定语从句长难句分析

定语从句长难句分析

1.These discoveries have led to the field known as neuroeconomics, which studies the brain’s secrets to success in an economic environment that demands innovation and being able to do things differently from competitors.

译文：这些发现带来了神经经济学领域的出现，神经经济学研究的是经济环境下大脑成功的秘诀，这个经济需要创新，需要和竞争者做不同的事情。

解析：which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，因为neuroeconomics是一个专有名词，在语法中，是需要非限制性定语从句修饰的。同时，这也是一个嵌套定语从句，也就是从句套从句，在which引导的非限制性从句中还包含着一个that 引导的从句修饰economic environment.

2.Those who are professionally engaged in the art of interpreting history are thus in a difficult position, as they must steer a narrow course between the demands of ‘evidence’ and ‘attractiveness’, especially given the increasing need in the heritage industry and income- generating activities.

译文：那些专门从事诠释历史的人面临着一个困境，他们需要在证据的要求和参观者对于吸引力的要求之间做出权衡，特别是考虑到历史遗产产业对于创收活动不断增长的要求。

解析：who are professionally engaged in the art of interpreting history是定语从句修饰前面代词。这里的as引导的是原因状语从句。Given引导条件状语从句，意为“鉴于”。

3.In the second half of the 18th century, we already find advocates of this view, such as Joseph Priestley, whose Rudiments of English Grammar(1761) insists that ‘the custom of Speaking is the original and only just standard of any language’.

译文：在18世纪中后期，我们已经发现了这一观点的支持者，比如Joseph Priestley, 他1761年出版的《英语语法入门》一书中坚持认为：说话的习惯是最基本的也是任何语言的唯一标准。

解析：这是一个whose引导的定语从句，whose相当于is，insist引导一个宾语从句。

4.Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty, when there are pretty children in

a pool and a young Diana on the edge, to receive with wonder anything you can

catch!

解析：本句是由一个主句（Time goes fast）和两个定语从句（who... 和you can catch）和一个状语从句（when...）组成。You can catch前省略了that。

译文：对一个有美感，能以好奇心接收你所能抓到的任何东西的人来说，时间总是过得很快，比如当戏水池里有几个可爱的孩子，池边还有一位如戴安娜似的的年轻女子时。

5.In most situations where music is performed in our culture, it is not difficult to dis-tinguish the audience from the performers, but such is often not the case in Africa.

解析：where引出的定语从句修饰situations, 进一步说明situations的情况。

译文：在我们的文化环境中表演音乐节目时，大多数情况下不难将观众与表演者区分开来，但在非洲，情况往往相反。

6.In one experiment, subjects aged 6 to 22 were shown drawings of female faces that had different sized pupils, and asked to choose the one which was "happier".

全句主语是subjects, 有两个并列谓语were shown和and asked，都是被动语态，that had different sized pupils是定语从句作drawings of female faces 的定语, which was "happier”是定语从句作the one的定语，过去分词短语aged 6 to 22 是subjects的后置定语。