高考名词练习题
高考名词练习题
一、单项选择名词
1．After the earthquake, the first thing the government did was to provide ______for the homeless families.
A．accommodation B．resources C．furniture D．recreation
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：地震后，政府做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供住处。A. accommodation住处；B. resources资源；物力；C. furniture家具；D. recreation反应。根据句意故选A。
2．She is in a poor _____ of health, which worries her mother much.
A．state B．situation
C．position D．condition
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. state状态；B. situation形势；C. position位置；D. condition情况。句意：她身体不好，这让她妈妈很担心。in…state of表示“处于一种……的状态”，故A项正确。
3．Only when women are enabled to become strong will our families, our economies, and our societies reach their fullest .
A．distinction B．innovation
C．potential D．appreciation
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词。A. distinction区别； B. innovation创新； C. potential潜能； D. appreciation 欣赏。句意：只有当妇女能够变得强大时，我们的家庭、经济和社会才能充分发挥其潜力。结合句意可知答案为C。
4．The girl received no approval of his family as her marriage with an African boy was regarded as a ____ from tradition.
A．violation B．departure
C．withdrawal D．separation
【答案】B
【解析】
考查名词的词义辨析。A. violation违反，妨碍；B. departure离开，出发；C. withdrawal撤退，收回；D. separation分离，分开。句意：这个女孩没有得到家人的认可因为她与非洲人的婚姻被认为是背离传统的。结合句意可知答案为B。
5． attention to surrounding traffic is a(n) to accidents.
A．Drivers not paying; invitation B．Drivers’ not paying; invitation
C．Drivers not paying; cause D．Drivers’ not paying; cause
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查动名词和名词。句意：司机不注意周围的交通会引起事故。此处是动名词的否定形式作主语，且逻辑主语是名词所有格形式，所以第一个空应填Drivers’ not paying；第二个空，an invitation to“------的一个邀请”，结合句意此空填invitation。故选B。
6．Violent programs on television may have a bad on children.
A．injury B．pressure
C．impression D．influence
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词。A. injury伤害； B. pressure压力； C. impression印象； D. influence影响。句意：电视上的暴力节目可能对孩子有不良影响。固定词组：have an effect/ influence
on“对------有影响”。故选D。
7．Now that the banks are back on their feet, we expect the extraordinary______ from them to help rebuild the economy.
A．category B．commitment C．component D．competence
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词。A. category 种类； B. commitment承诺，保证； C. component成分，组件；
D. competence能力，胜任。句意：现在银行已经恢复了元气，我们希望他们能做出非凡的承诺，帮助重建经济。结合句意可知答案为B。
8．Donald Trump made a _____ to the nation that he would struggle for lower taxes and improve health care after taking office.
A．contribution B．commitment
C．devotion D．donation
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。A. contribution贡献；B. commitment承诺；C. devotion奉献；D. donation 捐赠。句意：唐纳德·特朗普向全国承诺，他上任后将为降低税收和改善医疗服务而奋斗。故B选项正确。
9．He was so nervous during the test. No ______ he didn’t pass t he exam.
A．way B．surprise
C．wonder D．matter
【答案】C
【解析】词义辨析。No way没门,没办法,根本不行；No wonder难怪；No matter不管什么。他考试时太紧张了。难怪他没有通过考试。选C。
10．It can’t be a(n) _______that four jewelry stores were robbed in one night. A．coincidence B．accident
C．incident D．chance
【答案】B
【解析】
词义辨析。 A.巧合；一致 B. 事故；意外 C.事件；事变 D. 机会。句意：四家珠宝商店在一夜之间被抢劫不会是一起事故。含有意外的意思，故选B。
11．In the book, the author describes how Iran has long sought an with America. A．acceleration B．accomplishment
C．accumulation D．accommodation
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：这本书里，作者描述了伊朗如何长期与美国寻求和解。A. acceleration加速，促进；B. accomplishment成就，完成；C. accumulation积聚，累积；D. accommodation和解，膳宿。根据句意，故选D。
12．I can’t say which one is best——it’s________personal taste.
A．a lack of B．a means of C．a manner of D．a matter of
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：我无法说哪一个最好---这是个人品味问题。A. a lack of 缺乏；
B. a means of方式，方法；
C. a manner of方式；
D. a matter of…的问题。根据句意可得知D
选项符合题意。故选D。
13．—Can you tell us your ________ for happiness and a long life?
—Living every day to the full, definitely.
A．recipe B．record C．range D．reflection
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：——能告诉我你幸福长寿的秘诀吗？——一定每天都过得充实。A. recipe秘诀；食谱；B. record记录；C. range范围；D. reflection反射；沉思。根据句意故选A。
14．Some people experience shyness as a _______ to communication, but this can be broken down gradually.
A．conflict B．taboo C．barrier D．delay
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：有些人觉得羞怯成为交际上的障碍,但这是可以逐渐克服的。分析选项：conflict冲突，矛盾; taboo禁忌；barrier屏障; 障碍；delay耽搁; 延迟。可知C符合题意，故选C。
15．The past 40 years have witnessed different means of ____from bicycle kingdom to auto market.
A．transport B．challenge C．expression D．communication 【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：过去的四十年见证了从自行车王国到电动汽车市场的不同形式的交通工具。A. transport 交通工具；B. challenge挑战；C. expression表达，表情；D. communication交流。由于自行车和电动汽车都属于交通工具，所以这句话描写的是不同的交通工具。故选A。
16．He graduated from a medical research ______ five years ago and has been working as a
doctor since then.
A．data B．attendance
C．context D．institute
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：他五年前从一所医学研究所毕业，从那时起就一直当医生。A. data 数据；B. attendance出席；C. context上下文；D. institute学院，根据题意，故选D。
17．“We trust that today’s talks will help create _________ on the Belt and Road Initiative as part of the efforts to build a global community of a shared future,” said Zhou Shuchun. A．consensus B．consequence C．compromise D．competence
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：周树春表示:“我们相信，今天的会谈将有助于就一带一路倡议达成共识，这是构建全球命运共同体努力的一部分。”A. consensus共识；B. consequence 结果；C. compromise妥协; D. competence 胜任。会谈将有助于就一带一路倡议达成共识。所以consensus“共识”符合句意。故选A项。
18．—It is reported that Fan Bingbing broke the law of tax.
—Well, the ________ for her is so heavy that it is a warning to high-incomers.
A．reward B．fare C．fine D．charge
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：——据报道，范冰冰触犯了税法。——嗯，对她的罚款很重，这对高收入的人来说是个警告。A. reward报酬；B. fare公共交通费；C. fine罚款；D. charge费用。上一句说范冰冰触犯了税法，因此此处是说对她的处罚（罚款），故C项正确。
19．During the Song Dynasty, people played a game called cuju, which is regarded as the ______ of ancient football.
A．resource B．cause C．origin D．reason
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在宋朝，人们玩一种被称为蹴鞠的游戏，它被认为是古代足球的起源。A. resource 资源；B. cause原因；事业；C. origin起源；D. reason原因；足球是
由古代的蹴鞠演变而来，也就是说蹴鞠是足球的起源。根据句意可知C项正确。
20．As global warming increases, the Earth will become less and less suited to life, and many species will face ______.
A．extinction B．direction C．calculation D．application
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着全球变暖的加剧，地球将越来越不适合生命生存，许多物种将面临灭绝。A. extinction灭绝，消失；B. direction指导；C. calculation计算；D. application申请；应用。结合句意，故选A。
21．It's difficult to guess what his ______ to the news would be.
A．reaction B．opinion C．comment D．impression
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：很难猜测他对这个消息会有什么反应。A. reaction反应；B. opinion 观点；C. comment评论；D. impression印象。分析句子可知，应是很难猜测他对消息的反应是什么。故选A。
22．Children should not see the films full of violent (暴力的) .
A．sights B．views C．signs D．scenes
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：孩子们不应该看充满暴力的电影场景。A. sights景象；B. views风景；看法；C. signs迹象；D. scenes场面；（戏剧的）一场。根据上文“the films full of violent ”可推断，此处指“电影中的场景”。故选D。
【点睛】
scene，view，sight，sign的区别。
1. sight则既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观，又可以指名胜、风景，但表示后者的含义时，习惯上要用复数。如：
The sight was quite amusing. 这景象使人感到有趣。
We saw the sights of Hong Kong by bus. 我们乘公共汽车观看香港的风景。
Mary walked round the town, looking at the sights. 玛丽在城里到处转，逛各处景点。
2. view主要指从某处看到的东西或景象，有时也指“风景”，尤指自然美景（fine natural scenery）。如：
From the window there was a clear view of the mountains. 从窗户往外看是一览无余的群山。
The view makes this a good location for a house. 景观使得此处成为建房的好地点。
The view was wonderful. If I’d had a camera, I would have taken some photo—graphs. 风景好极了，要是我带有照相机，我就照几张像了。
3. scene 多指某一特定或具体场面所表示的“景色”、“场景”等，可以是室内的也可以是室外的、可以是城市的也可以是乡村的、可以是活动的也可以是静态的等。如：
There are some pretty scenes in the park. 公园里有几处美丽的景色。
As he entered the room, he was confronted by a scene of disorder. 他进入房间，面对的是一幅乱糟糟的场面。
4. sign 是符号，手势，迹象，指示牌的意思。
Headaches may be a sign of stress.
头痛可能是紧张的迹象。
The sign on the wall said ‘Now wash your hands ’.
墙上的牌子上写着“请洗手”。
23．As all the readers can se e, the painting presents the children’s mood before the trip and after the trip in a sharp ____.
A．opposite B．contrast C．comparison D．contrary
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如读者们所看到的，这幅画呈现了孩子们出游前后的心情，二者是截然相反的。A. opposite对立面；B. contrast对照；C. comparison比较；D. contrary 相反。此处对比孩子们出游前后的心情，in a sharp contrary表示“恰恰相反”，故D项正确。
24．Many scientists have believed that there may be a ______ of life on the Mars.
A．signal B．sign C．mark D．sigh
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：很多科学家相信在火星上有生命迹象。A. signal信号；B. sign标语，迹象；C. mark标记；D. sigh叹气。火星上的生命是有迹象的。故选B。
25．Those who suffer from headache will find they get ____ from this medicine．
A．relief B．security C．mercy D．protection丹3【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
本题考查名词词义辨析。解题步骤：1.确定各项意思：A. relief缓解；B. security安全；C. mercy仁慈；D. protection保护；2.确定答案：结合后文from this medicine可知是表示“这种药会使他们的头痛得到缓解”。句意：头痛的人会发现这种药会使他们得到缓解。故选A。
26．No ______ has proved that eating too much is the main cause of the weight problem. A．doubt B．wonder C．evidence D．belief
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：没有证据表明吃的过多是引起体重问题的主要原因。A. doubt疑问；B. wonder 难怪；C. evidence证据；D. belief信念。根据句意理解，没有证据可以证明肥胖问题的原因这种说法比较通顺容易理解。故选C项。
27．The principal's opening _____ at the new year's party threw the students into excitement. A．ethic B．remarks
C．attention D．possessions
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：校长在新年晚会上的开场白使学生们兴奋不已。A. ethic伦理； B. remarks评论；C. attention注意力；D. possessions财产，根据题意，故选B。
28．There is little doubt that with power and ______ it comes more responsibility instead of entertainment.
A．possession B．privilege
C．association D．pattern
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：毫无疑问，权力和特权带来的是更多的责任，而不是娱乐。A. possession财产；B. privilege特权；C. association联合；D. pattern图案，根据题意，故选B。
29．We observe the tradition of having a big family dinner with a／an ____________ of delicious food on Spring Festival's Eve.
A．boom B．division
C．reputation D．abundance
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我们遵循传统，在除夕夜吃一顿有着丰盛美食的家宴。A. boom繁荣；B. division分配；C. reputation名声；D. abundance丰富，根据题意，故选D。
30．The two sides have finally reached a(n) _______ , though some small differences(分歧) still exist(存在).
A．announcement B．agreement C．amazement D．achievement
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管仍存在一些小分歧，但双方最终达成了一致。A. announcement宣告；B. agreement一致；C. amazement惊愕；D. achievement成就。根据“though some small differences(分歧) still exist”可推知，此处表示“达成一致”，故B项正确。
高考英语专题一名词
考点一名词 名 词 一、可数名词单数变复数的规则 1.规则变化 规则例词 一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s book—books cap—caps tree—trees 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es glass—glasses box—boxes watch—watches brush—brushes
2.不规则变化
注意:1.fish的“数” ?
2.penny的复数形式 ? 2 pennies ? 2 pence 3.hair的“数” ? ?
4.people指“人”时是person的一种复数形式,指“民族”时其复数形 式为peoples。 one person一个人two people两个人 a people一个民族two peoples两个民族 二、名词所有格 1. 加-'s词尾的规则 2.用法 （1）用于表来人或其他有生命的名词。表示所有关系类别用途、目的或起源。Is this Mr. Black's ofie? 这是布莱克先生的办公室吗? I took over my father's company last year.我是去年接管我父亲的公司的。children's bookstore儿童书店 (2)用于表示时间距离、价格等的名词。 Have you read today's newspaper?你读今天的报纸了吗? We're going to have a six weeks' summer vacation.我们将有一-个为期六个星期的暑假。
It's only half an hour's drive from here to the nearesthospital. 从这里到最近的医院开车仅有半小时的路程。 I bought 100 dollars' worth of books.我买了100美元的书。 (3)表示国家、城市、天体等的名词常用- 's结构。 China's industry 中国的工业 the ciy' enironment这座城市的环境the earth's suface地球的表面 (4)用以构成不同的节日。 April Fo's Day愚人节Children'sDay儿童节 Mothe's Day母亲节Teaches Day教师节 (5)用来表示店铺、医院、学校、住宅及公共建筑时，名词所有格后常常不出现它所修饰的名词。 at the barber's (shop)在理发店at Dick's (home)在迪克家 at the Whites' ( home )在怀特家里at the doctor's ( ffice)在医院at the tailor's ( shop)在裁缝店 (6)-'s用于学位中。 a Bachelor's degree学土学位 a master's degree硕士学位 a doctor's degree博士学位 (7)有时为了避免重复，可以单独使用-'s所有格，在句中相当于名词My views are quite different from my father's.我的观点与我父亲的非常不同。 My camera is the same as Ron's.我的照相机和罗恩的一样。 (8)由and连接的两个或多个名词，表示共同拥有时，只将最后一个名词变为所有格形式;如果是各自所有，则每个名词都要变成所有格 Jonh and Mary’s school Jonh’s and Mary’s schools (9)不定代词后加else,在else后加“-'s” somebody else's possessions 3.of所有格
高考英语名词专项练习
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(完整word版)高考英语语法专题名词
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高考英语名词考点专题.docx
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高考英语易错语法点30题专题01 名词(解析版)
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高考英语专题名词知识点全集汇编含答案解析 一、选择题 1．With the COVID-19 ______ quickly around the globe, the whole world are in a(n) ______ of shock. A．gathering, condition B．spreading, state C．to spread, approach D．to gather, style 2．It's difficult to guess what his ______ to the news would be. A．reaction B．opinion C．comment D．impression 3．Determination is the most important of all the ____________ because without determination, you will end up doing nothing. A．tactics B．virtues C．emotions 4．In old China, parents demanded complete ____________ from their children. A．ambition B．obedience C．education 5．I suggest you apply for membership. Members can get a 15% ____________. A．discount B．dictation C．favor 6．No ______ has proved that eating too much is the main cause of the weight problem. A．doubt B．wonder C．evidence D．belief 7．—In spring, hens start laying eggs again, bringing a welcome source of protein. —It is ____ that lots of cultures celebrate spring by honoring the egg! A．no doubt B．no surprise C．no way D．no need 8．The practice of hanging flags is a common _______ in many parts of the country on National Day. A．sight B．scenery C．sign D．signal 9．I practiced a lot in the training center so that I could pass the driving test at my first __________. A．attempt B．experiment C．flight D．glance 10．The two neighbouring countries reached a（an） ______ on their boundary problem eventually. A．Accumulation.B．compensation C．accommodation D．ambition 11．The painful experience left her emotionally drained, but she is not the sort of ________woman to be defeated by a of fate. A．damage B．collapse C．twist D．share 12．The _____on his face suggested that he was extremely angry. A．impression B．sight C．appearance D．expression 13．Despite numerous failures, they continued to carry out the____________. A．method B．experiment.C．warning D．effect 14．American English has so many_________because the American people have come from all over the world. A．grammar B．vocabulary C．pronunciations D．dialects
高考英语必考点专题01名词精讲深剖含解析
专题01 名词 I.单句语法填空 1.（2019?全国卷I）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ______ (believe) that populations are increasing. 【答案】belief 【解析】考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief。 2.（2019?全国卷III)When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. 【答案】competition 【解析】考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。 3.（2019?浙江卷)Other American studies showed no ______(connect) between uniforms and school performance. 【答案】connection/connections 【解析】考查名词。句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。故填connection/connections。 4.（2018·6月浙江高考） Making Chinese ( dish)is seen as especially troublesome. 【答案】dishes 【解析】考查名词单复数。dish是可数名词，其前无限定词，故用其复数形式dishes。 5．（2017?全国卷I） This trend， which was started by the medical community(医学界） as a method of fighting heart disease has had some unintended side ( effect) such as overweight and heart disease -the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. 【答案】effects 【解析】考查名词复数。side effect副作用，由前面的some和下文中的两个例子overweight and heart disease可知名词effect用复数形式effects。 6．（2016?全国卷I） The nursery team switches him every few (day ) with his sister so