福利制度the social welfare system社会公德 social morality生活费用 cost of living; income maintenance生育保险制度the childbirth insurance system失学儿童 dropouts失业保险 unemployment insurance推进素质教育 push ahead with education for all-around development文明城市 model city; culturally advanced city;物业管理 estate / property management小家庭 nuclear family小康生活 enjoy a fairly comfortable life行行出状元 Every profession produces its own leading authority.研究生毕业证/学位证 graduate diploma/graduate degree's diploma养老保险 retirement insurance养老保险制度the old-age insurance system医疗保险 medical insurance医疗保险制度the medical insurance system待遇优厚的工作 a well-paid job单亲家庭 single parent family独生子女 the only child建设廉洁、勤政、务实、高效政府 build a clean and diligent, pragmatic and efficient government建设一个富强、民主、文明的国家build a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally advanced country教育程度 educational status; education received扩大就业和再就业 to expand employment and reemployment培养实践能力和创新精神to develop practical abilities and a spirit of innovation人口出生率 birth rate失业保险制度the unemployment insurance system失业率 rate of unemployment预期寿命 life expectancy补充词汇：中国历史与文化京剧 Peking opera秦腔 Qin opera功夫Kungfo太极Tai Chi口技 ventriloquism木偶戏puppet show皮影戏 shadowplay折子戏 opera highlights杂技 acrobatics相声 witty dialogue comedy刺绣 embroidery苏绣 Suzhou embroidery泥人 clay figure书法 calligraphy中国画 traditional Chinese painting水墨画 Chinese brush painting中国结 Chinese knot中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China火药 gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术 paper-making指南针 the compass青铜器 bronze ware瓷器 porcelain; china唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝cloisonne秋千swing武术 martial arts儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化 Confucian culture道教 Taoism墨家Mohism法家 Legalism佛教 Buddhism孔子 Confucius孟子 Mencius老子 Lao Tzu庄子 Chuang Tzu墨子 Mo Tzu孙子Sun Tzu象形文字 pictographic characters文房四宝（笔墨纸观）the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius《孙子兵法》The Art of War《三国演义》Three Kingdoms《西游记》Journey to the West《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals《史记》Historical Records《诗经》The Book of Songs《易经》The I Ching; The Book of Changes 《礼记》The Book of Rites《三字经》Three-character Scriptures八股文 eight-part essay五言绝句 five-character quatrain七言律诗 seven-character octave旗袍 cheongsam中山装 Chinese tunic suit唐装 Tang suit风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历 Solar calendar阴历 Lunar calendar闰年 leap year十二生肖zodiac春节 the Spring Festival元宵节 the Lantern Festival清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day重阳节 the Double-ninth Day七夕节 the Double-seventh Day春联 spring couplets庙会 temple fair爆竹 firecracker年画（traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱 New Year gift-money舞龙dragon dance元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯 festival lantern灯谜 lantern riddle舞狮 lion dance踩高跷 stilt walking赛龙舟 dragon boat race胡同hutong山东菜 Shandong cuisine川菜 Sichuan cuisine粤菜 Canton cuisine扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine月饼 moon cake年糕 rice cake油条 deep-fried dough sticks豆浆 soybean milk馒头 steamed buns花卷 steamed twisted rolls包子 steamed stuffed buns北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck拉面 hand-stretched noodles馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐 tofu/bean curd麻花 fried dough twist烧饼 clay oven rolls皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks火锅hot pot长城 the Great Wall of China烽火台 beacon tower秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs五台山"Wutai Mountain九华山 Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei泰山 Mount Tai黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain故宫 the Imperial Palace天坛 the Temple of Heaven午门 Meridian Gate大运河 Grand Canal护城河the Moat回音壁Echo Wall居庸关 Juyongguan Pass九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵 the Ming Tombs苏州园林 Suzhou gardens西湖 West Lake九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭 Sun Moon Lake布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼 drum tower四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex孔庙 Confucius Temple乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama转世灵重 reincarnated soul boy 中药 traditional Chinese medicine《黄帝内经》Emperor Huangdi，s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine 《神农本草经》Shennong，s Herbal Classic《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica针灸 acupuncture推拿 medical massage切脉 feeling the pulse五禽戏 five-animal exercises旧石器时代 the Paleolithic Age新石器时代 the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan society封建的feudal朝代 dynasty秦朝 Qin Dynasty汉朝 Han Dynasty唐朝 Tang Dynasty宋朝 Song Dynasty元朝 Yuan Dynasty明朝 Ming Dynasty清朝 Qing Dynasty秦士台皇帝 Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin皇太后 Empress Dowager汉高祖刘邦 Liu Bang, Emperor Hangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty 成吉思汗Genghis Khan春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi皇帝，君主 emperor; monarch诸侯vassal皇妃 imperial concubine丞相，宰相 prime minister太监 court eunuch少数民族 ethnic minority祭祀 offer sacrifices西域 the Western Regions战国 the Warring States中华文明 Chinese civilization文明的摇篮 cradle of civilization秦始皇统一中国 unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang鸦片战争the Opium War太平天国 the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom戌戌变法 the Reform Movement of 1898辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution新民主主义革命 New-democratic Revolution五四运动 the May 4th Movement of 1919南昌起义 Nanchang Uprising918 事变 September 18th Incident长征 the Long March西安事变 Xi"an Incident南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japan毛泽东 Mao Tse-tong孙中山 Sun Yat-sen蒋介石 Chiang Kai-shek国民党 Kuomingtang中华人民共和国 the People’s Republic of China (PRC)满族 Manchu蒙古人Mongol士大夫 scholar-officials学者 scholar诗人 poet政治家statesman社会地位social status中国社会多元文化论 cultural pluralism文化适应 acculturation社会保障 social security班车 shuttle bus相定迁户 a relocated unit or household大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age 独生子女 the only child in a family单亲 single parent福利彩票 welfare lotteries家政服务 household management service民工 migrant laborers名人 celebrity农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers青春期 puberty全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查 nationwide census社会保险 social insurance暂住证 temporary residence permit/card青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency性骚扰 sexual harassment走私 smuggling*性别歧视 gender/sexual discrimination年龄歧视 age discrimination工作歧视 job discrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲 illiteracy贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor盗版 pirated/illegal copies一国两制 One Country, Two Systems三个代表 the Three Represents Theory两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)南南合作 South-South Cooperation南北对话 North-South Dialog人大常委会 People’s Congress Standing Committee法制观念 awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放 reform and opening-up公务员 civil servants官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work和谐并存 harmonious coexistence计划生育 family planning计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning 4青才申文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization居委会 neighborhood committee科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展 sustainable development廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency两岸关系 cross-straits relations两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations领土完整 territorial integrity民族精神 national spirit普选制 general election system求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization小康社会 a well-off society小康水平 a well-off standard一个中国原则 the one-China principle与时俱进 keep pace with the times综合国力 overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”（战略）going global不结盟 non-alignment单边主义 unilateralism多边政策 multilateralism多极世界 multipolar world人口老龄化 aging of population人口出生率birth rate社区月服务 community service道德法庭 court of ethics盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校 night school for adults在职进修班 on-job training courses政治思想教育 political and ideological education毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate充电 update one’s knowledge初等教育 elementary education大学城 college town大学社区 college community高等教育 higher education高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering师范学院 teachers’ college; normal college高分低能 high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招 the college expansion plan教育界 education circle教育投入 input in education九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education考研take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools多元文化论culturalpluralism文化适应 acculturation社会保障 social security班车 shuttle bus相定迁户 a relocated unit or household大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age 独生子女 the only child in a family单亲 single parent福利彩票 welfare lotteries家政服务 household management service民工 migrant laborers名人 celebrity农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers青春期 puberty全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查 nationwide census社会保险 social insurance暂住证 temporary residence permit/card青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency性骚扰 sexual harassment走私 smuggling*性另歧视 gender/sexual discrimination年龄歧视 age discrimination工作歧视 job discrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲 illiteracy贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor盗版 pirated/illegal copies一国两制 One Country, Two Systems三个代表 the Three Represents Theory两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)南南合作 South-South Cooperation南北对话 North-South Dialog人大常委会 People’s Congress Standing Committee法制观念 awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放 reform and opening-up公务员 civil servants官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work和谐并存 harmonious coexistence计划生育 family planning计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning 居委会 neighborhood committee科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展 sustainable development廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency两岸关系 cross-straits relations两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations领土完整 territorial integrity民族精神 national spirit普选制 general election system求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization小康社会 a well-off society小康水平 a well-off standard一个中国原则 the one-China principle与时俱进 keep pace with the times综合国力 overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”（战略）going global不结盟 non-alignment单边主义 unilateralism多边政策 multilateralism多极世界 multipolar world人口老龄化 aging of population人口出生率birth rate社区月服务 community service道德法庭 court of ethics盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校 night school for adults在职进修班 on-job training courses政治思想教育 political and ideological education毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate充电 update one’s knowledge初等教育 elementary education大学城 college town大学社区 college community高等教育 higher education高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering师范学院 teachers’ college; normal college高分低能 high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招 the college expansion plan教育界 education circle教育投入 input in education九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动 extracurricular activities必修课 required/compulsory course选修课 elective/optional course基础课 basic courses专业课 specialized courses课程表 school schedule教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus学习年限 period of schooling学历 record of formal schooling学分 credit启发式教学 heuristic teaching人才交流 talent exchange人才战 competition for talented people商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC)适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate硕博连读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study素质教育 quality-oriented education填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching希望工程Project Hope走读生 extern; non-resident student住宿生boarder研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student)应届毕业生 graduating student; current year’s graduate校园数字化 campus digitalization校园文化 campus culture学汉语热 enthusiasm in learning Chinese学历教育 education with record of formal schooling学龄儿重school-ager学前教育 preschool education学生减负 alleviate the burden on students应试教育 exam-oriented education职业道德 work ethics; professional ethics记者招待会press conference国家教委 State Education Commission国家统计局 State Statistical Bureau职业培训job training职业文盲 functional illiterate智力引进 recruit/introduce (foreign) talents智商 intelligence quotient (IQ)助学行动 activity to assist the impoverished students网络世界cyber world网络文化cyber culture网络犯罪cyber crime网上购物 online shopping高产优质 high yield and high quality高科技园 high-tech park工业园区 industrial park火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)信息港info port信息革命 information revolution电子货币e-currency人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI)生物技术 bio-technology克隆 cloning基因工程 genetic engineering转基因食品 genetically modified food (GM food)试管婴儿 test-tube baby基因哭变 genetic mutation网络出版e-publishing三维电影 three-dimensional movie光谷 optical valley虚拟银行virtual bank信息化 informationization信息高速公路 information superhighway新兴学科 new branch of science; emerging discipline纳米 nanometer个人数字助理 personal digital assistant (PDA)生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture技术密集产品 technology-intensive product数码科技 digital technology同步卫星 geostationary satellite神舟五号载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou V登月舱 lunar module多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)多媒体短信服务 Multimedia Messaging Service ( MMS)电子商务 e-business; e-commerce电子管理e-management办公自动化 Office Automation (OA)信息高地 information highland信息检索 information retrieval电话会议 teleconference无土栽培 soilless cultivation超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice科技发展 scientific and technological advancement重点项目key project国家重点工程 national key projects南水北调 South-to-North water diversion西电东送 West-East electricity transmission project西气东输 West-East natural gas transmission project网络造谣 fabricating online rumors恶意侵害他人名誉 maliciously harming the reputation of others 停止月服务 closure/shutdown of service公司歇业 closure of business道路封闭road closure人为操作差错 man-made operational mistakes生态系统 ecosystem森林生态系统forest ecosystem海洋生态系统marine ecosystem垄断价格 to monopolize the price垄断市场 to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market限购私用汽车 to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use 汽车限购 vehicle purchase restrictions汽车购买配额 vehicle purchase quotas车牌摇号 a lottery for license plates牌照单双号限行 odd-even license plate system黑名单制度 a blacklist system执业医师 practicing physician; licensed doctors二代身份证 2nd-generation ID cards防伪技术 anti-forgery technology非法交易 illegal transaction冒名顶替 identification fraud洗钱 money laundering挂失 to report the loss补办 to re-apply/post-register户籍 household registration居住证 residence permit山洪暴发flash floods水位 water level低洼地区 low-lying areas淹没农田 to inundate crops大桥崩塌 bridge collapse最严重受灾地区 worst-hit/worst-stricken area直接经济损失direct economic loss应急系统 emergency response system闯红灯 running red light遮挡、污损号牌 blocking or defacing license plates扣分处罚point penalty酒驾 drunk driving终身禁驾 lifetime ban from driving。
英语翻译与写作常用动宾短语
一、政治类：1、日益昌盛become increasingly prosperous2、快速发展develop rapidly3、隆重集会gather ceremoniously4、热爱和平love peace5、追求进步pursue progress6、履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations7、回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle8、展望伟大征程look into the great journey9、充满信心和力量be filled with confidence and strength10、必胜be bound to win11、主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to take action12、和平共处coexist peacefully13、对内开放和对外开放open up both externally and internally14、经历两个不同时期experience two different periods15、战胜无数困难overcome numerous difficulties16、赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another17、完全意识到be fully aware that18、迈出重要一步make an important step19、采取各种措施adopt various measures20、得出结论，告一段落draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion21、实现民族独立realize national independence22、追求真理seek the truth23、建立社会主义制度establish a socialist system24、根除(防止、消除)腐败root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption25、响应号召respond to the call26、进入新时期enter a new period27、实行新政策practice new policies28、展现生机和活力display one's vigor and vitality29、增强综合国力enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and和国际竟争力international competitiveness30、进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the world31、解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing32、吸收各国文明先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations33、与日俱增increase every day34、实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes35、必将实现be bound to come true36、锻造一支人民军队forge a people's army37、建立巩固国防build a strong national defense38、进行和谈hold peace talks39、修改法律amend the laws40、在……中起（至关）重要作用 play a major(crucial, an important ) role in41、对……做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )contributions to42、遵循规则follow the principles43、把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice...44、把……作为指导take...as the guide45、缓和紧张状况ease the tension46、高举伟大旗帜hold high the great banner47、解决新问题resolve new problems48、观察当今世界observe the present-day world49、开拓前进open up new ways forward50、增强凝聚力enhance the rally power51、结束暴力，开始和平谈判end the violence and resume peace talks52、进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment53、开始生效go into effect / enter into force54、就……接受妥协accept a compromise on55、接受……采访be interviewed by56、把……看成社会公敌look upon...as a threat to society57、把……捐给慈善机构donate...to charities58、维护世界和平maintain world peace59、摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness60、实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity61、反对各种形式恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrorism62、宣布……召开announce the opening of63、对……具有深远影响have a far-reaching impact on64、面对……明显缺陷face up to the obvious defects of65、保护妇女权利不受侵犯guarantee（protect ）women's rights against infringement二、经济类1、给……带来机遇和挑战present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to2、给……带来积极影响bring a more positive impact on...3、给予财政资助support financially4、有巨大潜力have huge potential for5、开发/ 青睐中国市场tap / favor the Chinese market6、申请专利apply for a patent7、阻碍……经济发展handicap (hamper) the economic development8、增加农业投入invest more in agriculture9、有望达到（上升到）be expected to reach (rise to, be up to)10、造成很大压力pose a big pressure on11、占领市场10% occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market12、缩小……间距离narrow the gap between13、加快经济发展和结构调整speed up economic development and restructuring14、夺回失去市场take back lost market15、减轻……负担reduce (lighten) the burden of (on)16、采取反垄断措施take anti-monopoly measures to17、加快努力speed up efforts to18、在……建立分公司set up branches in19、促进改革promote reform20、面对可能压力和竞争face possible pressure and competition21、充分利用make full use of22、把……列为基本国策list...as fundamental national policies23、发挥自身优势give full play to one's advantages24、开拓市场exploit markets25、扩大消费市场expand consumption market26、改善投资环境improve the environment for investment27、加强风险防范prepare oneself against possible risks28、扩大贫富差距widen the gap between the rich and the poor29、为……提供巨大商机present huge business opportunities30、快速稳定增长grow fast and steadily31、让……处于同一起跑线put... on the same platform and at the same starting point 32、赶超先进surpass the advanced33、遵循市场经济规律follow the law of market economy34、根据市场作出调整gear ourselves to the market orientation35、牟取暴利seek excessive profits36、做好充分准备make good preparations for37、对……造成／构成威胁form ／posea threat to...38、和……合作cooperate with39、和……进一步合作further cooperation with40、提高公务员工资raise the salaries of civil servants41、计算出准确工资水平figure out an exact salary level42、和……有合作关系have cooperative ties with43、从国外引进先进技术introduce from abroad the advanced technology和管理经验and management expertise44、优胜劣汰select the superior and eliminate the inferior45、保证下岗职工基本生活guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers46、取缔非法收入ban unlawful incomes (ban illegal earnings)47、深化改革deepen the reform48、控制通货膨胀control inflation (keep inflation under control)49、让位于竞争需要give way to the need for competition50、向……投资巨额资金invest huge amounts of money into51、损失惨重suffer great losses52、制造假象create smoke screens to do53、陷入困境land oneself in deep trouble54、吸引外商投资attract foreign investment55、抓住机遇seize opportunities56、适应……发展adapt oneself to the development of57、被指控接受贿赂be accused of accepting bribes58、和……达成（签订）协议reach（sign）an agreement with59、促进地区间合作promote regional cooperation60、退还大量钱款give back an amount of money61、举报非法行为disclose any illegal activities62、筹集足够资金raise enough funds63、采取不同办法adopt various methods64、承担风险bear (take) risk65、创收外汇earn foreign exchange (currency)66、活跃市场enliven the market67、造成损失cause a loss to68、十分重视attach importance to69、制订……法律make a law of (to)70、大力发展strive to develop71、提高居民生活improve residents' standard of living72、提高管理水平raise the management level73、加强管理reinforce the management74、完善服务perfect services75、刺激国内需求stimulate domestic demand76、打破垄断break the monopoly77、加快竞争步伐accelerate the competition78、为当地人带来多种经济bring multiple economic and social benefits to the local 和社会效益people79、优先发展公共运输give priority to the development of public transportation80、调整产业结构adjust the industrial structure三、文化类1、消除愚昧eliminate ignorance2、扫除文盲eliminate wipe out illiteracy3、营造良好文化环境create a healthy cultural environment4、促进文化市场健康发展facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products5、开展对外文化交流conduct cultural exchange with other countries6、博采各国文化之长draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries7、开展群众性文化活动carry out mass activities on culture8、保护文化遗产protect cultural heritage9、继承历史文化优秀传统carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions10、繁荣文学艺术enable literature and art to flourishpromote flourishing literature and art11、举行每年一次学术会议hold an annual academic meeting12、尊重知识，尊重人才respect knowledge and respect competent people13、向世界展示中国文化introduce China's achievements of cultural advancement to建设成就the world14、加强文化基础设施建设build more cultural establishments15、提倡文明生活方式advocate civilized lifestyle(way of life)16、不注重历史neglect history17、推动人类文明进步push forward human civilization18、对……持欢迎态度take a welcoming attitude to19、与各国人民交往communicate with people of all countries20、和……持相同观点share views similar to21、促进儿童身心健康发展promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally22、改进教学improve teaching and learning23、保护文化遗产protect cultural relics24、触击现行法律盲区touch a blank area of the existing law25、增强自我保护意识strengthen one's awareness of protecting one's right26、列为世界自然文化遗产list...as a world natural heritage site27、以全新面貌进入新世纪enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look28、普及科普知识，传播科学popularize scientific and technological knowledge, spread思想，倡导科学精神scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit29、提高公务员综合素质improve the overall quality of civil servants30、通过资格考试pass qualification examinations31、举办文化节/ 展览会hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals / an exhibition32、普及九年制义务教育make nine-year compulsory education universal33、精心编写教材compile the textbooks with great care34、承担应有义务undertake the due obligations35、促进相互了解enhance (further) mutual understanding36、相互促进help each other forward37、互派访问学者exchange visiting scholars38、交换意见exchange views (ideas, opinions)39、反映中国灿烂文化reflect the rich culture of China40、容纳三千名旅客accommodate 3000 passengers41、发挥……聪明才智develop one's own talents and wisdom42、充分发挥知识分子give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals 积极性和创造性43、开设课程offer courses44、重视实用性place stress on practicality45、制止盗版软件control the pirated software46、提供受教育机会offer a chance of education47、有力地推动教育发展give a big push to the development of education48、承前启后，继往开来build on the past and prepare for the future；inherit the past and usher in the future49、物质文明,精神文明一起抓pay equal attention to the material progress and cultural progress50、形成文明、健康、崇尚form civilized, healthy and science - upholding social practice四、生态环保类1、保护和改善生活和生态环境protect and improve the living environment and the ecological environment2、保护珍贵动植物protect rare animals and plants3、普及环保知识popularize environmental protection knowledge4、增强环境意识enhance the awareness of the importance of (raise the consciousness about) environmental protection5、改善生态环境improve the eco-environment6、加强生态建设improve the eco-construction7、防治污染prevent and control pollution8、加强水土保持reinforce the conservation of water and soil9、加强城市绿化strengthen the greening of the city10、提高环境管理水平raise the environmental management level11、享受国家一级保护enjoy first-class protection of the State12、加强环境保护strengthen environmental protection13、保持生态平衡keep ecological balance14、创造良好生态环境create a pleasant ecological environment15、采用环保技术adopt environmental protection technique16、开展保护野生动物advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals宣传教育17、开展绿色活动advocate green activities18、为大量野生动植物提供栖息地provide habitats for a huge number of wild animalsand plants19、为人类提供水和食物supply water and food for human beings20、非常注重保护森林pay great attention to the conservation of forest21、产生巨大水文效应produce great hydrological effects22、引发一系列问题result in a series of problems23、帮助减缓全球变暖速度help slow down the pace of global warming24、保留为自然耕地reserve as natural farmland25、提高居民环保和生态意识improve residents environmental and ecological awareness26、进一步加快环保规划further speed up environmental protection plans27、完善城市基础设施建设perfect the construction of urban infrastructure28、促进城市可持续发展promote the sustainable development of the city29、符合举办奥运会要求meet the requirements of hosting the Olympic Games30、扩建管道网络expand the pipe network31、淘汰或改造燃煤锅炉eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers32、禁止露天焚烧prohibit burning out in the open33、发展太阳能develop solar energy34、提高清洁能源比重increase the supply of clean energy resources35、减少机动车辆reduce the number of vehicles36、使用清洁能源burn clean fuel37、实行严格机动车排放标准implement strict vehicle emission standards38、关闭化工厂close chemical plants39、减少浪费reduce waste40、加大污染治理力度strengthen pollution control41、治理沙地和水土流失问题tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion42、加强珍稀野生动植物保护工作protect rare wild animals and plants43、崇尚绿色生活方式pursue a green life44、使用再生纸use recycle paper45、参加环保运动take part in environmental protection activities46、坚持门前三包制度adhere to the three responsibilities in the gate area47、参加城市重建participate in the reconstruction of the city48、注重节约资源attach importance to saving resources49、采用新开采方法apply new exploitation methods50、削减污物排放decrease the disposal of pollutants五、人口类1、进行全国人口普查carry out national population census2、总人口为…… have a population of...3、缩小代沟narrow the gap4、重视人口老年化问题pay attention to the problem of an aging population5、调查性和婚姻状况conduct a survey on sex and marriage6、展示明显差异display a marked difference7、反映人们私生活reflect people's private lives8、占总人口10% account for 10% of the total population9、实现向低出生、低死亡、低自然bring about a transition to the modern population增长现代人口再生产reproduction pattern characterized by a low birth rate，类型转变low death rate and low natural growth rate10、过孤独生活lead an isolated life11、城市人口比例上升the population of urban residents rose by...12、征求父母意见ask for her parents' opinion13、造成不同思想和观念result in a different ideology and concepts14、对子女寄予厚望pin great hopes on their children15、享受优越生活条件enjoy good living condition16、挣零花钱earn their pocket money17、逐渐削弱长辈权威undermine the authority of the older generation18、不服从父母disobey their parents19、人口死亡率下降…… the death rate of the population decrease from...to...20、居民平均预期寿命提高he people's life - expectancy on average is raised21、正确处理经济发展同人口correctly handle the relationship of economic资源、环境关系development versus（with ）population，natural resources and environment22、鼓励创建文明家庭encourage the idea of "Civilized Families"23、拒绝生小孩refuse to have a child24、提出离婚ask for a divorce25、和睦相处live in harmony26、倡导人力资源管理advocate the management of human resources27、损害人类社会道德观damage the morality of human society28、开辟人类历史新纪元start a new chapter in the history of human29、禁止他人作克隆人实验inhibit others from doing human cloning experiments30、造福人类和科学benefit mankind and science31、控制人口数量(增长) control the population size (growth)32、控制人口出生率control birth rate33、提高人口素质improve the population quality34、晚婚晚育marry late and have children late(delayed marriage and delayed child bearing )35、优化人口结构optimize the population structure36、优生优育bear and rear better children37、尊重和保障人权respect and guarantee human rights38、维护和促进人民生存权safeguard and promote the people's rights to subsistence 和发展权and development39、提倡晚婚晚育encourage late marriage and late childbirth40 坚持计划生育基本国策stick to the basic state policy for family planning六、体育类1、创立更多（新）世界纪录set more (a new) world record2、抢得六个篮板球，助攻六次have six rebounds and six assists3、向世界顶级球队学习learn from the world's top teams4、展示中国足球最新发展demonstrate (show) the latest development of China's soccer5、满意抽签结果satisfy with the draw6、取得世界杯决赛资格qualify for the World Cup finals7、标志一个历史时刻mark a historic time8、角逐世界杯compete for the World Cup9、避免与……比赛avoid playing against10、面对强手face strong rivals11、挑选选手choose players12、与强队竞争compete with strong teams13、抓住练习和学习机会grasp the chance to practise and learn14、表现完美give some very good performance15、同教练反应一致share the same reaction with their coach16、取得经验gain experience17、展示技能demonstrate their skills18、打败比利时队defeat Belgium19、获得团体冠军win the team title20、充当中国国家队主教练serve as the head coach of the Chinese national team21、急于获胜gain an eagerness to win22、实行11分、五战三胜制play under the 11-point, best-of-five-sets format23、主办中国大学生篮球联赛sponsor the China University Basketball Association league24、吸引中国大学生优秀选手attract China's top university players25、获得认可gain recognition26、打破恶性循环break the wretched cycle27、采取新计分方法adopt a new scoring system28、更具进攻性become more aggressive29、失去男子单打冠军miss out on men's singles gold30、与对手较量take on an opponent31、参加热身赛take part in a key warm-up game32、建立职业联赛和俱乐部set up a professional league and clubs33、主办2008年奥运会host the 2008 Olympic Games34、提高中国队水平raise the level of the Chinese team35、支持北京申办2008年奥运会support Beijing's bid for the 2008 Olympic Games36、参加申办活动participate in the bidding campaign37、蹦dance in discos38、提出比赛建议make comments on the contests39、反对使用兴奋剂oppose the use of performance-enhancing drugs40、增进友谊strengthen friendship41、为奥林匹克运动做出贡献make contribution to the Olympics movement and world peace42、配备各种设施furnish and equip with all facilities43、超过世界记录surpass the world record44、参加火炬接力participate in the torch-relay45、达到国际体育标准reach the standard for international games46、成为国家骄傲become the pride of the nation47、使中国以3:2取胜give the Chinese a 3-2 victory48、确保中国进入决赛ensure China's appearance in the final49、鸣笛终止比赛blow a whistle to stop the end of the match50、打破世界纪录break the world record (for swimming )。
英语翻译各单元必会英汉互译词组
英语翻译－各单元必会英汉互译词组Lesson 11. fellow countrymen 同胞2. average height 中等身材3. gleaming eyes 闪光的眼睛4. in his middle twenties 二十多岁5. to be seated 招呼坐下6. stand squarely 端端正正地站着7. more than ten years his junior 比他年轻十几岁8. revolutionary road 革命道路9. Chinese communist Party 中国共产党10. full member 正式成员11. membership 党籍12. keep a secret 保密Lesson 21. immeasurable contrast 迥然不同2. to and fro 走来走去3. upturn face 仰着脸4. sweet spring 芬芳的春天5. anger and bitterness 又气愤又苦恼6. dense fog 大雾7. tense and anxious 紧张而焦急8. 五一的下午on the afternoon of May 1st9. 无言的呼唤wordless cry10. 探测绳sounding-lineLesson 31. 各种流派的different schools2. 前两天a few days ago3. 受限制be restricted/be subjected to4. 传统观念traditional thinking5. 不合理的制度irrational system6. 最高境界the highest state7. 浓妆艳抹heavy make up8. 主人公chief character/principal character9. 花言巧语flowery language10. 社会进步和人性发展social progress and human developmentLesson 41. 工业革命Industrial Revolution2. 多功能的机器multi-purpose machine3. 出于自愿和兴趣on one’s own account, out of interest4. 新兴城市the rising town5. 大胆的举止in a bolder manner6. 实干家practical man7. 交通动脉arteries of communication8. in the air 传说中，酝酿中9. source of power 能源10. outstanding feature 突出特点Lesson 51. 极西地带far west2. 山区mountainous regions3. 永久定居permanent settlement4. 为…打下基础lay foundations for5. 专门从事devote exclusively to6. 合法手续legal title7. establish communities 建立村镇8. stock-raising 养殖畜牧业9. open public domain 开放的公共地带10. regular event 常事11. high plains 高原12. criss-crossed 纵横交错Lesson 61. 新民主主义new democracy2. 五四运动the May 4th Movement3. 辛亥革命the Revolution of 19114. 革命知识分子revolutionary intellectuals5. 帝国主义imperialist6. 无产阶级proletariat7. 在…的号召下at the call of8. 小资产阶级知识分子petty-bourgeois intellectuals9. 统一战线的革命运动the revolutionary movement of a united front10. 平民文学literature for the common people11. 北伐战争the Northern Expedition12. 右翼the rightwingLesson 71. life-giving 赋予生命2. everlastingly 无穷无尽的3. the Nile Delta 尼罗河三角洲4. freshly harvested 刚割的5. Mediterranean 地中海6. the Pyramids 金字塔7. negative effects 不良的后果8. a ghost town 鬼城；被遗弃的荒芜的城镇9. brightly painted 颜色鲜艳的10. member of a team 队员11. 河流入海口the mouth of the river12. 水坝发电power generated by the dam Lesson 81. Mt. Lofty Ranges 洛夫蒂岭山2. average annual rainfall 平均年降雨量3. surveyor general 测量总监4. business district 商业区5. residential section 住宅区6. municipal government 自治政府7. lord mayoralty 市长的职位8. mineral deposit 矿藏9. marketing centre 贸易中心10. automobile components 汽车部件11. 地中海型气候Mediterranean climate12. 文艺节Festival of ArtsLesson 91. Palace Museum 故宫博物院2. walled courtyard 带围墙的院子3. watchtower 更楼4. complete group o f ancient buildings 完整的古代建筑群5. ravages of time 时间的摧残6. ancient Chinese architecture古代中国建筑7. historical sites 历史遗址8. cobbled roadway 鹅卵石路9. Golden Water Bridge 金水桥10. typical masterpiece 具有代表意义的杰作Lesson 101. global economy 全球性的经济2. sovereign nation 主权国家3. mutual prosperity 共同繁荣4. sum total 总数，总额5. foreign investment 外国投资6. per capita GNP 人均国民生产总值7. 沿海地区coastal areas8. 平均率average rate9. 电力生产electrical production10. 双边贸易two way trade11. 外汇foreign exchange12. 生活水平standard of livingLesson 111. marine insurance 海事保险2. flows of capital资本流动3. foreign exchange dealing 外汇交易4. outward investor 对外投资者5. Pacific region 太平洋地区6. the right climate for 良好的环境7. vast size and resources 地大物博8. to take a real interest in sth. 密切关注某事9. coastal city 沿海城市10. international community 国际社会11. entrepreneurial spirit 进取精神12. 对外开放政策the policy of opening to the outside world13. 世界投资体系world investment system14. 经济改革economic reformsLesson 121. 基本方针basic principle2. 自给自足self-sufficiency3. 客观有利因素favorable objective factors4. 生产条件production condition5. 耕地cultivated land6. 中、低产田medium-and-low-yield land7. 灌溉面积irrigated areas8. 宜农荒地arable land9. 复种指数multiple crop index10. 水利工程water-control projects11. 单位面积产量the yield per unit area12. 粮食总产量目标total grain output target Lesson 131. agonizing flashback 痛苦的回忆2. come and go 霎时即去3. property damage 财产损失4. monotonous 单调的，枯燥的5. flash-flooding 暴雨成灾6. to imprint on one’s mind 印在某人的脑海里7. scare tactic 吓唬人的办法8. power of nature 大自然的力量9. river bed 河床10. to give sth. much thought 仔细想某事11. 无情的relentless12. 雨季rainy seasonLesson 141. maternal grandfather 外祖父2. the flower of one’s youth 风华正茂3. popular science 科普读物4. undue absorption in the past 过分地怀念过去5. sucking vigor 汲取力量6. live one’s own life 独立生活7. the founder of Girton College 戈登学院的创办人8. clinging to youth 与年轻人呆在一起9. 过去的好时光the good old days10. 高等教育higher educationLesson 151. 旧梦重温going through old dreams2. 儿童出版社Children press3. 散文集collection of essays4. 丝绸之路the Silk Road5. 历史古迹the historic sites6. 大英博物馆the British Museum7. 简单的早餐simple breakfast8. 花坛flower bad9. 斗兽场arena10. 教皇PopeLesson 161. market-day 赶集的日子2.Sir John约翰爵士3.the renowned knight 著名的武士4.county history郡志5. lineal representative of the ancient family 古老世家的嫡派子孙Lesson 171. drug store 杂货店2. meticulously dressed 精心打扮，穿着讲究，一点不马虎3. tentative and uncertain manner 试探和踌躇的举止4.sb.’s face suddenly brighten 某人的脸上突然露出喜色Lesson 181. 初冬early winter2. 做中间人的；做中人的the go-between3. 月白色的pale green4. 祥林嫂Xianglin’s wife5. 试工期trial period6. 严厉的婆婆strict mother-in-law7. 打柴cut wood8. 熬夜to sit up9. 福礼sacrificial meat10.不惜力气not sparing oneself Lesson 191. a narrow swale 狭长的洼地2. the birth and death of the day 每一天的诞生和死亡3. the range of mountain 山脉4. mind and twist 蜿蜒5. a kind of invitation 殷勤邀请6. a beloved mother 亲爱的母亲7. dread of畏惧8. canyon峡谷9. sand bank 沙案10. part-time river 季节性河流Lesson 201. a far cry from 完全不同2. self-assurance 自信3. sober-faced 沉静的；镇静的4. odd-shaped 怪样子的5. well-mannered silence 规规矩矩，一声不响6. sailor suit 水手服7. the ice was broken 打破了僵局8. in unison 齐声；一致9. stare at sb. 凝视某人10. all of a sudden 突然11. resonant voice 洪亮的声音Lesson 211. 拉家带口be saddled with big family2. 拉排字车pull a hand cart3. 腊月二十三the twenty-third of the twelfth lunar month4. 前台front stage5. 小买卖人a peddler6. 养家to support the family7. 喊嗓子to practice singing8. 零工odd jobs9. 排队queue up10. 落汤鸡a drowned rat11. it rains cats and dogs 瓢泼大雨12. no show, no pay 不响锣，不给钱Lesson 221. mineral oil 矿物油2. onboard ship 在船上3. on shore 在岸上4. at chemist’s 在药店5. internal combustion engine 内燃机6. carriage drawn by the horse 马车7. be superior to 优于；好于8. in this respect 在这方面9. a thin file of oil 薄薄的一层油10. oil-burning lamp 油灯Lesson 231. superhighway 高速公路2. applied entomology 应用昆虫学3. living organisms 生物体4. an insect-free world 无昆虫的世界5. now and again 有时6. right to know 知情权7. science of biotic controls 生物控制学8. turn one’s back on 拒绝；冷眼相看9. entomologist 昆虫学家10. geneticist 遗传学家Lesson 241. 自然资源natural resources2. 人均per capita3. 淡水资源freshwater resources4. 长期的long-term5. 国民经济national economy6. 战略任务strategic task7. 大陆架continental shelves8. 专属经济区遣exclusive economic zones9. 海洋生物sea creature10. 低纬度low latitude11. 沉积盆地sedimentation basin12. 海洋旅游业marine tourismLesson 251. environmental law 环保法2. noise pollution 噪声污染3. public concerns 公众关注4. industrial pollutions 工业污染5. federal law 联邦法6. vaguely worded 措辞含糊7. court of appeals 上诉法院8. to grant a license 颁发许可证9. natural beauty 自然美10. Federal power Commission 联邦电力委员会Lesson 261. The Contracting States 成员国；缔约国2. copyright 版权3. universal convention 世界公约4. international understanding 国际间的了解5. domestic legislation 国内立法6. as follows如下7. unpublished works 未出版的作品8. works of the human mind 人类精神产品Lesson 271. 中外合资经营企业Chinese -Foreign Equity Joint Venture2. 经济合作economic cooperation3. 技术交流technological exchange4. 平等互利的原则principle of equality and mutual benefit5. 公共利益public interest6. 有限责任公司a limited liability company7. 注册资本. Registered capital8. 工业产权industrial property rights9. 先进技术advanced technology10. 董事会board of directors11. 总会计师treasurer12. 审计师auditor13. 储备基金reserve fund14. 外汇账户foreign exchange account Lesson 281. toast 祝酒词2. common ground 共同点3. differences 分歧4. magnificent dinner 盛大晚宴5．Compromise 妥协；让步6．Welcoming banquet 欢迎宴会7．Telecommunicate 电讯8．Prime minister 总理Lesson 291. full diplomatic relations 正式外交关系2. the Long March 长征3. the policies of reform and opening to the outside world 改革和对外开放政策4. Sino-American relationship 中美关系5. historically significant experiment 具有历史意义的尝试6. developing country 发展中国家7．Developed country 发达国家8．International affairs 国际事务9．Scientific exchange 科学交流10．National security policy 国家安全政策Lesson 301. 金秋时节golden fall2. 学术交流academic exchange3. 加强合作to promote cooperation4. 历史文化传统historical and cultural traditions5. 深刻的影响a profound impact6. 生化方式way of life7. 民族团结ethnic harmony; ethnic solidarity8. 区域自治regional autonomy 9. 民族精神national spirit10. 周边环境neighboring environment11. 和平共处peaceful coexistence12.互相尊重mutual respect13.平等互利equality and mutual benefit14.互不干涉内政non-interference15.振兴中华rejuvenation of China。
大学英语四六级英语翻译语言知识整理
大学英语四六级汉译英韩中元⊙编著语言知识整理册一、主语选择1.formerly agricultural society 从前的农业社会2.the 12th month of the lunar calendar 腊月3.The happiness new-year celebration pervades the streets. 街头充满了过年的气氛4.seek relief from previous year’s weariness with entertainment 借着各种游乐节目来调剂一年来的辛劳5.new year scrolls 春联6.rhythmic words give encouragement 优美的词句提供了勉励7.Long distance never separate close friends. 相知无远近，万里尚为邻。
8.linked and intertwined by mountains and rivers 山水相连9.build a splendid Asian civilization 铸就灿烂的亚洲文明10.The ancient Silk Road recorded/witnessed great chapters in the history of exchange between China and Europe in previous millennia. 古老的“丝绸之路”谱写了中欧往来千年的美好篇章11.march into a brand-new era of cooperation and mutual benefit 互利合作正在步入一个全新的阶段12.devote itself to building dynamic, stable and long-term cooperation in various fields 发展富有活力长期稳定的全面合作关系13.in a concerted effort 相互支持14.attain a brighter future 共创美好的未来15.Euro-Asian cooperation 亚欧合作16.quadrangle courtyard 四合院17.ancient family hierarchy 家庭成员的的长幼有序18.principal room 正房19.wing-room 厢房20.seniority 辈分21.boast 自夸22.entrant 参加者23.solemnity 庄严24.nobleness 高贵25.westernize 西化26.preserve their good traditional ways of living 生活方式保持着过去的优良传统27.cultural desert 文化沙漠28.diversified 多样化的29.rank among the top 名列前茅30.be attributed to造就，归因于31.cultural setting 文化氛围32.film-making 电影制作33.have an extensive influence among 在……之中有广泛影响34.art carnival 艺术嘉年华35.provide a broad stage for 提供广泛的平台36.exhibit one’s originality 展示某人的独特性37.get involved in the production of cultural and art works 参与艺术文化创作38.foster innovation and breakthrough for... 为……作出创新和贡献39.the prosperity of... ……的繁荣二、无主句的翻译1.numerous volumes of literature 浩如烟海的文化典籍2.approach...from different angles 从许多不同的视角来看……3.It’s necessary/essential/imperative/important to// There’s a necessity 必须……4.Chinese ancients 古人5.run one’s families 把自己的家治理好6.work for the country 替国家做事7.the union of a man and a woman 一男一女的结合8.the foundation of society 社会的基础9.be treated with solemnity 把……当作很庄重的事10.without the least rashness 一点也不马虎11.marriage arrangements 婚姻12.choose one’s spouse 选择对象13.match maker 媒人14.with the assent of 由……同意，征求……同意15.the adoption of the reform and opening up policy 改革开放16.witness tremendous changes which attracted worldwide attention 变化之大令世人瞩目17.stable social order 社会秩序稳定18.peaceful and contended life for its people 人民安居乐业19.present a scene of great prosperity 呈现出一篇繁华景象20.have many remnants of its colorful past for people to ponder over 有着不少色彩斑斓的过去可以留恋和回味21.ever-changing outlook 日新月异的面貌22.fill people with great admiration 令人折服23.exhibit glorious past 展示光辉岁月24.unfold its bright future 展现美的前景25.the rising sun 红日26.shine with boundless radiance and brilliant color 光芒四射，鲜艳夺目27.invite experts to advise them in feng shui principles 请人看风水28.seem to be superstitious 看似迷信29.somehow make sense 并非没有道理30.mar the harmony of nature 破坏大自然的和谐31.blend into nature 与大自然融为一体32.feel confined in cages 感觉被关在笼子里33.live in serene nature 生活在宁静的大自然里34.face the south 坐北朝南35.have warm sunshine in winter and cool breezes in summer 接受冬天的阳光和夏日的清风36.be comfortable for accommodation 住在里面很舒服37.One prospers in worries and hardships, while perishing in ease and comfort. 生于忧患，死于安乐。
大学英语六级改革适用(段落翻译)-试卷231
大学英语六级改革适用（段落翻译）-试卷231(总分：12.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Translation(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.Part Ⅳ Translation（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.城镇化进程(urbanization process)是指由农业为主的乡村社会向以工业和服务业为主的城市社会逐渐转变的历史过程。
作为一种社会现象和历史现象，城镇化既体现了物质文明的进步。
也促进了精神文明的发展。
改革开放以来，中国逐步放开了对人口流动的控制，大量的农村劳动力涌向城市。
近年来，中国的城镇化进程逐渐加快。
截止到2012年末。
中国的城镇人口总数达到7．12亿，城镇化率超过了50％。
中国城镇化发展还将持续几十年，将产生巨大的住宅需求和基础性建设 (infrastructure construction)需求。
（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： The urbanization process refers to a historical process in which the agriculture-based rural society is gradually transformed into the urban society dominated by industry and service. As a social and historical phenomenon, urbanization embodies the advancement of material civilization and stimulates the development of spiritual civilization. Since the reform and opening-up, China has gradually released its control on population flow, thus a large number of rural labor swarm into the cities. In recent years, the urbanization process in China has been accelerated gradually. By the end of 2012, China had a total urban population of 712 million and the urbanization rate exceeded 50%. Urbanization in China will continue for decades, which will create immense demand in housing and infrastructure construction.)解析：解析：1．第一句的定语“由农业为主的乡村社会向以工业和服务业为主的城市社会逐渐转变的”很长，可处理成which引导的定语从句．修饰“历史过程”a historical process。
【精选】政治与经济类英语翻译词条大全
Tight financial and monetary policy从紧的金融货币政策
Moderately tight monetary policy适度从紧的货币政策
Moderately tight credit policy适度从紧的信贷政策
Reform of housing system住房制度改革
Planning system计划管理体制
Transferring the function of government转换政府职能
Open door policy开放政策
Open economy开放经济
Open-door to the outside world对外开放
Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening抓住机遇，深化改革，
wider to the rest of the world, promoting development,扩大开放，促进发展，
maintaining stability保持稳定
to the household
Narrowing the gap between the rich and poor缩小贫富差距
Eliminate poverty消除贫困
Common prosperity共同富裕
ECONOMY AND MARKET ECONOMY经济和市场经济
Socialist market economy社会主义市场经济
Demand-pull inflation需求拉动的通货膨胀
Double digit inflation两位数字通货膨胀
英语翻译词组(政治经济文化)
一、政治类：1. 日益昌盛become increasingly prosperous2. 快速发展develop rapidly3. 隆重集会gather ceremoniously4. 热爱和平love peace5. 追求进步pursue progress6. 履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations7. 回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle8. 展望伟大征程look into the great journey9. 充满信心和力量be filled with confidence and strength10. 必胜be bound to win11. 主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to take action12. 和平共处coexist peacefully13. 对内开放和对外开放open up both externally and internally14. 经历两个不同时期experience two different periods15. 战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties16. 赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another17. 完全意识到be fully aware that18. 迈出重要的一步make an important step19. 采取各种措施adopt various measures20. 得出结论,告一段落draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion21. 实现民族独立realize national independence22. 追求真理seek the truth23. 建立社会主义制度establish a socialist system24. 根除(防止,消除)腐败root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption25. 响应号召respond to the call26. 进入新时期enter a new period27. 实行新政策practice new policies28. 展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality29. 增强综合国力enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and和国际竟争力international competitiveness30. 进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the world31. 解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing32. 吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations33. 与日俱增increase every day34. 实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes35. 必将实现be bound to come true36. 锻造一支人民军队forge a people’s army37. 建立巩固的国防build a strong national defense38. 进行和谈hold peace talks39. 修改法律amend the laws40. 在．．．中起（至关）play a major的(crucial, an important ) role in重要作用41. 对．．．做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )contributions to42. 遵循规则follow the principles43. 把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice …44. 把．．．作为指导take…as the guide45. 缓和紧张状况ease the tension46. 高举伟大旗帜hold high the great banner47. 解决新问题resolve new problems48. 观察当今世界observe the present-day world49. 开拓前进open up new ways forward50. 增强凝聚力enhance the rally power51. 结束暴力，开始和平谈判end the violence and resume peace talks52. 进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment53. 开始生效go into effect / enter into force54. 就．．．接受妥协accept a compromise on55. 接受．．．的采访be interviewed by56. 把……看成社会公敌look upon …as a threat to society57. 把……捐给慈善机构donate …to charities58. 维护世界和平maintain world peace59. 摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness60. 实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity61. 反对各种形式的恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrorism62. 宣布。
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Children in the United States are exposed to many influences other than that of their families. Television is the most significant of these influences, because the habit of watching television usually begins before children start attending school. And, by the time that the average child finishes high school, he or she will have spent 18,000 hours in front of a television set as opposed to 12,000 hours in a classroom.Parents are concerned about these figures. They are also concerned about the lack of quality in television programmes for children. The degree of violence in many of these shows also worries them.Even if it is unreal — a cartoon cat beating up a cartoon mouse with a baseball bat — this violence may have a negative effect on the young minds exposed to it. Studies indicate that, when children are exposed to violence, they may become aggressive or insecure.Parents are also concerned about the commercials that their children see on television. Many parents would like to see fewer commercials during programmes for children. And some parents feel that these shows should not have commercials at all because young minds are not mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers.Educational television has no commercials and has programmes for children that many parents approve of. The most famous of these is “Sesame Street”, which tries to give preschool children a head start in learning the alphabet and numbers. It also tries to teach children useful things about the world in which they live.Even though most parents and educators give “Sesame Street” and shows like it high marks for quality, some critics argue that all television, whether educational or not, is harmful to children. These critics feel that the habit of watching hours of television a day turns children into bored and passive consumers of their world rather than encouraging them to become active explorers of it.Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What is the main idea of the passage?【解析】选[C]。
在听录音之前，预览四个选项可知本文与电视带来的负面影响有关。
至于是对哪一方面的负面影响，既要根据主题句区分，还需要根据文章内容进行辨别。
27. According to the passage, what do you think “Sesame Street” is?【解析】选[B]。
预读选项可知此题询问的是电视节目的类型。
The most famous of these is “Sesame Street”...为答案的依据，其中的these指的就是educational programmes.28. What will be the consequence if a child forms a habit of watching hours of television every day?【解析】选[A]。
预读选项可知此题询问的是They将会发生什么行为或变成怎样的状态，需要留意对动作和状态的描述。
答案依据为：These critics feel that the habit of watching hours of television day turns children into bored and passive consumers of their world rather than encouraging them to become active explorers of it. 选项[A]中bored 大概是原文中的dull，passive大概是inactive。
Passage TwoCrime has its own cycles, a magazine reported some years ago. Police records show a surprising relation between changes in the season and crime patterns.The pattern of crime has changed very little over a long period of years. Murder reaches its high during July and August, as do other violent attacks. Murder, in addition, is more than seasonal; it is a weekend crime. It is also a nighttime crime: 62 percent of murders are committed between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. One is most likely to be robbed between 6 p.m. and 2 a.m. on a Saturday night in December, January, or February. Except for one strange statistic, May is the least criminal month of all.Apparently our intellectual season cycles are completely different from our criminal patterns. Professor Huntington made a lot of studies to discover the seasons when people read serious books, attend scientific meetings, and make the highest scores on examinations. In all examples, he found a spring peak and an autumn peak separated by a summer low. On the other hand, Professor Huntington’s studies showed that June is the peak month for suicides and for admitting patients to mental hospital. June is also a peak month for marriages!Possibly, high temperature and humidity bring on our strange and surprising summer actions, but police officers are not so sure. “There are, of course, no proof of a relation between humidity and murder”, they say. “Why murder’s high time should come in the summer time we really don’t know”.Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. What is the passage mainly about?【解析】选[D]。
根据选项的概括性强、信息密集可知，本题考查短文主旨。
文章开头的Police records show a surprising relation between changes in the season and crime patterns为短文主题句，故[D]为答案。