学术英语写作Unit5Abstract

Types of abstracts
1. descriptive abstracts: mainly direct to the original document and simply identifies basic subject of article.
2. informative abstracts: give much information about the original, summarizing the principal arguments and giving the principal arguments and summarizing the principal data.
Unit 5 Abstract
What is an abstract? Types of abstracts Why write an abstract? What should the abstract include? How do you write an abstract? What is the style of an abstract? An outline for writing an abstract Common problems in writing an abstract Difference between an abstract and an introduction The Tricks, Conclusion of the lecture
The descriptive abstract, also known as the limited abstract or the indicative abstract, provides a description of what the paper covers without delving into its substance. A descriptive abstract is similar a table of contents in paragraph form.
Descriptive Abstracts
• tell readers what information the report, article, or paper contains.
• include the purpose, methods, and scope of the report, article, or paper.
• do not provide results, conclusions, or recommendations.
• are always very short, usually under 100 words. • introduce the subject to readers, who must then read
the report, article, or paper to find out the author's results, conclusions, or recommendations.
Descriptive abstracts
The descriptive abstract provides a description of the report's main topic and purpose as well an overview of its contents. It is very short—usually a brief one- or two-sentence paragraph. You may have noticed something similar to this type of abstract at the beginning of journal articles.
An abstract is a summary of a body of information. Sometimes, abstracts are in fact called summaries-sometimes, executive summaries or executive abstracts. There are different kinds of abstracts— your technical report uses two types: the descriptive abstract and the informative abstract.
descriptive abstracts说明性摘要
A descriptive abstract—a summary of someone else’s paper or book—is often required by professors to give you practice in summarizing and responding to sources.
3. evaluative abstracts: comment on the worth of the original are incFra Baidu bibliotekuded.
Difference between descriptive abstracts and informative abstracts
The first two types of abstracts are typically used :
What is an abstract?
An abstract is a stand-alone statement that briefly conveys the essential information of a paper, article, document or book; presents the objective, methods, results, and conclusions of a research project; has a brief, non-repetitive style.