新概念二.第30讲.学生版

新概念二Lesson30
课堂内容
Football or polo?
The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park
near my home. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine
afternoons. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat
on the river bank as usual. Some children were playing
games on the bank and there were some people rowing
on the river. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball
very hard and it went towards a passing boat. Some
people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but
he did not hear them. The ball struck him so hard that he
nearly fell into the water. I turned to look at the children,
but there weren't any in sight: they had all run away! The
man laughed when he realized what had happened. He
called out to the children and threw the ball back to the
bank.
Part 1 Basic words and expressions
1. polo n. 水球, 马球
水球（Water polo）是一种在水中进行的集体球类运动，是一项结合游泳，
手球，篮球，橄榄球的运动。

比赛的目的类似于足球，以射入对方球门次数
多的一方为胜。

水球运动员在比赛时以游泳的方式运动，除守门员外两手同
时握球是一种犯规行为。

它起源于19世纪中叶的英国。

最初是人们游泳时在水中传掷足球的一种娱
乐活动，故有“水上足球”之称，后逐渐形成两队之间的竞技水球运动。

2. Wayle n. 威尔（河名）
3. cut （cut, cut）v. 穿过，切(割、削、剪)
We cut across the woods and caught up with the others. 我们穿过树林，赶上了别的人。

I seldom have my hair cut, I always cut it myself. 我很少找人理发，我总是自己剪。

cut across/through 取捷径，抄近路
The road cuts across/through the forest. 这条路是穿过森林的捷径。

hair cut 理发
power cut 停电
4. row v.划（船）
He rowed the boat across the lake. 他划船渡过湖面。

5. kick v.踢
kick a goal 踢进一球
kick sb. downstairs 把某人踢下楼; 赶走; 把某人降职
6. towards prep.朝，向
The apple fe ll towards Newton’s head.
The bus ran towards him.
7. call out 大声呼叫, 叫喊
I heard someone calling out for help. 我听到有人在大声呼救。

8. sight n.眼界，视域，视力
She lost her sight in an accident. 她在一次事故中丧失了视力。

in sight / out of sight 在视线之内/外
Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦.
catch sight of… 看见
catch sight of the bird =see the bird 看见那只鸟
9. 短语复习
on fine afternoons, as usual, one of, call out, in sight, run away
Part 2 Structure and Vocabulary
1. There is a river near the writer’s home. It is called ______.
A. a Wayle
B. Wayle
C. this Wayle
D. the Wayle
2. It cuts across the park. It goes _______ it.
A. through
B. over
C. round
D. along
3. Why did they kick the ball so _____?
A. hardly
B. hard
C. hardy
D. hardily
4. The ball went towards a passing boat. It went _______ of a passing boat.
A. forwards
B. forward
C. in the direction
D. in direction
5. There weren’t any in sight. They ______.
A. couldn’t see
B. hadn’t see
C. couldn’t be seen
D. weren’t seen
6. The man was rowing, so he was using ________.
A. rows
B. sticks
C. oars
D. rudders
7. Some people on the bank _______ the man.
A. cried
B. cried with
C. cried for
D. cried to
8. The man in the boa t didn’t _______ anyone shouting.
A. hear
B. listen to
C. mind
D. take care of
9. The ball ______ him very hard.
A. knocked at
B. beat
C. bounced
D. hit
10. They had run away, so they had _______.
A. dismissed
B. disturbed
C. displaced
D. disappeared
Part 3 Grammar
一、A, The, Some ＆Any
1. some ＆any
some 一些，可与复数名词及不可数名词连用。

(1) 在肯定句中用some。

(2) some肯定疑问句中：说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到肯定回答时。

Would you like句式中，表委婉请求或建议。

Would you like some coffee?
any 一些
any 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。

当句中含有“任何”的意思时，any可用于肯定句。

如：Here are three novels. You may read any.这有三本小说，你可任读一本。

Exercise 1
1. ---Would you like ___ coffee?
---Yes, I’d like _______.
A. any, any
B. some, some
C. some, any
D. any, some
2. There isn’t ___ paper here. Will you go and get ____for me?
A. any, any
B. any, some
C. much, many
D. many, much
3. There isn’t ______ water in the cup.
A. any
B. many
C. some
D. the
2. a ＆the与人名及地名的表达
在人名和地名前不加冠词a或the。

如：
John lives in England. He has a house in London.
但是在海洋、河流、山脉和部分国名前，一定要用定冠词the。

如：
Who was the first person to sail across the Pacific?
It can get very rough in the Mediterranean.
Many great cities are built on rivers. Paris is on the Seine, London is on the Thames and Rome is on the Tiber.
I know a man who has been on climbing expeditions in many parts of the world. He has climbed in
the Alps, the Himalayas, and the Rocky Mountains.
注意：部分国名前要加定冠词the。

如：
I went to America last year. = I went to the United States of America last year.
Would you like to go to China? = Would you like to go to the People’s Republic of China?
Exercise 2
在必要的地方填上冠词a或the.
1. _______ refrigerators are necessary in ______ hot countries.
2. Which river is _____ longest, _____ Nile, _____ Amazon, or _____ Mssissippi?
3. Heyerdahl crossed _____ Pacific on _____ raft.
4. Why is _____ Britain sometimes called _____ United Kingdom?
5. We sailed up _____ Red Sea and then went through _____ Suez Canal.
二、重点句型
1. It was warm last Sunday. 上周日天气很暖和。

表达天气的常用句型，用it作主语，指代天气。

2. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.
so +形容词/副词+that通常引导结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”
English is so easy that I can learn it well.
The teacher speaks so fast that I can't catch the word.（不能理解）
My brother walks so slowly that he can't catch up with me. (赶不上)
He ran so quickly that no one could catch up with him. 他跑得非常快，没人能赶上他。

注意：在一定条件下“so …that…”句型可以和enough to和too…to…句型转换。

(1) so．．．that与too．．．to的转换
当that引导的从句为否定式时，若从句主语与主语的主语相同，so… that可转换为too…to结构；
若从句主语与主句的主语不相同，so…that可转换为too…for sb．to结构。

例如：
He is so young that he can't go to school．→ He is too young to go to school．
The box is so heavy that he can't lift it．→The box is too heavy for him to lift．
(2) so．．．that与enough to的转换
①当that引导的从句为肯定式时，若从句主语与主句主语相同时，so…that可转换为enough to
结构；若从句主语与主句主语不相同时，so…that可转换为enough for sb. to结构。

例如：
Tom is so old that he can go to school．→T om is old enough to go to school．
The box is so light that the child can lift it．→The box is light enough for the child to lift．
②当that引导的从句为否定式时，若从句主语与主句主语相同，so…that可转换为enough to的否
定结构；若从句主语与主句主语不相同，so…that可转换为enough for sb. to的否定结构。

注意：转换后的形容词（副词）要用其相应的反义词。

例如：
The man is so old that he can't go to work．→The man isn't young enough to go to work．
The desk is so heavy that I can't move it．→The desk isn't light enough for me to move．(3) enough to的句式为否定式时，enough to可以转换为too．．．to结构。

但转换后的too．．．to结构中
的形容词（副词）要用其相应的反义词。

例如：
He is not old enough to do the job．→He is too young to do the job．
Tom didn't walk slowly enough for us to keep up with him．→T om walked too fast for us to keep up with him．
Exercise 3
句型转换
1．The water was so dirty that we couldn't drink it．
The water was ____ dirty for us ____ drink．（2001上海市中考）
2．The child is so young that he can't put on his clothes．
The child isn't ____ ____ ____ put on his clothes．（'99四川宜宾中考）
3．The problem is too difficult for me to work out．
The problem isn't ____ ____ ____ for me to work out．（2001重庆市中考）
Part 4 写作练习
一、根据课文内容回答下列问题。

1. Did the writer sit by the river last Sunday or not?
2. Were some children playing games nearby or not?
3. Who kicked a ball hard? Where did it go? (and)
4. Did the man in the boat see the ball? Did he hear people shouting? (neither…nor)
5. Did the ball hit the man or not? What did the children do? (and)
6. Was the man angry or not? Where did he throw the ball? (However…and)
二、将以上答案组成一个段落，不要超过70个单词。

__________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________
课堂检测
1. “上周日天气很暖和。

于是我和往常一样又去河边坐着”用英语如何表述？
2. the, a, some, any的用法你都掌握了吗？
3. 今天所学的重点句型so … that 以及其相应的转换句型你能熟练运用吗？
Exercise 4
在必要的地方填上a, the, some和any.
_______ Wayle is_______ small river that cuts across _______ park near my home. I like sitting by _______ Wayle on fine afternoons. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on _______ river bank as
usual. _______ children were playing _______ games on _______ bank and there were _______ people rowing on _______ river. Suddenly, one of _______ children kicked _______ ball very hard and it went towards _______ passing boat. _______ people on _______ bank called out to _______ man in _______ boat, but he did not hear them. _______ ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into _______ water. I turned to look at _______ children, but there weren't _______ in sight.
课后作业
一、单项填空
1. _____ he comes, we won't be able to go.
A. Without
B. Unless
C. Except
D. Even
2. I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late for class.
A. since
B. so that
C. as if
D. unless
3. _____ I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.
A. Every time
B. Though
C. Even
D. Where
4. What's the matter _____ they still haven't answered the telegram?
A. when
B. that
C. though
D. however
5. Bring it nearer _____ I may see it better.
A. although
B. even though
C. so that
D. since
6. You may arrive in Beijing early _____ you mind taking the night train.
A. that
B. though
C. unless
D. if
7. Helen listened carefully _____ she might discover exactly what she needed.
A. in that
B. in order that
C. in case
D. even though
8. More people will eat out in restaurants _____ they do today.
A. than
B. when
C. while
D. as
9. _____ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in her homework.
A. Much
B. However
C. As
D. Although
10. Poor _____ it may be, there is no place like home, _____ you may go.
A. as; wherever
B. though; whenever
C. in spite of; when
D. that; wherever
11. The child was __ immediately after supper.
A. enough tired to go to bed
B. too tired to go to bed
C. so tired that he went to bed
D. very tired, he went to bed
12. The history of nursing __ the history of man.
A. as old as
B. is old than
C. that is as old as
D. is as old as
13. _____ born in Chicago, the author was famous for his stories about New York.
A. Since
B. Once
C. When
D. Although
14. _____ we stood at the top of the building, the people below were hardly visible.
A. As
B. Although
C. Unless
D. In spite of
15. Scarcely was George Washington in his teens _____ his father died.
A. than
B. as
C. while
D. when
16. _____ David goes, he is welcome.
A. Whichever
B. However
C. Wherever
D. Whatever
17. The house stood _____ there had been a rock.
A. which
B. at which
C. when
D. where
18. Small _____ it is, the pen is a most useful tool.
A. because
B. so
C. if
D. as
19. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _____ tractors in 1988 as the year
before.
A. as twice many
B. as many twice
C. twice as many
D. twice many as
20. The piano in the other shop will be _____, but _____.
A. cheaper; not as better
B. more cheap; not as better
C. cheaper; not as good
D. more cheap; not as good
二、完形填空
The sun, the moon __1___the stars are in the sky. We see the sun __2___ the daytime and the moon and the stars at night. We see well during the day because it is light. We do not see so ___3__ at night because it is __4__.
Daylight comes from the sun. The sun gives a strong light, but __5___ gives only a faint (暗淡)light. If we draw the curtain (窗帘), it keeps dark in the __6___ , when it is dark we must turn __7___ the light if we want to see. The sun __8___in the east and goes down in the __9___. Day begins in the morning and ends in the evening. __10___ begins in the evening and ends in the morning.
1. A. or B. so C. and D. but
2. A. in B. at C. from D. with
3. A. badly B. poorly C. good D. well
4. A. black B. weak C. too bright D. dark
5. A. the earth B. the moon C. the sun D. the star
6. A. room B. open C. sky D. field
7. A. off B. over C. on D. in
8. A. grows B. rises (升起) C. raises (举起) D. gets up
9. A. west B. east C. south D. north
10. A. Afternoon B. Night C. Evening D. Time
三、阅读理解
A
I used to dream about Pisa when I was a boy. I read about the famous building called the Leaning Tower of Pisa(意大利披萨斜塔). But when I read the word Pisa, I was thinking of Pizza. I thought this tower was a place to buy pizza. It must be the best pizza in the world, I thought.
Many years later I finally saw the Leaning Tower. I knew then that it was Pisa and not pizza. But there was still something special about it for me. The tower got its name because it really does learn to one side. Some people want to try to fix it. They are afraid it may fall over and they do not like the way it looks.
I do not think it’s good idea to try to fix i t. The tower probably will not fall down. It is 600 years old. Why should anything happen now? And, if you ask me, I like the way it leans over the city. To me it is a very human kind of learning. Nothing is perfect. It seems to say.
And who cares? Why do people want things to be perfect? Imperfect things may be more interesting. Let’s take the tower in Pisa. Why is it so famous? There are many other older, more beautiful towers in Italy. But Pisa tower is the most famous. People come from all over the world to see it.
1. This passage is about ___________.
A. the history of Italian pizza
B. Italy’s problems in the author’s eyes
C. how the Learning Tower of Pisa got its name
D. why the author likes Pisa so much
2. The writer used to think Pisa was __________.
A. in Spain
B. not very famous
C. not the same as pizza
D. the same as pizza
3. The writer _______.
A. doesn’t like the way the tower looks
B. likes the way the tower looks
C. thinks it’s the most beautiful tower in Italy
D. doesn’t like towers
4. The writer likes the Learning Tower of Pisa because _______.
A. it’s old
B. it’s perfect
C. it sells pizza
D. it’s imperfect
B
Each year, a half-million people die from smoking in China which in 1990 overtook the United States in the number of such deaths. And by the year 2025, 2 million Chinese will die each year from smoking and related(相关的) diseases, Professor Weng said when he talked about a report from the World Health Organization.
With westerners increasingly(日益) dropping the habit, the smoking population in China is on a constant increase. “In 1964 the smoking population in America was 54 percent, which dropped to 26
percent by the year 1950s,” Weng said smoking has become a popular game, especially among young people and women. Weng pointed out that women are more and more the targets(目标) of tobacco selling. “As China sees repaid change in women’s roles(角色), smoking among women is increasing, with most new smokers being educated women.”
Weng said that in countries such as the Untied States and Britain where female smoking was popular long ago, there were more lung cancers caused by smoking than breast cancers(乳腺癌), becoming the largest cancer-killer of women.
“At present only some 8 percent of Chinese women smoke, which has kept the total smoking population below 40 percent. If women in China insist on demanding the same rights as men, the figure will at least double the present one.” Weng said.
5. What does the underlined word “overtook” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Held
B. Caught up with
C. Added to
D. Overheard
6. Why do more Americans give up smoking?
A. Because they are too poor.
B. Because they have made laws.
C. Because they have realize its harm.
D. Both B and C.
7. According to the report from the World Health Organization, by 2025, the death caused by smoking in
China will be ______ times the present number.
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
8. Professor Weng thought that ________.
A. women should have the right of smoking
B. it would be more dangerous for women to smoke
C. women in China should learn from the American women
D. no men cared about women’s smoking
美文欣赏
cherish now no longer missed
珍惜现在不再错过
John, a famous musician, took his priceless antique zither and played it in the crowded subway station. The music emanating from the zither was delicately streaming throughout the whole station. However, during the one-hour play, only six or seven people were truly appreciating the charming music.
A three-year-old kid was so fascinated by the music that he forgot everything around. John only got 52 U.S. dollar for his work that day.
音乐家约翰带着一把价值不菲的古董名琴，悄悄来到人潮不断的地铁站演奏。

弦音曼妙，在空旷处流淌。

将近一小时的演奏中，真正驻足聆听者只有六七人。

最捧场的是一位三岁小童，听得入神。

约翰当天得到
52美元赏金。

However, in normal days, when John is about to hold a concert, one ticket can be sold at more than 100 dollars and it is extremely hard to buy a ticket even at such a high price. Therefore, later, many passers-by in the station that day felt deeply regretful for not recognizing the famous musician and missing such a valuable but cheap music feast.
平日，约翰的演奏会举行时，一张票超过100美元，且一票难求。

后来，不少当时就在地铁站的观众扼腕自己眼拙，错过了一场免费或者廉价的音乐盛宴。

I have a very busy friend who had totally changed after knowing that hiswife came down with acute illness. He cooked by himself for the family and took a walk with his wife every day. Nonetheless, his wife still did not manage to conquer the illness and passed away after three months. After that, he often sighed miserably that due to his past busy life, he had missed a lot of beautiful time with his wife. But now, it is impossible to make up for it.
有位忙碌的朋友得知老婆罹患重症，彻头彻尾变了一个人：亲自下厨，陪太太散步……可是妻子敌不过病魔摧残，三个月后就撒手人寰。

他很伤感地说，太忙了，错过与妻子营造最美好的人生时光，想弥补却弥补不回来。

A doctor’s son jumped from the 19th floor of a building and left a posthumous letter which expressed his strong desire for staying more with his father, going to see a movie with his father, etc. Not until his son committed suicide had the doctor realized that the most precious thing is not career achievement, but the tight and intact family bonds.
医生的儿子从19楼一跃而下，留下一封遗书，信中留言：最想爸爸陪他，最想看电影，最希望快快乐乐……儿子自杀之后，爸爸才明白，人生中最珍贵的不是成就，而是亲情。

It is no use crying over spilt milk. We have missed a lot of precious things in our life without knowing to cherish them.
可惜千金难买早知道，很多美好的事，往往简简单单就被轻易错过了。

Actually, I also missed something precious before. The reason why we would have missed those precious things is less than simple: we had thought that we could still own them tomorrow.
事实上，我也错过一些事。

错过的理由很简单：以为还有明天。

Nevertheless, tomorrow is actually by no means reliable. There was a famous Buddhist monk saying that in many people’s lives, they have only done two things: waiting and regretting. The result is that they were always too late to cherish what they had before they lost it. We would often claim to do something when we grow up, or when we have money or when we become old, etc.
However, when we reach the condition we have expected, we could no longer do realize our wish any
more, because we have lost it by then.
事实上，明天是不可靠的。

要不，日休禅师怎么会说，很多人的一生中，只做了“等待”与“后悔”两件事，合起来就叫“来不及”。

我们老爱说：长大再说，有钱再说，老了再说……可是到了那时候，却什么都不必说了。