英语并列句与特殊句式

学习专题：并列句、特殊句式

Key points:

1、并列句：

掌握四种并列关系：（1）表递进：and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…

(2) 表选择：or, otherwise, or else, either…or…

（3）表转折：but, yet, however，while，whereas

（4）表因果：so，for

2、特殊句式：

（1）倒装句：完全倒装、部分倒装

（2）强调句：

强调句基本句型：It is / was +被强调部分+ that/who + 句子剩余部分

谓语的强调

（3）反义疑问句：常见句型的反义疑问句

（4）祈使句：否定式和强调式

（5）感叹句：what 、how 做感叹词

1、并列句：

1）涵义：两个或两个以上简单句的组成，通过并列连词组成，每个简单句被称作分句。2）分类：

（1）表递进，表示两个同等概念: and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…

★He had plenty of money, __________ he spent it freely.

★He ____________ gave us a lot of advice, __________ helped us to study English.

★I have _______time _____money for skiing ．

Bonus:

★I was just leaving when the telephone rang.

____________________________________

注： when 作这种用法时，主要用于 was/were doing sth. when sth./sb. did;

was/were about to do sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were on the point of doing sth. when sth./sb. did 等句型中，表示“当某人或某物正在或正要做某事，就在这时突然又发生了另一事”。

Eg. We were about to set off_______ it suddenly began to rain.

（2）表选择：or, otherwise, or else, either…or…

★Will he still be there _____ will he have gone away?

★You must go early, __________you will miss the bus.

★_______Tom is coming _______ his sisters are.

★You will stay away from my girlfriend, __________.

（3）表转折：but, yet, however，while，whereas

★I like tea while she likes coffee.

★She said she would be late, yet she arrived on time.

★She looks very young, but she is already in her 30’s.

★Some people like fatty meat, whereas others hate it.

Bonus:

While 意为“而、却”，表示对比

He likes pop music， while I am fond of folk music.

(4) 表因果：for, so

★I am thirsty, for it is hot.

★The manager was ill so I went in her place.

2、特殊句式：

1）倒装句：

英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装，只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。

（1）完全倒装：

应用条件：表示方位或方式的副词或介词短语，eg. Here, there, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall 等置于句首时，且主语是名词。

形式：谓语动词完全置于主语之前

★Out rushed the children.

★In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.

练习：

1) Two large pictures hang on the wall.

___________________________________

2) a small factory lies south of the river.

___________________________________

3) -- Here ____! Where is Xiao Liu?

--There ____.

A. comes the bus，is he

B. comes the bus, he is

C. the bus comes，is he

D. the bus comes，he is

Bonus：

1、谓语动词是不及物动词，如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。

2、当主语是代词时，不能构成倒装。

3、such 置于句首：

Such is the man, simple but charming enough.

______________________________________

2)部分倒装：

形式：谓语一部分（助动词或情态动词）置于主语之前。

应用条件：

○1hardly , , little, scarcely['skεəsli], seldom ,never, no more, no longer, not, not only, no sooner, not only … (but also),not until…，at no time, under/in no