萨丕尔沃尔夫假说ppt课件
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
the strong version believes that language patterns determine people's thinking and behavior
the weak one holds that the former influences the later.
语言决定论
Linguistic relativity
语言相对论
Different languages offer people different ways of expressing the world around, and so they think
and speak differently.
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
齐天大圣
• When looking at this word, we will think about the famoud monkey.
• What will the westerners think about?
the Great Sage Equalling Heaven
• people trend to sort out and distinguish experiences differently accordingly to the semantic categories provided by their different codes in their culture
example: snow in Eskimo and English
• For Eskimos, Snow is importment and so crucial to life that each of its various forms and conditions is named.
qanik（雪花），qaniit（飘落着的雪）， qanipalaat（雪花聚成的如羽毛般的雪 团），qannirsuq（飘雪的天气）， qana(下落的雪)，pipsirpoq(低吹雪)， pokatok(粒状)
• More than in Whorf’s days, however, we recognize how important context is in complementing the meanings encoded in the language.
wk.baidu.com
此课件下载可自行编辑修改，供参考！ 感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！
corn snow(变成颗粒状的积雪),fine powder snow(细粉雪),drifting snow(低吹 雪)
Two Important Insights
• There is nowadays a recognition that language, as code, reflects cultural preoccupations and constrains the way people think.
称为"萨丕尔-沃尔夫"假说，这一 假说成为人类文化语言学的基础
。
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
萨丕尔—沃尔夫假说
• with their studies of American Indian laguages, proclaimed that the structure of the language people habitually use influences the ways they think and behave.
萨丕尔—沃尔夫假说(SWH)
• Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf
萨丕尔（美国语言学家）长期研 究语言学和人类文化学的有关问 题，重视语言和文化、语言和思
维的联系，提出"语言影响人类 关于现实世界概念系统的形成" 这一设想，经他的弟子沃尔夫发 展，形成语言相关性的学说，被
• they believe that languages filters people's perception and the way they categorize their experiences.
strong version and weak version
two different interpretations:
• 语言决定论即人的思维完全受自己的母语影响， 因为人只能通过自己语言中的范畴和区别特征来 认识世界。语言不仅仅指称独立于语言而获得经 验，而是实际上决定着我们的经验。
如：汉语词汇的对称性特征反应在中国人的思维
中的对称性特点； 在堆放并写有空汽油筒标志的仓库，人们往往 因疏于防范而引起火灾； 换气扇如果被标为吹风机，其被反向安装的可 能性增加。
语言相对论
• 一种语言系统里的范畴和区别特征对这一语言系 统来说是独特的，与其他语言系统不相容。形成 思想的过程并不是独立的，而是一种独特的语法 ，在不同程度上因语言不同而不同。 语言相对 论的两层含义：一是一种文化中的内容。只有用 该文化中的语言才能得到充分表达。另一层意思 是，发源于某一文化中的概念，如果用只一种文 化中的语言去讲，意思就会有所不同，至少在人 们心目中唤起的意象不同，思维之间具有相关性 。
• In English-speaking cultures, snow is far less importment and the simple word snow usuallt suffices the need. When some needs become more specific, however, longer phrasescan be made up to meet these needs:
the weak one holds that the former influences the later.
语言决定论
Linguistic relativity
语言相对论
Different languages offer people different ways of expressing the world around, and so they think
and speak differently.
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
齐天大圣
• When looking at this word, we will think about the famoud monkey.
• What will the westerners think about?
the Great Sage Equalling Heaven
• people trend to sort out and distinguish experiences differently accordingly to the semantic categories provided by their different codes in their culture
example: snow in Eskimo and English
• For Eskimos, Snow is importment and so crucial to life that each of its various forms and conditions is named.
qanik（雪花），qaniit（飘落着的雪）， qanipalaat（雪花聚成的如羽毛般的雪 团），qannirsuq（飘雪的天气）， qana(下落的雪)，pipsirpoq(低吹雪)， pokatok(粒状)
• More than in Whorf’s days, however, we recognize how important context is in complementing the meanings encoded in the language.
wk.baidu.com
此课件下载可自行编辑修改，供参考！ 感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！
corn snow(变成颗粒状的积雪),fine powder snow(细粉雪),drifting snow(低吹 雪)
Two Important Insights
• There is nowadays a recognition that language, as code, reflects cultural preoccupations and constrains the way people think.
称为"萨丕尔-沃尔夫"假说，这一 假说成为人类文化语言学的基础
。
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
萨丕尔—沃尔夫假说
• with their studies of American Indian laguages, proclaimed that the structure of the language people habitually use influences the ways they think and behave.
萨丕尔—沃尔夫假说(SWH)
• Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf
萨丕尔（美国语言学家）长期研 究语言学和人类文化学的有关问 题，重视语言和文化、语言和思
维的联系，提出"语言影响人类 关于现实世界概念系统的形成" 这一设想，经他的弟子沃尔夫发 展，形成语言相关性的学说，被
• they believe that languages filters people's perception and the way they categorize their experiences.
strong version and weak version
two different interpretations:
• 语言决定论即人的思维完全受自己的母语影响， 因为人只能通过自己语言中的范畴和区别特征来 认识世界。语言不仅仅指称独立于语言而获得经 验，而是实际上决定着我们的经验。
如：汉语词汇的对称性特征反应在中国人的思维
中的对称性特点； 在堆放并写有空汽油筒标志的仓库，人们往往 因疏于防范而引起火灾； 换气扇如果被标为吹风机，其被反向安装的可 能性增加。
语言相对论
• 一种语言系统里的范畴和区别特征对这一语言系 统来说是独特的，与其他语言系统不相容。形成 思想的过程并不是独立的，而是一种独特的语法 ，在不同程度上因语言不同而不同。 语言相对 论的两层含义：一是一种文化中的内容。只有用 该文化中的语言才能得到充分表达。另一层意思 是，发源于某一文化中的概念，如果用只一种文 化中的语言去讲，意思就会有所不同，至少在人 们心目中唤起的意象不同，思维之间具有相关性 。
• In English-speaking cultures, snow is far less importment and the simple word snow usuallt suffices the need. When some needs become more specific, however, longer phrasescan be made up to meet these needs: