医学专业英语词根

Suffix Meaning Example

-ac pertaining to

属于，关于cardiac: pertaining to the heart 心脏（病）的

-al pertaining to medical: pertaining to medicine

-ar pertaining to molecular: pertaining to a molecule

分子的

-ary pertaining to

belonging to ciliary: pertaining to the cilia 睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的

-ase enzyme 酶amylase: any enzyme that converts starch to sug

ar 淀粉酶

-cle smallness

小,少,贫乏,小气follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊,(头发的)毛囊

-e an instrument 仪器auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear

(检查耳朵用的)耳镜

-eal pertaining to laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx

喉的, 喉音的

-ia condition; quality phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕

-ic pertaining to toxic: pertaining to toxin

有毒的；因中毒引起的

-ics study of; name of a scie

nce paediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases 儿科学

-ine/in substance 物质insulin：

substance (hormone) produced by the islets of La

ngerhans in the pancreas

胰岛素

-ism process or condition alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which b

ecomes addictive 酒精中毒

-ist one who specializes in

精通于……的人pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the s tudy of drugs 药理专家

-itis inflammation refers to a

part in

……部位的炎症rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎

-(i)um relation to a whole; relat

ed to

与……相关

endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宫膜

-ive characterizes by antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing

止咳药

-let tiny; small droplet: a tiny drop 小滴

-ment the result or product of

an action development: thing which develops or is being de veloped; action of becoming mature

-oid resembling; like

像mucoid: resembling mucus 粘液样的

-ole little; small centriole: the small dense structure in the middle

of the centrosome

细胞中心粒；中心体

-oma tumor; swelling refers to

a doer dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin 皮肤纤维瘤

-or/-er either a person or thing receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds t

o various stimuli感受器，受体

-ory characterized by; pertai

ning to suspensory: which is hanging down 悬吊式，悬带

-ose sugar fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some fr

uit 果糖

-osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden

nail 嵌甲

-ous pertaining to poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing p

oison 有毒的，分泌毒素的

-somes

bodies ribosome: the body of nucleic acid 核糖体 -um structure; thing; substan ce

结构，物质 magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance

镁（金属元素）

-y condition; act; process dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition

or metabolism 营养不良

The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes

Suffix M eaning

Example -algia pain; painful; condition

arthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛 --ase enzyme

protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶 -blast embryo 胚，胚胎，人类胚胎 hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞 -carci noma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤

adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing fro m glandular tissue 腺癌

-cele protrusion; distention 突出；膨胀，延伸

esophagocele: abnormal distention of the esopha

gus 食管突出 -cente sis

surgical puncture 手术穿孔

paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术 -capni a

carbon dioxide 二氧化碳

acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏 -cide kill germicide: (substance) which can kill germs

杀菌剂

-clast cell phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell, whic

h can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞

-dynia pain glossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛