专升本英语从句翻译

从句翻译

英语中的从句分：状语从句（时间、条件、原因、目的、地点、方式、比较、结果、让步从句）、名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）和定语从句。

第一节状语从句

一、状语从句及其从属连词

二、状语从句

（一）时间、条件、让步、方式等从句可用省略形式转换为简单句，但前提是从句的主语必须与主句的主语一致。例如：

1. As (she was) a child, she began to learn French.

她小的时候，就开始学习法语。

2. If (he was) alive, he must be at least ninety years old.

如果他还活着，一定至少90岁了。

3. Although (he was) told to stop, he kept on working.

尽管他被告知不要工作了，但他依然继续工作。

4. She won’t come to your birthday party unless invited.

如果不被邀请，她是不会参加你的生日聚会的。

5. The boy looked as if (he were) afraid of nothing.

这孩子看起来似乎无所畏惧。

6. If (it is) necessary, ring me up.

如果有必要，给我电话。

（二）when, while, as引导的时间状语从句

when时间状语中的谓语动词可延续，可非延续，有时译为“这时；突然”；while从句谓语动词必延续，有时译为“然而”；as强调主从句两谓语动词是同时发生或存在，常译为“一边……一边……”。例如：

1. We were about to leave when it began to rain.

我们刚要离开，天就开始下雨了。

2. We are studying while he is sleeping.

我们在学习，然而他在睡觉。

3. She sang as she walked.

她一边走一边唱。

4. As the day went on, the weather got worse.

随着日子的流逝，天气变得更坏了。

5. While / When taking a walk in the street, he saw an accident.

在街上散步时，他看到了一起车祸。（这句中While / When表当……时候，是可以互换的）

（三）no sooner …than…,hardly(barely, scarcely)… when…, as soon as 都表示“一……就……”。

例如：

1. He had no sooner seen the policeman than he ran away.

他一看见警察，就跑掉了。

这种句型常用倒装形式：

No sooner had he seen the policeman than he ran away.

2. She had hardly sat down when the telephone rang.（Hardly had she sat down when the telephone.）

她一坐下，电话就响了。

（四）immediately, directly, instantly, each time, the moment, the time, the minute, the second, the instant都可以直接引导时间

状语从句, 都表示“一……就……”。

例如：

1. I went to see him immediately I heard from him.

我一收到他的信就去看他。

2. She let out a cry the moment she saw the snake.

她一看到蛇就尖叫起来。

（五）not …until…的强调句型有两种形式：It is/was not until …that …或Not until在句首，这时后面的主句一定要倒

装。

例如：直到他回来我才知道这事。用强调句型译为：

It was not until he came back that I knew it.

Not until he came back did I know it.

（六）Now that, in that, seeing(that), considering(that)也表原因状语，译为：既然……；由于……。

例如：

1. Now that the weather has improved, let’s go out for a picnic.

既然天气好转，让我们去野餐吧。

2. Theory is valuable in that it can provide a direction for practice.

既然这理论能为实践提供指导，它还是有价值的。

3. Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should now help them.

既然他拒绝帮我们，现在我们没有理由帮他。

4. Now that you have finished your homework, you may go home now.

既然你已经完成你的作业了，现在你可以回家了。

（七）if, unless, so(as) long as, in case, supposed that, supposing (that), provided (that), providing (that)都能引导条件状语从句，注意条件从句中要用一般现在时表示将来时。

例如：

1. So long as you study hard, you will make great progress.

只要你努力，你将会取得巨大的成绩。

2. In case she comes, let me know.

万一她来，让我知道。