形容词和副词比较级的用法

形容词和副词比较级的用法
比较级用于两者间的比较，常见的句型如下
1.表示A方超过B方，用基本句式
（1）A+谓语（系动词）+形容词比较级+than+B
The weather here is hotter than that in your hometown.这里的天气比你家乡的天气热。

There are more books in our library than in theirs.我们图书馆的书比他们图书馆的书多。

（2）A+谓语（行为动词）+副词比较级+than+B
Light travels faster than sound.光比声音传播快。

He speaks English better than I。

他英语说得比我好。

2.表示A方不及B方，用基本句式
（1）A+谓语的否定式+形容词（或副词）比较级+than+B
This room isn’t bigger than mine .这间房没有我那间大。

He doesn’t run faster than his brother.他没有他兄弟跑得快。

（2）A+谓语+less+形容词（或副词）的原形+than+B
I am less tall than he . 我没有他高。

He does his homework less carefully than his brother.他做家庭作业不如他兄弟细心。

（3）A+谓语的否定式+so（as）+形容词（或副词）的原级+as+B
Mrs Brown is not so/as old as she looks.布朗太太不像她看上去那么老。

It doesn’t rain so/as often in Xi’an as in Wuhan.西安下雨没有武汉多。

注：试比较下面连个句子
He is not cleverer than his brother.他没有他兄弟聪明
He is no cleverer than his brother.他并不比他兄弟聪明。

（含有他兄弟也不聪明之意）3.表示A方和B方是同等程度，用句型：A+谓语+as+形容词（或副词）的原级+as+B
This ruler is as long as yours . 这把尺子和你的一样长。

Mary dances as well as Kate.玛丽和凯特的舞跳得一样好。

此句型还可以在形容词后面加复数名词或不可数名词，如果名词是单数，不定冠词应加在名词之前，形容词之后。

Mum gives me as much advice as Dad.爸妈给我的建议一样多。

He has bought as many books (much rice) as I have.他买的书（米）和我的一样多。

This is as good a book as that one.这本书和那本一样好。

住：“as+形容词原级+as+具体数字”表示“（高、多）达……”
The temperature here is as high as 39℃.这里的气温高达39℃.
He has learned as many as 4,000 English words.他已学会多达4,000个英语单词。

4.表示倍数的比较级
倍数要放在比较级之前，两倍用twice，三倍和三倍以上用“基数词+times”表示。

“这房间比那间房大三倍”可以说成：
three times bigger than that one.
This room is four times as big as that one .
four time the size of that one.
5.表示B方随A方的增长程度而平行增长（越……越……），用句型：the+比较级……，the+比较级……
The more, the better 越多越好
The faster you run ，the more tired you will be.你跑的越快，就越疲惫。

6.表示“越来越……”用句型：比较级+and +比较级
Our city is becoming more tired you will be.我们的城市变得越来越美丽。

Things are getting better and better every day.情况一天天好起来。

注意：
（1）比较级前可以用一些表示程度和数量的状语。

A：表示程度的词有：much (many, far, a lot ,a great deal, a good deal),a little (a bit ,slightly) even ,still, bu far（放在比较级、最高级前）等
She has made far greater progress this term than she did last term.
她这个学期的进步比上个学期大得多。

He is a bit taller than I。

他比我高一点。

B：表示数量的词，如：two years older, a head taller ,three metres longer, an hour earlier,50%等也能修饰比较级。

She is a head taller than I.她比我高出一个头。

He arrived five minutes earlier than the teacher.他比老师早到5分钟。

（2）两者间的比较如果有of短语或其后有名词短语时，比较级前需加the，表示“较……的一个。

”
Which is the larger country .Canada or America?加拿大和美国，哪一个更大？
She is the younger of the two girls.两个女孩当中，她比较年轻。

（3）不要将比较级一方的A方包括在被比较对象B方之中。

如：
他比班上所有同学都要高。

anyone else in his class.
any other student in his class.
Hi is taller than any of the other students in his class.
all the other students in his class.
(=he is the tallest student in his class.)
切不可说:
He is taller than all the students in his class.
但：He is taller than all girl in his class.他比上班任何女生都高。

Wuhan is larger than all the cities in Guangxi.武汉比广西所有的城市都大。

（4）同类事物才能比较，不同类不相比。

如：
（正确）The price of meat is higher than that of rice.肉的价格比米的价格高。

（错误）The price of meat is higher than rice .肉的价格比米高。

（正确）The libraries in their school are bigger than the ones/ those in our school. 他们学校的图书馆比我们学校的图书馆大。

（正确）The climate in Kunming is much milder than that in Wuhan.
昆明的气候比武汉的气候温和得多。

（错误）The climate in Kunming is much milder than Wuhan.
昆明的气候比武汉温和得多。