2021届高考英语(新高考)大二轮专题复习讲义 专题一 第5讲代词

第5讲代词

在涉及有关代词的题目时，一方面要熟悉代词所作成分及考试形式，学会判断用何种代词，如，修饰名词常用形容词性物主代词，单独使用常用名词性物主代词；另一方面要牢记常见代词的区别及固定搭配，避免误用。此外，还要注意从语意、语境上去判断人称和数，要认真阅读上下文，看清指代对象。未来高考对代词的考查仍将侧重于其基本用法，但会加强语境的复杂性。

考点素能

一根据句子成分，确定代词形式

1．作主语，用人称代词主格。

2．作宾语或表语，用人称代词宾格。

3．作定语，修饰名词，用形容词性物主代词。

4．作主语、宾语或表语，且通常单独使用，用名词性物主代词。

5．作宾语、表语或同位语，且反射句子主语，用反身代词。

二根据句式结构和指代内容，判断使用it的情况

1．it可指代上文提到过的同一事物或同一内容。

2．it可指代天气、时间、距离、金钱等。

3．it可作形式主语或宾语，指代不定式、动名词或从句，而把真正的主语或宾语后置。

4．某些及物动词(通常是表示情感的动词)或短语不能直接跟从句，须先用it 作宾语，再加从句，常见的有like, dislike, hate, love, appreciate, depend on, rely on, count on, see to等。

5．it常用于一些固定搭配中，如make it(成功)，it is no wonder that ... (难怪……)，when it comes to ... (当谈到……)，if I can help it(如果我有办法)，as sb put it(正如某人所言)，it takes sb some time to do sth(做某事花费某人一些时间)，it is the first time that ... (第一次……)，it is/was ... that/who ... (强调句式)等。

三根据句式和范围，确定不定代词

1．两者：“二者选其一”用either；“二者都不”用neither；“二者都”用both。

2．三者或三者以上：“三者或三者以上的任何一个”用any；“三者或三者以上的都不”用none；“三者或三者以上都”用all。

3．其他：若表示“(三者或三者以上中的)另外一个”用another；若表示“(两者中的)另一个”用the other；若表示“其余的，另外的”且在名词前用other；若不跟名词且指代复数用others。

4．肯定句用something，否定句和疑问句用anything。

四根据指代意义，确定替代词

1．若指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词则用that，其复数形式为those。

2．若指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”则用one，其复数形式为ones。

3．指代同一事物或内容，则用it。

过关检测(限时：20分钟)

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．When he came to life, he found _______ (he)lying on the ground, bleeding in the head.

答案：himself

2．I hope my parents won't try to force me to do _______ (they)favorite job.

答案：their

3．He has more concern for _______ than for himself.

答案：others

4．No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to _______．

答案：the other

5．I like _______ when the spring comes.

答案：it

6．The train was crowded so we decided to catch a later _______．

答案：one

7．The weather of Beijing is colder than _______ of Guangzhou.

答案：that

8．________ books are interesting. I read this one, and you can read the other.

答案：Both

9．She asked _______ (I)name and said she didn't remember me.

答案：my

10．—Are you going to get your own car after the test?

—My parents have said they'll get _______ for me.

答案：one

11．—How many students are there in the classroom now?

—________. I have locked it.

答案：None

12．Both teams were in hard training; _______ was willing to lose the game.

答案：neither

13．When I was on the airplane, I kept telling _______ (I)that I had to be strong when facing any troubles or problems.

答案：myself

14．However, his fame was not accompanied by money and he found _______ necessary to return to farming.

答案：it

15．The boy likes the books with pictures better than _______ without them.

答案：those/the ones

Ⅱ.语法填空

Foreigners with basic Chinese language skills can generally ask for advice on restaurants or how __1__ (get)to the subway. But the fact is, many still find it __2__ (challenge)to use the language in real-life settings. Some even think that no one in China actually speaks Mandarin, at least not __3__ (nature). This is an opinion that many Chinese themselves would be quick to agree with.

However, in a small county __4__ (name)Luanping, Chengde City, Hebei Province, you can meet the locals, young and old, __5__ , despite their education level, talk exactly in __6__ same manner as the language recordings you became used to in class. For __7__ (generation), they have known no other mother tongue other than the standard Chinese.

Elderly residents in Luanping still remember the experts from the capital __8__ (record)the way they spoke in the 1950s, which began being promoted nationally in 1955. The county __9__ turn proudly calls __10__ (it)the “hometown of Putonghua”．1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________

5．________ 6.________7.________8.________

9．________10.________

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了河北省承德市滦平县被誉为“普通话之乡”的原因。