动名词复合结构与独立主格结构

动名词复合结构与独立主格结构

崔长平河南遂平一高（463100）

①动名词复合结构的一般构成：

1）名词的所有格形式＋动名词（或动名词短语）

2）形容词性的物主代词＋动名词（或动名词短语）

如不置于句首时，可以使用：名词＋动名词（或动名词短语）或者宾格代词＋动名词（或动名词短语）动名词复合结构主要在句中做主语、宾语或表语等。它能够侧重说明动名词所表示的动作的执行者。

Would you mind my/me closing the window? (比较：Would you mind closing the window?) Bob′s being absent made his teacher very angry.

No one will dream of there being such a famous place in the world.

Her having lost the keys made Mary very disappointed.

②独立主格结构具体构成形式如下：

⑴名词或主格代词＋现在分词（或现在分词短语）

等的变化，要结合具体句意，使用不同的形式。）

e.g. Spring coming on，the trees turned green. It being Sunday，the library was closed.

There being no buses，we had to walk home.（there being 是there be 句型的独立主格结构。） Our work （having been） finished，we went home hurriedly.

The key （having been ）lost，she could not enter the room.

Weather permitting，we will go picnicking by the waterfall.

It being fine，we will go climbing in the afternoon.

Time permitting，we will go for an outing.

⑵名词或主格代词＋过去分词（或过去分词短语）

（独立主格结构中呈现逻辑上的被动的主谓关系。过去分词体现被动或完成意义。）

e.g. He lay on his back，his teeth set，his right hand clenched on his breast，and his glaring

eyes looking straight upward.

Her wallet stolen，she had no money to buy even a bus ticket.

The signal given，the bus started.

⑶名词或主格代词＋动词不定式（或动词不定式短语）

也要结合具体句意，使用不同的形式。）

e.g. Here are the first two volumes，the third one to come out next month.

⑷名词或主格代词＋形容词（短语）或副词（短语）

e.g. He entered the room，his nose red with cold. Betty put on her socks wrong side out.

⑸名词或主格代词＋介词短语

，sword in hand.

In front of the house was a tall tree，its top well above the tops of the other trees. ▲独立主格结构经常在句中作状语。（注意，独立主格结构只是一种结构，不是句子，因此，它与句子的主干之间一般只用逗号隔开，而不能加用诸如and ,but ,so之类的连接词。）

1.原因状语：e.g. The teacher being ill，the lecture was put off.

There being nothing to do，we went home.

2.时间状语：e.g. The guest having left，they went on with their discussion.

The sun having risen，they continued their way.

The meeting（being）over，all left the room.

3.条件状语：e.g. Weather permitting，we shall come.

All things considered，her paper is of greater value than yours.

4.表示伴随情况或补充说明： e.g. The children were making a snowman，hands red with cold.

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