中考英语阅读方法

阅读方法

理解一篇文章，首先要明白单词意思，然后是句子，然后是文章主题、篇章结构、作者观点，最后是例子、分析等细节。

首先是单词意思，这个只能靠平时积累词汇，但是也不一定要认识文章中的每个单词，不懂的生词可以从上下文推断。但是有些句子，每个单词的意思都知道，整个句子的意思却一点都读不通。或者每个句子大概意思都明白，但是整篇文章却把握不了。这就需要我们掌握正确的阅读方法。

一、句子——长难句分析

文章中出现套了一层甚至两三层的长难句，会非常影响我们的理解。出现长难句的时候，我们不应慌张，只需要冷静分析句子结构，搞清句子成分之间的关系，就能清晰地梳理整个句子的意思。

2011年河南省中考B篇

The important position that best shows your secret personality is the one that you go to sleep.

( ) 52. When does the sleeping position best show your secret personality?

A. In the daytime.

B. At the beginning of sleep.

C. At night.

D. During the deep sleep.

•阅读在句子层面的障碍

1.含义的理解

2.语序的确定

句子

1、简单句

2、复合句

其中that, which,

-主干完整)

, 引导的是

没

what

●非简单句的障碍来源

如何拆解为若干个简单句的集合

按照什么顺序来理解拆解后的简单句集

●非简单句的障碍解决方案

⏹找关联词

◆关联词

连词

关系代词

标点符号——冒号和句号

The important position that best shows your secret personality is the one that you go to sleep.

2011年河南省中考 A篇

When my son, Mark, was in the third grade, he saved all his pocket money for over three months to buy holiday presents.

When you help others, I know you will feel as good about it as I do no w.

I would like to say "thank you" to that very kind woman, and tell her that four years later, Mark went house to house collecting blankets (毯子) and clothes for the homeless people in the fire.

2011年河南省中考B篇

Everyone has got two personalities (性格) —the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real.

You don’t show your secret personality when you’re awake because you can control yourself, but when you’re asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you.

1. Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport.

2. One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre,that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch.

3. It is true that during their explorations they often face difficulties and dangers of most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder(颤栗) at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement.

⏹句子之间的关联方式

◆并列

●并列连词的用法

并列连词的用法: 并列连词连接结构\功能\性质均相同的成分----必须完全对等

for and nor but or yet so

◆嵌套

●常见的复杂句形式

①宾语从句----S+V+THAT+句子(完整句)

S+V+WHAT+句子(非完整句)，引导名词从句

表语从句----S+系动词+表语+句子

②主语从句----That /What+句子+ V

③特殊的定语/同位语从句N+ that +句子+ 同位语(完整句)

定语从句(非完整句)

S + Vi + that+ 句子: The sun rises that is bright.

S + be + adj + that + 句子: The desk is clean that is used by the student(定语从句);

The fact is true that Tom is handsome(同位语从句).

④状语从句——时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、程度状语

从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句

⏹层次化句子阅读方法

◆

并列＋嵌套的树形结构

任意非简单句都可以表示成层次化结构。

画左括号的条件：出现连接句子的关联词时：

1. (关联词＋非完整句

2. 关联词＋(完整句

画右括号的条件：1.句子终结

－终结的标点符号(冒号，感叹号，分号，破折号)

－后续内容与当前句无关