计算机专业英语复习题

1.判断题

（）1. Operating system first appeared during the third computer generation.

（）2. Unlike the other buses, the address bus always receives data from the CPU; the CPU never reads the address bus.

（）3. The main operations of set algebra are complementation, union and intersection. （）4. If an empty stack is popped, we say the stack overflows, which is normally an error.

（）5. The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only.

（）6. Freeware is free software with no restriction.

（）7. When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the data onto the data bus, then outputs the address onto the address bus.

（）8．The FORTRAN programming language was developed during the first computer generation.

（）9．A stack is a dynamic set that obeys the FIFO property.

（）10．Two popular strategies for resource allocation are static allocation and dynamic allocation.

（）11．The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only.

（）12. A program written in the assembly language of one microprocessor can run on a computer that has a different microprocessor.

（）13. Object-oriented programming(OOP) is a programming language model organized around “objects” rather than “actions” and data rather than logic.

（）14. FORTRAN is a particularly good language for processing numerical data, but it does not lend itself very well to organizing large programs.

（）15. C++ and Smalltalk are two of the more popular object-oriented programming language.

2.词汇

Vacuum tube 真空管general purpose 通用transistor 晶体管

LSI（Large Scale Integrated Circuit）：大规模集成电路

VLSI(Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit）：超大规模集成电路

Mainframe 大型机medium-sized computer 中型机minicomputer 小型机

Microcomputer 小型机

machine language 机器语言assembly language 汇编语言high-level language 高级语言Multiprogramming 多道程序设计virtual memory 虚拟存储time-share 分时

Batch system 批处理系统interactive system 交互式系统

Instruction cycle 指令周期

Address bus, data bus, control bus

Internal register内部寄存器external register 外部寄存器flag register标志寄存器Instruction register 指令寄存器program counter程序计数器combinatorial logic组合逻辑Control signal 控制信号instruction code指令代码instruction pipeline指令流水线Bidirectional 双向的unidirectional 单向的

ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit) 算术逻辑单元

Decimal system十进制binary system 二进制quinary system 五进制duodecimal system 十二进制

Boolean algebra 布尔代数set algebra 集合代数empty set 空集universal set 全集intersection 交complement 补finite set 有限集infinite set 无限集

Stack 堆栈queue 队列underflow 下溢overflow 上溢pseudocode 伪码LIFO(Last in first out) 后进先出FIFO(First in first out) 先进先出Linked list 链表doubly linked list 双向链表

Circular list 循环链表

Resource allocation 资源分配user interface 用户接口static resource allocation 静态资源分配dynamic resource allocation 动态资源分配sequential sharing 串行共享concurrent sharing 并行共享resource preemption 资源抢占memory sharing 存储器共享sequential program 顺序程序concurrent program 并发程序packet filtering firewall 包过滤防火墙intrusion detection 入侵检测open source 开放源代码的

Middleware 中间件liteware 不具备部分性能的共享软件shareware 共享软件freeware 免费软件

CAD/CAM Computer Aided Design/Manufacture 计算机辅助设计/制造

Software life cycle 软件生存期Software engineering 软件工程System engineering and analysis 系统工程与分析Software requirement analysis 软件需求分析

Prototype 原型fix-it coding 纠错式编码，修改式编码

MIS/DP（Management Information System/Data Processing）管理信息系统/数据处理Machine language 机器语言assembly language 汇编语言

OOPL(Object-oriented programming language) 面向对象的程序设计语言

3、选择

（）1．Which one below is not a characteristic that we associate with a true computer today?

A．electronic B．automatic C．stored-program D．general-purpose

（）1．Which one below was the first machine whose design included all the characteristics of a computer.

A．Z3 B．Mark I C．ENIAC D．EDV AC

（）1．Which characteristic was not belong to ENIAC?________

A．electronic B．general-purpose C．stored program D．capable of performing thousands of operations per second