语言学--unit9语言与文学Language and Literature

Dictionary definition
The world is like a stage.
The name of a
part of a
objective
to
synecdoche refer to the
whole thing.
simile Figurative language metapher
(4)
To demonstrate technical skill, and for intellectual pleasure
(5)
For emphasis or contrast
(6)
Onomatopoeia
9.3 The Language in Poety 9.3.6 How to Analyse Poetry
Ex.9-15
Trochee and palm to palm is holy palmer's kiss
Ex.9-16
Anapest Willows whiten, aspens quiver
Ex.9-17
Dactyl Without cause be he pleased, without cause be he cross
(1)
Information about the poem
(2)
The way the poem is structured
lingustics chapter 9.4 The Language
in Fiction
9.4.1 Fictional Prose and Point of View
(1) I-narrators (2)Third-person narrators (3)Schema-oriented language (4)Given vs New information (5)Deixis
文体》
Corpus Stylistics《语料库
文体学》
Speech presentation
(1) Direct Speech
(2) Indirect Speech
(3) Narrator's Representation of Speech Acts (4) Narrator's Representation of S(5p)eFereceh Indirect Speech
9.3 The Language in Poety 9.3.1 Sound Patterning
Ex.9-10
1
Little Bo-peep Has lost her sheep And doesn't know where to find them Leave them alone And they will come home Waggling their tails behind them
Stylistics
A creation of bibliographers(文献研究者). A branch of linguistics studying the features of situationally distinctive uses of language and establish some principles.
The world is a stage.
明喻
A change of name.
metonymy
暗喻 转喻 提喻
The analysis of literary language
1 words
Step 1.
3 Grammatical level
Step 3
2 Word order and syntax
Ex.9-21
5
When lovely woman stoops to folly, And finds too late that men betray, What charm can soothe her melancholy, What art can wash her guilt away? The only art her guilt to cover, To hide her shame from every eye, To give repentance to her lover, And wring his bosom – is to die.
9.4.2 Speech and Thought Presentation
Mick Short(肖特） Literacture professor of Lancaster University(英国
兰开斯特大学文学教授）
A famous English stylist
Style in Fiction 《小说中的
Ex.9-20
4
Her eyes are wild,her head is bare, The sun has burnt her coal-black hair, Her eyebrows have a rusty stain, And she came from far over the main.
To distinguish literal from non-literal usage, we may use:
The language’s
Foregrounding
1.Phonological features
Was widely used in stylistics. And it
2. Grammatical features 3. Semantic features 4. Foregrounded ones.
Ex.9-18
Spondee One for the master, and one for the dame
Ex.9-19
Pyrrhic and a black-/Back gull bent like an iron bar slowly
9.3 The Language in Poety
9.3.4 Conventional Forms of Metre and Sound
Ex.9-11
2
Fair is foul and foul is fair Hover through wind and murky air
Ex.9-12
3
Hark! The herald angels sing Glory to the newborn King.
9.3 The Language in Poety
syntax and so on, which includes
many figures of speech, like
repetitive patterns.
Foregrounding and Grammatical form
Deviate from those common forms of language, and as a result creates new interesting patterns in form and meaning
4
9.5 The Language in Drama
5
9.6 The Cognitive Approach to Literature
Introduction literary stylistics(文学文体学)
Style
Has been recognized since the days of rhetoric.
Step2 .
5 To analyze
1. Rewrite 2. Understand the structural
aspects 3. Search information 4. Check figurative language
4 The system of the language
Step 4
points
Some parts’ (which are necessary for a normal sentence) being lost makes a good effect in stressing or meaning.
Literal language and Figurative language
Language and Literature(语言与文学)
CHAPTER 9
Group 3 李青 陈嘉仪 朱灵丰
CONTENTS
1
9.2 Some General Features of the Literary Language
2
9.3 The Language in Poetry
3
9.4 The Language in Fiction
Ex.9-21
6
BUT do not let us quarrel any more, No, my Lucrezia; bear with me for once: Sit down and all shall happen as you wish. You turn your face, but does it bring your heart?
9.3 The Language in Poety
9.3.5 The Poetic Functions of Sound and Metre
(1)
For aesthetic pa convention/style/poetical form
(3)
To express or innovate with a form
Introduction of this Chapter Carter and Simpson observed that
The 1960s
Formalism in stylistics
The 1980s
Discourse stylistics
01
The 1970s
02 Functionalism
9.3.2 Different Forms of Sound Patterning
Ex.9-13
me-be love-prove
Rhyme Consona nce
me-my pleasures-prove
Alliteration Repetition
Reverse
rhyme
live-with-will come-love
in stylistics
03 The 1990s
social-
04
historical
and social-cultural
stylistic studies
9.2
Some General Features of the Literary Language
Literary Stylistics
was defined as “artistically motivated deviation”(以艺术手法为动 机的偏离) by leech & short. And this deviation, or uncommon usage,
involves all levels of language: sound,
Stream of Consciousness Writing——
Main features
in the most free version of mDTany grammatical words have been removed
Other features: 在表现对象方面上
小说谋篇布局的顺序上
Thought presentation
(1) Direct Thought (2) Indirect Thought (3) Narrator's Representation of Thought Act (4) Narrator's Representation of Thought (5) Free Indirect Thought
9.4.3 Prose Style
Authorial Style Jane Austen • Jane Austen’s writing style is a mix of
Assonance Pararhy me
will-all with-will live-love
9.3 The Language in Poety 9.3.3 Stress and Metrical Patterning
Ex.9-14
Lamb For saints have hands that pilgrims's hands do touch