英语同义词近义词辨析

英语同义词近义词辨析

1、 a number of, the number of

a number of +可数名词,谓语用复数,意为许多,大量的……

the number of +可数名词,谓语用单数,意为…… 的数目

2、 able, capable, competent

able 为常用词,指具有做某事所需的力量,技巧,知识与时间等,搭配是 be able to do s.th。如:A cat is able to see in the dark. (猫在黑暗中能看见东西。

capable 指满足一般要求的能力,搭配是 be capable of +doing。

competent 指“ 胜任” , “ 合格” ,或受过专业技术等训练的,但不是超群的能力。如:A doctor should be competent to treat many diseases. (医生应该能治多种病。

3、 above all; after all; at all; in all

above all意为“ 尤其是” 、“ 首先” 、“ 最重要的是” , 常位于句首或句中, 作插入语, 起强调作用。如:

But above all tell me quickly what I have to do.可首先快些告诉我该做什么。

after all 意为“ 毕竟” 、“ 终究” 、“ 终归” 、“ 到底” ,在句中位置较灵活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如:

After all, your birthday is only two weeks away.毕竟,两周后就是你的生日。

He is, after all, a small child.他毕竟还是个小孩子。

He failed after all.他终于失败了。

at all 用于否定句时,意为“ 丝毫;根本” ,用于疑问句时意为“ 究竟;到底” ,用于条件句时, 常译为“ 当真;实在” 。用于肯定句中,表示说话人的某种情绪或情感(如怀疑或惊奇等 ,意为“ 竟然” 等。如:

He doesn’t like you at all.他根本不喜欢你。

Are you going to do it at all?你究竟做不做这件事?

If you do it at all, do it well.若你真要做这件事,就得做好。

I was surprised at his coming at all.他竟然来了,我很惊讶。

in all意为“ 总共” ,既可放在句首,也可放在句末。如:

There are 25,000 Inuit in all. (=In all, there are 25,000 Inuit. 这儿共有 25,000因努伊特人。 4、 aboard, abroad, board, broad

aboard 在船(或飞机,车上。如:I never went aboard a ship.

abroad 副词,在国外或海外。如:He often goes abroad.

board 为动词,上(船,飞机,车。如:The passengers are boarding the plane now.

broad 为形容词,宽广的。如:He has very broad shoulders.

5、 accept, receive

accept 接受, receive“ 接到” , “ 收到” 。如:I received an invitation yesterday, but I didn’t accep t it. (昨天我收到了一个请柬,但并没有接受邀请。

6、 accident, incident, event

accident 事故。如:a traffic accident (交通事故

incident“ 附带事件” ,在政治上特指引起国际争端或战争的事件,事变。

event “ 事件” ,指特别重要的事件,通常是由以前的努力而产生的结果,也指国家和社会的事件。

7-accurate, correct, exact, precise

accurate 准确的,精确的。如:Clocks in railway stations should be accurate.(火车站的钟应该

是准确的。

correct“ 正确的” ,指符合一定的标准或准则,含有“ 无错误的” 意味。它的反义词是 incorrect, wrong.

exact“ 精确的” , “ 恰好的” ,比“ 大体上正确” 更进一步,表“ 丝毫不差” 。它的反义词是 inexact 。 precise 强调“ 精确” , “ 精密” 。

8、 accuse, charge, sue

accuse 指责,指控,常与 of 搭配。如:His boss accused him of carelessness.

charge 常与 with 搭配。如:The police charged the driver with reckless driving.

sue 常与 for 搭配。如:Smith sued his neighbor for damaging his house.

9、 acquire, require, inquire

acquire 取得,获得,学到。如:acquire knowledge (获得知识

inquire 打听,询问。如:inquire a person’s name(问一个人的姓名

require 需要。如:We require more help. (我们需要更多的帮助。

10、 adopt, adapt