新概念英语第四册第七单元语法与句型(教学用)

新概念英语第四册第七单元语法与句型

Lesson 7 Bats 蝙蝠

Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echo-location in bats to see a case in which the voice plays a strictly utilitarian role.

To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions. Everyone knows that if he shouts in the vicinity of a wall or a mountainside, an echo will come back. The further off this solid obstruction the longer time will elapse for the return of the echo. A sound made by tapping on the hull of a ship will be reflected from the sea bottom, and by measuring the time interval between the taps and the receipt of the echoes the depth of the sea at that point can be calculated. So was born the echo-sounding apparatus, now in general use in ships. Every solid object will reflect a sound, varying according to the size and nature of the object.

A shoal of fish will do this. So it is a comparatively simple step from locating the sea bottom to locating a shoal of fish. With experience, and with improved apparatus, it is now possible not only to locate a shoal but to tell if it is herring, cod, or other well-known fish, by the pattern of its echo.

A few years ago it was found that certain bats emit squeaks and by receiving the echoes they could locate and steer clear of obstacles--or locate flying insects on which they feed. This echo-location in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar. (NCE Book Four)

【语法名称】部分否定

【课文原句】Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that

extraordinary discovery of echo-location in bats to see a case in which the voice plays a strictly utilitarian role.

【过关练习】All the answers are not correct. 答案并非全对。

Such a thing is not found everywhere. 这样的事情并非所有地方都出现。

Not all verse is poetry; not all prose about the past is history, nor is all literary work literature. 并非所有的韵文是诗，并非所有关于过去的散文都是史，并非所有的著作都是文学。

She is not happy all the time. 她并不是一直快乐的。

You can’t fool all the people all the time. 你未必能老是愚弄所有的人。

Not everyone of the students will go there. Some of them will stay behind. 并不是每个学生要到那里去。其中一些人要留下来。

【语法名称】not only…but also 引出的平行结构

【课文原句】With experience, and with improved apparatus, it is now possible not only to locate a shoal but to tell if it is herring, cod, or other well-known fish, by the pattern of its echo.

【过关练习】不仅母亲病了，孩子也病了。（连接两个名词词组，作主语）现今，不仅是男人而且妇女也能参加各种社会活动。（名词）

我们不仅从书本上学习，而且从实践中学习。（介词）

不仅时专家而且一般读者也欣赏他的书。（介词）

工程师不仅关心产品本身，而且关心更快，更省地制造产品。（介词）

计算机不仅收集和储存信息，而且能解决许许多多复杂的问题。（动词）

实验工作不仅需要精确计算，而且需要正确计算。（名词词组）

我们提前完成任务不仅是需要，而且也是可能的。（形容词）

我们的目的不仅是政府自然，而且是要改造自然。（不定式）

我们的任务不仅是赢得战役，而且是赢得战争。（连接平行的两个作表语的不定式）

去年和今年他们都获得好丰收。（时间状语）

要解决生活中的某些问题，不仅要注重理论，也要注重实践。（连接两个副词）

不仅是温度变化时，而且气压变化时，气体都会膨胀和收缩。（状语从句）

【语法名称】“名词/代词＋of which”类定语从句

【课文原句】This echo-location in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar.

【过关练习】This is the mount of which the top is covered with snow all the year round.这就是终年山顶为积雪覆盖的山。

Man has achieved remarkable success in the field of astronautics, __________（最终目标和意图