医学词汇
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apnea, anorexia
hemat/o, hem/o: hematology, hemoglobin, hemorrhage
extracellular: something pertaining to the outside of cells. extrafusal: pertaining to the outside of a spindle. extraocular: pertaining to the outside of the eye or vision intra-: intraarterial, intracardiac ex-: exhale endo-: endocrinology en-: engulf
-tomy -ectomy
thymoma: a tumor originating in epithelial tissue of the thymus gland. thymocyte: a cell in the thymus gland thymectomy: surgical removal of the thymus gland. thyroid, thyro-
机器等运转失常；出现故障, 障碍, 机能障碍, 机能不良 fail to function or function imperfectly or irregularly dysfunction: disturbance or abnormalities in the function of organ or part of human body 机能障碍，机能失调
poliomyelitis: inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord. poliomyelopathy: any diseased condition of the gray matter of the spinal cord. polioclastic: pertaining to something that is destructive to gray matter of the nervous system. cortic/o-:
fibrocyte: a mature, fiber-forming cell.
genetic: pertaining to reproduction.
genetic engineering, genetic material genetical
genesis: act of reproducing. generation: an act of forming a new organism.
ocular: pertaining to the eye or vision oculomycosis: any disease of the eye or its parts caused by fungus. oculist: a physician who is a specialist in diseases of the eye. -opia: hyperopia, myopia ophthalm-: ophthalmology, ophthalmia, ophthalmoscope
peripheral: pertaining to the surrounding. pericardium: the layer enclosing the heart.
myocardium
peridental: surrounding a tooth or part of it.
periodontitis, periodontics/periodontia
thymectomy: surgical removal of the thymus gland.
thyro-/thyroid-:
gastrectomy: surgical excision of the stomach. arterectomy: surgical removal of a part of an artery
myopathy: any disease of striated molecules.
myopathia
myonecrosis: death of muscle tissue. myocardium: the muscle layer of the heart.
myocardial, myocardiac
appendectomy, thyroidectomy -tomy: cardiotomy
ischemia: local and temporary deficiency of blood supply. leukemia: a disease characterized by unrestrained growth of leukocyte and their precursors in the tissues anemia: condition in which there is a reduction in the number of circulating red blood cells.
thymoma: tumor of the thymoma. myoma: a tumor containing muscle tissue. fibroma: a fibrous tumor.
pelvimeter: device for measuring the pelvis. pelviscopy: inspection of the pelvis. pelvifixation: surgical fixation of loose pelvic organs.
myel-: myelitis, myeloma mycet(o)-/myc(o)-: mycobacterium, mycethemia
neuroscience: any one of the various branches of science concerned with growth, development and function of the nervous system. neuropathy: any disease of the nerve. neuritis: inflammation of a nerve.
fibremia: fibrin (纤维蛋白) formed in the blood. fibrinosis: -osis abnormal condition, hence excess of fibrin in the blood.
纤维素过多症, 纤维蛋白过多症 sclerosis, tuberculosis
morphology: the science of structure and form without regard to function morphometry: the measurement of forms of organisms amorphous: without definite form
hypertension: high blood pressure. hypertrophy: increase in size of an organ or structure that does not involve tumor formation.
hypotrophy; dystrophy; atrophy
hyperopia: farsightedness
hyperopic, hyperope myopia, myopic hypertropia, hypotropia
hypoglycemia: deficiency of sugar in the blood.
hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia
corticospinal: pertaining to cerebral cortex and spinal cord. corticopleuritis: inflammation of the outer parts of the pleura. cortical: pertaining to a cortex. cortisol
sarcoplasm: the growth matter of muscle sarcoma: cancer arising from connective tissue such as muscle or bone.
sarcomas/sarcomata
sarcoid: -oid resembling, hence resembling flesh.
Chapter 3 Muscular System
arterial: pertaining to an artery arteritis: inflammation of an artery arteriology: study of arteries
vein, capillary
biceps: the muscle of two heads in front of the upper arm. biceps femoris 肱二头肌，股二头肌 bimanual: requiring using of two hands. bilateral: pertaining to two sides. unilateral, ipsilateral, contralateral
hypothermia: having a body temperature below normal.
thermos, thermometer
hypotension: low blood pressure
malnutrition: lack of necessary or proper food substance in the body. malformation: abnormal shape or structure malfunction: defective function.
amorphus
multinucleate: having more than two nuclei. multicellular: having more than two cells. multimolecular: having more than two molecules. poly-: polymorphnuclear, polyatomic
corticosteroid 皮质类固醇
tendonous: pertaining to a tendon. tenonitis / tendonitis: inflammation of a tendon. tenotome / tendotome: instrument for incision of tendon (腱刀, 腱切断 刀)
dermatitis: inflammation of the skin dermatomyositis: the inflammation of skin and muscle. dermatology: the science of the skin and its diseases.
dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism. dysuria: painful or difficult urination. dyspepsia: imperfect or painful digestion.
Correction
pulm-, pulmon-; pneum-, pneumat-, pneumon-; spir-: lung, breath pulmometer, pulmonitis, pneumologym, pneumatoቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱis, pneumonia, spirometer
lymphangi-: the lymph vessel lymphangiitis, lymphangiectomy, lymphangiology
hemat/o, hem/o: hematology, hemoglobin, hemorrhage
extracellular: something pertaining to the outside of cells. extrafusal: pertaining to the outside of a spindle. extraocular: pertaining to the outside of the eye or vision intra-: intraarterial, intracardiac ex-: exhale endo-: endocrinology en-: engulf
-tomy -ectomy
thymoma: a tumor originating in epithelial tissue of the thymus gland. thymocyte: a cell in the thymus gland thymectomy: surgical removal of the thymus gland. thyroid, thyro-
机器等运转失常；出现故障, 障碍, 机能障碍, 机能不良 fail to function or function imperfectly or irregularly dysfunction: disturbance or abnormalities in the function of organ or part of human body 机能障碍，机能失调
poliomyelitis: inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord. poliomyelopathy: any diseased condition of the gray matter of the spinal cord. polioclastic: pertaining to something that is destructive to gray matter of the nervous system. cortic/o-:
fibrocyte: a mature, fiber-forming cell.
genetic: pertaining to reproduction.
genetic engineering, genetic material genetical
genesis: act of reproducing. generation: an act of forming a new organism.
ocular: pertaining to the eye or vision oculomycosis: any disease of the eye or its parts caused by fungus. oculist: a physician who is a specialist in diseases of the eye. -opia: hyperopia, myopia ophthalm-: ophthalmology, ophthalmia, ophthalmoscope
peripheral: pertaining to the surrounding. pericardium: the layer enclosing the heart.
myocardium
peridental: surrounding a tooth or part of it.
periodontitis, periodontics/periodontia
thymectomy: surgical removal of the thymus gland.
thyro-/thyroid-:
gastrectomy: surgical excision of the stomach. arterectomy: surgical removal of a part of an artery
myopathy: any disease of striated molecules.
myopathia
myonecrosis: death of muscle tissue. myocardium: the muscle layer of the heart.
myocardial, myocardiac
appendectomy, thyroidectomy -tomy: cardiotomy
ischemia: local and temporary deficiency of blood supply. leukemia: a disease characterized by unrestrained growth of leukocyte and their precursors in the tissues anemia: condition in which there is a reduction in the number of circulating red blood cells.
thymoma: tumor of the thymoma. myoma: a tumor containing muscle tissue. fibroma: a fibrous tumor.
pelvimeter: device for measuring the pelvis. pelviscopy: inspection of the pelvis. pelvifixation: surgical fixation of loose pelvic organs.
myel-: myelitis, myeloma mycet(o)-/myc(o)-: mycobacterium, mycethemia
neuroscience: any one of the various branches of science concerned with growth, development and function of the nervous system. neuropathy: any disease of the nerve. neuritis: inflammation of a nerve.
fibremia: fibrin (纤维蛋白) formed in the blood. fibrinosis: -osis abnormal condition, hence excess of fibrin in the blood.
纤维素过多症, 纤维蛋白过多症 sclerosis, tuberculosis
morphology: the science of structure and form without regard to function morphometry: the measurement of forms of organisms amorphous: without definite form
hypertension: high blood pressure. hypertrophy: increase in size of an organ or structure that does not involve tumor formation.
hypotrophy; dystrophy; atrophy
hyperopia: farsightedness
hyperopic, hyperope myopia, myopic hypertropia, hypotropia
hypoglycemia: deficiency of sugar in the blood.
hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia
corticospinal: pertaining to cerebral cortex and spinal cord. corticopleuritis: inflammation of the outer parts of the pleura. cortical: pertaining to a cortex. cortisol
sarcoplasm: the growth matter of muscle sarcoma: cancer arising from connective tissue such as muscle or bone.
sarcomas/sarcomata
sarcoid: -oid resembling, hence resembling flesh.
Chapter 3 Muscular System
arterial: pertaining to an artery arteritis: inflammation of an artery arteriology: study of arteries
vein, capillary
biceps: the muscle of two heads in front of the upper arm. biceps femoris 肱二头肌，股二头肌 bimanual: requiring using of two hands. bilateral: pertaining to two sides. unilateral, ipsilateral, contralateral
hypothermia: having a body temperature below normal.
thermos, thermometer
hypotension: low blood pressure
malnutrition: lack of necessary or proper food substance in the body. malformation: abnormal shape or structure malfunction: defective function.
amorphus
multinucleate: having more than two nuclei. multicellular: having more than two cells. multimolecular: having more than two molecules. poly-: polymorphnuclear, polyatomic
corticosteroid 皮质类固醇
tendonous: pertaining to a tendon. tenonitis / tendonitis: inflammation of a tendon. tenotome / tendotome: instrument for incision of tendon (腱刀, 腱切断 刀)
dermatitis: inflammation of the skin dermatomyositis: the inflammation of skin and muscle. dermatology: the science of the skin and its diseases.
dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism. dysuria: painful or difficult urination. dyspepsia: imperfect or painful digestion.
Correction
pulm-, pulmon-; pneum-, pneumat-, pneumon-; spir-: lung, breath pulmometer, pulmonitis, pneumologym, pneumatoቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱis, pneumonia, spirometer
lymphangi-: the lymph vessel lymphangiitis, lymphangiectomy, lymphangiology