第七单元报盘与还盘案例
外贸商务英文函电例文询盘,报盘和还盘
外贸商务英文函电例文询盘,报盘和还盘Revised by BETTY on December 25,2020Enquiry,Offer and Counter-offer(询盘，报盘和还盘)General Enquiry（一般询盘）Dear Sirs,We learn from your adertisement in China Trade Directory that you are producing Chinese toys for are quite interested in your products.Would you please send us as soon as possible yourt illustrated catalogue and the lastest pricelist,together with any samples you can let us have.We are given to understand that you are able to supply large quantities at attractive your infromation,there is a steady demand here for Chinese toys of high are not particularly high,but good prices can be obtained for fashionable designs.We are looking forward to receiving your immediate reply.Your trulyReply to the aboveDear Sirs,Thanks for your enquiry dated October 10, and your interst in our products as well.We are enclosing some copies of out illustrated catalogue and a price list giving the details you ask under separate cover,we are sending you samples of various fashions which show you clearly the quality and trust that when you see them you will agree that our products appeal to the most selective buyer.We are willing to allow a 5% discount for all orders over 1,000 can rely on us to give your order at immediat attention.Yours sincerelySpecific Enquiry（具体询盘）Dear Sirs,Thank you for your letter dated August 25th. We are pleased to know that you are producing different kinds of shoes.We are intrested in your various casual shoes recommended in your letter,particulaly embroidered slippers and cotton you kindly send us a copy of your illustrated catalogue and some samples with further information? We shall be abliged if you could alsoquote your lowest prices CIF Liverpool,statingearliest date of shipment.Casual shoes of high quality are believe there is a promising market in our area for moderately priced goods of the type your price is competitve, we will consider placing an order for 5,000 pairs with are looking forward to your urgent reply.Yours faithfully,Reply to the aboveDear Sirs,Thank you for your specific enquiry of September 1. The enclosed illustrated catalogue and samples will give you details of the two sorts of shoes in which you are especially illustrations will also give you information about other casual shoes we are to our terms and conditions,please see page 8 of thecover,we are sending you our offer on CIF Liverpool, for shipment in we require an irrevocable L/C bydraft at sight.Embroidered slippers and cotton shoes are our products of latest of their excellent quality and low prices, you can be sure that our products will help you expand your market.We are looking forward to your trial order.Yours sincerely,Firm Offer（具有约束力的发盘）Dear Sirs,This is to conform your telex of May 2006, asking us to make you a firm offer for rice and soybeans CFR Cairo.We telexed you this morning offering 30 metric tons of polished rice at US$2,400 per metric ton, CFR Cairo, for shipment during July-August 2006. This offer is valid, subject to the receipt of your reply before 10 June 2006. Please note that we have quoted our most favorable price and are unable to entertain any counter-offer. It islikely that the market price will would be your advantage to place orders without delay.We are anticipating your early reply.Yours faithfully,Counter-offer（还盘）Dear Sirs,Thank you for your letter of May 20 quoting for the rice and soybeans.We appreciate the good quality of your products,but unfortunately your prices appear to be on the high side even for goods of this accept the prices you quote would leave us with only a small profit on our sales since thisis an area in which the principal demand is for articlesin the medium price range.We like the way in which you have handled our enquiry and would welcome the opportunity to do business with you. Information indicates that the Japanese goods are being sold at a price approximately 10% lower that what you wonder if you could reduce your prices to that level.We shall appreciate your favorable reply.Yours sincerely,Reply to the aboveDear Sirs,While we thank you for your letter of 22 May 2006,we are disappointed to hear that our price for rice and soybeans is too high for you work on,because Japanese goods are being offered at a price approximately 10% lower than ours. We do not deny what you say,but we would like to invite your attention to the superior quality of our products. We have to point out that our quotation is quite realistic and have been accepted by buyers of other sources.Although we are keen to do business with you, we regret that we cannot accept your counter-offer or even meet you half best we can do is to reduce our previous quotation by 2%.We trust that this will meet your approval and look forward to your early reply.Yours faithfully.。
外贸函电报盘与还盘讲述
案例分析解答[1]
![案例分析解答[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/0e7afdf8aef8941ea76e0578.png)
案例分析解答1.The law of the United States of America applies to this contractbecause :(a)this was a CIF contract;(b)the place of conclusion of the contract was in the USA;(c)the place of the execution of the contract was also in the USA. Theseller completed these responsibilities after he deliver the goods at the port of the USA.2.This contract was not concluded effectively. Item 1 of Article 19 of theCISG indicates, “ A reply to an offer which purports to be an acceptance but contains addition, limitations or other modifications isa rejection to the offer and constitutes a counter-offer.In this case, though Mr. Johnson accepted Mr. Anderson’s offer, his acceptance contained some additions to and modifications of the offer;for example, Mr. Anderson asked fro “telegraphic transfer”, Mr.Johnson sent the money to the bank to be kept there. According to Item 3 of Article 19 of the CISG, alteration to the mode of payment is material one, thus Mr. Johnson might keep silent and reject the acceptance.3.According to Item 2 of Article 21 of CISG: “If a letter or other writingcontaining a late acceptance shows that it has been sent in such circumstances that if its transmission had been normal it would have reached the offeror in due time, the late acceptance is effective as anacceptance unless, without delay, the offeror orally informs the offeree that he considers his offer as having lapsed or dispatches a notice to that effect. In this case, in order to avoid unnecessary loss, the Chinese company should telephone or dispatch immediately a notice informing that the acceptance is ineffective as it is late.4.中国与法国均系《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》缔约国，洽谈过程中，双方对《公约》均未排除或作出任何保留。
报盘与还盘
In the international business, offers fall into two categories
A firm offer （实盘）— To sell the goods at the stated prices, usually with a stated period of time.报 盘商品的各个内容具有约束性，比如规定接受条件 的时间（必须）、品名、计价单位、价格（单价和 总值）、数量、装运期、支付方式和包装等 eg.该报盘有效期为10天。 The offer is open/valid for a week. √ A non-firm offer （虚盘）— 报盘商品各项内容不 具约束性，卖方可以随时修改或撤销内容。（不常 用）
报盘、还盘
Offer ，Counter-offer
What is an offer 报盘
Definition of an offer :
the seller replies to the buyer for the information he asks for of the products, e.g. the price, quality, minimum quantity, packing, shipment, payment, insurance,etc. 报盘，是指卖方对于客户感兴趣的产品的各个 条件进行一一回复，比如价格、质量、起订量、 包装、装运、支付方式等等。n for the offer≠quotation
要点 Notes
10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 内容如下 as follows 以…为条件 provided that 手头上的，现有 on hand 使某人做某事 enable sb. to do sth. 情况正常，按时到达 in due course=in good time 依照，符合 comply with 做出选择 make one’s selection 由卖方（买方）决定 at seller’s（buyer）option 被某人接受 be acceptable to sb. 殷切的 with keen interest
第七章 还盘
an electric fan电扇；
an electric iron电熨斗；
an electric generator发电机；an electric blanket电热毯；
an electric current电流； an electric eye电子摄像头;
an electric plug电插头； an electric razor电动剃须刀；
3. obtain v. 得到；获得 相关表达如下： obtain knowledge 获得知识；obtain credit 取得贷款；obtain information 获得信息 ，取得资料；obtain benefits 获利；obtain employment 就业，找到工作
They have no identity papers, so they cannot obtain legal work. 他们没有身份证，所以不能得到合法的工作。
In view of our long business relations, we make you such a counter offer. If you can see your way clear to meeting these figures we would be pleased to place with you an order that will carry us for the rest of this year. We hope you will consider our counter offer most favorably and let us know your acceptance at your earliest
inform you that your price is too high to come to business as we find that we can
国际贸易发盘还盘案例
国际贸易发盘还盘案例
嘿，朋友们！今天来给你们讲讲国际贸易发盘还盘的精彩案例，保准让你们眼界大开！
就说有一次，A 公司和 B 公司在谈一笔大买卖。
A 公司先发出了一个超棒的发盘，就好像抛出了一个极具吸引力的鱼饵。
“嘿，B 公司，我们这批货物质量那是没得说，价格也绝对公道，怎么样，来试试？”
B 公司收到后，开始琢磨了，这就像面对一道美味但需要考虑一下的菜肴。
然后他们给出了还盘：“哎呀，价格能不能再低一点呀，不然我们可有点难办呢。
”
A 公司这边一听，着急了呀，“哎呀，这已经很优惠了，哪能再低呢！”
B 公司不依不饶，“那不然送点赠品啥的也好呀。
”
这一来二去的，不就跟我们平时买东西讨价还价一样嘛！双方不断博弈，就像两个高手过招，精彩极了！难道不是吗？
后来呀，经过好多轮的来回，终于达成了一个双方都能接受的协议。
这过程可不简单啊，每一句话，每一个决定，都可能影响到最终的结果。
这就好比下棋，一招不慎，满盘皆输啊！
你看，国际贸易发盘还盘不就是这样充满了变数和挑战吗？就像在迷雾中寻找正确的道路，刺激不刺激！每一个细节都可能决定成败，这真的太考验人的智慧和决断力了。
在我看来，国际贸易发盘还盘就像是一场没有硝烟的战争，双方都在为了自己的利益而战斗，但又要找到一个平衡点，让彼此都能满意。
这真的不是一般人能玩好的游戏啊！。
报盘与还盘PPT课件
-
4
Useful Expressions
indicating a firm offer (with validity):
subject to your reply reaching us by (before)…
subject to your reply (acceptance) reaching here within …days
reaching us within one week. We wish to
point out that this is the best price we can
quote, and, that we are unable to entertain
any counter-offers. -
Ungraded at RMB￥4800 net per metric ton
C&F Copenhagen or any other European Main
Ports for shipment during October/November.
This offer is firm, subject to your reply
兹证实我已给你发了电报报给你方核桃仁20公吨每公吨欧洲主要口岸价计人民币22500元10月船如果你方能给我们一个递价我们相信成交的可能性是有的
Unit Three Offers and Points
案例作业
案例作业一案例一某年，阿根廷某公司应中国某公司的请求，报出镁矿石初级产品200公吨，每公吨2150美元，即期装运的实盘。
但中方接到阿方报盘，未作还盘，而是一再请求阿方增加数量，降低价格，并延长有效期。
阿方公司将数量增到350公吨，每公吨价格变为CIF上海价2100美元，有效期经三次延长，最后延长至9月25日。
中方公司于9月20日来电表示接受该盘。
阿方接到该电传时，得知国际市场镁矿石价格上扬，因此决定拒绝成交，于是向中方发电称：“由于国际市场镁矿石价格发生变化，货物已于接到你方电传时售出。
”而中方对此不予认同，认为中方是在发盘有效期内接受了阿方发盘，坚持要求按发盘的条件执行合同，阿方如不执行合同，则要赔偿中方的损失，即差价25万美元。
那么，中阿公司双方之间是否存在合同关系，为什么?发盘，又称报价，即民法上所称的“要约”，是指一方当事人向一个以上特定的当事人提出的订立合同的建议。
一项有效的要约必须具备以下条件：（l）向一个或一个以上特定的人发出。
（2）内容中必须十分明确、肯定。
一经对方接受，合同即告成立。
明确即需要写明货物名称并明示或默示地规定数量和价格或规定如何确定数量和价格。
如果要约中伴随着要约人的保留条件，就不算是有效的要约，而只能是要约邀请，即使对方表示了承诺，合同仍然不能成立。
③要约要送达受约人。
接受，又称“承诺”，是指受盘人（受要约人）愿意根据报价人所列的条件订立合同的意思表示。
一项有效的承诺必须满足以下条件：（l）承诺要由受要约人作出才发生效力。
（2）与要约的条件保持一致。
（3）承诺应在要约的有效期间内作出。
（4）承诺必须通知要约人才发生效力。
因此，如果一方当事人向对方提出一项要约之后，对方对该项要约无条件予以承诺，双方当事人之间就达成协议，从而成立了一项对双方当事人都具有法律效力的合同。
在本案中，卖方在发盘后，经3次延长有效期后，合同中的实质性条款完整、肯定、明确，而且规定了有效期为9月25日，由此看出卖方发出的是有确定意义的发盘，因此，此发盘为实盘，而非虚盘。
还盘-外贸实务口语句型及对话第7课
Unit 7 Counteroffer 还盘Basic Expressions1. Our counteroffer is as follows.我们还盘如下。
2. Our counteroffer is well founded.我们的还价是很合理的。
3. Your counteroffer is not up to the present market level.你的还价是不符合⽬前市场价格。
4. Please make us your best possible counteroffer.请给我们你们的还盘。
5. The price you offer is not in line with the prevailing market.你⽅报价与现⾏市场价不合。
6. It's impossible for us to entertain your counteroffer.我们不能接受你⽅的还价。
7. I'm sorry. The difference between our price and your counteroffer is too wide.很遗憾，我们的价格与你⽅还盘之间的差距太⼤。
8. This is our rock - bottom price, we can't make any further reduction.这是我⽅的，我们不能再让了。
9. How about meeting each other halfway?能不能互相做出让步？10. If you accept our counteroffer, we'll advise our users to buy from you.如您能接受我们的还盘，我们就劝⽤户向你⽅购买。
11. As a rule, the larger the order, the lower the price.买得越多，价格越便宜，这是个惯例。
报盘和还盘
报盘和还盘Offers and Counter-Offers 报盘和回盘报盘A satisfactory offer will include : 一个好的报盘包括: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.An expression of appreciation for the inquiry 表示对买家询盘的感谢Detailed information of the goods 产品的相关详细信息 Details of payment 付款方式的细节 Terms of shipment 货运方式The validity period for an offer 报盘的有效时间 Showing hope for cooperation 表示合作的期望Start:开头部分：1. As requested, we are offering you the following subject to our final confirmation:按照要求，我们提供下面产品的最终报盘。
2. As recently the goods are in extremely short supply, we regret being unable to offer.因为最近产品很紧俏，我们很遗憾地不能提供报盘。
3. It’s our pleasure for us to offer you the goods as follows:给你们所需的产品报盘是我们的荣幸。
4. Referring to your E-mail dated July 10 in which you inquired for shirts, we have pleasure in giving you an offer as follows: 对于你7月10日有关衬衣的邮件，我们很高兴地给你报盘如下：5. We will keep in mind your requirement for shirts and shall contact you once it is available. 我们会记住你们对衬衫的要求，一有合适就立即跟你联系。
七年级数学上册 第七章 可能性 7.2 转盘游戏教案 新人教版
7.2 转盘游戏教学目标：1．在试验中进一步体会不确定事件的特点；2．通过试验总结不确定事件发生的等可能性；教学重点：不确定事件的特点和不确定事件发生的等可能性；教学难点：列举简单事件所有发生的可能结果。
教学方法：讲练结合教学过程：一、复习引入：指针指在什么颜色区域的可能性大?条件：任写6个－10至10之间的数．二、课堂活动：1．游戏规则：(1)任意抽一组数，算出这组数的平均数;(2)自由转动转盘，当转盘停止转动后，指针落在某个区域;(3)根据转动和刚才的计算得到结果。
2．议一议：(1)这个转盘转到哪部分的可能性大；(2)在做上述游戏的过程中，你如何调整卡片上的数据的?(3)将各小组活动进行汇总，“平均数增大1”的次数占次数的百分比的多少?“平均数减少1”的呢?(4)如果将这个实验继续做下去，卡片上所有数的平均数会增大还是减少?3．试一试：请设计一个转盘，使得它停止转动时，指针落在绿色区域的可能性比落在白色区域的大.小明设计的转盘有三种颜色，你觉得可能吗?4．练一练：下面是两个可以自由转动的转盘，分别转动这两个转盘，你认为转动哪种颜色的可能性最大?说明理由．5．小结：生活中有哪些现象是一定发生的、很可能发生的、可能发生的、不太可能发生的、不可能发生的？7、板书设计中国书法艺术说课教案今天我要说课的题目是中国书法艺术，下面我将从教材分析、教学方法、教学过程、课堂评价四个方面对这堂课进行设计。
一、教材分析：本节课讲的是中国书法艺术主要是为了提高学生对书法基础知识的掌握，让学生开始对书法的入门学习有一定了解。
书法作为中国特有的一门线条艺术，在书写中与笔、墨、纸、砚相得益彰，是中国人民勤劳智慧的结晶，是举世公认的艺术奇葩。
早在5000年以前的甲骨文就初露端倪，书法从文字产生到形成文字的书写体系，几经变革创造了多种体式的书写艺术。
1、教学目标：使学生了解书法的发展史概况和特点及书法的总体情况，通过分析代表作品，获得如何欣赏书法作品的知识，并能作简单的书法练习。
商务英语报盘和还盘范文(优选4篇)
商务英语报盘和还盘范文第1篇外贸英语：报盘和还盘 Offer(2)My offer was based on reasonable profit, not on wild speculations.我的报价以合理利润为依据，不是漫天要价。
We have received offers recently, most of which are below 100 . dollars. 我们最近的报价大多数都在100美圆以下。
Moreover, We\'ve kept the price close to the costs of production.再说，这已经把价格压到生产费用的边缘了。
I think the price we offered you last week is the best one.相信我上周的报价是最好的`。
No other buyers have bid higher than this price.没有别的买主的出价高于此价。
The price you offered is above previous prices.你方报价高于上次。
It was a higher price than we offered to other suppliers.此价格比我们给其他供货人的出价要高。
We can\'t accept your offer unless the price is reduced by 5%.除非你们减价5%，否则我们无法接受报盘。
I\'m afraid I don\'t find your price competitive at all.我看你们的报价毫无任何竞争性。
Let me make you a special offer.好吧，我给你一个特别优惠价。
We\'ll give you the preference of our offer.我们将优先向你们报盘。
外贸函电之询盘、报盘与还盘.ppt
4. 4. Close the letter by expressing expectations for a favorable reply.
7. a firm offer 实盘，是外贸业务用语，一般都规定有效期，即有时间的限 制。以下短语和句子都是表示实盘的用语：
*This offer is subject to your reply here by 5 p.m. our time Friday, October 15. 此盘以你方答复于10月15日星期五，我方时间下午5点到达 为有效。 *This offer is subject to your reply here within seven days. 此盘以7天内 回复为有效。
*We regret that our customers have places their orders elsewhere. 很遗憾我方的客户在其他地方已经订货了。 4. offer n. 报盘，报价 make (or: give, send) sb. an offer for(or: on) sth. 报给某人某种商品
*We are making you an offer for (or: on) 300 gross “Chunghua” Brand Pencils at Stg.3.1 per gross CIF London.
现报三百罗“中华”牌铅笔，每罗成本加运费、保险费到伦敦价三点一英镑 。
*We are pleased to have received your offer for men’s shirts. 我方很高兴收到你方男式衬衫的报盘。 offer v. 报盘，报价，给予，提供 offer sb. sth. 报给某人某种商品 *We will advise you once we are in a position to offer. 一俟我们能报盘，当即告知你方。 *For quantity of 5,000 dozen, we can offer a discount of 5%. 数量达到5000打，我方给5%e quality of your goods is good and the price is acceptable to us, we will place a large order with you . 如你方产品质量好，价格可接受，我们将与你方大量订货。
国际贸易实务 发盘还盘案例
发盘案例：进口商：Messrs. Johnson & Co., Ltd32 Green StreetVancouverCanada出口商：Shandong Import & Export CorporationJinan 250012ShandongChinaManager of Export Department: Li YiMessrs. Johnson & Co., Ltd 于2006年5月20日的来函询问30,000米人造革的报价。
Shandong Import & Export Corporation业务人员对Messrs. Johnson & Co., Ltd的询价给予回复：每米2.1美元，大宗定货给予10%折扣包装及运费400美元CFR总价57,100美元卖方确保在收到信用证后5周交货。
Additional information:(A)Brand Name: Philippine Super MangoOrigin: PhilippinesUnit Price:USD$12.25/box FOB (changesweekly depending on the market)Price Terms: FOB Port: ManilaPayment Terms: L/CDelivery Lead Time:3-5 fr. confirmed order viaair freight daysMinimum Order: 1 - 20 foot containerSupply Ability: readily available whole year roundInner Packing: Average weight of 230-350 grams, 5 kilos in a boxWe are sure that you will find our price competitive and are awaiting your prompt reply.Yours Faithfully,(B)ROYAL CROWN IMPORT & EXPORT CO.LTDNo.38 Middle Shenyang Road, Qingdao City, Shandong Province. China 266071 Telephone: 0086-532-5022466,5023679 Fax: 0086-532-5022418June 18,2004Cookie Créations SASEAE de la Tuilerie4, Rue Henri Becquerel77500 CHELLESFranceDear Sirs,With reference to your letter of June 11, we take the pleasure of making you the following offer, subject to our final confirmation.Product Name: Green BeanPlace of Origin: ChinaQuality/Safety Certifications: CCIC or CIQSpecifications: 1) Moisture: 15% (max.)2) Foreign matter: 1.0% (max.)3) Buyers' requirements acceptedMinimum Order: 1 x 20'GPSupply Ability: 5,000MT/yearPrice: USD 150 per MTPrice Term: FOB QingdaoPayment Terms: L/C at sight, D/P based on 30% payment in advanceDelivery Lead Time: 15 days after receipt of L/C or paymentOuter Packing: 25, 50kg/PP bag or gunny bag according to buyers'requirementsWe are prepared to keep our offer open until the end of this month. We hope the above will be acceptable and are looking forward to your order soon.Yours Faithfully,(C)JKL PRODUCT CENTER870 Third Street, Denver, CO 80209April 15, 2006Dear customers,Good news for you!This is to advise you that, for a limited period of time,we are reducing prices on certain items in our catalog.Take a moment to review the enclosed catalog. I have circled in red ink the items that are temporarily reduced.What an opportunity!Please take advantage of these prices. If you wish to order, give me a call and we will try to work out mutually acceptable terms and conditions.In any event, get your order in, as these prices are only in effect until May 2.Thank you in advance for your order.Yours faithfully,Eilteen Holt-TuckerMarketing Representative。
第七单元报盘与还盘案例
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人有了知识，就会具备各种分析能力， 明辨是非的能力。 所以我们要勤恳读书，广泛阅读， 古人说“书中自有黄金屋。 ”通过阅读科技书籍，我们能丰富知识， 培养逻辑思维能力； 通过阅读文学作品，我们能提高文学鉴赏水平， 培养文学情趣； 通过阅读报刊，我们能增长见识，扩大自己的知识面。 有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操， 给我们巨大的精神力量， 鼓舞我们前进。
Commodity names Materials, Features, Specification Prices 1. Currency 货币 Terms of payment 2. Unit price 单价 Packing 3. Unit 计价单位 Shipment 4. Trade term 贸易术语 Any other related terms
鼓励对方接受报盘并介绍其他产品
4
The train of thought:
1. Acknowledge receipt of the enquiry. (if any)
例：从网上获悉您欲购我们生产的汽车， 特冒昧来信并很乐意为您报价如下：
We take the liberty of addressing you as we understand from the Internet that you are interested in our automobiles, and we are pleased to make you an offer as follows:
感谢对方报盘
2. Reject the stated terms and explain reasons
拒绝对方提出的交易条件并解释原因
3. State the new terms
三年级第七单元案例分析
三年级第七单元案例分析案例分析：三年级第七单元在三年级的学习中，有一个很重要的环节就是案例分析。
案例分析是一种实践性强的学习方式，通过具体的案例来帮助学生理解和应用所学知识。
本文将对三年级第七单元的案例进行详细的分析和解读，以帮助学生更好地掌握相关知识。
案例一：小明的数学问题小明在做数学作业时遇到了一个困难的问题：计算两位数相加时，为什么个位数相加后要进位？请你分析一下小明的问题，并给出解决办法。
通过分析小明的问题，我们发现他对于进位的概念还不够清晰。
这是因为在两位数相加时，当个位数相加大于等于10时，就需要进位，也就是将个位数的进位部分加到十位数上。
解决办法是多进行一些数学游戏或练习，加强对进位概念的理解。
还可以通过实际例子，如：小明有10个苹果，他又买了9个苹果，这样他一共有19个苹果，这样的例子来帮助小明理解。
案例二：小红的语文问题小红在阅读理解时经常遇到一个问题：如何根据文章内容准确地回答问题？请你分析一下小红的问题，并给出解决办法。
经过分析，我们发现小红在阅读理解时没有仔细阅读文章，导致问题的答案无法准确。
解决办法是培养小红的阅读习惯，让她在阅读时注重细节，通过标注、摘录关键信息等方式帮助她更好地理解文章。
同时，可以多做一些阅读理解的练习，提高她的阅读能力和理解能力。
案例三：小华的科学问题小华在实验探究中遇到了一个问题：为什么在做溶液实验时要搅拌均匀？请你分析一下小华的问题，并给出解决办法。
经过分析，我们发现小华对于溶液的形成原理还不够清楚。
溶液是由溶质与溶剂混合而成的，只有充分搅拌均匀，才能使溶质充分溶解在溶剂中，形成一个均匀的混合物。
解决办法是通过进行一些实验，在实验过程中观察和记录溶液的变化，帮助小华理解搅拌均匀的原理。
通过以上三个案例的分析，我们可以看到，在解决问题的过程中，我们需要对问题进行仔细的分析，并找出问题的根源。
只有找到问题的所在，我们才能针对性地进行解决。
同时，在解决问题的过程中，培养学生的实践能力、思维能力和创新能力也是非常重要的。
报盘与还盘——精选推荐
报盘与还盘Correspondence of Offer具备发盘的四要素•向一个或一个以上的特写人提出•表明订立合同的意思•发盘内容必须十分确定•送达受盘人报盘函例文—报盘Dear Sir,Thank you for your letter of 10th March. We are gratified to receive your request for men and women’s raincoats on approval.As we have not previously done business together, perhaps you will kindly agree to supply either the usual trade reference, or the name of a bank to which we may refer. As soon as these enquiries are satisfactorily settled, we shall be happy to send you the items you mention in your letter.We sincerely hope this will be the beginning of a long and pleasant business association. We shall do our best to make it so.报盘函例文—感谢客户订货Gentlemen:Thank you for your order No. 464 of 20 September. The models you selected from our showroom went out today under my personal supervision. The package is being airfreight to you on Swissair. The relevant documentation is enclosed.I enjoyed meeting you and hope that this order represents the beginning of a long and prosperous relationship between our companies. The next time you visit us, please let meknow in advance so that I can arrange a lunch for you with our directors.报盘函例文—卖方发实盘Dear Sirs,We offer you firm, for acceptance by noon on Monday, 10 July, as follows: 106 M/Tons Galvanized Corrugated Iron-Sheets 6 feet long, “Moon Brand,” @ $ 18,500 per M/T, net weight.Delivery here at once. Usual packing free.Terms of payment: 4% discount.Counteroffer and Acceptance构成有效接受的四要素•接受必须是由受盘人做出•受盘人表示接受的方式要正式•接受的内容要与发盘的内容相符•接受的通知要在发盘的有效期内送达发盘人才能生效还盘函例文—要求降低价格Dear Sirs,Thank you for your letter about the offer for the TV sets.Although we appreciate the quality of your products, the price is too high to be acceptable. Referring to the Sales Confirmation No. 06ST-230, you will find that we ordered 1000 sets with the same model as per the terms and conditions stipulated in that Sales Confirmation, but the price was 10% lower than your present price. Since we placed the last order, price for raw materials has been decreased a lot. Retailing price for your TV sets here has also been reducedby 5%. Accepting your present price will mean great loss to us, let alone profit.We would like to place repeat orders with you if you could reduce your price at least by 5%. Otherwise, we have to shift to the other suppliers for our similar request.We hope you take our suggestion into serious consideration and give us your reply as soon as possible.还盘函例文—拒绝进口商的还盘Dear Sirs,Thank you for your letter of June the 8th. We regret that we cannot meet your terms. We must point out that the falling market here leaves us little or no margin of profit. Considering the orders in the future, at present the best discount offered for a quantity of 200 is 3%.We hope you will reconsider the offer.还盘函例文—同意进口商的还盘Dear Sirs,Thank you for your letter of July the 10th. We have accepted your offer on the terms suggested.Enclosed our special price list that we believe will meet your ideas of prices. Y ou should not that the recent advances in raw materials have affected the cost of this product unfavorably. However, for your order we have kept our prices down.。
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Commodity names Materials, Features, Specification Prices 1. Currency 货币 Terms of payment 2. Unit price 单价 Packing 3. Unit 计价单位 Shipment 4. Trade term 贸易术语 Any other related terms
鼓励对方接受报盘并介绍其他产品
4
The train of thought:
1. Acknowledge receipt of the enquiry. (if any)
例：从网上获悉您欲购我们生产的汽车， 特冒昧来信并很乐意为您报价如下：
We take the liberty of addressing you as we understand from the Internet that you are interested in our automobiles, and we are pleased to make you an offer as follows:
With or Without Engagement !
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此报盘以你方3月20日前复到有效。 This offer is subject to your reply reaching us before March 20.
Be subject to …:
以…为准，以…为有效
上述报价并不是我方的不变价格，要以我方最后确认为准。 The above quotation is made without engagement and is subject to our final confirmation.
5
The train of thought:
2. State the trade terms.
The informat息，如果我遗漏了什么，敬请拨打电话 7654321。
Thank you for allowing me to supply you with this information. If I have left anything out, just call me at 7654321.
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The train of thought: 4. Encourage acceptance (recommend other products)
例1：希望您能认同我们的高品质服装具有竞争力，并且我们期待收到您的 首份订单。
1
Dear Sirs Thank you for your enquiry of October 10 and enclose our quotation for curtain materials. We have made a good selection of patterns and sent them to you today by post. Their fine quality, attractive designs and the reasonable prices at which we offer them will convince you that these materials are really of good value. There is a heavy demand for our supplies from house furnishers in various districts and regions, which we are finding it difficult to meet, but provided that we receive your order within the next ten days, we will give priority to it for prompt delivery. In addition, we are enclosing our latest catalogue for your reference. If you are interested in some of our other products, please let us know. Your earliest reply will be appreciated. 2 Yours faithfully
Writing Practice
Write a letter for a curtain material manufacturer, who has received an enquiry of Oct.10 from a house furnisher. Make favorable comments on the goods offered and enclose a quotation. Encourage placing order within the next 10 days and recommend other products.
Unit 7 Offers & Counter-offers
报盘与还盘
3
报盘信写法小结
1. Express gratitude for enquiry
感谢对方询盘
2. State trade terms
具体列明交易条款
3. Inform validity
告知有效期
4. Encourage acceptance and recommend other products
例：我们很高兴向你们报5000码印花布，每码0.5美元， CIF纽约。
We are glad to offer you 5000 yards of printed cloth at US$0.5 per yard CIF New York.
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The train of thought:
3. Inform validity of the offer.