非谓语doing

非谓语Doing
1.引入：
回顾什么叫非谓语，即非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（一副主谓）,又没有连词（并列连词和从属连词）的情况下,还有别的动词出现时，这个动词就要使用非谓语动词形式。

Iloveyou.
Iloveyou but youdontloveme.
Ilovetheboy who doesn'tloveme.
Cherryenjoys sing.???
2.非谓语动词形式todo表未作的事情，表目的
Doing表正在进行或客观规律(经常发生)
Done被动
Eg.Cherryenjoys singing(暗含经常发生)
Eg.IsawXXsittingthere.(表正在进行)
1.分解doing：Doing表正在进行或客观规律(经常发生)
2.Doing的时态和语态
动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，通常要用完成式，否则都用一般式。

如：Weareinterestedinplayingchess.
Hewaspraisedforhavingfinishedtheworkaheadoftime.
I’msorryfornothavingkeptmypromise.
及物动词不及物动词
主动被动主动
一般时doing beingdone doing
完成时havingdone havingbeendone havingdone
1.分词的时态
1、与主语动词同时。

如：
Arrivingthere,theyfoundtheboydead.刚一到那儿，他们就发现那男孩死了。

Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,______alongspeechforthepresident.
AtoprepareBpreparingCpreparedDwaspreparing
答案：B
2、先于主语动词
分词作时间状语，如果先于主动词的动作，且强调先后，要用havingdone。

如：
Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentoutforawalk.
Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hewentoutforawalk.
做完作业，他出去散步。

______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.
ANotreceivingBReceivingnot
CNothavingreceivedDHavingnotreceived
答案：C
2.分词的语态
1、通常情况下，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。

如：
Heisthemangivingyou/whogaveyouthebook他就是给你书的那个人
Sheisthegirlstoppedby/whowasstoppedbythecar.她就是那个被车拦住的女孩。

2、不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生。

像：
gone,fallen,retired,grown-up,escaped,faded,returned等词。

如：
aretiredperson一个退休的人afallenball一个落下来的球
aburnt-outmatch烧完了的火柴
3.doing的运用
1、作主语
谓语用单数。

It代替动名词作主语，常用于如下结构：
It’snogood/usedoing···如：Seeingisbelieving.
Playingwithfireisdangerous.It’snogoodwaitinghere.
练一练：
1.__________alanguagerequirestimeandeffort.
A.Learn
B.Learning
C.Tolearn
D.Beinglearned
2.Itisnogood__________.Youshouldgive_________.
A.tosmoke,itup
B.smoking,itup
C.smoking,upit
D.tosmoke,upit
3.Doyouconsideritanygood__________again?
A.totry
B.try
C.trying
D.foryoutotry
4.Idon’tthinkit’smuchgood__________tohim.
A.writing
B.towrite
C.tobewritten
D.beingwritten
5.__________theassignmentmadehisfatherlosehistemper.
A.Theboy’snothavingdone
B.Theboynothavingdone
C.Theboy’shavingnotdone
D.Theboyhavingnotdone
6.Idon’tremember__________aboutit.
A.himtellingus
B.histellingus
C.himtotellus
D.hetellsus
7.Thereportwasso__________thattheywereall__________.
A.inspiring,exciting
B.inspiring,excited
C.inspired,excited
D.inspired,exciting
8.Heseems__________hereforthreeyears.
A.tobeliving
B.tohavelived
C.tohavebeenlived
D.tolive
9.---“What’smadeyousoupset?”
---“_________threeticketstothepopmusicconcert.”
A.Lost
B.Losing
C.Becauseoflosing
D.SinceIlost
Keys：BBCAABBBB
2、作宾语（做动词宾语和介词宾语）
Ienjoylisteningtomusic/Heoftenpracticesplayingthepianointheevening. Heisfondofplayingbasketball/Hehasgivenupsmoking.
只能接doing作宾语的动词口诀：
禁不住喜欢介意（嫉妒）。

不喜欢否认，就承认。

建议练习逃避冒险。

考虑原谅彼此，坚持就能成功（完成）。

对此感激不尽。

can’thelp禁不住/can’tstand无法忍受enjoy喜欢mind介意/envy嫉妒，
dislike不喜欢deny否认，admit承认吧，advise建议suggest建议、practise训练avoid避免escape 逃避risk冒险Appreciateconsider考虑excuse原谅、宽恕，forgive原谅Keep坚持成功succeed giveup放弃，putoff推迟，devoteto(to为介词)致力于···，
lookforwardto期望、盼望，stickto坚持，beusedto习惯于，objectto反对，
bebusy忙于···，feelike想要···besurprisedat对……感到惊讶beproudof以……为骄傲succeedin在某方面成功beafraidof害怕
(1)只能接不定式作宾语的动词：
happen碰巧，offer主动提出，promise答应，agree同意，refuse拒绝，decide决定，determine决定、决心，pretend假装，fail未能够，learn，wish希望，hope，expect，afford负担得起。

(2)接doing和不定式均可意义不同的动词：forget，goon，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等
Stoptodo停下来去做stopdoing停止做
Forgettodo忘记要做forgetdoing忘记做过
Remembertodo记得要做rememberdoing记得做过
Regrettodo遗憾要做regretdoing后悔做过
Trytodo企图做，尽力做trydoing试着做
Goontodo继续做（另一件事）goondoing继续做（同一件事）
Meantodo打算做meandoing意味做
(3)Need,require,want作“需要”讲，其后用动名词的主动式表示被动意义，beworth也有类似用法。

如：
Theflowersneedwatering/tobewatered.Theproblemisworthdiscussing.
练一练：
1)Markoftenattemptstoescape____wheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.
A)havingbeenfinedB)tohavebeenfinedC)tobefinedD)beingfined
2)Mywifesaidinherletterthatshewouldappreciate____fromyousometime.
A)tohaveheardB)tohearC)forhearingD)hearing
3)Thethieftookawaythewoman'swalletwithout____.
A)beingseenB)seeingC)himseeingD)seeinghim
4)Peopleappreciate____withimbecausehehasagoodsenseofhumor.(CET-41998,1)
A)toworkB)tohaveworkedC)workingD)haveworking
5)I'veenjoyed____totalkwithyou.
A)tobeableB)beingableC)tobeenableD)ofbeingable
6)Noonecanavoid____byadvertisements.
A)tobeinfluencedB)beinginfluencedC)influencingD)havinginfluence
7)Theyareconsidering____beforethepricesgoup.
A)ofbuyingthehouseB)withbuyingthehouse
C)buyingthehouseD)tobuythehouse
8)Hethoughtthat____.
A)theeffortdoingthejobwasnotworthB)theeffortwasnotworthindoingthejob
C)itwasnotworththeeffortdoingthejobD)itwasnotworththeeffortbydoingthejob
9)IfIhadremembered____thedoor,thethingswouldnothavebeenstolen.
A)tolockB)lockingC)tohavelockedD)havinglocked
10)Yourshirtneeds____.You'dbetterhaveitdonetoday.
A)ironB)toironC)ironingD)beingironed
Key:DDACB,BCCAC
3、作表语
此时的doing可以和主语调换位置。

如：
Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.
Herjobiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechild.
4、作定语
（1）单个分词作定语，分词前置。

如：
Thesleepingboyismyson./
Theexcitedpeoplerushedintothebuilding.
Alostopportunityneverreturns./Heisaretiredworker.
（2）分词短语作定语，分词后置；分词修饰不定代词something等要后置；个别分词如give，left等作定语也后置。

如：
Thegirlstandingunderthetreeismyniece.
Thereisnothinginteresting.
5.做宾语补足语：
分词和不定式一样，在一些感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语。

如：
Ismellsomethingburning./Iheardhimsingingthesong.
Iheardmynamecalled./Ican’tmakemyselfunderstoodinEnglish.
Ifoundmycarmissing.
I’llhavemywatchrepaired.我想把我的手表修一下。

练一练：Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee______thenextyear.
AcarryoutBcarryingoutCcarriedoutDtocarryout
6.作状语
doing和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。

Notreceivinganyletterfromhim,Igavehimacall.
AsIdidn’treceiveanyletterfromhim,Igavehimacall.
Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
Ifmoreattentionwasgiven,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.(条件)
Walkingalongthestreet,Iranacrossmyoldfriend.
Helayonthegrass,lookingintothesky.(伴随)
注意：
（1）选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。

如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出，分词就用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。

试比较：
（Being）Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。

Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。

（2）分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致，如果不一致，就用独立主格结构，即在分词前加上它的逻辑主语。

现在分词的完成式主要用于作状语，一般不用作定语。

高考链接：
1.Thecheerfulandoptimisticrabbitthrewhimselfintolookingforthecarrot,______(dig)hereandthere,totallyc onvincedthathewouldfindit.Butthedog,aftersniffing（2012一模）
2.Thedinosaurwasforcedtoadaptandevolvedintoasmalleranimal____(need)lessspaceandfood.(2010一模)
3.Hehadalreadypassedsixtyofthestages_____(lead)tohiscertaingoal,thetomb.(2011高考)
4.scientistMartinSander’sworkshowsthattheywereprobablyfully____(grow)andbelongtothes mallestgiantdinosaurspecieseverfound.（2010高考）
Exercise：
单项选择：
1.Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketball,______thatallchildrenlikethesethings. AthinkingBthinkCtothinkDthought
2.Ican’tstand______withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses______talkingwhilesheworks.
Aworking;stoppingBtowork;stopping
Cworking;tostopDtowork;tostop
3.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways______herpermissionforthings,thinkagain. AgetsBgotCtogetDgetting
4.Don’tsitthere______eandhelpmewiththistable.
AdoBtodoCdoingDanddoing
5.Thestudentsenteredtheclassroom,smilingand______,and______downtohavetheirlessons.
Atalked;satBtalking;sittingCtalking;satDtalked;sitting
6.WiththemagazineAnExpressWaytoEnglish______us,wehaveimprovedourlanguageskillsalot. AhelpingBhelpedChashelpedDtohelp
7.Acommunicativesatellite______asmuchas3.5tonswassentupintospacelastweek. AweighingBweighedCtobeweighedDbeingweighed
8.______manytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.
9. A.HavingbeingtoldB.ThoughhadbeentoldC.HewastoldD.Havingtold
10.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman______inbed,dead.
ying
12.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithtalks,_______thathehadenjoyedhissta yhere.
13.A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.Added
14._______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.
15.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived
16.Whenpassingmehepretended______me.
17.A.toseeB.nothavingseenC.tohavenotseenD.nottohaveseen
18.Hestillremembers______toShanghaiwhenhewasveryyoung.
19.A.takingB.beingtakenC.takenD.havingtaken
20.______therailwaystation,wehadabreak,only______thetrainhadleft.
21.A.Arrivingat;ingto;discoveringthat
22.C.Onarrivingat;findingoutD.Hurryingto;tohavefoundout
15.Withtheboy______theway,wehadnotrouble______theway______toZhongshanPark.
A.leading;finding;leading
B.tolead;found;tolead
C.led;finding;led
D.leading;found;led
16.______thesepictures,Icould n’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeingand______fromt hetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmorebeautiful.
17.A.Seeing;seenB.Seen;seeingC.Seeing;seeingD.Seen;seen
18.IcanhardlyimaginePeter______acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.
19.A.tohavesailedB.tosailC.sailingD.sail
20.Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair____againstyourface.A.movedB.mo vingC.movesD.tomove
21.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp______intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyne ed.
22.A.persuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded
20.Pleaseexcusemy______inwithout______.
e;permitted
ing;permitted
img;beingpermitted
D.tocome;beingpermitted
Keys：ACDCCAACACABBAAACBCC
二，根据所给动词的正确形式填空
1._____(hold)hisheadhigh,themanagerwalkedintotheroomtoattendthemeeting_____(hold)th en.
2—Didyouhearher_____(sing)thispopsongthistimetheotherday?
—Yes,andIheardthissong______(sing)inEnglish.
3.Thequestion______nowatthemeetingisnotthequestion____yesterday.(discuss)
4Itisnouse______yourpastmistakes.(regret)
Iwouldappreciate______backthisaffernoon.(youcall)yourcalling
5.Climbingmountainswas______,soweallfelt_____(tired)
6.Isawsomevillagers______onthebenchattheendoftheroom.(seat)
7.Thereisariver______aroundourschool.(run)
8.Howaboutthetwoofus______awalkdownthegarden?(take)
9.______histelephonenumber,shehadsomedifficultygettingintouchwithBill.(notknow)
10.Thedaywelookedforwardto______.(come)
11.Sometimesnewideashavetobetestedmanytimesbefore_____.(fullyaccept)
12.Thegovernmentforbids______suchbadbooks.(publish)
13.A.publishedB.topublishC.publishD.publishing
14.Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.Well,nowIregret_______that.(do)
15.Hewalkeddownthehills,_____softlytohimself.(sing)
16.Hewalkeddownthehills,and_softly(sing)
17.Stoprunningandyouwillfeelyourheart______fasterthanever.(beat)
18.Hewasbusywritingastory,only__onceinawhiletosmokeacigarette.(stop)
19.______theletter,hewentouttopostit.(write)
20.______fullpreparations,wedecidedtoputoffthemeetingtillnextweek.(make)
21.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent_____(launch)atthee ndoflastMarch
Keys:1.Holdingbeingheld2.Singingsung3.beingdiscussed;discussed4.regretting
5.tiring;tired
6.seating
7.running
8.taking
9.Notknowing10.hascome
11.beingfullyaccepted12publishing13.havingdone14.singing15.wassinging16.beating17stopping18 Havingwritten19.Nothavingmade20.havingbeenlaunched
三，翻译句子:
1.购买保险是人们保护自己免受重大损失的一种办法。

（protect）
2.在高考中遇到难题时，冷静和自信是成功的关键。

（meetwith）
3.他给我写了一封信，信上说他不可能在规定的时间内起程。

（saying）
4.短暂的犹豫使他失去了赢得奥运金牌的机会。

（cost）
5.正在建造的图书馆将于明年初向公众开放。

（open）
6.从他的表情来看，他一定已经知道结果。

（judgefrom）
7.发现学生下午昏昏欲睡的样子，老师竭尽所能来激发他们的兴趣。

（arouse）
8.为了拯救那些禽流感患者，医生们日夜工作，废寝忘食。

（birdflu）
9.说实话，我真后悔没有帮助他克服困难。

（regret）
10.这些广告旨在吸引消费者购买商品。

（appeal）
11.孩子需要照顾，由你来决定谁留下来。

（upto）
Keys:
1.Buyinginsuranceisway(inwhich/that)peoplecanprotectthemselvesagainstgreatlosses./B
uyinginsuranceisawayforpeopletoprotectthemselvesagainstgreatlosses.
2.Whenyoumeetwithdifficultproblemsinthecollegeentranceexaminations,beingcalmandconf
identisthekeytosuccess.
3.Hewrotemealettersayingthattherewasnopossibilityofhissettingoutinthegiventime.
4.Amomentofhesitationcosthimthechanceofwinning/towintheOlympicgoldmedal.
5.Thelibrarybeingbuiltwillopentothepublicatthebeginningofthenextyear.
6.Judgingfromhisexpression,hemusthaveknowntheresult.
7.Findingstudentssleepyintheafternoon,theteacherdideverythinghecouldtoarousetheirin
terest.
8.Inordertosavethosewhosufferedfrombirdflu,thedoctorswordeddayandnight,forgetting/n
eglectingtheirmealsandsleep.
9.Totellyouthetruth,Ireallyregretnothelpinghimovercomethedifficulties.
10.Theaimoftheseadvertisementsistoappealtocustomerstobuygoods./Theseadvertisementsai
matappealingtocustomerstobuygoods.
11.Thebabyneedstobelookedafter/lookingafter.Itisuptoyoutodecidewhoistostaybehind. 四，语法填空.A
Itwasaverycoldevening,anoldmanwaswaitingforarideacrosstheriver.Hesawseveralhorsemenpassbybut hedidn’taskforanyhelp.Thewaitseemed__1__(end)．Thencameanotherrider，theoldman__2__(catch)hiseyeandsaid,“Sir,wouldyoumind doingmeafavor？”
Stoppinghishorse，hereplied,“Ofcourse.”Almost__3__(freeze),theoldmancouldnotget__4__theground.Thehorsemanhelpedhi montohishorse.Hetooktheoldmannotjustacrosstheriver，__5__tohishome.
“Sir,youdidn’tevenasktheotherridersforhelp,why?What__6__Ihads aid‘no’andleftyouthere？”thehors emanasked.
Theoldmanlookedathimstraightintheeyesandsaid,“Ilookedintotheireyes,Ifoundtheydidn’tcare，__7__toldmeitwouldbeuseless,butwhenIlookedinto__8__，Isawkindness.”
Thesewordstouchedtheriderdeeply.“Thankyoufor__9__you’vesaid,IhopeIwillneverbetoobusytohelpo thers.”withthat,ThomasJefferson,the__10__(three)presidentoftheUS,turnedhishorsearoundandwentaway.
B
Atonepointalonganopenhighway，Icametoacrossroadswithatrafficlight.Iwasaloneontheroadbynow,but__1__Idroveuptothelight，itturnedred，andIbrakedtoahalt.Ilookedleft,right，andbehindme.Nothing，__2__acar，nosuggestionofheadlights,butthereIsat，__3__(wait)thelighttochange，theonlyhumanbeingforatleastamileinanydirection.
Istartedwondering__4__Irefusedtorunthelight.Iwasnotafraidof__5__(catch)bythepolice,becausethere wasobviouslynocopanywherearoundand__6__certainlywouldhavebeennodangeringoing__7__it.
Muchlaterthatnight，the__8__questionofwhyI’dstoppedforthatlightcamebacktome.IthinkIstoppedbecauseit’spartofacontract(合同)weallhavewitheachother.It’snotonlythelaw,butit’sanagreementwehave，andwetrusteachothertohonor__9__：Wedon’tgothroughredlights.Likemostofus,I’mmorereadytobestoppedfromdoingsomethingbadbythesociala greementthatdisapprovesofit__10__byanylawagainstit.
Keys:
1endless2．caught3．frozen4．off5．but6．if7．which8．yours9．what10．third
1as/when2．not3．waiting4．Why5beingcaught6there7through8same9it10．than。