专业英语第一版

What is psychology ?
1.DEFINITIONS: The word "Psychology" is derived from two Greek roots:"Psyche",meaning "mind" or "soul" and "Logos",meaning "study of".
argue:认为，提出……观点，辩论
当今对于心理学作为科学的发展，对于它的两个哲学性影响是： 1经验主义——认为人们只能去测量可以客观观测的数据，比如 说行为。 2实证主义——认为科学的原理的方法应该被应用于人类行为的 研究中。
TIPS：
• empiricism:the belief in basing your ideas on practical experience.
2 Physiology - the discoveries, mostly by the medical profession, of the structure and function of the brain, nervous, and endocrine system have significantly contributed to the understanding of behaviour.
investigate:调查，研究，探讨
outline:概述，提出……的纲要 such as:像，诸如，例如[用于举例]
心理学研究的很多问题，是由希腊哲学家最先清晰提出（概 要）的。比如说公元前5世纪的Socrates,Plato, and Aristotle等。
PHILOSOPHY
Two more recent philosophical influences on the development of psychology as a science were: 1 Empiricism - which argued that humans should only measure data that is objectively observable, such as behaviour. 2 Positivism - which argued that the methods and principles of science should be applied to human behaviour.
Psychology, therefore,literally means "study of the mind".
However,a more recent definition by Atkinson al(1991) suggests that psychology is: "The scientific study of behaviour and mental processes" et
therefore:因此 literally :根据字面意思
因此，从字面上来讲，心理的意思就是对于心灵(意识)的 研究。
However,a more recent definition by Atkinson et al(1991) suggests that psychology is: "The scientific study of behaviour and mental processes"
2.THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY
WHERE DID PSYCHOLOGY COME FROM? Psychology developed from 标题内容 areas of study: three main
PHILOSOPHY
Philosophy:哲学
BIOLOGY
Biology:生物学
suggest:认为，建议，提议
然而，Atkinson（1991）等人提出了一个较新的定义，“心 理学是对于行为与心理过程的科学研究”。 心理学是研究行为和心理过程的科学。
Just giving this simple definition, however, is a bit misleading, since psychologists now and throughout their history have not only disagreed about the definition of psychology but have also strongly disagreed about what should be studied in the subject and how it should be studied.
physiology:生理学 medical profession:医疗职业
endocrine system:内分泌系统
significantly:重大地，客观地
生理学领域尤其是医疗行业，对脑，神经，内分泌系统的结 构和功能的发现，对于理解行为有重大的贡献。
PHYSICS
A subject that because of its great success has been adopted as the ideal model by scientist in psychology, who have borrowed its scientific methods and principles.
PHILOSOPHY
Many of the problems which psychology has investigated were first most clearly outlined by Greek philosophers such as Socrates,Plato, and Aristotle in the 5th century BC.
ENGLISH FOR PSYCHOLOGY
Liu Yanlou
CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE


WHAT IS PSYCHOLOGY CHAPTER TWO RESEARCH METHODS CHAPTER THREE CONGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY CHAPTER FOUR DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY CHAPTER FIVE SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY CHAPTER SIX ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY CHAPTER SEVEN SKILLS OF READING CHAPTER EIGHT SKILLS OF WRITING
PHYSICS
Physics:物理学
心理学的来源？ 心理学是从三个主要的研究领域发展而来的：哲学、生物学、 物理学。
PHILOSOPHY
Many of the problems which psychology has investigated were first most clearly outlined by Greek philosophers such as Socrates,Plato, and Aristotle in the 5th century BC.Two more rencent philosophical influences on the development of psychology as a science were: 1 Empiricism - which argued that humans should only measure data that is objectively observable, such as behaviour. 2 Positivism - which argued that the methods and principles of science should be applied to human behaviour.
misleading:误导的，令人误解的，引入歧途 subject:主题，科目
然而，仅仅给出这样一个简单的定义，会有一点误导，因为 无论是在历史上还是现在，心理学家不仅对于心理学的定义 没有达成一致，而且对于在这个学科中应该研究什么以及应 该如何研究也存在巨大的分歧。
What is psychology？
BIOLOGY
1 Evolution - Darwin's suggestion that humans have evolved from other animals. The discoveries in genetics that followed from his evolutionary theroy have had many important implications for the study and understanding of bahaviour.
Chapter 1
What is psychology ?
What is psychology ?
1. DEFINITIONS 2. THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY

WHERE DID PSYCHOLOGY COME FROM WHEN DID PSYCHOLOGY STARTED HOW DID PSYCHOLOGY DEVELOP
Evolution:进化论
suggestion:建议，意见，观点 implication:含义，影响，（可引申为意义）
进化论——Darwin认为人类是从别的动物进化而来的。基因 理论（遗传学）是由其理论发展而来的，在基因领域的发现， 对于研究和理解行为有重大的影响。
BIOLOGY
2 Physiology - the discoveries, mostly by the medical profession, of the structure and function of the brain, nervous, and endocrine system have significantly contributed to the understanding of behaviour.
• positivism：a kind of PHILOSOPHY that is based only on real facts which can be scientifically proved, rather than on ideas.
BIOLOGY
Biology has two important influences: 1 Evolution - Darwin's suggestion that humans have evolved from other animals. The discoveries in genetics that followed from his evolutionary theroy have had many important implications for the study and understanding of bahaviour.
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READINGS


心理学专业英语基础 心理学·教育学专业英语 改变心理学的40项研究（中文版，英 文版）
RESOURCES



英语字典（牛津，朗文） 现代英汉-汉英心理学词汇 http:/Biblioteka Baidudict.cnki.net
What is psychology ?
DEFINITIONS: The word "Psychology" is derived from two Greek roots: "Psyche", meaning "mind" or "soul" and "Logos", meaning "study of".
derive:派生 roots:词根 mind:心灵；精神 soul:灵魂；心灵；精神
心理学这个单词是由psyche和logos这两个希腊词派生出 来的，psyche的意思是心灵或精神，logos的意思是 对„„研究。
Psychology, therefore,literally means "study of the mind".