高考英语 重难点语法讲解时态

高中英语语法——时态

一、概说：英语一共有十六个时态（8种基本时态 +8种合成时态）各个时态的构成法归纳如下:（以”write”为例）

二、考点聚焦

1、动词时态考查要点简述

（1）一般现在时考点分析

①表示客观事实、客观规律和客观真理谚语格言等（不受时态限制）

The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.

Water boils at 100o C. He said that the earth turns round the sun.

Actions speak louder than words.

②表示经常发生、习惯性的动作,与 every day, usually, once a week 等时间状语连用。

He goes to school on foot every day.

We always care for each other and help each other.

③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如：

I know what you mean.

Smith owns a car and a house.

All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.

④在when 引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。注意，此时，主句用将来时态，从句用一般现在时态表示将来。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。

If it is fine tomorrow, we will go to the countryside.

I will write to her when I have time.

Do you know when he _will come_(come) back? When he comes back, please let me know.

I wonder if he _will come_ ( come) back tonight.(if 在此表示“是否”，而不是引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”)

If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。

⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。

The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.

Tomorrow is Wednesday.

（2）一般过去时的考点分析。

①一般过去时的基本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或状态常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用（或有上下文语境暗示）；用于表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式。如：

I met her in the street yesterday.

I once saw the famous star here.

They never drank wine. 表达过去的习惯

I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn’t.

② 表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。

The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.

He bought a watch but lost it.

③常用一般过去时的句型：

Why didn’t you --- I didn’t notice it.

I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.

I didn’t recognize him.

（3）一般将来时考点分析。

一般将来时的6种表达形式

(1)“will/shall+动词原形”：将要发生的动作或状况，也可表示“预见”（带有说话人的主观态度和看法）。

Will you be busy tonight?

You will feel better after taking this medicine.

(2) “be going to + do”有两种意义，一是表示“意图”，即打算在将来做某事；二是表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生某种情况。

The wall is going to be painted soon.

George is putting on weight. He’s going to be quite fat.

Look at the dark clouds over there. It’s going to rain.

注：“will + v.” 和“be going to + v.” 均可表示意图，“be going to + v.” 表示的意图是事先经过考虑的，而“will + v.” 所表示的意图则是说话时临时想到的。

e.g. A: You left the light on for the whole night .