过去分词作宾补

Grammar Unit2 过去分词作宾补

过去分词作宾补用法归纳

英语中过去分词可作宾补，即：过去分词放在宾语（名词或代词）后面作补语，构成复合宾语，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。

1）表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch, observe, find, hear, feel, notice, 等。

①We saw the thief caught by the police.

②People found the water polluted.

③Have you heard a pop song sung in English

④I heard my name called.

⑤The rich man felt himself cheated.

⑥We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.

>

我们可以听到大雨敲打窗户的声音。

⑦I observed all the rooms broken into.

注意：see, hear, watch, notice 等动词后既可以加v-ing 也可以用do（不带to的不定式）,还可以跟done，但三者之间有区别: 用v-ing 表示动作正在发生,即发生的过程还没有结束; 用do强调动作发生的全过程，即动作全过程结束了,用done 表示宾语与宾补之间时被动的关系

①I saw her come into the classroom.我看到他进了教室。

②I saw her coming into the classroom.我看他正在走进教室。

③I saw her taken out of the classroom.我看到她被带出了教室。

2）表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get等。

如：make sth. done:让……被……

make oneself done. 让某人自己被…….或( 让别人……)

get sth. done

-

have sth. done

温馨提示：

让某人做某事:have sb. do sth./ get sb. to do sth.

①We have made our views known to them.我们已经使他们知道了我们

的观点。

②As he knows very little English, he finds it difficult to make himself

understood.

③I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。

④He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。

⑤They managed to make themselves understood using very simple

English.

⑥we will make oursel ves understood in one day.

》

⑦He stood on the bench to make himself seen when he made an

announcement.

⑧The little girl cried out to make herself noticed by the passers-by.

Speak a little louder to make yourself heard.

说话大声一点，让我们都能听到。

3)表保持某种状态的动词：keep, leave等。

keep /leave + n. /pron. +

①Don’t leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。

②We mustn’t leave the work unfinished. 我们不能让工作半途而废。

③Please keep me informed of the latest news.请随时把最新消息告诉我。

④Keep your eyes closed for a moment.闭上眼睛一会儿。

/

⑤They kept the door locked for a long time.

温馨提示：

使役动词have接过去分词作宾补的3种情况。

a) 过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。等于get sth. done

They are having their house painted.

他们正在请人油漆房屋。

b) 过去分词所表示的动作由句子的主语完成或句子的主语可能参与。等于

get sth. done

I must have/get my homework finished first before going out to play.在出

去玩之前，我一定得把我的作业完成。

We must have/get the task finished by Monday.我们必须在星期一以前完成这项任务。

c) 过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历（主语遭遇某种不幸）。

[

如：

He had his leg broken.他的腿断了。

He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了）

4）表“希望，要求，命令”的动词：

want, wish, expect, would like, order+ (to be) done

①I want the work (to be) finished by Sunday.

②Jim ordered the room (to be) cleaned.

③I wish the problem settled at once.

④I would like my house (to be) painted white.

5)with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构

。

“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：