2011年秋四科联赛英语试题
(完整)2011年英语专四真题及答案,推荐文档
每年4月份考，只有两次考试机会(6 parts)2011年专业英语四级真题TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART ⅠDICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONL Y Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.1. Which of the statements about the auto show is INCORRECT?A. The show will have more stands this year.B. The show will have more visitors this year.C. The number of overseas visitors will be the same this year.D. The number of exhibition days will be the same this year.2. According to the conversation, the price for a stand would include _____.A. a catalogueB. a posterC. two desksD. four chairs3. During the conversation, the man seems to be more interested in _____.A. the size of the showB. the cost of the standC. the basic furnitureD. the visitor numberQuestions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4. What is Jim interested in?A. Investing in the company's product.B. Buying a new educational computer.C. Joining the computer company.D. Reading the campaign plan.5. The advertisements will be placed in all the following EXCEPT _____.A. family magazinesB. Sunday newspapersC. morning televisionD. teenage magazines6. The advertisements are intended to be seen by _____.A. parents onlyB. children onlyC. school teachersD. whole families7. Linda sounds _____ about the success of the campaign plan.A. confidentB. hesitantC. uncertainD. delightedQuestions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8. John has worked in all the following places EXCEPT _____.A. a book shopB. a paper factoryC. a schoolD. a fast-food restaurant9. From the conversation, we learn that John _____.A. has no interestB. has only one interestC. has two interestsD. has quite a few interests10. Sue Green seems to be more interested in John's experience of ____.A. working in a paper factoryB. working in a youth clubC. looking after his brother and sisterD. looking after his young friendsSECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11. According to the passage, the average age of the fleet of Delta/Northwest is _____.A. 10 yearsB. 14 yearsC. 16 yearsD. 20 years.12. It can be learned from the passage that _____.A. air journeys are quite often far from comfortableB. air travellers usually enjoy luxury during flightC. air travellers usually enjoy upgraded conditionsD. airlines always provide good in-flight entertainment13. Older planes can stay safe for more than 25 years because of the following EXCEPT _____.A. new enginesB. strong materialsC. proper maintenanceD. new interiorQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14. Which job will involve supervising workers using dangerous equipment?A. Assistant site manager.B. Carpenter supervisor.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Automobile service station manager.15. Who will also decide on the prices of products and services?A. Airlines' flight service manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Assistant site manager.D. Carpenter supervisor.16. Who may also do some of the work he supervises?A. Assistant site manager.B. Airlines' flight service manager.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Carpenter supervisor.17. Which job offers the highest salary?A. Assistant site manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Carpenter supervisor.D. Airlines' flight service manager.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18. Where were the two men filmed?A. In the jewelry shop.B. In the City Mall.C. Near the lorry.D. In the parking lot.19. Witnesses saw the two men _____.A. leave the lorry together.B. leave the lorry without hoods.C. run back to the lorry separately.D. run back to the lorry without hoods.20. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. The lorry was originally painted white.B. The lorry had no registration plates.C. The shorter man was the passenger.D. The taller man was the driver.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items.Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21. What did NASA's Constellation Programme originally plan to do?A. To set up a moon colony by 2020.B. To send astronauts again to the moon by 2020.C. To continue the current shuttle missions till 2020.D. To create more jobs for NASA till 2020.22. NASA's Constellation Programme would be cancelled mainly because _____.A. there were more important space missions.B. the space agency lacked funding for the programme.C. the current shuttle missions would continue.D. Congress failed to pass President Obama's budget.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23. The Russian cargo ship was sinking. What was the direct cause?A. No explanation of the problem.B. Long distance away from land.C. Slow rescue efforts.D. Severe weather.24. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a possible means of rescue?A. Aircraft.B. Tugboat.C. Nearby cargo ship.D. V essels at the oil rig.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25. Why did the singers meet in Hollywood?A. To raise money for African humanitarian efforts.B. To raise money for Haitian earthquake victims.C. To sing in memory of Michael Jackson.D. To make a recording of the original version of the song.26. Which of the following details about the news is INCORRECT?A. The organizer is one of the co-writers of the first songB. Singers will use the same recording studio as in 1985.C. The recording session is expected to last long.D. Stars from the original version will take part.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. The additional 2 billion dollars will mainly be used to _____.A. upgrade its network capacityB. improve customer servicesC. develop new productsD. market more iPhones28. Where does AT&T face difficulties in particular?A. Nationwide.B. Overseas.C. In large cities.D. In remote towns.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29. Where is the presence of security patrols most evident?A. Where matches take place.B. Where protests may take place.C. In downtown Vancouver.D. Around the athletes' village.30. What is this news item mainly about?A. Political protests during the Olympics.B. Security operations during the Olympics.C. Olympics' security forces.D. Security measures in buildings.PART III CLOZE （20个空）[15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two. "Congratulations, Mr. Cooper. It's a girl."Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and (31) _____ a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel (32) _____ when they receive the news, (33) _____ others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. (34) _____ there are some men who like children and may have had (35) experience with them, others do not particularly (36) _____ children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. (37) _____ other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have (38) _____ willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the (39) _____ to the birth of a child, it is obvious the shift from the role of husband to (40) _____ of a father is a difficult task. (41) _____, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to (42) _____ fathers in this resocialization (43) _____. Although numerous books have been written about mothers, (44) _____ recently has literature focused on the (45) _____ of a father.It is argued that the transition to the father's role, although difficult, is not (46) _____ as great as the transition the wife must (47) _____ to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete (48) _____ in daily routine. (49) _____, the father's role is less demanding and (50) _____.31. A. bring down B. bring forth C. bring off D. bring in32. A. emotional B. sentimental C. bewildered D. proud33. A. while B. when C. if D. as34. A. When B. If C. Although D. Yet35. A. considerate B. considerable C. considering D. considered36. A. care about B. care of C. care with D. care for37. A. For B. Of C. From D. Upon38. A. received B. taken C. accepted D. obtained39. A. reply B. reaction C. readiness D. reality40. A. what B. this C. one D. that41 .A. As a result B. For example C. Yet D. Also42. A. educate B. cultivate C. inform D. convert43. A. step B. process C. point D. time44. A./ B. just C. quite D. only45. A. role B. work C. career D. position46. A. a little B. just C. nearly D. almost47. A. take B. make C. carry D. accept48. A. transformation B. realization C. socialization D. reception49. A. In addition B. Above all C. Generally D. However50. A. current B. immediate C. present D. quickPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY （30道选择题）[15 MIN] There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man _____ he was fifteen years ago.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that52. Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND?A. Beg your pardon.B. Have a good time.C. Never do that again!D. What noise you are making!53. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose?A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort, the team didn't win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set out for Beijing yesterday.54. When you have finished with the book, don't forget to return it to Tim, _____?A. do youB. will youC. don't youD. won't you55. In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the -ING participle is used _____.A. as a commandB. as a conditionC. for concessionD. for emphasis56. Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT?A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked for double the usual price.D. They come here four times every year.57. It is not so much the language _____ the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.A. asB. norC. butD. like58. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object?A. What do you think has happened to her?B. Who do you think the visiting professor is?C. How much do you think he earns every month?D. How quickly would you say he would come?59. The additional work will take _____ weeks.A. the otherB. another twoC. other twoD. the more60. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主语从句)?A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.C. She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.61. It's getting late. I'd rather you _____ now.A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. will leave62. In the sentence "The manager interviewed Jim himself in the morning", the italicized word is used to modify _____.A. the objectB. the verbC. the subjectD. the prepositional phrase63. There is no doubt _____ the couple did the right thing in coming back home earlier than planned.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. when64. The sentence that expresses OFFER is _____.A. I'll get some drinks. What'll you have?B. Does she need to book a ticket now?C. May I know your name?D. Can you return the book next week?65. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates a subject-predicate relation (主谓关系)?A. Mr. Smith's passport has been issued.B. The visitor's arrival was reported in the news.C. John's travel details have not been finalized.D. The new bookstore sells children's stories.66. Our office has recently _____ to a new computer system.A. alteredB. convertedC. transformedD. modified67. The crowd went _____ as soon as the singer stepped onto the stage.A. wildB. emotionalC. uncontrolledD. unrestricted68. Our school library is _____ closed for repairs.A. ShortlyB. quicklyC. temporarilyD. rapidly69. John is up to his eves in work at the moment. The underlined part means _____.A. very excitedB. very busyC. very tiredD. very efficient70. Victoria bumped into her brother quite by chance in the supermarket. The underlined word means _____.A. riskB. opportunityC. possibilityD. luck71. "Look at those pretty girls' skirts" is _____, because it is not clear whether the girls or the skirts are "pretty".A. ambiguousB. hiddenC. indirectD. indistinct72. House repairs, holidays, school fees and other _____ have reduced his bank balance to almost nothing.A. amountB. paymentC. expensesD. figures73. It was really _____ of you to remember my birthday.A. gratefulB. thoughtfulC. considerableD. generous74. You can go to a travel agency and ask for a holiday _____.A. introductionB. advertisementC. bookD. brochure75. The city government is building more roads to _____.A. accommodateB. receiveC. acceptD. hold76. They've lifted a two-year-long economic _____ on the country.A. enclosureB. restrictionC. blockadeD. prohibition77. Everyone is surprised that she has fallen out with her boy friend. The underlined part means _____.A. leftB. quarreledC. attackedD. defeated78. His plan is carefully prepared and full of details, so it is a very _____ one.A. elaborateB. refinedC. ambitiousD. complex79. The girl's voice was so low that we could ______ hear her.A. seldomB. almostC. onlyD. barely80. She must have been pretty _____ to fall for such an old trick.A. interestedB. gullibleC. enthusiasticD. shrewdPART V READING COMPREHENSION (20道选择题) [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AWe have a crisis on our hands. You mean global warming? The world economy? No, the decline of reading. People are just not doing it anymore, especially the young. Who's responsible? Actually, it's more like, What is responsible? The Internet, of course, and everything that comes with it – Facebook, Twitter (微博). You can write your own list.There's been a warning about the imminent death of literate civilization for a long time. In the 20th century, first it was the movies, then radio, then television that seemed to spell doom for the written world. None did. Reading survived; in fact it not only survived, it has flourished. The world is more literate than ever before –there are more and more readers, and more and more books.The fact that we often get our reading material online today is not something we should worry over. The electronic and digital revolution of the last two decades has arguably shown the way forward for reading and for writing. Take the arrival of e-book readers as an example. Devices like Kindle make reading more convenient and are a lot more environmentally friendly than the traditional paper book.As technology makes new ways of writing possible, new ways of reading are possible. Interconnectivity allows for the possibility of a reading experience that was barely imaginable before. Where traditional books had to make do with photographs and illustrations, an e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links: to texts, pictures, and videos. In the future, the way people write novels, history, and philosophy will resemble nothing seen in the past.On the other hand, there is the danger of trivialization. One Twitter group is offering its followers single-sentence-long "digests" of the great novels. War and Peace in a sentence? You must be joking. We should fear the fragmentation of reading. There is the danger that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span - that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration.In such a fast-changing world, in which reality seems to be remade each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us. This has always been the function of literature and we should be careful not to let it disappear. Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility of someone utterly in tune with modern technology but able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world.In the 15th century, Johannes Guttenberg's invention of the printing press in Europe had a huge impact on civilization. Once upon a time the physical book was a challenging thing. We should remember this before we assume that technology is out to destroy traditional culture.81. Which of the following paragraphs briefly reviews the historical challenges for reading?A. Paragraph One.B. Paragraph Two.C. Paragraph Three.D. Paragraph Four.82. The following are all cited as advantages of e-books EXCEPT _____.A. multimodal contentB. environmental friendlinessC. convenience for readersD. imaginative design83. Which of the following can best describe how the author feels toward single-sentence-long novels?A. IronicB. Worried.C. Sarcastic.D. Doubtful.84. According to the passage, people need knowledge of modern technology and _____ to survive in the fast-changing society.A. good judgmentB. high sensitivityC. good imaginationD. the ability to focus85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Technology pushes the way forward for reading and writing.B. Interconnectivity is a feature of new reading experience.C. Technology is an opportunity and a challenge for traditional reading.D. Technology offers a greater variety of reading practice.TEXT BI know when the snow melts and the first robins (知更鸟) come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen.Spring cleaning.I'll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp. Today's busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher, much less clean the doormat. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. It interrupts the natural order."Honey, what say we spend the weekend beating the rugs, sorting through the boxes in the basement and painting our bedroom a nice lemony yellow?" I say."Can we at least wait until the NBA matches are over?" my husband answers.But I tell my family, spring cleaning can't wait. The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little League practice to start. Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground, but there is no lawn to seed, nor garden to tend. Newly wakened from our winter's hibernation (冬眠), yet still needing extra blankets at night, we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze and all of the natural world demanding "Awake and be clean!" Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring's first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepytime hormone (激素) our bodies produce when it's dark. When spring's light comes, the melatonin diminishes, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus-filled house we've been hibernating in for four months.I tell my family about the science and psychology of a good healthy cleaning at spring's arrival. I speak to them about life's greatest rewards waiting in the removal of soap scum from the bathtub, which hasn't been properly cleaned since the first snowfall."I'll do it," says the eldest child, a 21-year-old college student who lives at home."You will? Wow!" I exclaim.Maybe after all these years, he's finally grasped the concept. Maybe he's expressing his rightfulposition as eldest child and role model. Or maybe he's going to Florida for a break in a couple of weeks and he's being nice to me who is the financial-aid officer.No matter. Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12-year-old brother who, instead of working, is found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he is supposed to be cleaning."Awake and be clean!" I say.86. According to the passage, "...spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp" means that spring cleaning _____.A. is no longer an easy practice to understand.B. is no longer part of modern family life.C. requires more family members to be involved.D. calls for more complicated skills and knowledge.87. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be included in family spring cleaning?A. Beating the rugs.B. Cleaning the window.C. Restoring Wi-Fi services.D. Cleaning the backyard.88. Why does the author say “spring cleaning can't wait”?A. Because there will be more activities when it gets warmer.B. Because the air is fresher and the breeze is lighter.C. Because the whole family is full of energy at spring time.D. Because the snow is melting and the ground is thawing.89. Which of the following interpretations of the biologists' theory about melatonin is INCORRECT?A. The production of melatonin in our bodies varies at different times.B. Melatonin is more likely to cause sleepiness in our bodies.C. The reduction of melatonin will cause wakefulness in our bodies.D. The amount of melatonin remains constant in our bodies.90. Which of the following can best sum up the author's overall reaction to her adult son's positive response to spring cleaning?A. Surprised and skeptical.B. Elated and hesitant.C. Relieved and optimistic.D. Optimistic and hesitant.TEXT CThese days lots of young Japanese do omiai, literally, "meet and look." Many of them do so willingly. In today's prosperous and increasingly conservative Japan, the traditional omiai kekkon, or arranged marriage, is thriving.But there is a difference. In the original omiai, the young Japanese couldn't reject the partner chosen by his parents and their middleman. After World War II, many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of their American conquerors. The Western ren'ai kekkon, or love marriage, became popular; Japanese began picking their own mates by dating and falling in love.But the Western way was often found wanting in an important respect: it didn't necessarily produce a partner of the right economic, social, and educational qualifications. "Today's young people are quite calculating," says Chieko Akiyama, a social commentator.What seems to be happening now is a repetition of a familiar process in the country's history, the"Japanization" of an adopted foreign practice. The Western ideal of marrying for love is accommodated in a new omiai in which both parties are free to reject the match. "Omiai is evolving into a sort of stylized introduction," Mrs. Akiyama says.Many young Japanese now date in their early twenties, but with no thought of marriage. When they reach the age - in the middle twenties for women, the late twenties for men - they increasingly turn to omiai. Some studies suggest that as many as 40 % of marriages each year are omiai kekkon. It's hard to be sure, say those who study the matter, because many Japanese couples, when polled, describe their marriage as a love match even if it was arranged.These days, doing omiai often means going to a computer matching service rather than to a nakodo. The nakodo of tradition was an old woman who knew all the kids in the neighbourhood and went around trying to pair them off by speaking to their parents; a successful match would bring her a wedding invitation and a gift of money. But Japanese today find it's less awkward to reject a proposed partner if the nakodo is a computer.Japan has about five hundred computer matching services. Some big companies, including Mitsubishi, run one for their employees. At a typical commercial service, an applicant pays $80 to $125 to have his or her personal data stored in the computer for two years and $200 or so more if a marriage results. The stored information includes some obvious items, like education and hobbies, and some not-so-obvious ones, like whether a person is the oldest child. (First sons, and to some extent first daughters, face an obligation of caring for elderly parents.)91. According to the passage, today's young Japanese prefer _____.A. a traditional arranged marriage.B. a new type of arranged marriage.C. a Western love marriage.D. a more Westernized love marriage.92. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. A Western love marriage tends to miss some Japanese values.B. Less attention is paid to the partner's qualification in arranged marriages.C. Young Japanese would often calculate their partner's wealth.D. A new arranged marriage is a repetition of the older type.93. According to the passage, the figure 40% (Paragraph Five) is uncertain because _____.A. there has been a big increase in the number of arranged marriages.B. Western love marriage still remains popular among young Japanese.C. young Japanese start dating very early in their life in a Western tradition.D. the tendency for arranged marriages could be stronger than is indicated.94. One of the big differences between a traditional nakodo and its contemporary version lies in the way _____.A. wedding gifts are presented.B. a proposed partner is refused.C. formalities are arranged.D. the middleman/woman is chosen.95. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To tell the differences between an old and modern nakodo.B. To provide some examples for the traditional nakodo.C. To offer more details of the computerized nakodo.D. To sum up the main ideas and provide a conclusion.TEXT DCordia Harrington was tired of standing up all day and smelling like French fries at night. She。
全国小学生英语竞赛(四年级组)2011年决赛试题及详解【圣才出品】
全国小学生英语竞赛（四年级组）2011年决赛试题及详解听力部分（共四大题，计30分）I.听辨单词（Words）（共5小题，计5分）听音，选出你所听到的单词。
每个单词读两遍。
1.A.eastB.seatC.foot【答案】A【解析】三个选项中单词的发音分别为：east[i:st]（东方），seat[si:t]（座位），foot[fʊt]（脚），录音中出现的单词为east，因此选A。
【录音原文】east2.A.coatB.callC.close【答案】B【解析】三个选项中单词的发音分别为：coat[kəʊt]（外套），call[kɔ:l]（电话；呼叫），close[kləʊz]（结束），录音中出现的单词为call，因此选B。
【录音原文】call3.A.cuteB.eightC.night【答案】C【解析】三个选项中单词的发音分别为：cute[kju:t]（可爱的；聪明的），eight[eɪt]（八），night[naɪt]（晚上），录音中出现的单词为night，因此选C。
【录音原文】night4.A.pictureB.countryC.hurry【答案】B【解析】三个选项中单词的发音分别为：picture[ˈpɪktʃə（r）]（照片，图片），country[ˈkʌntri]（国家；乡村），hurry[ˈhʌri]（匆忙，急忙），录音中出现的单词为country，因此选B。
【录音原文】country5.A.doctorB.flowerC.motor【答案】A【解析】三个选项中单词的发音分别为：doctor[ˈdɒktə（r）]（医生），flower[ˈflaʊə（r）]（花），motor[ˈməʊtə（r）]（汽车；发动机），录音中出现的单词为doctor，因此选A。
【录音原文】doctorII.句子理解（Sentences）（共10小题，计10分）A）听音，选出与你所听句子内容相符的图片。
每个句子读两遍。
2011年6月英语四级(CET4)真题
模拟试题1Part I Listening Comprehension (2 point each, 40 points)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D],and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) Look for a more expensive hotel.B) Go to another hotel by bus.C) Try to find a quiet place.D) Take a walk around the city.2. A) They’re talking about nice children.B) The man has a house for sale.C) The woman lives in a nice house.D) The man has three children.3. A) In a hotel.B) At a dinner table.C) In the street.D) At the man’s house.4. A) Relatives.B) Roommates.C) Colleagues.D) Neighbors.5. A) 5:00.B) 5:15.C) 5:30.D) 5:45.6. A) He wants to have more sleep.B) His wife doesn’t sleep well.C) Women need more sleep than men.D) He doesn’t need as much sleep as his wife.7. A) A student.B) A reporter.C) A visitor.D) A lecturer.8. A) To the school.B) To a friend’s house.C) To the post office.D) Home.9. A) He is afraid he won’t be chosen for the trip.B) The boss has not decided where to go.C) Such a trip is necessary for the company.D) It’s not certain whether the trip will take place.10. A) It was boring.B) It was entertaining.C) It was touching.D) It was encouraging.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear one question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D].Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage oneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) He wanted to find a place to read his papers.B) He wanted to kill time before boarding the plane.C) He felt thirsty and wanted some coffee.D) He went there to meet his friends.12. A) Toys for children.B) Important documents.C) Food and coffee.D) Clothes and scientific papers.13. A) The woman took his case on purpose.B) All his papers had been stolen.C) He had taken the wom an’s case.D) The woman played a joke on him.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) The liberation movement of British women.B) Rapid economic development in Britain.C) Changing attitudes to family life.D) Reasons for changes in family life in Britain.15. A) Because millions of men died in the war.B) Because women had proved their worth.C) Because women were more skillful than men.D) Because factories preferred to employ women.16. A) The concept of “the family” as a social unit.B) The attitudes to birth control.C) The attitudes to religion.D) The ideas of authority and tradition.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Those who are themselves spoiled and self-centered.B) Those who expected to have several children but could only have one.C) Those who like to give expensive jewels to their children.D) Those who give birth to their only children when they are below 30.18. A) Because their parents want them to share the family burden.B) Because their parents are too strict with them in their education.C) Because they have nobody to play with.D) Because their parents want them to grow up as fast as possible.19. A) Two types of only children.B) Parents’ responsibilities.C) The necessity of family planning.D) The relationship between parents and children.20. A) They have no sisters or brothers.B) They are overprotected by their parents.C) Their parents expect too much of them.D) Their parents often punish them for minor faults.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (1 point each, 40 points)21.Acute hearing helps most animals sense the approach of thunderstorms long before people___.A. doB. hearC. do themD. hearing it22. This is an illness that can result in total blindness ___ left untreated.A. afterB. ifC. sinceD. unless23. The central provinces have floods in some years, and ___.A. drought in othersB. droughts are othersC. while other droughtsD. others in drought24. Do help yourself to some fruit,___ you?A. can’tB. don’tC. wouldn’tD. won’t25. There___ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an e nd half an hour earlier.A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. be26. My mother can’t get ___ because she has rheumatism (风湿病).A. aboutB. onC. throughD. in27. I was very much put ___ by Mark’s rude behavior; it re ally annoy ed me.A. overB. offC. upD. by28. You ___ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.A. needn’t have toldB. needn’t tellC. mustn’t have toldD. mustn’t tell29. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there___ q uite such a crowd of people there.A. weren’tB. hasn’t beenC. hadn’t beenD. w ouldn’t be30. Firms that use computers have found that the number of staff ___ quality control can be substantially reduced.A. whoseB. asC. whatD. that31. ___ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy.A. LookingB. LookedC. Having lookedD. To look32. Many people are ___ to insect bites, and some even have to go to hospital.A. insensitiveB. allergicC. sensibleD. infected33. When you’re driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right ___.A. wayB. trackC. roadD. lane34. The motorist had to ___to avoid knocking the old woman down in the middle of the road.A. swerveB. twistC. departD. swing35. In winter drivers have trouble stopping their cars from ___ on icy roads.A. skatingB. skiddingC. slidingD. slipping36. This project would ___ a huge increase in defense spending.A. resultB. assureC. entailD. accomplish37. The chances of a repetition of these unfortunate events are ___ indeed.A. distantB. slimC. unlikelyD. narrow38. We should make a clear ___ between ’competent’ and ’proficient’ for the purposes of our discussion.A. separationB. divisionC. distinctionD. difference39. In the present economic ___ we can make even greater progress than previously.A. airB. moodC. areaD. climate40. Rite of Passage is a good novel by any standards;___, it shoul d rank high on any list of science fiction.A. consistentlyB. consequentlyC. invariablyD. fortunately41. The diversity of tropical plants in the region represents a seeming ly___ source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.A. exploitedB. controversialC. inexhaustibleD. remarkable42. While he was in Beijing, he spent all his time ___ some import ant museums and buildings.A. visitingB. travelingC. watchingD. touring43. Yo u must let me have the annual report without ___ by ten o’cl ock tomorrow morning.A. failureB. hesitationC. troubleD. fail44. As the director can’t come to the reception, I’m representing the c ompanyA. on his accountB. on his behalfC. for his partD. in his interest45. Dreams are___ in themselves, but when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.A. uninformativeB. startlingC.harmlessD. uncontrollable46. The reporters exposed the corruption of several senior officers in the government; consequently, these officers _______ to resign from office.A. have askedB. were askedC. had askedD. had been asked47. The train _______ at th e present speed until it reaches the next city at about seven o’clock this evening.A. will be goingB. wentC. would goD. went48. Such _______ the ease, there are no grounds to justify your complaints.A. wasB. isC. is beingD. being49. I beg _______ your nephew’s wedding.A. to be excusedB. to be excused fromC. to excuse fromD. to be excused to50. The only candidate _______ can hope to defeat him is quit now,A. whoB. whichC. thatD. when51. Humble _______ it may be, there’s no place like home, _______ he may go.A. like, whenB. as, whereverC. although, whereD. which, wherever52. He ought to attend the meeting, _______?A. shou ld heB. ought heC. shouldn’t heD. oughtn’t he53. Mary is 18 years old this year; she _______ 19 next year.A. will beB. is to beC. is going to beD. should be54. Though it was late in the night, _______ he continued to work vigorously.A. butB. yetC. andD. that55. The doctor advised him to stay in bed, saying he was much _______.A. ill enoughB. too illC. so illD. very ill56. I was _______ study French yesterday, but I changed my mind.A. to be startingB. to startC. to have startedD. to have been starting57. You’d rather go to theater with him this evening, _______ ?A. are youB. hadn’t youC. isn’t itD. wouldn’t you58_______ that the formation of the sun, the planets, and other stars began with the condensation of an interstellar gas cloud.A. It is believedB. BelievingC. Being believedD. To believe59. One of the most spectacular qualities of man is notably his _______ to any kind of natural environment.A. tendencyB. adoptabilityC. adaptabilityD. availability60. I’m in no _______ now to go to concert with you.A. moodB. intentionC. emotionD. sensePart III Reading Comprehension (2 points each, 50 points)Directions:There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A],[B],[C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “fit” in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is thief or a meter reader, and so on.The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume (服装) of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook (钱包). Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apartfrom minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.61. In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that statuses can help us ________.A) determine whether a person is fit for a certain jobB) behave appropriately in relation to other peopleC) protect ourselves in unfamiliar situationsD) make friends with other people62. According to the writer, people often assume different statuses ________.A) in order to identify themselves with othersB) in order to better identify othersC) as their mental processes changeD) as the situation changes63. The word “appraisal” (Line 5, Para. 2) most probably means “________”.A) involvementB) appreciationC) assessmentD) presentation64. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun “it” refers to “________”.A) fitting our actions to those of other people appropriatelyB) identification of other people’s statusesC) selecting one’s own statusesD) constant mental process65. By saying that “an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that ofa Hindu prince” (Line 2-3, Para. 3), the writer means ________.A) different people have different styles of clothesB) ready-made clothes may need alterationsC) statuses come ready made just like clothesD) our choice of statuses is limitedPassage TwoQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there’s big difference between “being a writer” and writing. In most cases theseindividuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, no t the long hours alone at a typewriter. “You’ve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want to be a writer.”The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a freelance writer (自由撰稿者), I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it w as cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual type writer and felt like a genuine writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one of those people who die wondering, What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test-even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the Shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.66. The passage is meant to ________.A) warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experienceB) advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writerC) show young people it’s unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fameD) encourage young people to pursue a writing career67. What can be concluded from the passage?A) Genuine writers often find their work interesting and rewarding.B) A writer’s success depends on luck rather than on effort.C) Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolation.D) The chances for a writer to become successful are small.68. Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing career?A) He wasn’t able to produce a single book.B) He hadn’t seen a change for the better.C) He wasn’t able to have a rest for a whole years.D) He found his dream would never come true.69. “... People who die wondering, What if?” (Line 3, Para. 3) refers to “those ________”.A) who think too much of the dark side of lifeB) who regret giving up their career halfwayC) who think a lot without making a decisionD) who are full of imagination even upon death70. “Shadowland” in the last sentence refers to ________.A) the wonderland one often dreams aboutB) the bright future that one is looking forward toC) the state of uncer tainty before one’s final goal is reachedD) a world that exists only in one’s imaginationPassage ThreeQuestions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage.It is everyone agrees, a huge task that the child performs when he learns to speak, and the fact that he does so in so short a period of time challenges explanation.Language learning begins with listening. Individual children vary greatly in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and late starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word obey is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves out as particularly indicative of delight, distress, sociability, and so on. But since these cannot be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyments, and that by six months they are able to add new sounds to their repertoire (能发出的全部声音). This self-imitation leads on to deliberate (有意识的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.71. By “... challenges explanation” (Line 2, Para. 1) the author means that ________.A) no explanation is necessary for such an obvious phenomenonB) no explanation has been made up to nowC) it’s no easy job to provide an adequate explanationD) it’s high time that an explanation was provided72. The third paragraph is mainly about ________.A) the development of babies’ early forms of languageB) the difficulties of babies in learning to speakC) babies’ strong desire to communicateD) babies’ intention to communicate73. The author’s p urpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that children ________.A) usually obey without asking questionsB) are passive in the process of learning to speakC) are born cooperativeD) learn to speak by listening74. From the passage we learn that ________.A) early starters can learn to speak within only six monthsB) children show a strong desire to communicate by making noisesC) imitation plays an important role in learning to speakD) children have various difficulties in learning to speak75. The best title for this passage would be ________.A) How Babies Learn to SpeakB) Early Forms of LanguageC) A Huge Task for ChildrenD) Noise Making and Language LearningPassage FourQuestions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage.Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive (认知学派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary (金钱的) rewards sparks creativity in grade-school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements (刺激) indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it’s easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.”A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore failing grades.In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.76. Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ________.A) the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewardsB) the amount of monetary rewards for stud ent’ creativityC) the study of relationship between actions and their consequencesD) the effects of external rewards on students’ performance77. What is the response of many educators to external rewards for their students?A) They have no doubts about them.B) They have doubts about them.C) They approve of them.D) They avoid talking about them.78. Which of the following can best raise students’ creativity according to Robert Eisenberger?A) Assigning them tasks they have not dealt with before.B) Assigning them tasks which require inventiveness.C) Giving them rewards they really deserve.D) Giving them rewards they anticipate.79. It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their gradingstandards because they believe ________.A) rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of studentsB) punishment is more effective than rewardingC) failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standardsD) discouraging the students’ anticipati on for easy rewards is a matter of urgency80. The phrase “token economies” (Line 1, Para. 5) probably refers to ________.A) ways to develop economyB) systems of rewarding studentsC) approaches to solving problemsD) methods of improving performancePassage FiveGlobal reserves of fresh water add up to more than 37 million cubic kilometers, enough to fill the Mediterranean 10 times over. More than three-fourths of this water is bound up in glaciers and polar ice,however, where it is largely beyond the reach of present technology. Almost all the rest consists of water in underground aquifers, which are not yet exploited intensively. The main sources of supply -- the waters of lakes and rivers and the water vapor in the atmosphere -- make up less than 1 percent of the total.The ultimate source of fresh water is the continuous distillation of the oceans by solar radiation. The annual evaporation of water ( including transpiration by plants) is roughly 500,000cubic kilometers, of which 430,000 comes from the oceans and the remaining 70,000 from waters on the continents. Because the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere is essentially constant the same amount of water must fall back to the surface as rain and snow. It is of vital importance to terrestrial life that a disproportionate share of this precipitation falls on land. Whereas the continents lose 70,000 cubic kilometers of water to evaporation, they receive 110,000 from precipitation, so that the net effect of the hydrologic cycle is to transfer some 40,000 cubic kilometers of fresh water each year from the oceans to the continents.Although the net continental influx is 40,000 cubic kilometers per year, not all of it is available for man's use. Much is lost through floods or is held in the soil or in swamps. The maximum that might reasonably be applied to human purposes is about 14,000 cubic kilometers per year, which is the base flow, or stable runoff excluding flood waters, of all the world's rivers and streams and of those isolated underground aquifers that discharge directly through evaporation. Of this volume about 5,000 cubic kilometers flow in regions that are uninhabited and are likely to remain so because they are climatically unsuited to human settlement. Hence the effective world water resource, from which all needs will have to be met for some years to come, is about 9,000 cubic kilometers per year.81. Of all the reserves of fresh water in the world, about three-fourths is ______.A)consumed by glaciers and polar iceB)in solid formC)out of the reach of present technologyD)converted into sea water annually82. Fresh water, as the passage states, originates from ______.A)the water vapor in the atmosphereB)lakes and riversC)sea water through distillation by solar radiationD)both A and B83. Based on context clues, we can know that "precipitation" means ______.A)the evaporation of water from the landB)the water reserves on landC)the unevenly-distributed rain and snow fallsD)water falling in the form of rain and snow84. Every year the continents get back ______.A)the same amount of water as is lost to evaporationB)less water than that which is lost to evaporationC)more water than that which is lost to evaporationD)different amounts of water based on weather conditions85. The end of the passage implies that the water finally available for mankind to utilize each year ______.A)is enough to meet all human needsB)is a little more than enough for all human needsC)is not adequate for all human needsD)is adequate now but will not be enough for some years to comePart IV Translation (4 points each, 40 points)Direction:Translate the following sentences 86-90 from English to Chinese and sentences 91-95 from Chinese to English.1. Some people say that in the next 30 years the population of Antarctica will grow steadily, so will the population of India.2. Someday, perhaps, scientists will be able to exactly predict the occurrence of earthquake.3. All night long he lay awake, worrying about his financial problem.4. It is widely accepted that the whole structure of our society depends on mutual trust.5. By six thirty every morning, the playground has been full of students doing morning exercises.6.看来人们喜欢我的演讲——至少他们听完了我的演讲并在我讲话结束时鼓掌。
2011年专业英语四级考试真题及答案
2011年专业英语四级考试真题及答案TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART Ⅰ DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.1. Which of the statements about the auto show is INCORRECT?A. The show will have more stands this year.B. The show will have more visitors this year.C. The number of overseas visitors will be the same this year.D. The number of exhibition days will be the same this year.2. According to the conversation, the price for a stand would include _____.A. a catalogueB. a posterC. two desksD. four chairs3. During the conversation, the man seems to be more interested in _____.A. the size of the showB. the cost of the standC. the basic furnitureD. the visitor numberQuestions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4. What is Jim interested in?A. Investing in the company's product.B. Buying a new educational computer.C. Joining the computer company.D. Reading the campaign plan.5. The advertisements will be placed in all the following EXCEPT _____.A. family magazinesB. Sunday newspapersC. morning televisionD. teenage magazines6. The advertisements are intended to be seen by _____.A. parents onlyB. children onlyC. school teachersD. whole families7. Linda sounds _____ about the success of the campaign plan.A. confidentB. hesitantC. uncertainD. delighted Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8. John has worked in all the following places EXCEPT _____.A. a book shopB. a paper factoryC. a schoolD. a fast-food restaurant9. From the conversation, we learn that John _____.A. has no interestB. has only one interestC. has two interestsD. has quite a few interests10. Sue Green seems to be more interested in John's experience of ____.A. working in a paper factoryB. working in a youth clubC. looking after his brother and sisterD. looking after his young friendsSECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11. According to the passage, the average age of the fleet of Delta/Northwest is _____.A. 10 yearsB. 14 yearsC. 16 yearsD. 20 years.12. It can be learned from the passage that _____.A. air journeys are quite often far from comfortableB. air travellers usually enjoy luxury during flightC. air travellers usually enjoy upgraded conditionsD. airlines always provide good in-flight entertainment13. Older planes can stay safe for more than 25 years because of the following EXCEPT _____.A. new enginesB. strong materialsC. proper maintenanceD. new interior Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14. Which job will involve supervising workers using dangerous equipment?A. Assistant site manager.B. Carpenter supervisor.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Automobile service station manager.15. Who will also decide on the prices of products and services?A. Airlines' flight service manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Assistant site manager.D. Carpenter supervisor.16. Who may also do some of the work he supervises?A. Assistant site manager.B. Airlines' flight service manager.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Carpenter supervisor.17. Which job offers the highest salary?A. Assistant site manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Carpenter supervisor.D. Airlines' flight service manager. Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18. Where were the two men filmed?A. In the jewelry shop.B. In the City Mall.C. Near the lorry.D. In the parking lot.19. Witnesses saw the two men _____.A. leave the lorry together.B. leave the lorry without hoods.C. run back to the lorry separately.D. run back to the lorry without hoods.20. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. The lorry was originally painted white.B. The lorry had no registration plates.C. The shorter man was the passenger.D. The taller man was the driver. SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21. What did NASA's Constellation Programme originally plan to do?A. To set up a moon colony by 2020.B. To send astronauts again to the moon by 2020.C. To continue the current shuttle missions till 2020.D. To create more jobs for NASA till 2020.22. NASA's Constellation Programme would be cancelled mainly because _____.A. there were more important space missions.B. the space agency lacked funding for the programme.C. the current shuttle missions would continue.D. Congress failed to pass President Obama's budget.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23. The Russian cargo ship was sinking. What was the direct cause?A. No explanation of the problem.B. Long distance away from land.C. Slow rescue efforts.D. Severe weather.24. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a possible means of rescue?A. Aircraft.B. Tugboat.C. Nearby cargo ship.D. Vessels at the oil rig.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25. Why did the singers meet in Hollywood?A. To raise money for African humanitarian efforts.B. To raise money for Haitian earthquake victims.C. To sing in memory of Michael Jackson.D. To make a recording of the original version of the song.26. Which of the following details about the news is INCORRECT?A. The organizer is one of the co-writers of the first songB. Singers will use the same recording studio as in 1985.C. The recording session is expected to last long.D. Stars from the original version will take part.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. The additional 2 billion dollars will mainly be used to _____.A. upgrade its network capacityB. improve customer servicesC. develop new productsD. market more iPhones28. Where does AT&T face difficulties in particular?A. Nationwide.B. Overseas.C. In large cities.D. In remote towns.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29. Where is the presence of security patrols most evident?A. Where matches take place.B. Where protests may take place.C. In downtown Vancouver.D. Around the athletes' village.30. What is this news item mainly about?A. Political protests during the Olympics.B. Security operations during the Olympics.C. Olympics' security forces.D. Security measures in buildings. PART III CLOZE （20个空） [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two."Congratulations, Mr. Cooper. It's a girl."Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and (31) _____ a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel (32) _____ when they receive the news, (33) _____ others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. (34) _____ there are some men who like children and may have had (35) experience with them, others do not particularly (36) _____ children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. (37) _____ other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have (38) _____ willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the (39) _____ to the birth of a child, it is obvious the shift from the role of husband to (40) _____ of a father is a difficult task. (41) _____, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to (42) _____ fathers in this resocialization (43) _____. Although numerous books have been written about mothers, (44) _____ recently has literature focused on the (45) _____ of a father.It is argued that the transition to the father's role, although difficult, is not (46) _____ as great as the transition the wife must (47) _____ to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete (48) _____ in daily routine. (49) _____, the father's role is less demanding and (50) _____.31. A. bring down B. bring forth C. bring off D. bring in32. A. emotional B. sentimental C. bewildered D. proud33. A. while B. when C. if D. as34. A. When B. If C. Although D. Yet35. A. considerate B. considerable C. considering D. considered36. A. care about B. care of C. care with D. care for37. A. For B. Of C. From D. Upon38. A. received B. taken C. accepted D. obtained39. A. reply B. reaction C. readiness D. reality40. A. what B. this C. one D. that41 .A. As a result B. For example C. Yet D. Also42. A. educate B. cultivate C. inform D. convert43. A. step B. process C. point D. time44. A./ B. just C. quite D. only45. A. role B. work C. career D. position46. A. a little B. just C. nearly D. almost47. A. take B. make C. carry D. accept48. A. transformation B. realization C. socialization D. reception49. A. In addition B. Above all C. Generally D. However50. A. current B. immediate C. present D. quickPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY （30道选择题） [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man _____ he was fifteen years ago.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that52. Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND?A. Beg your pardon.B. Have a good time.C. Never do that again!D. What noise you are making!53. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose?A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort, the team didn't win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set out for Beijing yesterday.54. When you have finished with the book, don't forget to return it to Tim, _____?A. do youB. will youC. don't youD. won't you55. In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the -ING participle is used _____.A. as a commandB. as a conditionC. for concessionD. for emphasis56. Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT?A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked for double the usual price.D. They come here four times every year.57. It is not so much the language _____ the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.A. asB. norC. butD. like58. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object?A. What do you think has happened to her?B. Who do you think the visiting professor is?C. How much do you think he earns every month?D. How quickly would you say he would come?59. The additional work will take _____ weeks.A. the otherB. another twoC. other twoD. the more60. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主语从句)?A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.C. She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.61. It's getting late. I'd rather you _____ now.A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. will leave62. In the sentence "The manager interviewed Jim himself in the morning", the italicized word is used to modify _____.A. the objectB. the verbC. the subjectD. the prepositional phrase63. There is no doubt _____ the couple did the right thing in coming back home earlier than planned.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. when64. The sentence that expresses OFFER is _____.A. I'll get some drinks. What'll you have?B. Does she need to book a ticket now?C. May I know your name?D. Can you return the book next week?65. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates a subject-predicate relation (主谓关系)?A. Mr. Smith's passport has been issued.B. The visitor's arrival was reported in the news.C. John's travel details have not been finalized.D. The new bookstore sells children's stories.66. Our office has recently _____ to a new computer system.A. alteredB. convertedC. transformedD. modified67. The crowd went _____ as soon as the singer stepped onto the stage.A. wildB. emotionalC. uncontrolledD. unrestricted68. Our school library is _____ closed for repairs.A. ShortlyB. quicklyC. temporarilyD. rapidly69. John is up to his eves in work at the moment. The underlined part means _____.A. very excitedB. very busyC. very tiredD. very efficient70. Victoria bumped into her brother quite by chance in the supermarket. The underlined word means _____.A. riskB. opportunityC. possibilityD. luck71. "Look at those pretty girls' skirts" is _____, because it is not clear whether the girls or the skirts are "pretty".A. ambiguousB. hiddenC. indirectD. indistinct72. House repairs, holidays, school fees and other _____ have reduced his bank balance to almost nothing.A. amountB. paymentC. expensesD. figures73. It was really _____ of you to remember my birthday.A. gratefulB. thoughtfulC. considerableD. generous74. You can go to a travel agency and ask for a holiday _____.A. introductionB. advertisementC. bookD. brochure75. The city government is building more roads to _____.A. accommodateB. receiveC. acceptD. hold76. They've lifted a two-year-long economic _____ on the country.A. enclosureB. restrictionC. blockadeD. prohibition77. Everyone is surprised that she has fallen out with her boy friend. The underlined part means _____.A. leftB. quarreledC. attackedD. defeated78. His plan is carefully prepared and full of details, so it is a very _____ one.A. elaborateB. refinedC. ambitiousD. complex79. The girl's voice was so low that we could ______ hear her.A. seldomB. almostC. onlyD. barely80. She must have been pretty _____ to fall for such an old trick.A. interestedB. gullibleC. enthusiasticD. shrewdPART V READING COMPREHENSION (20道选择题) [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AWe have a crisis on our hands. You mean global warming? The world economy? No, the decline of reading. People are just not doing it anymore, especially the young. Who's responsible? Actually, it's more like, What is responsible? The Internet, of course, and everything that comes with it – Facebook, Twitter (微博). You can write your own list.There's been a warning about the imminent death of literate civilization for a long time. In the 20th century, first it was the movies, then radio, then television that seemed to spell doom for the written world. None did. Reading survived; in fact it not only survived, it has flourished. The world is more literate than ever before – there are more and more readers, and more and more books.The fact that we often get our reading material online today is not something we should worry over. The electronic and digital revolution of the last two decades has arguably shown the way forward for reading and for writing. Take the arrival of e-book readers as an example. Devices like Kindle make reading more convenient and are a lot more environmentally friendly than the traditional paper book.As technology makes new ways of writing possible, new ways of reading are possible. Interconnectivity allows for the possibility of a reading experience that was barely imaginable before. Where traditional books had to make do with photographs and illustrations, an e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links: to texts, pictures, and videos. In the future, the way people write novels, history, and philosophy will resemble nothing seen in the past.On the other hand, there is the danger of trivialization. One Twitter group is offering its followers single-sentence-long "digests" of the great novels. War and Peace in a sentence? You must be joking. We should fear the fragmentation of reading. There is the danger that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span - that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration.In such a fast-changing world, in which reality seems to be remade each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us. This has always been the function of literature and we should be careful not to let it disappear. Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility of someone utterly in tune with modern technology but able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world.In the 15th century, Johannes Guttenberg's invention of the printing press in Europe had a huge impact on civilization. Once upon a time the physical book was a challenging thing. We should remember this before we assume that technology is out to destroy traditional culture.81. Which of the following paragraphs briefly reviews the historical challenges for reading?A. Paragraph One.B. Paragraph Two.C. Paragraph Three.D. Paragraph Four.82. The following are all cited as advantages of e-books EXCEPT _____.A. multimodal contentB. environmental friendlinessC. convenience for readersD. imaginative design83. Which of the following can best describe how the author feels towardsingle-sentence-long novels?A. IronicB. Worried.C. Sarcastic.D. Doubtful.84. According to the passage, people need knowledge of modern technology and _____ to survive in the fast-changing society.A. good judgmentB. high sensitivityC. good imaginationD. the ability to focus85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Technology pushes the way forward for reading and writing.B. Interconnectivity is a feature of new reading experience.C. Technology is an opportunity and a challenge for traditional reading.D. Technology offers a greater variety of reading practice.TEXT BI know when the snow melts and the first robins (知更鸟) come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen.Spring cleaning.I'll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp. Today's busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher, much less clean the doormat. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. It interrupts the natural order."Honey, what say we spend the weekend beating the rugs, sorting through the boxes in the basement and painting our bedroom a nice lemony yellow?" I say."Can we at least wait until the NBA matches are over?" my husband answers.But I tell my family, spring cleaning can't wait. The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little League practice to start. Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground, but there is no lawn to seed, nor garden to tend. Newly wakened from our winter's hibernation (冬眠), yet still needing extra blankets at night, we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze and all of the natural world demanding "Awake and be clean!"Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring's first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepytime hormone (激素) our bodies produce when it's dark. When spring's light comes, the melatonin diminishes, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus-filled house we've been hibernating in for four months.I tell my family about the science and psychology of a good healthy cleaning at spring's arrival. I speak to them about life's greatest rewards waiting in the removal of soap scum from the bathtub, which hasn't been properly cleaned since the first snowfall."I'll do it," says the eldest child, a 21-year-old college student who lives at home. "You will? Wow!" I exclaim.Maybe after all these years, he's finally grasped the concept. Maybe he's expressing his rightful position as eldest child and role model. Or maybe he's going to Floridafor a break in a couple of weeks and he's being nice to me who is the financial-aid officer.No matter. Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12-year-old brother who, instead of working, is found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he is supposed to be cleaning."Awake and be clean!" I say.86. According to the passage, "...spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp" means that spring cleaning _____.A. is no longer an easy practice to understand.B. is no longer part of modern family life.C. requires more family members to be involved.D. calls for more complicated skills and knowledge.87. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be included in family spring cleaning?A. Beating the rugs.B. Cleaning the window.C. Restoring Wi-Fi services.D. Cleaning the backyard.88. Why does the author say “spring cleaning can't wait”?A. Because there will be more activities when it gets warmer.B. Because the air is fresher and the breeze is lighter.C. Because the whole family is full of energy at spring time.D. Because the snow is melting and the ground is thawing.89. Which of the following interpretations of the biologists' theory about melatonin is INCORRECT?A. The production of melatonin in our bodies varies at different times.B. Melatonin is more likely to cause sleepiness in our bodies.C. The reduction of melatonin will cause wakefulness in our bodies.D. The amount of melatonin remains constant in our bodies.90. Which of the following can best sum up the author's overall reaction to her adult son's positive response to spring cleaning?A. Surprised and skeptical.B. Elated and hesitant.C. Relieved and optimistic.D. Optimistic and hesitant.TEXT CThese days lots of young Japanese do omiai, literally, "meet and look." Many of them do so willingly. In today's prosperous and increasingly conservative Japan, the traditional omiai kekkon, or arranged marriage, is thriving.But there is a difference. In the original omiai, the young Japanese couldn't reject the partner chosen by his parents and their middleman. After World War II, many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of their American conquerors. The Western ren'ai kekkon, or love marriage, became popular; Japanese began picking their own mates by dating and falling in love.But the Western way was often found wanting in an important respect: it didn't necessarily produce a partner of the right economic, social, and educational qualifications. "Today's young people are quite calculating," says Chieko Akiyama,a social commentator.What seems to be happening now is a repetition of a familiar process in the country's history, the "Japanization" of an adopted foreign practice. The Western ideal of marrying for love is accommodated in a new omiai in which both parties are free to reject the match. "Omiai is evolving into a sort of stylized introduction," Mrs. Akiyama says.Many young Japanese now date in their early twenties, but with no thought of marriage. When they reach the age - in the middle twenties for women, the late twenties for men - they increasingly turn to omiai. Some studies suggest that as many as 40 % of marriages each year are omiai kekkon. It's hard to be sure, say those who study the matter, because many Japanese couples, when polled, describe their marriage as a love match even if it was arranged.These days, doing omiai often means going to a computer matching service rather than to a nakodo. The nakodo of tradition was an old woman who knew all the kids in the neighbourhood and went around trying to pair them off by speaking to their parents;a successful match would bring her a wedding invitation and a gift of money. But Japanese today find it's less awkward to reject a proposed partner if the nakodo is a computer.Japan has about five hundred computer matching services. Some big companies, including Mitsubishi, run one for their employees. At a typical commercial service, an applicant pays $80 to $125 to have his or her personal data stored in the computer for two years and $200 or so more if a marriage results. The stored information includes some obvious items, like education and hobbies, and some not-so-obvious ones, like whether a person is the oldest child. (First sons, and to some extent first daughters, face an obligation of caring for elderly parents.)91. According to the passage, today's young Japanese prefer _____.A. a traditional arranged marriage.B. a new type of arranged marriage.C. a Western love marriage.D. a more Westernized love marriage.92. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. A Western love marriage tends to miss some Japanese values.B. Less attention is paid to the partner's qualification in arranged marriages.C. Young Japanese would often calculate their partner's wealth.D. A new arranged marriage is a repetition of the older type.93. According to the passage, the figure 40% (Paragraph Five) is uncertain because _____.A. there has been a big increase in the number of arranged marriages.B. Western love marriage still remains popular among young Japanese.C. young Japanese start dating very early in their life in a Western tradition.D. the tendency for arranged marriages could be stronger than is indicated.94. One of the big differences between a traditional nakodo and its contemporary version lies in the way _____.A. wedding gifts are presented.B. a proposed partner is refused.C. formalities are arranged.D. the middleman/woman is chosen.95. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?。
2011年6月英语四级(CET4)真题
黑豆是大豆的一种，含较丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物以及胡萝卜素、维生素B1、B2、烟酸等营养物质，并含少量的大豆黄酮甙染料木苷。
这两种物质均有雌激素样作用。
黑豆叶中含叶酸、亚叶酸、核黄素、维生素A及类胡萝卜素等。
黑豆衣含果胶、乙酰丙酸和多种糖类。
黑豆味甘性平，入脾经、肾经。
黑豆有活血、利水、祛风、解毒之功效。
因此食用黑豆有助于改善黄体功能和促排卵。
1、黑豆糯米粥功效：改善黄体功能不足用料：黑豆30克、糯米60克做法：将黑豆、糯米洗干净，放在锅内（我习惯用高压锅，做出来软烂，好吃，而且时间短），加水适量，用温火煮成粥。
每日服用。
在这个时间段吃，效果会更好：PL 后体温升高后喝。
我建议：还可以加点黑芝麻和大枣，更有营养。
2、黑豆/ 黑豆豆浆 / 黑豆汤①黑豆汤功效：促卵泡发育、补充雌激素泡一个晚上，然后加水煮汤大概慢火1小时左右，豆子就比较软了，每天吃50颗左右就着一小碗汤，喝6-7天（从YJ完了以后）②黑豆功效：补充雌激素将若干黑豆用清水浸泡12小时左右，然后用清水煮至熟透，可少放一点盐。
从月经结束后第一天起，每天吃47颗，连吃6天。
好孕的黑豆怎么选？又黑又亮的，看起来很漂亮，但别被它表面欺骗了，这是旧货。
新鲜的黑豆上附着一层白霜。
扳开里面有点青色的是上等货，白白的是普通货。
因此想好孕、调理月经的姐妹们一定要睁大眼睛选好黑豆了。
红糖姜茶的做法红糖姜茶的制作非常简单，将30克生姜切丝入锅，放入约250毫升的水，放两勺红糖，煮开即可。
早晨饮用最佳。
功效：暖宫、活血方法：用250克红糖加150克生姜，生姜剁的碎碎的，隔水蒸30分钟原料：红糖、金丝枣、姜。
做法：1、将红糖、无核金丝枣、姜片放入炖煮的容器中；2、注入适量清水（用矿泉水最好）；3、盖上盖子，炖煮半个小时即可。
（我是直接放到蒸锅上隔水蒸的）小提示：1、红枣用这种无核免洗的金丝枣最好，用普通红枣、滩枣也可以；2、如果没有时间的话，直接把几种材料用热水泡着喝也可以；3、适当服用即可，多喝容易上火；4、经期不要服用，以免血量过多；5、糖尿病患者不宜服用。
浙江省杭州市萧山区瓜沥片2011-2012学年八年级英语5月四科联赛试题 人教新目标版
某某省某某市萧山区瓜沥片2011－2012学年第二学期5月四科联赛英语试题考生须知：1.本试卷满分120分，考试时间90分钟。
2.答题前，在答题纸上写上学校、某某、班级、考号。
3.必须在答题纸的对应答题位置答题，写在其他地方无效。
4.做听力题时，先将答案划在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有一分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
5.考试结束后，试卷和答题纸一并上交。
Ⅰ听力部分（25分）一、听短对话，回答问题（共5小题，计5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试题的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man going to be?A. An actor.B. An engineer.C. A pilot.2. How long is the man staying in Beijing?A. For two days.B. For three days.C. For four days.3. Why can’t Tony go to Andy’s birthday party?A. He has to get ready for a math test.B. He has to get ready for an English test.C. He has to do some housework.4. When is the boy’s father leaving for Sydney?A. On January 1st.B. On July 12th.C. On November 20th.5. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a bookshop.B. In a fruit shop.C. At a bus station.二、听较长对话，回答问题（共6小题，计12分）听下面两段对话，选择正确的答案，每段对话读两遍。
2011年大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)B类初赛真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2011年大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）B类初赛真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Listening Comperhension 2. Multiple Choice 3. Cloze 4. Reading Comperhension 5. Translation 6. IQ Test 7. WritingPart I Listening ComperhensionSection A听力原文：W: Have you seen The Agents, the Mel Rivers movie?M: Yeah, I first saw it on television when I was sixteen. There were moments when I just couldn’ t stop laughing. It’s silly but it’s very warm. I love the friendship that develops between the two main characters.1．The man thinks the movie was very______.A．excitingB．funnyC．romantic正确答案：B解析：男士提到电影The Agents时感慨道“There were moments when I just couldn’t stop laughing．”可知他觉得这部电影有意思，故选B。
听力原文：M: Can you tell me how much it costs to get into Sudeley Castle? W: Yes, it costs ￡4. 50 for adults and ￡3 for children.2．How much does it cost for a couple with two children to get into the castle?A．￡15B．￡10.50.C．￡12.正确答案：A解析：女士说成人票价是4．5英镑，儿童是3英镑。
2011年英语四级真题试卷及详解(超全)
2011年6月四级英语真题Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1．现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2．网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3．我的建议Online Shopping注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with theinformation given in the passage.British Cuisine: the Best of Old and NewBritish cuisine (烹饪) has come of age in recent years as chefs (厨师) combine the best of old and new.Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say."The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England," the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston BlumenthaPs molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish."It's no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food," Tomes says.There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the War, much of Britain's food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配给)."As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food," Tomes says. "And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens."They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital's culinary (烹饪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. "With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up," says David Tamlyn, the Welsh executive chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai. "Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes."Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restaurants are modifying the recipes (菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life into the classics, while others areusing better quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes.Tamlyn is in the second camp. "We select our food very particularly. We use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊)we use Bird's Custard Powder," Tamlyn says. "Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that."Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Yorkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. "There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. We're a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged."These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and perhaps the most gentlemen's club-like in design, Neil Tomes explains his passion for provenance (原产地)."Britain has started to become really proud of the food it's producing. It has excellent organic farms, beautifully crafted cheeses, high-quality meats."However, the British don't have a history of exporting their foodstuffs, which makes it difficult for restaurants in Hong Kong to source authentic ingredients."We can get a lot of our ingredients once a week from the UK," Tamlyn explains. "But there is also pressure to buy local and save on food miles, which means we take our vegetables from the local markets, and there are a lot that work well with British staples."The Phoenix, in Mid-Levels, offers the widest interpretation of "British cuisine", while still trying to maintain its soul. The gastro-pub has existed in various locations in Hong Kong since 2002. Singaporean head chef Tommy Teh Kum Chai offers daily specials on a blackboard, rather than sticking to a menu. This enables him to reinterpret British cuisine depending on what is available in the local markets."We use a lot of ingredients that people wouldn't perhaps associate as British, but are presented in a British way. Bell peppers stuffed with couscous, alongside ratatouille, is a very popular dish."Although the ingredients may not strike diners as being traditional, they can be found in dishes across Britain.Even the traditional chefs are aware of the need to adapt to local tastes and customs, while maintaining the Britishness of their cuisine.At Yorkshire Pudding, Hill says that his staff asks diners whether they would like to share their meals. Small dishes, shared meals and "mixing it up" is not something commonly done in Britain, but Yorkshire Pudding will bring full dishes to the table and offer individual plates for each diner. "That way, people still get the presentation of the dishes as they were designed, but can carve them up however they like," Hill says.This practice is also popular at The Pawn, although largely for rotisseries (烤肉馆),Tamlyn says. "Some tables will arrive on a Sunday, order a whole chicken and a shoulder of lamb or a baby pig, and just stay for hours enjoying everything we bring out for them."Some British traditions are too sacred (神圣的)to mess with, however, Tomes says. "I'd never change a full English breakfast."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2011年专业英语四级考试真题及答案
answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer
Sheet Two.
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
In this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations
Now, listen to the conversation.
1. Which of the statements about the auto show is INCORRECT?
A. The show will have more stands this year.
B. The show will have more visitors this year.
C. air travellers usually enjoy upgraded conditions
D. airlines always provide good in-flight entertainment
13. Older planes can stay safe for more than 25 years because of the following EXCEPT
to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be
read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The
2011年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试卷(D类真题) 和答案
2011 National English Contest for College students(Level D-Preliminary)Part 1 Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A (5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations. Each conversation will be read only once.After each conversation, there will be a pause. During the pause, reading the question and the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the sheet witha single line through the centre.1. How will the price be determined?A. By calling the company.B. By asking the salesman.C. By looking at the price list.2. Where most probably are the two speakers?A. A t a bus stop.B. On a train.C. In a car.3. What are the two speakers talking about?A. What to have for lunch.B. Whether or not to eat out.C. How to get to the conference.4. Who is the man talking to?A. A baker’s deliver service.B. An office supply store salesperson.C. A book designer.5. What is Bart concerned about?A. Finishing the report on time.B. Meeting the chairman of the boardC. Convincing Judith to help himSection B (10 marks)In this section, you will hear two conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. After each conversation, there will be a once-minute pause. During the pause, read the five questions, each with the there choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best choice. Then mark the cirr1esponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Conversation 16. Why dose Ruth call Jackie.A. To invite him to a party.B. To ask him to buy some food.C. To ask him to send some invitations.7. What do you know about Ben’s new job?A. It is in London.B. His is going to work for a magazineC. His is going to become a teacher8. Where are they going to have the party?A. In a flatB. In a restaurantC. In a public hall9. What is being prepared for the party?A. A danceB. A film showC. Some French food10. When will Jackie meet Ruth?A. At nine o’clockB. At a quarter to nineC. At ten o’clockConversation 211. What are they talking about?A. Tony’s daily scheduleB. Tony;s school lifeC. tony;s job.12. Where dose the man work now?A. At a bank.B. In a hospital.C. At a school.13. When did the man get up when he is a student?A. At 5:30.B. At8:30.C. At lunchtime.14. What dose the man have to wear to work?A. JeansB. A suitC. A T-Shirt.15. What is one advantage s of the man’s job?A. He can use the internet.B. He has long holidays.C. He is paid a good salary. Section C (5 Marks)In this section you will hear a monologue. The monologue will be read twice. After the monologue, there will be a pause. During the pause, read the five questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.16. Where did the thief steal the cars from?A. GardensB. Showrooms.C. Garages17. What was the thief’s job?A. A salesman.B. A doctor.C. A cleaner18. What did the thief do with the cars that he stole?A. He cleaned them, and then left them at the side of the road.B. He painted them and then kept them.C. He sold them to other people.19. What’s the punishment for the thief’s behavior?A. A long jail sentence.B. Cleaning all the cars that he stole.C. A fine of f4000.20. How long was the thief’s marriage to Mary?A. 36 years.B. 13 years.C. 48 years.Section D (10 marks)In this section, there is a short passage which will be read twice. Listen to the passage carefully, and then fill in the blanks with the words or phrases you hear on the tape. Remember to write down the answers on the answer sheet.InBritain, there are two occasions each year when people usually receive presents: on Christmas day and on their birthdays. In the past, the 21st birthday was (21) _____because it symbolized becoming an adult. People (22) ______received a silver key on that day to symbolize opening the door to the adult world. Today, people inBritainlegally become adults at the age of (23) _____so they often have the biggest celebration on that birthday.The customer of giving gifts on 25 December only (24) _____ Victorian times. Before that it was more common for people inBritainto (25)_____presents on New Year’s eve or Twelfth Night. These days ,on Christmas Eve parents put presents for young children in ‘stocking’ and hang them on the end of their presents. Gifts for older children believe that Santa Claus came during the night and (26) _____ them their presents. Gifts for older children and grown-up are (27) _____the Christmas tree on Christmas Eve. Then, on Christmas morning, everyone sits around the tree and opens their presents.Easter and Mother’s Day are also important days. Young children usually receive (28) _____at Easter and most people often give presents to their mothers on M other’s Day. People also receive gifts on important occasions in their lives. For example, all the guests (29) _____usually bring a gift for the bride and groom. And these days, students sometimes get presents from their parents if they (30) _____their exams! Part 5 V ocabulary and Structure (15)There are 15 incomplete sentences. For each blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.31. It goes without ____that you’ll be paid for all this extra time you’re spending on the project.A. sayingB. tellingC. talkingD. speaking32. We ____the money to your money market account within three working days.A. have been transferredB. will transferC. transferringD. will be transferred33. The colorful illustrations included in the new edition if the book make it ____attractive.A. much moreB. most of allC. the moreD. that most34. The crew worked so hard that they finished eh entire project three days ____ of schedule.A. forwardB. aheadC. soonD. advanced35. Her Olympic experience gave her a bid ____ over the other contestants.A. with whichB. to thatC. withD. to which36. It is useful to be able to predict the extent ____ a price change will affect supply and demands.A. learn aboutB. worthwhileC. valuableD. valuing37. The old lady became worried when she didn’t ____- her son for a whole month.A. learn aboutB. hear ofC. hear fromD. learn from38. He decided it wasn’t _____ reading the report as he’d been informed of all the changes already.A. worthyB. worthwhileC. valuableD. valuing39. They have taken measures to solve the city’s pollution problem, but it may be some time___ the s ituation improves.A. give inB. bloomingC. bloomD. bloomed40. Large companies sometimes try to ____smaller companies by buying a majority of the shares.A. give inB. suggestedC. persuadedD. implied41. Using recent developments in science and technology, man can make various flowers ____before their time.A. give inB. get upC. look afterD. take over41. Using recent developments in science and technology, man can make various flowers _____before their time.A. insistedB. suggestedC. persuadedD. implied42. Our neighbours have ______us to buy the same kind of carpeting that they have.A. insistedB. suggestedC. persuadedD. implied43. –excuse me,______?Yes. That’s one glass of white wine, one mineral water and one sandwich. Ten pounds, please.Thanks, is service includes?No.Ok , here you are.A. can we have the bill, pleaseB. what would you like to have.C. do you have any hamburgersD. could you please get me some water44. Reception , how may I help you?There isn’t soap in the bathroom!______, sir.Thanks you. Can I have some shower gel, and some shaving cream, too, please?Sorry. We don’t provide shaving cream, but there’s some shower gel in the bathroom cabinet.A. You can buy some in the shop.B. I’ll send some to your room right awayC. I’m really sorry to hear thatD. That’s impossible. There must be some.45. Hello. I’d like to speak to Julie, please.I’m afraid she isn’t here right now. _____?Yes. This is her friend M ark. I’m calling to ask her if she’d like to see a movie tomorrow night.Okay. I’ll give her the message.Thanks.A. would you like to hold on?B. Do you know when she will be backC. Would you like to see a movie tonightD. Can I take a message.Part 3 close(15 marks)Read the passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose he word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form if the given word, or by using the given letter of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.This is Matt Drudge, millionaire founder and owner of the Drudge Report, the first and most successful online ‘newspaper’. People have called Drudge the ultimate blogger but he doesn’t accept this (46)______(describe). He considers the Drudge Report to be a proper newspaper, very different (47 _______the thousands of weblogs which have sprung up on the internet.Drudge’s fascination for news and gossip stems form a childhood job (48) d_____ papers for The Washington Star, which gave him plenty of time and o_____ to catch up with the latest news.Drudge was (50)______(interest) in school work or sport. However, he developed an obsession (51) ____ rumors and political gossip. At school his only good marks for (52) c____ affairs. Following a series of dead-end jobs Drudge ended up in los angels in the 1990s, just in (53) ____ for the beginning of what was to become the internet.The World Wide Web was a fertile hunting (54) g_____ for Drudge. He spend hours sifting through the newsgroups and websites that then existed, searching (55) _____ rumors and inside stories from the political and entertainment worlds. He launched the Drudge Report website in 1995, (56) ______ has become a daily ‘rumor bulletin’ expressing his version of the latest and juiciest gossip fromHollywoodandWashington. Always managing to be the first with (57) ____ (break) news, Drudge’s success was assured when he became the first person to publicise the Monica Lewinsky scandal in 1998.Now with an income of over a million dollars a year and many thousands of (58) _____ (subscribe), the Drudge Report has become a ‘must see’ resource for those hungry for the latest news and gossip. Will the ever-increasing availability of news on the internet mean the (59) e____ for its older rival, the conventional newspaper? Drudge doesn’t think so. He thinks the two working (60) t______.Part 5 reading comprehension (40 marks)Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. Respond to the questions according to the passage. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Section A (10 marks)On the evening of his 18th birthday, a teenager from a tiny village in northernGermanyclicked ‘send’ on his computers in hospitals and blanks in Hong Kong, china had crashed, and trains inAustraliaand theUSAand stopped.In court a few months later, the teenager, Sven Jaschan, was charged with criminal damage. He was found guilty of putting the terrible ‘Sasser’ computer virus on th e internet and received a 21-month suspended sentence. He avoided prison because he was only eighteen when he committed the crime. The virus infected millions of computer systems across the world, and caused millions of dollars damage.Sven admitted his guilt to the detectives who came to his home. He had spent an enormous amount of time creating the Sasser virus on the computer in his bedroom. He often spent ten hours a day in front of his computer but his parents hadn’t known what he was doing at t he time.When he released the virus on the internet, he didn’t realize it would cause so much damage.He was just delighted that in had worked. ‘I felt as if I had written a first-class essay’, said Sven. ‘I told my classmates- they thought it was t errific.’ But his feelings changed very quickly. He was terrified when se saw a TV news report about the virus and damage it had caused.Detectives arrested Sven after one of his classmates contacted Microsoft and told them about him.Microsoft had offered a $250,000 reward for information about the virus. However, Sven’s teachers at school were astonished that Sven had created the virus. They said that he wasn’t a brilliant computer student. ‘there are others in the class who are better than him,’ o ne teacher said!While he was waiting for his waiting for his trial to start, Sven left school and started work. He now works for a computer company, making ‘firewalls’ –vital pieces of software that protect computers from viruses!Questions 61-62: read the questions and the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best choice according to the passage.61. What was Sven Jaschan’s crime?A. He stole a lot of computers.B. He created a computer virus.C. He created a computer virus.D. He robbed a big bank.62. Why wasn’t Sven sent to prison?A. Because he was too young.B. Because he wasn’t found guilty.C. Because he admitted his guilty to detectives.D. Because he worked for a big company.Question 63-65: read the passage, and then complete the following statements in no more than four words for each blanks.63. When Sven released the virus on the internet, he was at first _____, then frightened.64. The police caught Sven using information given to Microsoft by____.65. In the last paragraph, the word meaning ‘very important’ is ____.Section B (10 MARKS)Esquire1 year, 12 issuesPrice: $ 7.97Esquire is lifestyle magazine aimed at professional men. The goal of the editors is to provide a broad scope of information of interest to this magazine, including business, health, fitness, fashion, sports, entertainment, family life and arts.Boy’s life1 years, 10 issuesPrice: $ 23.00Boy’s life is to entertain and educate all boys and to open their eyes to joyous world of reading. It includes a mix of new, nature, sports, history, fiction, science, entertainment, and comics. For boys aged 7 to 14.Nick1 year, 12 issuesPrice: $ 24.00Nick is filled with wonderful entertainment for children, aged 6 to 14. it is wholesome, imaginative and truly from a child’s point of view. Nick sees the world from your child’s perspective. Share the award-winning entertainment and humor magazine from NIck with your kids.Seventeen1 year, 12 issuesPrice: $ 12.00Seventeen is the world’s most popular magazine for today’s teenage girls! In every issue you’ll get the latest scoop on style, friends, guys, college, careers, the stars and love, as well as hot tips on beauty, fashion, fitness, entertainments and relationships. Each issue of seventeen has exciting features, including fiction, quizzes, music, videos, trends and so much more. And don’t forget the really cool articles, such as the ever-favorite Trauma-Rama. If it’s important to today’s young women, it’s in Seventeen.Questions 66-69: Answer the following questions according to the passage.66. Which magazine is the cheapest according to the advertisements?67. How old are the boys that Boys’ Life aims at?68. If you need to choose a magazine from the above listed for a 7-year-old girl, how much do youNeed to pay a year?69. Who may be the most interested in Seventeen?Questions70:Read the question and the four choices marked A, B, C, and D, and decide which is the best choice according to the passage.70. What information is contained in all the four magazines?A. Career.B. Entertainment.C. College.D. Business.Section C(10 marks)Many doctors know the story of ‘Mr Wright’. In 1957 he was diagnosed with cancer, and g iven only days to live. He heard tumors the size of oranges. He heard that scientists had discovered a new medication, Kerbionzen, which was effective against cancer, and he begged his doctor to give him the drug. His physician, Dr Philip West, finally agreed. Mr Wright was given an injection on a Friday afternoon, the astonished doctor found his patients out of his ‘death bed’, joking with the nurses the following Monday. ‘The tumurs,’ the doctor wrote later, ‘had melted like snow balls on a hot stove.’ Ac tually, Mr Wright had not been given a drug, just a mix of salt and water.This story has been ignored by doctors for a long time, dismissed as one of those strange tales that medicine cannot explain. The idea that what a patient believes can make a fatal disease go away is regarded as just too strange However, no scientists are discovering that placebo effect is more powerful than anyone had ever thought. They are also beginning to discover how such miraculous results are achieved. (74) Through new techniques in brain imagery, it has been shown that a thought, a belief or a desire can cause chemical processes in the brain which can have powerful effects on the body.Placebos are ‘lies that heal’, said Dr Anne Harrington, a science historian atHavardUniversity. ‘The word placebo is Laitin for “I shall please” or “I shall make you happy” and it is typically a treatment that a doctor gives to anxious patients to please them,’ she said. ‘It looks like medication, but has no healing ingredients whatever.’ Nowadays, doctors have much more deffective medicines to fight disease, but these treatments have not diminished the power of the placebo –quite the opposite. (75)Maybe when scientists fully understand how they work, the powerful healing effects of the human maind will be used more systematically.Questions 71-73:Read the passage, and then say whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).71.Wr Wright was given a new cancer medication which contained healing ingredienes.72.After Dr Philip West gave Mr Wright the injection, Mr Wright got better.73.Scientists are discovering that placebos don’t have any effect at all.Questions 74-75: Translate the underlined sentences 74 and 75.Section D (10 marks)Robots are useful inexploring space because they can work in the conditions which exist in space. Such robots usually look like boxes with wheels. Though these robots are useful, however, they are extremely expensive-they break easily and they are cannot do very many tasks. Because of these problems, scientists have been working on a new and unusual kind of robot. These new robots will look and move like snakes, so they have been given the name ‘snakebots’.The way a snake is shaped allows it to do special things, such as getting into very small spaces, like cracks in rocks. Snakes can also push themselves underground, and climb up different kinds of objects, like rocks and trees. Such abilities account for the usefulness of robots designed like snakes, because they will be able to do these things, too. Such robots would be much more effective than regular robots with wheels. Wheeled robots easily get stuck and fall over, but snakebots would not have these problems. They could go almost anywhere and so would be useful for exploringth different environments of other planets. Since they can carry tools, snakebots would be able to work in space, as well. They could, for example, help repair the Internetion Space Station.How do you make a robot shaped like a snake? A snakebot is put together like a chain, made of about thirty parts, or modules. Each module is basically the same-they all containa computer and a wheel to aid movement. The computer in the ‘head’ of the snake makes the modules work together. If one module fails, another can easily take its place. Snakebot modules can also carry different kinds of tools, as well as cameras. Since each module is actually a robot in itself, each module can work apart from the restif necessary.The snakebot design is much simpler than of most common robots. Thus, snakebots will be much less expensive to build. One of the robots sent to Mars cost a hundred million dollars to build. However, snakebots cost as little as a few dollars to make and could therefore save . enormous amounts of money on future space missions ,With their versatility and affordability , snakebots will be the way of the future; at least as far as space robots are concerned.Questions 76~80: read the passage carefully and then complete each space in the summary, using a maximum of three words from the passage.Summary:It is much easier to send robots, rather than people, into space, but scientists have found that robots with wheels are not the most (76)_____ ones. This is because there are many problems associated with today’s robots: they are very expensive, they (77)___ and cannot do many tasks. In fact, for exploring places with lots of obstacles to go over or under, (78)_____ word better than wheeled robots. They are made of separate parts, or (79)_______, each of which is actually a robot in itself. Snakebots can go almost anywhere and do many different kinds of tasks. It books as though robots shaped like snakes will be the way of the future owing to their (80) _____.Part 5 translation (10 marks)Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. Remember to write answer on the answer sheet.81. 请复习课堂上讨论过的要点，还有你自己感到混淆不清的地方。
2011年秋季英语考试
单项选择1)He could remember driving along the road just before the accident happened,but he couldn't remember theaccident itself.2)From eight o'clock until ten he was working in the garden,but since then he has been lying in the sun.3)The shopping centre wasn't as crowded this morning as it usually is.4)When the guest came off the plane,the president went forward and shook hands with him.5)Having entered the college,the students found they had many thing to adjust to.6）The whole family were having their dinner with the door closed.6)Ancient people also obtained fire from sparks produced when rocks were struck together.7)Eight times eight makes sixty-four.8)The famous dancer dislikes to be surrounded by crowds of her fans.9)It is known that Antarctica,the world's coldest continent,is hard to teach.变化词形1)He thought he was deliberately (deliberate)deceived by the host-country nationals.2)Many overseas students find it hard to interpret (interruption)the actions of people around them.3)He is competent (compete) at dealing with various kinds of people.4)She had a feeling of fatigue(fatigue) after a long flight from Beijing to London.5)He found that the strategy(strategic) he had used to influence other people didn't work any longer in the newenvironment.6)Many of us still have difficulty in distinguishing (distinguish) an American from an European by appearance.7)One is likely to experience physical and psychological (psychology)problems in the first few days when hemoves to another country.8)An overseas student is certainly faced with the necessity of studying,eating,shopping,commuting(commute),relaxing and sleeping.9)The unfamiliarity with the new environment impairs(impair) people's self-worth.10)In short(shortly), we call the feelings of disorientation, frustration and helplessness culture shock.11)Tom went on holiday alone because he was very independent(depend).12)The situation is giving us an explanation(explain) how the machine works.13)The situation is hopeless(hope) and they can hardly get out alive.14)Are we depressed(depress) by lower expectations?15)I was uncertain(certain) of the meaning of the sentence and made a wrong choice in the reading comprehension.16)He could hardly bear the loneliness(lonely) of a desert island and he was trying to find someone to accompanyhim.17)I was late in getting to the bus stop, but fortunately(fortunate) for me, the bus was late too.18)Immaturity(mature) indicates one is lack of control and good sense in his behavior.19)His life was devoted to (care for)caring for the sick and the needy.20)If either of the lines (be)is damaged, there will be a power-cut.21)He managed (find)to find the telephone number I had given him before.22)Don't you ever miss Joan? I know I do. I wish she (come)would come back home.23)What was it about this man that (enable)enabled me to reveal a different part of myself.24)Deisy realizes her husband has married her out of (loyal)loyalty rather than love.25)The nember of candidates for April GRE test hit record highs because it will be the last written test before theexamination becomes (computer)computerised.26)The chairman said, "The plan (discuss)being discussed now must be kept as a secret."27)Have you ever stopped o think how many of the everyday things in yours life are the product of someone's hardwork or (imagine)imagination genius.28)The lecture hall was almost empty. The speaker was disappointed at the poor (attend)attendance.单词搭配a shift in fashion 时装式样的改变 a shift in public opinion 公众舆论的改变industrial workers产业工人the day shift白班expansion of metals金属膨胀the night shift夜班the expansion of the school学校的扩张industrial area 工业地区expansion of one's business interest某人的商业利益的增加expansion of gases when heated气体受热膨胀industrial development 工业发展industrial revolution产业革命private world个人世界unknown rules未知的规则a given situation 某一特定情景host country东道国reduce the impact减少影响interpret the situations理解各种情形mix with people与人交往in economic terms从经济角度in short 简而言之cultural background 文化背景Enjoy the last moments享受最后的时光experience loneliness体验孤独accept the reality接受现实waste one's time浪费时间treasure time珍惜时间day and night日日夜夜Order dishes点菜give an explanation做出解释academic career学术生涯drown one's sorrows借酒消愁中译英1)汽车应有安全装置比如安全带和好的刹车。
2011年英语专业四级阅读真题
2011TEXT AWe have a crisis on our hands. You mean global warming? The world economy? No, the decline of reading. People are just not doing it anymore, especially the young. Who's responsible? Actually, it's more like, what is responsible? The Internet, of course, and everything that comes with it – Facebook, Twitter (微博). You can write your own list.There's been a warning about the imminent death of literate civilization for a long time. In the 20th century, first it was the movies, then radio, then television that seemed to spell doom for the written world. None did. Reading survived; in fact it not only survived, it has flourished. The world is more literate than ever before –there are more and more readers, and more and more books.The fact that we often get our reading material online today is not something we should worry over. The electronic and digital revolution of the last two decades has arguably shown the way forward for reading and for writing. Take the arrival of e-book readers as an example. Devices like Kindle make reading more convenient and are a lot more environmentally friendly than the traditional paper book.As technology makes new ways of writing possible, new ways of reading are possible. Interconnectivity allows for the possibility of a reading experience that was barely imaginable before. Where traditional books had to make do with photographs and illustrations, an e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links: to texts, pictures, and videos. In the future, the way people write novels, history, and philosophy will resemble nothing seen in the past.On the other hand, there is the danger of trivialization. One Twitter group is offering its followers single-sentence-long "digests" of the great novels. War and Peace in a sentence? You must be joking. We should fear the fragmentation of reading. There is the danger that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span—that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration.In such a fast-changing world, in which reality seems to be remade each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us. This has always been the function of literature and we should be careful not to let it disappear. Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility of someone utterly in tune with modern technology but able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world.In the 15th century, Johannes Guttenberg's invention of the printing press in Europe had a huge impact on civilization. Once upon a time the physical book was a challenging thing. We should remember this before we assume that technology is out to destroy traditional culture.TEXT CThese days, lots of young Japanese do omiai, literally, "meet and look." Many of them do so willingly. In today's prosperous and increasingly conservative Japan, the traditional omiai kekkon, or arranged marriage, is thriving.But there is a difference. In the original omiai, the young Japanese couldn't reject the partner chosen by his parents and their middleman. After World War II, many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of their American conquerors. The Western ren'ai kekkon, or love marriage, became popular; Japanese began picking their own mates by dating and falling in love.But the Western way was often found wanting in an important respect: it didn't necessarilyproduce a partner of the right economic, social, and educational qualifications. "Today's young people are quite calculating," says Chieko Akiyama, a social commentator.What seems to be happening now is a repetition of a familiar process in the country's history, the "Japanization" of an adopted foreign practice. The Western ideal of marrying for love is accommodated in a new omiai in which both parties are free to reject the match. "Omiai is evolving into a sort of stylized introduction," Mrs. Akiyama says.Many young Japanese now date in their early twenties, but with no thought of marriage. When they reach the age - in the middle twenties for women, the late twenties for men - they increasingly turn to omiai. Some studies suggest that as many as 40 % of marriages each year are omiai kekkon. It's hard to be sure, say those who study the matter, because many Japanese couples, when polled, describe their marriage as a love match even if it was arranged.These days, doing omiai often means going to a computer matching service rather than to a nakodo. The nakodo of tradition was an old woman who knew all the kids in the neighborhood and went around trying to pair them off by speaking to their parents; a successful match would bring her a wedding invitation and a gift of money. But Japanese today find it's less awkward to reject a proposed partner if the nakodo is a computer.Japan has about five hundred computer matching services. Some big companies, including Mitsubishi, run one for their employees. At a typical commercial service, an applicant pays $80 to $125 to have his or her personal data stored in the computer for two years and $200 or so more if a marriage results. The stored information includes some obvious items, like education and hobbies, and some not-so-obvious ones, like whether a person is the oldest child. (First sons, and to some extent first daughters, face an obligation of caring for elderly parents.)。
2011四校联考试卷
2011年顺德四校联考英语试题Reading and Writing Part读写部分（共70分)一、Choose the word with the same sound辩音。
找出A、B各题中划线部分的读音与所给单词划线部分读音相同的一项，并把A或B选项写在括号内。
（5分）（）1.clean A.east B.head（）2.big A.kite B.ship（）3.pencil A.get B.cinema（）4.stop A.shop B.go（） A.traffic B.cake二、Choose the correct answers.选择填空，将序号填在括号中。
（15分）（）1.I last weekend.A.went swimmingB.go swimmingC.go for a swim( )2.----How tall is he?-----He's 167 tall.A.mB.cmC.kg( )3.Sarah got a nice present yesterday,she looked .A.sadB.happyC.tired( )4.Nancy goes to school on foot,becauseA.it's fastB.her home is near.C.it's slow( )5.----- is your mother?She is a teacherA.WhoB.HowC.What( )6.----- go to the park with me?-------I'd love to,but I have something important to do.A.Shall weB.Would you like toC.Do you want to( )7.-------What's your father like?-------A.He likes footballB.He likes watching TVC.He is tall and strong( )8.I like ,because it's hot.I can swim in the sea.A.springB.fallC.summer( )9.My friend is than me.A.heavierB.heavyC.heaviest( )10.Where does the rain come from?It comes from theA.waterB.cloudsC.sun( )11.The woman is over seventy,but she looks so .A.tallB.thinC.young( )12.--------I like your skirt--------A.you're rightB.Thank youC.Certainly( )13.------I failed the Chinese test------A.I'm sorry to hear thatB.I'm happy to hear thatC.Sorry,I don't know( )14.I like apples they're sweet and yummyA.butB.andC.because( )15.Listen.The children in the classroomA.singB.are singingC.sings三、Reading comprehension阅读理解（共三篇，30分）（A）Read carefully and write "T" for true and "F" for false beside the statements.根据短文内容判断句子正误，对的写T，错的写F.（共五小题，10分）I'm John Black ,a math teacher at Park School.I get up at 6:30a.m every day.I eat two hamburgers and drink a cup of tea or coffee for breakfast.I leave home at 7:30 a.m and get to school at 8:30 ually I have three or four lessons a day.I'm always busy with my work at school.I drive home from work at 5:30 p.m"T" or "F"( )1.John is a teacher in a park( )2.John gets up at six thirty in the morning( )3.John eats breakfast in the school( )4.John goes to school at seven thirty( )5.Every day,John goes home on foot(B) Choose the correct answers according to the table根据图表内容选择正确答案将序号填在括号中（共五小题10分）Yummy Restaurant(Opening hours:11:00 am--10:00pm from Monday to Sunday)Soup/Salad Main Dish(主餐）Desert（甜点）/DrinkPotato Soup-----------$18 Onion Soup-----------$18 Tomato Soup---------$20 Egg Salad------------$15 Fruit Salad-----------$15 Ham Salad--------$18 Potato Salad-------$13 Tomato Salad-----$13 Steak--------------$45Seafood----------$50Roast Chicken--------$45Chicken LegWith vegetable--------$35Vegetable Pizza-------$40Fish and Chips-------$35Sausages----------$30Banana( )1.When does Yummy Restaurant open?A.At ten o'clock in the morningB.At eleven o'clock in the morningC.At one o'clock in the afternoon( )2.Does Yummy Restaurant open every day?A.Yes,it isB.Yes,it doesC.No,it doesn't( )3.How much is Fish and chips? A.$35 B.$30 C.$40( )4.Which is cheaper,onion soup or tomato soup?A.Tomato soupB.onion soupC.Sorry,I don't know( )5.Can we buy watermelon juice in Yummy restaurant?A.Yes,we canB.No,we can'tC.Sorry,I don't know(C )Read the passage and choose the correct answers.根据短文内容选择正确答案，将序号填在括号中（共五小题10分）Once there was a king.He liked to write stories.He thought his stories were good,so he liked to show them to people.As people were afraid(害怕）to criticize（批评）the king's stories,they all said that his stories were very good.One day,the king showed some of his best stories to a famous writer.He wanted the writer to say the words of praise（赞美）.But the writer said his stories were so bad that he should throw them into fire.the king got very angry with him and sent him to prison(监狱）After some time the king felt sorry for the writer and set him free.When the writer returned home from the prison,the king asked him to his palace（宫殿）.Again he showed him some of his new stories and asked what he thought about them.After reading,the writer at once turned to the soldier and said,"Take me back to prison,please."( )1.The king liked to .A.write some storiesB.read storiesC.tell his stories to peopleD.Both A and C( )2.All the people said that the king's stories were very good becauseA.people liked to listen to storiesB.people were afraid of the kingC.the stories were very interestingD.people can't write stories( )3.Which of the following sentences is true?A.The writer thought the king's stories were goodB.One day,the king showed some of his worst stories to a famous writerC.The king was happy to hear what the writer saidD.The writer was brave(勇敢的）( )4When the writer returned from prison,the king .A.asked him to come to his palaceB.asked him to write a good storyC.went to see himD.was very happy to see him( )5."Take me back to prison,please".What's the meaning of this sentence(这句话的意思是什么？）A.I want to go back to prisonB.The stories were still badC.The stories were about prisonD.I like the new stories very much四、Fill in the blanks to complete the sentences.根据中文意思，补全句子。
2011年秋七年级英语试卷
2011年秋七年级语、数、外联赛英语试题（满分120分，考试时间：120分钟） 命题人：龚璇琳(请同学们将所有答案写在答题卡上，只交答题卡！)听力部分II.听句子，选择合适的答语。
每个句子读一遍。
（5×1，=5，） ( ) 6. A. No, he doesn't. B. Yes, she does. C. Yes, I do. ( ) 7. A. Thrillers. B. Basketball. C. English.( ) 8. A. They're exciting. B. It's funny. C. I like seeing movies. ( ) 9. A. He's an actor. B. It's a new movie. C. It's boring.( ) 10. A. Yes, they're scary. B. No, she doesn't. C. Yes, he does.Ⅲ.听对话，回答问题。
每段对话读两遍。
（5×1，=5，） ( ) 11. What does the girl want to do?A. To play tennis.B. To go to the movies.C. To watch TV. ( ) 12. What kind of movies doesn't Sally like?A. Documentaries.B. Comedies.C. Action movies. ( )13. What does Alice like doing?A. Singing English songs.B. Playing soccer.C. Collecting balls. ( )14. What does Li Lei like doing?A. Reading books.B. Playing balls.C. Playing in the park. ( )15. What kind of fruits doesn't Mike like?A. Apples.B. Pears.C. Bananas. IV.听短文，选择正确的答案，短文读两遍。
2011届高三年级第三次四校联考英语试题
2011届高三年级第三次四校联考英语试题第Ⅰ卷(选择题：共115分)第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分, 不计入总分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How will the man travel?A. By bus.B.By train.C. By plane.2. Where does the conversation take place?A. At home.B. In the office.C. On the street.3. What does the man mean?A. He has lost his way.B. He wants to have his hair cut.C. He asks the woman to cut his hair.4. What is the man doing?A. Complaining about the service.B. Buying some goods.C. Asking for a comment card.5. What has the man probably done recently?A. Visit some relatives.B. Do nothing.C. Water the flowers.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第六段材料，回答第6至7题。
2011年9月公共英语四级考试真题及答案
2011年9月公共英语四级考试真题及答案Section I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) 听力 1-20略Section II Use of English (15 minutes) 英语常识根据下列材料，回答1-20问题。
In the past decade, new scientific developments in communications have changed the way many people gather information about politics. The most important of these new 21 is the Internet. Recent research suggests the use of the Internet for political information increases the 22 of participation.While a (n) 23 relationship between Internet news and political participation has been found, a theoretical link as to why the Internetis 24 from other media forms is largely 25 This research is an attempt to 26 the "black-box" linking the Internet and political participation by building on two theoretical 27 . The first, surge and decline theory, comes out of political science and the second, media systems dependency theory, 28 from communications. Both explanations focus on individual costs and benefits of political participation. The media can 29 the "costs" by providing sufficient information to make 30 decisions about voting. Previousresearch 31 that the Internet benefits the public through the cost side of the equation. One of the media's greatest 32 is information and the public 33 on media to provide them with the in-formation theyneed. 34 the Internet is capable of providing information 35 , and from a multitude of sources, one would expect it to 36 political action through lowering the cost of information.Besides lowering participation costs, the media can 37 increase the benefits of participation. Intense media 38 of an event such as an election can 39 excitement that increases the perceived "benefit" of participating. The Internet may encourage a unique participation benefit 40 increased mobilization efforts.21、A．technologiesB．materialsC．conceptsD．devices22、A．practicabilityB．feasibilityC．probabilityD．stability23、A．criticalB．analytical C．empirical D．technical24、A．specific B．unique C．particular D．peculiar25、A．built B．losing C．missing D．connected26、A．unpack B．unroll C．untie D．unfold27、A．experiments B．comments C．approaches D．investigations28、A．orientates B．initiates C．correlates D．originates29、A．alter B．decrease C．induce D．cover30、A．informed B．acceptedC．understood D．diversified31、A．declares B．denies C．promises D．argues32、A．databanks B．resources C．sources D．costs33、A．baseB．actC．rely D．live34、A．Because B．WhileC．If D．Although35、A．casually B．objectively C．readily D．skillfully36、A．advertise B．popularize C．manage D．encourage37、A．alsoB．yetC．onlyD．just38、A．interferenceB．statementC．coverageD．image39、A．generateB．promoteC．installD．expose40、A．forB．viaC．atD．fromSection III Reading Comprehension (60 minutes) 阅读理解AText 1Paul Johnson's A History Of The American People is what we have come to expect from this productive writer--clear, colorful narrative, vivid character sketches, marvelous research, sweeping, confident statements, and an insistent conservative viewpoint which tempts him into serious omissions.He will not conceal his opinions, he tells us.Good.Then we can judge his history free of pretences to objectivity--his or ours.Almost at start, we notice something interesting: Johnson passes quickly over a defining moment in American history--the Columbus story--important because it is the first lesson every American schoolchild learns.How you treat that story--what you choose to tell of it--signals your view of the longer American experience, reaching to our time.In school textbooks, Columbus has always been presented as a hero.Only recently has a new set of facts--always available but ignored--begun to get into public attention: that Columbus, on landing, and desperate for gold, encountered native Americans who were peaceful and generous ( by his own admission) and tortured them,kidnapped them, enslaved them, murdered them.John-son, who goes into much detail about other matters (like Ronald Reagan's jokes) is silent on this.Among his numerous references there is none to Bartolome de las Casas, an eyewitness, who de-scribed in detail the horrifying evils committed by Columbus and his fellowmen against the Indians, which resulted in the native population of Hispaniola being wiped out--genocide is an appropriate term--by the year 1550.I suggest this is not an innocent omission.Johnson wants us to look positively on the history of the United States.Yes, he says, there were "severe wrongs" committed in "the dispossession of a native people" and in the institution of slavery.But has the U.S., he asks at the start of his book, "made up for its organic sins"? His whole book suggests that it has, and that in doing so it has be-come (he says at the end) "a human achievement without parallel...the first, best hope for the hu-man race".Since Johnson has decided that the U.S.is "the first, best hope for the human race", he has shaped its history accordingly.If we prefer to see that history as a complex and unfinished struggle of Americans for justice, against militarism, for economic, racial and sexual equality, we are badly served by a flattering admiration of those in power, pretending to be a history of "the people".41、The first paragraph shows that the author's opinion of the book A History Of The American People isA．critical.B．objective.C．defensive.D．admiring.42、The way people have been treating Columbus story indicates their view of A．the American school education.B．great heroes in American history.C．the development of American history.D．the American society at present.43、The book makes no reference to Bartolome de las Casas probably because Paul JohnsonA．is a writer fond of omissions.B．isn't tempted to make references.C．bears an inborn hatred for horrifying evils.D．doesn't want to see the image of the U.S.stained.44、The word "genocide" ( Line 8, Paragraph 3) most probably meansA．killing of people of a particular race.B．driving-out of native inhabitants.C．extinction of a whole generation.D．assimilation of ethnic groups.45、The author would agree with the statement that the U.S.A．has compensated the natives for their earlier sufferings.B．has never committed serious evils to the natives in history.C．has not undone the wrongs committed in history.D．has become the best hope for the human race.Text 2In the 21 st century there's no doubt that frightening new infectious diseases will appear.Today new viruses are coming out of nature and "discovering" the human species.Just since 1994, at least 30 new viruses have appeared.Viruses are moving into the human species because there are more of us all the time.From a virus' point of view, we look like a free lunch that's getting bigger.In nature viral diseases tend to break out when populations increase rapidly and become densely packed.Then many deaths occur and the population drops.This is nature's population-control mechanism.There is no reason to think the human race is free from the laws of nature.Giving these laws an extra push will be the rise of megacities--huge densely packed cities in less developed nations.A United Nations study predicts that by the year 2015, there will be 26 ex-tremely big cities on the planet.By then, some megacities could have 30 million or more people.That is approximately the total population of California.Imagine all the people in California crowded together tightly into one vast city.Then remove most doctors and medical care, take away basic sanitation and hygiene, and you have a biological "time bomb".Now make eight or ten such "bombs" and plant them around the world.Also consider the biological weapons the world will be capable of producing in the future.The 20th century saw the creation of great and terrible weapons based on the principles of nuclear physics.The 21st century will see great and terrible weapons based on the knowledge of DNA and the genetic code.As biotechnology becomes more sophisticated and powerful, biologists will learn how to mix genes of different microbes to create unnatural strains that can be turned into deadly, effective weapons.Biological weapons are a disgrace to biology.Most biologists haven't wanted to talk or even think about them.The physicists lost their innocence when the first nuclear bomb went off in 1945.The biologists will lose their innocence when the first biological weapon spreads through the human species.Yet the 20th century survived despite the existence of the nuclear bomb.There was great economic and scientific progress and much human happiness.The same can be true in the next century.We may not completely win the 21st century microbe war, but I am confident that we won't lose it.46、Infectious diseases are more likely to occur whereA．different human races are mixed in living.B．many people live in crowded communities.C．population drops due to nature's control mechanism.D．new viruses appear for the first time.47、It can be seen from the text that the author views extremely large cities as a(n)A．possible control mechanism of the nature.B．terrible burden in terms of public sanitation and hygiene.C．potential biological threat to human health.D．inevitable outcome of the law of nature.48、The author implies in the text thatA．weapons now fall into quite different categories.B．biological war may break out any time.C．most scientists are against nuclear weapons.D．science is liable to be used to create great evils.49、As to the solution of the problems in the future, the author appears to be A．somewhat doubtful.B．much skeptical.C．moderately optimistic.D．extremely desperate.50、What does the text mainly discuss?A．Threats from the new microbes in the next century.B．How new viruses affect the human society.C．What megacities may bring to human species.D．The disastrous effect of nuclear and biological weapons.Text 3Given the fact that each person is only one of approximately 90 million voters in this country, does it make sense to believe that one person's participation, one vote, will have any impact on a major election? Simply to raise the question "What if everyone felt the same way?" does not re-move the lingering impression that a single person is made to feel insignificant by the enormous number of people who do go to the polls, especially in a national election.Supporters of the ruling elite theory insist that even though voters are given a choice among candidates, their choice is restricted to a narrow range of similar-minded individuals approved by the ruling elite.Elections do not express what most people want or need, nor do they provide guidance for politicians (evenif they want it) on what policies to enact.In this view, elections are primarily just rituals that perform a symbolic function for society.Still, since most people continue to show faces at the polls at one time or another, what argu-ments can be made in favor of voting? One argument is that voting does have significance, if not in individual impact, then in group pressure.Because citizens collectively have the power to give or withhold votes, they directly control the term in office of elected officials.Even if the choice is between Tweedledee and Tweedledum, Tweedledee knows that one must be accountable and this is fixed by law, and that minimally he or she must strive to avoid displeasing the constituents to lose the job.But perhaps political effectiveness and impact in voting are not the only consideration anyway.People do not vote only to influence lions go to the effort to register and vote for a variety of other reasons as well.Some people may participate just to avoid feeling guilty about not voting.They may have been taught that is their patriotic duty to vote and that they have no right to complain about the outcome if they stay at home.Still others may vote to derive satisfaction from feeling that they are somehow participants, not just spectators, in an exciting electoral contest.Even if their one vote may not be crucial to the outcome, it nevertheless affirms their role in and support for the political process.Indeed, perhaps it is this final need that fuels the desire for full democratic participation among people in many nations of the world.51、What is the true nature of elections according to the ruling elite theory? A．They are routine practices in a modern society.B．They are political gathering for a small number of people.C．They are deceptive schemes manipulated by the ruling party.D．They are chances for those who want to utter their wishes.52、According to Paragraph 3, people go to the polls because theyA．believe it's their responsibility to vote.B．believe their collective power makes a difference.C．want to show the strength and impact of each individual.D．don't want to risk losing their jobs.53、"Tweedledee and Tweedledum" (Line 5, Paragraph 3 ) is used to refer to A．two voting individuals in an election.B．whatever parties in office.C．whichever candidates in an election.D．supporters in different constituencies.54、What can be learnt from the last two paragraphs?A．The end result is decided by every step in the process.B．Democracy is more of a practice than of a theory.C．Participation will rid voters of any guilty conscience.D．Supporting the winner may bring great excitement.55、Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．Why Vote?B．How to Vote?C．Whom to Vote for?D．Do Elections Work?Text 4As time goes on, how to do good critical thinking is increasingly marginalized or even left out of the modem educational process.Critical thinking involves a mental process that is highly disciplined and therefore requires most practitioners to be trained in it.This training is best begun in the formative years, and it is best taught by energetic, motivated teachers who continually challenge, and debate, and demand increasingly rigorous thinking of their young students.However, as in all things, it is never too late to begin.Critical thinking is the process of evaluating and analyzing a proposition or an argument that has been offered to the thinker, for criticism, as being true.There follows a process of reasoning, evaluation of the offered evidence, and reflection, always begun from a point of skepticism.A proper critique of the offered argument involves more than direct observation.Besides reasoning, cognition and experience, proper critical thinking also involves intellectual values that go beyond the specific argument or object being critically examined.These intellectual values involve objective truth.Objective truth is that truth which comes from somewhere outside of our minds.Subjective truth is that truth which comes from within us; that which we feel, or sense, or believe to be true.Objective truth stands alone, and does not depend upon us to remain true; it's completely independent of the mind of man.No matter what we think a-bout it, how we think about it, or even if we think about it, objective truth remains objective truth, unchanged, and impervious.Objective truth must always be taken into consideration in order to do good critical thinking.There are different forms of objective truth, ranging from solid to ephemeral.In the "hard science" fields, such as mathematics, physics and chemistry, the most recognized objective truths involve proven mathematical formulae, or recognized scientific laws, or widely recognized and as yet unrefuted scientific theories.These "hard" objective truths are taken by the critical thinker to be axioms or givens, and thus, useful tools to help in the critical thinking process.The process thereby builds upon a foundation of previously proven truth.No matter how technically advanced we ever become, we are all, individually and collectively, called to think about things.It is our human nature.56、It is suggested that the training of critical thinking in the formative yearsis best conducted by teachersA．because it requires well-organized mental activity.B．because it has been stressed in modern education.C．who marginalize the traditional idea of education.D．who can direct students towards rigorous thinking.57、A good critical thinker alwaysA．involves more direct observations than pure reasoning.B．takes an argument for granted at the beginning.C．begins with a skeptical attitude towards an argument.D．puts more emphasis on intellectual v alues.58、Objective truth is regarded asA．indispensable in the critical thinking process.B．unchanged human beliefs.C．unrefuted in scientific theories.D．outcomes of "hard science".59、What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A．Technology has little to do with critical thinking.B．Critical thinking is a process of trial and error.C．Scientific theories are developed from scientific laws.D．Scientific truth is a foundation for critical thinking.60、Which of the following best summarizes the text?A．Patterns of critical thinking.B．Essence of critical thinking.C．Methods of critical thinking.D．Criteria of critical thinking.阅读理解BIn his lectures at the Lyceum, a school that remained for centuries one of the great centers of learning in Greece, Aristotle defined the basic concepts and principles of many of the sciences.61 ) In the first place, Aristotle criticized Plato's theory of Forms by arguing that forms could not exist by themselves but existed only in particular things, which are composed of both form and matter. He understood substances as matter organized by a particular form.Nature, for Aristotle, is an organic system of things whose forms make it possible to arrange them into classes comprising species and genera. Each species, he believed, has a form, purpose, and mode of development in terms of which it canbe defined. 62) The aim of science is to define the essential forms, purposes, and modes of development of all species and to arrange them in their natural order in accordance with their complexities of form. The main levels are the inanimate, the vegetative, the animal, and the rational. 63) The soul is the form of the body, and humans, whose rational soul is a higher form than the souls of other species on earth, are the highest species of perishable things. The heavenly bodies, composed of an imperishable substance, or ether, and moved eternally in perfect circular motion by God, are still higher in the order of nature.Aristotle's political and ethical philosophy similarly developed out of a critical examination of Plato's principles. 64) The standards of personal and social behavior, according to Aristotle, must be found in the scientific study of the natural tendencies of individuals and societies rather than in abstract realm of pure forms. Less insistent therefore than Plato on a rigorous conformity to absolute principles, Aristotle regarded ethical rules as practical guides to a happy and well-rounded life. His emphasis on happiness, as the active fulfillment of natural capacities, expressed the attitude toward life held by cultivated Greeks of his time. In political theory, Aristotle agreed with Plato that a monarchy ruled by a wise king would be the ideal political structure, but he also recognized that societies differ in their needs and traditions and believed that a limited democracy is usually the best compromise. 65) In his theory of knowledge, Aristotle rejected the Platonic doctrine that knowledge is innate and insisted that it can be acquired only by generalization from experience. He interpreted art as a means of pleasure and intellectual enlightenment rather than an instrument of moral education.61、______________________________________________________________________62、______________________________________________________________________63、______________________________________________________________________64、______________________________________________________________________65、______________________________________________________________________写作Study the following picture carefully and write an essay on ft. In your esssay, you should(1) describe the picture briefly,(2) analyze this situation, and(3) give your comments.You should write 160 ~ 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.部分听力理解 1～20略 第二部分英语知识运用 参考译文 在过去十年间，通信交流方面新的科学发展已经改变了许多人获取政治方面信息的方式。
2011年英语专业四级真题及答案
TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.1. Which of the statements about the auto show is INCORRECT?A. The show will have more stands this year.B. The show will have more visitors this year.C. The number of overseas visitors will be the same this year.D. The number of exhibition days will be the same this year.2. According to the conversation, the price for a stand would includeA. a catalogue.B. a poster.C. two desks.D. four chairs.3. During the conversation, the man seems to be more interested inA. the size of the show.B. the cost of the stand.C. the basic furniture.D. the visitor number.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4. What is Jim interested in?A. Investing in the company‘s product.B. Buying a new educational computer.C. Joining the computer company.D. Reading the campaign plan.5. The advertisements will be placed in all the following EXCEPTA. family magazines.B. Sunday newspapers.C. morning television.D. teenage magazines.6. The advertisements are intended to be seen byA. parents only.B. children only.C. school teachers.D. whole families.7. Linda sounds about the success of the campaign plan.A. confidentB. hesitantC. uncertainD. delightedQuestions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8. John has worked in all the following places EXCEPTA. a book shop.B. a paper factory.C. a school.D. a fastfood restaurant.9. From the conversation, we learn that JohnA. has no interest.B. has only one interest.C. has two interests.D. has quite a few interests.10. Sue Green seems to be more interested in John‘s experience ofA. working in a paper factory.B. working in a youth club.C. looking after his brother and sister.D. looking after his young friends.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11. According to the passage, the average age of the fleet of Delta/Northwest isA. 10 years.B. 14 years.C. 16 years.D. 20 years.12. It can be learned from the passage thatA. air journeys are quite often far from comfortable.B. air travellers usually enjoy luxury during flight.C. air travellers usually enjoy upgraded conditions.D. airlines always provide good in-flight entertainment.13. Older planes can stay safe for more than 25 years because of the following EXCEPTA. new engines.B. strong materials.C. proper maintenance.D. new interior.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14. Which job will involve supervising workers using dangerous equipment?A. Assistant site manager.B. Carpenter supervisor.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Automobile service station manager.15. Who will also decide on the prices of products and services?A. Airlines‘ flight service manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Assistant site manager.D. Carpenter supervisor.16. Who may also do some of the work he supervises?A. Assistant site manager.B. Airlines‘ flight service ma nager.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Carpenter supervisor.17. Which job offers the highest salary?A. Assistant site manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Carpenter supervisor.D. Airlines‘ flight service manager.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18. Where were the two men filmed?A. In the jewelry shop.B. In the City Mall.C. Near the lorry.D. In the parking lot.19. Witnesses saw the two menA. leave the lorry together.B. leave the lorry without hoods.C. run back to the lorry separately.D. run back to the lorry without hoods.20. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. The lorry was originally painted white.B. The lorry had no registration plates.C. The shorter man was the passenger.D. The taller man was the driver.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21. What did NASA‘s Constellation Programme originally plan to do?A. To set up a moon colony by 2020.B. To send astronauts again to the moon by 2020.C. To continue the current shuttle missions till 2020.D. To create more jobs for NASA till 2020.22. NASA‘s Constellation Programme would be cancelled mainly becauseA. there were important space missions.B. the space agency lacked funding for the programme.C. the current shuttle missions would continue.D. Congress failed to pass President Obama‘s budget.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23. The Russian cargo ship was sinking. What was the direct cause?A. No explanation of the problem.B. Long distance away from land.C. Slow rescue efforts.D. Severe weather.24. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a possible means of rescue?A. Aircraft.B. Tugboat.C. Nearby cargo ship.D. Vessels at the oil rig.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questionNow, listen to the news25. Why did the singers meet in Hollywood?A. To raise money for African humanitarian efforts.B. To raise money for Haitian earthquake victims.C. To sing in memory of Michael Jackson.D. To make a recording of the original version of the song.26. Which o the following details about the news is INCORRECT?A. The organizer is one of the co-writers of the first song.B. Singers will use the same recording studio as in 1985.C. The recording session s expected to last long.D. Stars from the original version will take part.Question 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. The additional 2 billion dollars will mainly be used toA. upgrade its network capacity.B. improve customer services.C. develop new products.D. market more iPhones.28. Where does A T&T face difficulties in particular?A. Nationwide.B. Overseas.C. In large cities.D. In remote towns.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news29. Where is the presence of security patrols most evident?A. Where matches take place.B. Where protests may take place.C. In downtown Vancouver.D. Around the athletes‘ village30. What is this news item mainly about?A. Political protest during the Olympics.B. Security operations during the Olympics.C. Olympics‘ security forces.D. Security measures in buildings.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.―Congratulations, Mr. Cooper. It‘s a girl.‖Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and (31) a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel (32) when they receive the news, (33) others worry, wondering whether they will be good father. (34) there are some men who like children and may have had (35) experience with them, others do not particularly (36) children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. (37) other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have (38) willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the (39) to the birth of a child, it is obvious the shift from the role of husband to (40) of a father is a difficult task. (41) , unfortunately, few attempts have been made to (42) fathers in this resocialization (43) . Although numerous books have been written about mothers, (44) recently has literature focused on the (45) of a father.It is argued that the transition to the father's role, although difficult, is not (46) as great as the transition the wife must (47)to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete (48) in daily routine. (49) , the father‘s role is less demanding and (50) .31. A. bring down B. bring forth C. bring off D. bring in32. A. emotional B. sentimental C. bewildered D. proud33. A. while B. when C. if D. as34. A. When B. If C. Although D. Yet35. A. considerate B. considerable C. considering D. considered36. A. care about B. care of C. care with D. care for37. A. For B. Of C. From D. Upon38. A. received B. taken C. accepted D. obtained39. A. reply B. reaction C. readiness D. reality40. A. what B. this C. one D. that41. A. As a result B. For example C. Yet D. Also42. A. educate B. cultivate C. inform D. convert43. A. step B. process C. point D. time44. A. / B. just C. quite D. only45. A. role B. work C. career D. position46. A. a little B. just C. nearly D. almost47. A. take B. make C. carry D. accept48. A. transformation B. realization C. socialization D. reception49. A. In addition B. Above all C. Generally D. However50. A. current B. immediate C. present D. quickPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man he was fifteen years ago.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that52. Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND?A. Beg your pardon.B. Have a good time.C. Never do that again!D. What noise you are making!53. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose?A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort, the team didn‘t win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set out for Beijing yesterday.54. When you have finished with the book, don‘t forget to return it to Tim, ?A. do youB. will youC. don‘t youD. won‘t you55. In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the –ING participle is usedA. as a command.B. as a condition.C. for concession.D. for emphasis.56. Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT?A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked for double the usual price.D. They come here four times every year.57. It is not so much the language the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.A. asB. norC. butD. like58. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object?A. What do you think has happened to her?B. Who do you think the visiting professor is?C. How much do you think he earns every month?D. How quickly would you say he would come59. The additional work will take weeks.A. the otherB. another twoC. other twoD. the more60. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主语从句)?A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.C. She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.61. It‘s getting late. I‘d rather you now.A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. will leave62. In the sentence ―The manag er interviewed Jim himself in the morning‖, the italicized word is used to modifyA. the object.B. the verb.C. the subject.D. the prepositional phrase63. There is no doubt the couple did the right thing in coming back home earlier than planned.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. when64. The sentence that expresses OFFER isA. I‘ll get some drinks. What‘ll you have?B. Does she need to book a ticket now?C. May I know your name?D. Can you return the book next week65. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates a subject-predicate relation (主谓关系)?A. Mr Smith’s passport has been issued.B. The visitor’s arrival was reported in the news.C. John’s travel details have not been finalized.D. The new bookstore sells children’s stories.66. Our office has recently to a new computer system.A. alteredB. convertedC. transformedD. modified67. The crowd went as soon as the singer stepped onto the stage.A. wildB. emotionalC. uncontrolledD. unrestricted68. Our school library is closed for repairs.A. shortlyB. quicklyC. temporarilyD. rapidly69. John is up to his eyes in work at the moment. The underlined part means .A. very excitedB. very busyC. very tiredD. very efficient70. Victoria bumped into her brother quite by chance in the supermarket. The underlined word means .A. riskB. opportunityC. possibilityD. luck71. ―Look at those pretty girls‘ skirts‖ is , because it is not clear whether the girls or the skirts are ―pretty‘.A. ambiguousB. hiddenC. indirectD. indistinct72. House repairs, holidays, school fees and other have reduced his bank balance to almost nothing.A. amountB. paymentC. expensesD. figures73. It was really of you to remember my birthday.A. gratefulB. thoughtfulC. considerableD. generous74. You can go to a travel agency and ask for a holiday .A. introductionB. advertisementC. bookD. brochure75. The city government is building more roads to the increasing number of cars.A. accommodateB. receiveC. acceptD. hold76. They‘ve lifted a two-year-long economic on the country.A. enclosureB. restrictionC. blockadeD. prohibition77. Everyone is surprised that she has fallen out with her boy friend. The underlined part means .A. leftB. quarreledC. attackedD. defeated78. His plan is carefully prepared and full of details, so it is a very one.A. elaborateB. refinedC. ambitiousD. complex79. The girl‘s voice was so low that we could hear her.A. seldomB. almostC. onlyD. barely80. She must have been pretty to fall for such an old trick.A. interestedB. gullibleC. enthusiasticD. shrewdPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AWe have a crisis on our hands. You mean global warning? The world economy? No, the decline of reading. People are just not doing it anymore, especially the young. Who‘s responsible? Actually, it‘s more like, What is responsible? The Internet, of course, and everything thatcomes with it — Facebook, Twitter (微博). You can write your own list.There‘s been a warning about the imminent death of literate civilization for a long time. In the 20th century, first it was the movies, then radio, then television that seemed to spell doom for the written world. None did. Reading survived; in fact it not only survived, it has flourished. The world is more literate than ever before — there are more and more readers, and more and more books.The fact that we often get our reading material online today is not something we should worry over. The electronic and digital revolution of the last two decades has arguably shown the way forward for reading and for writing. Take the arrival of e-book readers as an example. Devices like Kindle make reading more convenient and are a lot more environmentally friendly than the traditional paper book.As technology makes new ways of writing possible, new ways of reading are possible. Interconnectivity allows for the possibility of a reading experience that was barely imaginable before. Where traditional books had to make do with photographs and illustrations, an e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links: to texts, pictures, and videos. In the future, the way people write novels, history, and philosophy will resemble nothing seen in the past.On the other hand, there is the danger of trivialization. One Twitter group is offering its followers single-sentence-long ―digests‖ of the great novels. War and Peace in a sentence? You must be joking. We should fear the fragmentation of reading. There is the danger that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span —that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration.In such a fast-changing world, in which reality seems to be remade each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us. This has always been the function of literature and we should be careful not to let it disappear. Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility of someone utterly in tune with modern technology but able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world.In the 15th century, Johannes Guttenberg‘s invention of the printing press in Europe had a huge impact on civilization. Once upon a time the physical book was a challenging thing. We should remember this before we assume that technology is out to destroy traditional culture.81. Which of the following paragraphs briefly reviews the historical challenges for reading?A. Paragraph One.B. Paragraph Two.C. Paragraph Three.D. Paragraph Four.82. The following are all cited as advantages of e-books EXCEPTA. multimodal content.B. environmental friendliness.C. convenience for readers.D. imaginative design.83. Which of the following can best describe how the author feels toward single-sentence-long novels?A. Ironic.B. Worried.C. Sarcastic.D. Doubtful.84. According to the passage, people need knowledge of modern technology and to survive in the fast-changing society.A. good judgmentB. high sensitivityC. good imaginationD. the ability to focus85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Technology pushes the way forward for reading and writing.B. Interconnectivity is a feature of new reading experience.C. Technology is an opportunity and a challenge for traditional reading.D. Technology offers a greater variety of reading practice.TEXT BI know when the snow melts and the first robins (知更鸟) come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen.Spring cleaning.I‘ll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp. Today‘s busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher, much less clean the doormat. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. It interrupts the natural order.―Honey, what say we spend the weekend beating the rugs, sorting through the boxes in the basement and painting our bedroom a nice l emony yellow?‖ I say.―Can we at least wait until the NBA matches are over?‖ my husband answers.But I tell my family, spring cleaning can’t wait. The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little Leaguepractice to start. Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground, but there is no lawn to seed, nor garden to tend. Newly wakened from our winter‘s hibernation (冬眠), yet still needing extra blankets at night, we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze and all of the natural world demanding ―Awake and be clean!‖Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring‘s first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepytime hormone (激素) our bodie s produce when it‘s dark. When spring‘s light comes, the melatonin diminishes, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus-filled house we‘ve been hibernating in for four months.I tell my family about the science and psychology of a good healthy clea ning at spring‘s arrival. I speak to them about life‘s greatest rewards waiting in the removal of soap scum from the bathtub, which hasn‘t been properly cleaned since the first snowfall.―I‘ll do it,‖ says the eldest child, a 21-year-old college student who lives at home.―You will? Wow!‖ I exclaim.Maybe after all these years, he‘s finally grasped the concept. Maybe he‘s expressing his rightful position as eldest child an d role model. Or maybe he‘s going to Florida for a break in a couple of weeks and he‘s being nice to me who is the financial-aid officer.No matter. Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12-year-old brother who, instead of working, is found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he is supposed to be cleaning.―Awake and be clean!‖ I say.86. According to the passage, ―…spring cleaning is difficult notion for modern families to grasp‖ means that spring cleaningA. is no longer an easy practice to understand.B. is no longer part of modern family life.C. requires more family members to be involved.D. calls for more complicated skills and knowledge.87. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be included in family spring cleaning?A. Beating the rugs.B. Cleaning the window.C. Restoring Wi-Fi services.D. Cleaning the backyard.88. Why does the author say ―spring cleaning can’t wait‖?A. Because there will be more activities when it gets warmer.B. Because the air is fresher and the breeze is lighter.C. Because the whole family is full of energy at spring time.D. Because the snow is melting and the ground is thawing.89. Which of the following interpretations of the biologists‘ theory about melatonin is INCORRECT?A. The production of melatonin in our bodies varies at different times.B. Melatonin is more likely to cause sleepiness in our bodies.C. The reduction of melatonin will cause wakefulness in our bodies.D. The amount of melatonin remains constant in our bodies.90. Which of the following can best sum up the author‘s overall reaction to her adult son‘s positive response to spring cleaning?A. Surprised and skeptical.B. Elated and hesitant.C. Relieved and optimistic.D. Optimistic and hesitant.TEXT CThese days lots of young Japanese do omiai, literally, ―meet and look.‖ Many of them do so willingly. In today‘s prosperous and increasingly conservative Japan, the traditional omiai kekkon, or arranged marriage, is thriving.But there is a difference. In the original omiai, the young Japanese couldn‘t reject the partner chosen by his pa rents and their middleman. After World War II, many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of their American conquerors. The Western ren’ai kekkon, or love marriage, became popular; Japanese began picking their own mates by dating and falling in love.But the Western way was often found wanting in an important respect: it didn‘t necessarily produce a partner of the right eco nomic, social, and educational qualifications. ―Today‘s young people are quite calculating,‖ says Chieko Akiyama, a social commentator.What seems to be happening now is a repetition of a familiar process in the country‘s history, the ―Japanization‖ of an adopt ed foreign practice. The Western ideal of marrying for love is accommodated in a new omiai in which both parties are free to reject the match. ―Omiai is evolving into a sort of stylized introduction,‖ Mrs. Akiyama says.Many young Japanese now date in their early twenties, but with no thought of marriage. When they reach the age — in the middle twenties for women, the late twenties for men — they increasingly turn to omiai. Some studies suggest that as many as 40% of marriages each year are omiai kekkon. It‘s hard to be sure, say those who study the matter, because many Japanes e couples, when polled, describe their marriage as alove match even if it was arranged.These days, doing omiai often means going to a computer matching service rather than to a nakodo. The nakodo of tradition was an old woman who knew all the kids in the neighbourhood and went around trying to pair them off by speaking to their parents; a successful match would bring her a wedding invitation and a gift of money. But Japanese today find it‘s less awkward to reject a proposed part ner if the nakodo is a computer.Japan has about five hundred computer matching services. Some big companies, including Mitsubishi, run one for their employees. At a typical commercial service, an applicant pays $80 to $125 to have his or her personal data stored in the computer for two years and $200 or so more if a marriage results. The stored information includes some obvious items, like education and hobbies, and some not-so-obvious ones, like whether a person is the oldest child. (First sons, and to some extent first daughter, face an obligation of caring for elderly parents.)91. According to the passage, today‘s young Japanese preferA. a traditional arranged marriage.B. a new type of arranged marriage.C. a Western love marriage.D. a more Westernized love marriage.92. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. A Western love marriage tends to miss some Japanese values.B. Less attention is paid to the partner‘s qualification in arranged marriages.C. Young Japanese would often calculate their partner‘s wealth.D. A new arranged marriage is a repetition of the older type.93. According to the passage, the figure 40% (Paragraph Five) is uncertain becauseA. there has been a big increase in the number of arranged marriages.B. Western love marriage still remains popular among young Japanese.C. young Japanese start dating very early in their life in a Western tradition.D. the tendency for arranged marriages could be stronger than is indicated.94. One of the big differences between a traditional nakodo and its contemporary version lies in the wayA. wedding gifts are presented.B. a proposed partner is refused.C. formalities are arranged.D. the middleman/woman is chosen.95. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To tell the differences between an old and modern nakodo.B. To provide some examples for the traditional nakodo.C. To offer more details of the computerized nakodo.D. To sum up the main ideas and provide a conclusion.TEXT DCordia Harrington was tired of standing up all day and smelling like French fries at night. She owned and operated three McDonald‘s shops in Illinois, but as a divorced mother of three boys, she yearned for a business that would provide for her children and let her spend more time with them.Her lucky moment came, strangely enough, after she was nominated in 1992 to be on the McDonald‘s bun committee. ―The company picked me up in a corporate jet to see bakeries around the world,‖ she recalls. ―Every time I went to a meeting, I love it. This was global!‖The experience opened her eyes to bu siness possibilities. When McDonald‘s decided it wanted a new bun supplier, Harrington became determined to win the contract, even though she had no experience running a bakery.Harrington studied the bakery business and made sure she was never off executi ves’ radar. ―If you have a dream, you can‘t wait for people to call you,‖ she says. ―So I‘d visit a mill and send them photos of myself in a baker‘s hat and jacket, holding a sign that say ‗I want to be your baker.‘ ‖ After four years and 32 interviews, he r persistence paid off.Harrington sealed the deal with a handshake, sold her shops, and borrowed $13.5 million. She was ready to build the fastest, most automated bakery in the world.The Tennessee Bun Company opened ahead of schedule in 1997, in time for a slump in U.S. fast-food sales for McDonald‘s. Before Harrington knew it, she was down to her last $20,000, not enough to cover payroll. And her agreement with McDonald‘s required that she sell exclusively to the company. ―I cried myself to sleep many nights,‖ she recalls. ―I really did think, I am going to go bankrupt.‖。
竞赛试题-56.doc
2011年九年级四科联赛英语试题（2011、11）（总分：100分）一、单项选择（15分）( )1. ---Look! __________ fine weather it is today! Let’s go swimming!---That’s a good idea.A. How aB. HowC. WhatD. What a( )2. ---- Are you sure he is able to do the job well?---- _____ he would give his mind to it.A. In caseB. UntilC. If onlyD. Unless( )3.--- How do you usually go to school?--- I prefer to walk to school rather than__________A. ride a bikeB. to ride a bikeC. riding a bikeD. by bike( )4. ---I wish you _____. ---Thank you very much.A. successfulB. successC. succeedD. successfully( )5. --- We’ll have a____ holiday next month.--- Yes, Let’s go somewhere interesting.A. five-dayB. five-daysC. five daysD. five day( )6.--- Do you know_____ this time yesterday?--- It must be fish, it’s her favorite.A .what she is cooking B. what she was cookingC. what is she cookingD. what was she cooking ( )7. ---No one likes him __________.--- What a pity!A. stillB. neverC. tooD. anymore( )8.---I am thirsty. Could you let me have ________Coke?--- Ok, but only a little.A. littleB. anyC. someD. much( )9. ---The flight to Guangzhou had to be __________because of the heavy snow.--- An awful day!A. put upB. put awayC. put offD. put down( )10.--- What do you think of the movie Limitless--- It _______me so much as HangOver2.A. is interested inB. isn’t interested inC. interestsD. doesn’t interest ( )11. The strategies________ very well.A. keep outB. go outC. worked outD. put down( )12. --- Oh, mom. I left my keys in the room again.--- How silly ______ you ______ that!A. for; to doB. of; doingC. of; to doD. for; doing( )13. He ________ his wallet on the ground when he was walking back home.A. fellB. droppedC. leftD. forgot( )14. --- Why didn’t you tell me?--- I _______tell you.A. doB. didC. areD. am( )st week I had my watch __________.A. repairB. repairedC. repairsD. to repair( )16.It seems as if it is going to rain, _____ the sky is dark.A. butB. forC. andD. or( )17. Hainan is _ _ most beautiful coastal city and I believe I'll come for ___ second time.A. a; theB. the; aC. the; theD. a; a( )18. ---- Are you satisfied with what she has done?---- Not a little. It couldn't be _____.A. any worseB. any betterC. so wellD. so bad( )19. ---- Do you want to go to the mountains?---- _____. I feel like doing something different.A. Yes, I do.B. I don't want.C. Not really.D. Don't mention it. ( )20. ---I don’t think your team can beat theirs.---____. But we could if Lin Tao were on the team.A. No, we can’tB. Yes, we can’tC. Yes, we canD. No, we can二、完形填空（15分）DIY is very popular in China now. Do you know _____21_____ it is?Yang Chen works for a computer business in Beijing. ____22____ he enjoys his work, it is hard for him to relax after work.“For a long time, I had no choice except going to a bar for a drink and karaoke(卡拉OK) to ____23____ myself.” He said.One day when he saw many toy dogs in a ___24_____, he had an idea. “Why not do some kind of things and relax m yself?” Then he began to ____25____ model planes, model ships and something else. The things he has made by himself don’t look as professionally made ____26____ those in the shops, but he likes doing it.“It is not as much fun to play with things which are bought expensively ___27____the shops,” he said.Now his bookshelves are full of many kinds of __28____he has made. They are very beautiful and his families and friends like ___29____ very much.More and more young people are like Yang Chen, making or creating things on their own. They like doing it____30_____.Though making things with our own hands may ____31____ much time, some people, now known as DIYers –do it—yourselfers, enjoy doing it very much. They can make all kinds of things they like.DIY is becoming____32____ in China. But do you know that it was once a way of life?During 1960s and 1970s, when there were not enough living things for people to live on, they ____33____ use their own hands to do many things. Whitewashing the wall or making clothes was a part of life because there was ____34____ other choice. If you wanted something done, you had to do it yourself; and if you needed something, you made it yourself.But times have changed and DIY also has different ___35____ now.Have you been one of the DIYers? Enjoy yourself in this way, please.( ) 21. A. that B. what C. which D. who( ) 22. A. Though B. But C. Because D. And( ) 23. A. enjoy B. help C. relax D. look after( ) 24. A. bookshop B. zoo C. pet shop D. toy shop( ) 25. A. buy B. borrow C. make D. sell( ) 26.A. as B. so C. than D. to( ) 27.A.from B. to C. between D. for( ) 28. A. books B. things C. dictionaries D. pictures( ) 29. A. it B. him C. them D. these( ) 30 A. after work B. with help C. at home D. by themselves( ) 31. A. spend B. cost C. have D. take( ) 32. A. more and more popular B. more and more importantC. more and more helpfulD. more and more useful( ) 33. A. must B. had to C. needed D. might( ) 34. A. some B. any C. no D. an( ) 35. A. ideas B. ways C. kinds D. meaning三、阅读理解（30分）(A)You speak, write a letter, make a telephone call, your words carry a message. People communicate with words. But do you think you can communicate without words? A smile on your face shows you are happy and friendly. Tears(眼泪) in your eyes tells others that you are sad. When you put up your hands in class, the teacher knows you want to say something or ask questions. You shake your head, and people know you are saying“No” .You nod, and people know what you are saying. Other things can also carry messages. For example, a sign at the bus stop helps you know which bus to take. A sign on the door tells you where to go in or out. Have you ever noticed that there are a lot of signs around you and that you receive messages from them all day?People communicate in many other ways. An artist can use his drawings to tell about beautiful mountains, about the blue sea and many other things. Books are published(出版) to tell about all the wonderful things in the world and also about people and their ideas.Newspapers, magazines, TV, radio and films all help us communicate with others. They all help us to know what is happening in the world and what other people are thinking about.( )36. People communicateA.in many different waysB. with words onlyC. in letters and drawingsD. with smiles, tears, and hands( )37.In the passage the words “shake” and “nod” meanA.点头；点头B.摇头；点头C.摇头；摇头D.点头；摇头( )38.The best title for this passage isA. Signs carry messagesB. The importance of communicationC. Words, signs and drawingsD. Ways of communication(B)One Friday, Rod drove out to Portland on business. Then he found that he needed some money for the weekend, so he parked his car near the bus station.ROD: Excuse me, is there a bank here?MAN: Yes, the nearest one is in Oak Street?ROD: How do I get to Oak Street?MAN: You walk down Brich Street until you see the first traffic lights. Then you turn right and the bank is at the end of the street on the right. It’s on the corner of Oak Street and Porplar Street.ROD: Fine. Thank you very much.MAN: You are welcome.( )39.When Rod asked the way，he .A.was on his way to PortlandB. was in his native placeC. was in PortlandD. was at the bus station( )40.Which of the following shows the right way to get to the bank?a. TL: the first traffic lightsb. BS: Brich Streetc. OS :Oak Streetd. PS: Porplar SreetA.c→a→b→dB. a→c→b→dC. a→b→d→cD. b→a→c→d(C)Light and shadow are friends. They usually go together. We receive light everyday. At the same time ,we produce shadow.Light can not shine through you. Your body stops it from passing. There is a dark spot(斑点)on the ground next to you. The light can't reach the dark spot. This is your shadow.At noon the sun shines over your head. Your body stops very little light from reaching the ground. So your shadow is quite short.But in early morning or late afternoon, the sun is low in the sky. The light moves over more of your body. Then your shadow is quite long. Your body keeps a lot of light from reaching the ground.We love light ,especially sunlight. Without sunlight, life on earth is impossible. Most of us like to stand in the shadow of a tree in summer. But some people are afraid of their own shadow at night. They didn't want to walk in a dark street. They don't want to see the shadow, either. But still light and shadow usually go together.( )41. The sentence "Light and shadow are friends" means .A. the shadow produce lightB. the light usually follows the shadowC. they usually get on well with each otherD. when we get light, we can see shadow. They are always together( )42. Light can't shine through you because .A.it is too weakB.Your body stops it from travelling onC.Your body is tall and strongD.There is a dark spot on the ground next to you( )43. Your body's shadow is long because .A.the sun is low in the sky in the early morning or late afternoonB.the sun is over your headC.your body stops very little light from reaching the groundD.the light is very strong at noon( )44. It's in the shadow of a tree in summer, so many people like to stay there.A.hotB. warmC. coolD. cold( )45. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?A.There will be no shadow without lightB.Shadow is produced when something stops the light from passingC.We produce light when we receive itD.Man, animals and plants have to live on sun-light.(D)As a teacher, I think it is right to tell my students to write about their true feelings and real experiences. I always taught my students how to learn by experience. And I also found that it helped me a lot to get on well with the students.One day after explaining a text, I asked my students to write a passage about their families. I encouraged them to write about their real experiences with their closest family members. All the students wrote quite well but the best one of them was written by a little girl. She was Hao Fang. I was deeply moved by her story. In her passage, she said her father had died years before and hermother had to work hard to support the family. Many times she had seen her mother work deep into night but never seen tears on her face. She also wrote that she needed to stay strong and she would do the best to give her mother an easier life in the future. Like her mother, Hao Fang also worked hard at her lessons and she was really good at any of them. I didn't know anything about her unlucky family till then. She always appeared happy and never showed that she needed anyone's help.In order to make her an example to the class, I read this passage to the class. When I finished reading it, I found my throat choked and my students' eyes full of tears. After class nearly all my other students crowded around Hao Fang and gave their money to help this girl. We knew her family needed money very much. Many students decided to offer her more help. To tell the truth, I was really proud of my students.But to my surprise, this student of mine didn't express her thanks to her classmates and left school without even telling me the next day. I was puzzled about this.Was it right to tell her sad story to the class? Why did she refuse to accept the donation? These questions crowded my mind?( )46. The teacher mentioned in the article always .A.made the students feel sadB. asked the students to make up storiesC. helped the students learn from the real life( )47.Hao Fang wrote about her family's hard life in order to .A.tell her real experiencesB.show how strong she wasC. ask her classmates for money( )48.The underlined word "choked" means in Chinese.A.哽咽B.激动C.疼痛( )49. By reading the article, we know that Hao Fang .A.appreciated the donationB. was frustrated at her hard lifeC. wanted to improve her family's life by working hard( )50. We can learn from the article that .A.the ways of helping people should be well chosenB.it's wrong to ask students to tell their real experiencesC.donating money to the poor is the only better way to help them四、任务型阅读（5分）阅读下面短文，把A—D四个句子填入文中空缺处（51——54），使短文内容完整正确，然后完成第55题。
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麻城市2011初中四科综合测评英语试题Part One Listening (25％)第一节(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后面一个小题，从题后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．How much did the man’s sister pay for her skirt?A．Sixteen dollars．B．Sixty – six dollars．C．Thirty – three dollars．2．What time is it now?A．Three thirty．B．Three o’clock．C．Four o’clock．3．What language is spoken in the film?A．Japanese．B．Chinese．C．English．4．What can we learn from this conversation?A．She lent him an extra pen．B．She offered him a ball-pen．C．She said she didn’t have any extra ink．5．Which of the following is close to Jane and Bill’s new home?A. A train station．B. A gas station．C. An airport．第二节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）听下面6段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后面有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6—7小题。
6. Who has got the wrong number?A. Joe Monroe’s aun t．B. Joe Moron．C. Lucia’s aunt．7. Where do you think Lucia lives?A. In Los Angeles．B. In New York．C. In a cinema．听第7段材料，回答第8—9小题。
8．What’s wrong with Lily?A．She is sick．B．She feels cold．C．She gets old．9．How is Tailor going to the hospital?A．On foot．B．By bike．C．By bus．听第8段材料，回答第10—11小题。
10．What is the most attractive in the film?A．Its sound．B．Its music．C．Its picture．11．When was the film most likely to begin?A．After 6:00 p.m. B．Before 6:00 p.m. C．At 6:00 pomp．听第9段材料，回答第12—14小题。
12. What’s the matter with the woman?A. She’s got a cough.B. She’s got a fever.C. She’s got a headache.13. How much does the woman smoke?A. About 13 cigarettes a day.B. About 30 cigarettes a day.C. About 3 cigarettes a day.14. What causes the woman’s illness?A. Her hard work.B. Lack of exercise.C. Both her hard work and lack of exercise.听第10段材料，回答第15—17小题。
15. How will the woman go to Adam Street?A. On foot.B. By a taxi.C. On a bus.16. How far away is Adam Street?A. One block away.B. Two blocks away.C. Three blocks away.17. How is the woman feeling now?A. Worried.B. Tired.C. Excited.听第11段材料，回答第18—20小题。
18. How were Mrs. Robinson’s students?A. They were clever.B. They were funny.C. They were interesting.19. How did the boys and girls think about everything?A. Very quickly.B. Very slowly.C. Very carefully.20. What did the boy’s question suggest?A. He was foolish.B. He didn’t know the reason why men wear black clothes.C. He enjoyed asking questions.听第12段材料，完成表格内第21—25小题。
Part Two Reading (50％)第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从26-40各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last Tuesday I took my two daughters，aged five and seven，to town by car．Itbegan to rain 26 ,so I decided I would leave the children in the 27 before I rushed into a shop．I wanted the girls not to 28 anything and told them I would be back within a few 29 ．Then I locked all the doors and 30 them happily looking out of the window．I returned to the car in less than five minutes but the girls had 31 ! I could hardly believe my 32 ．The car doors were 33 locked，the windows tightly shut and in the back seat 34 only two coats．Being 35 ，I ran to the corner of the street 36 there was no sign of them．I 37 up to an old lady nearby and asked 38 she had seen two little girls. but her answer made me disappointed．Feeling quite sick with 39 , I sat on the driver's seat and tried to stop trembling．Suddenly，I heard a merry laugh behind me．I got out of the car，ran round to open the BOOT（后备箱）and there inside were two very red-faced and excited girls．They had obviously pulled out the back seat , climbed behind it and then been unable to push the 40 forward again．With tears in my eyes, I leaned forward and pulled their ears．26．A．heavy B．hard C．hardly D．big27．A．car B．bus C．house D．school 28．A．ask B．eat C．read D．touch 29．A．hours B．minutes C．seconds D．days 30．A．had B．made C．left D．Let 31．A．disappeared B．died C．quarreled D．Cried 32．A．ears B．words C．eyes D．Brains 33．A．too B．again C．already D．Still 34．A．hanged B．put C．had D．Were 35．A．stupid B．proud C．frightened D．Pleased 36．A．where B．which C．that D．When 37．A．jumped B．rushed C．drove D．Flew38. A．that B．when C．whether D．How 39．A．fear B．happiness C．excitement D．Anger 40．A．window B．door C．seat D．Boot第二节（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面的短文，根据上下文语境，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每个单词只用一次。
有.多余的选项。
仿真已选―We can do without railways.‖ People say. As motorcars and planes41 the railways unnecessary. We all keep 42 that trains are slow, that they lose money and that they’re dying.But this is far from the 43 : in these days of expensive oil, the railways have become _____44____competitive with motorcars and planes. If you want to carry people or goods from place to place, they are 45 than planes. And they have much in common with planes. A plane goes in a straight line and so 46a railway. What are 47 ; it takes you from the heart of a city into the heart of another. It doesn’t leave you up as a plane does, miles and miles f rom the city center. It doesn’t hold you up as a car does, in endless traffic jams, and a 48 train carry goods which a plane or a motorcar could never do.Far from being dead, the railways are very much alive. Modern railway lines give you a smooth, untroubled journey. Where else can you eat 49 , sleep in comfort, feel safe and enjoy the scene while 50 at speed at the same time? And we are only at the beginning, for we have just entered the age of super-fast trains, trains traveling at 150 miles an hour and more. Soon we will be wondering why we spent so much on motorcars we can’t use because we have not enough money to buy the oil and planes we can’t fly for the same reason.第三节（共23小题，70、71每小题3分，其它每小题1分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，并根据题后要求做题。