商务英语阅读自考

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商务英语自考试题及答案

商务英语自考试题及答案****一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is NOT a common business greeting?A. Good morningB. How do you doC. Nice to meet youD. What's up答案：D2. In a business meeting, which of the following is NOT appropriate behavior?A. Arriving on timeB. Taking notesC. Interrupting othersD. Asking questions答案：C3. What is the most important factor in business negotiations?A. PreparationB. PersuasionC. BargainingD. Closing the deal答案：A4. Which of the following is NOT a typical business document?A. Business proposalB. Sales reportC. NovelD. Financial statement答案：C5. What is the best way to start a business presentation?A. By telling a jokeB. By stating the objectiveC. By sharing personal storiesD. By asking questions答案：B6. In business correspondence, which of the following is NOT a polite way to end a letter?A. Yours sincerelyB. Best regardsC. See you soonD. Yours faithfully答案：C7. What is the main purpose of a business plan?A. To secure fundingB. To outline goalsC. To describe productsD. To list expenses答案：A8. Which of the following is NOT a key element of a successful marketing strategy?A. Market researchB. Product differentiationC. Pricing strategyD. Employee training答案：D9. What is the most effective way to handle a customer complaint?A. Ignoring itB. Apologizing and offering a solutionC. Defending the companyD. Blaming the customer答案：B10. What is the primary goal of a business ethics policy?A. To increase profitsB. To improve customer satisfactionC. To ensure legal complianceD. To foster a positive work environment答案：C二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. When making a business phone call, it's important to introduce yourself and state the _______ of your call clearly.答案：purpose12. In business writing, the KISS principle stands for "Keep It Simple and _______."答案：Straightforward13. A _______ is a formal request for a meeting, usually sent in advance.答案：agenda14. The _______ clause in a contract outlines the terms under which the contract can be terminated.答案：termination15. A _______ is a type of insurance that covers a business's financial losses due to the inability to operate after a disaster.答案：business interruption16. The _______ is the part of a business plan that describes the company's mission and vision.答案：executive summary17. In a business context, _______ refers to the process of identifying and understanding the needs of customers.答案：market research18. A _______ is a financial statement that shows a company's revenues, expenses, and profit or loss over a specific period.答案：income statement19. _______ is the practice of offering a product or service at a low price to attract customers, with the intention of making a profit on subsequent sales.答案：loss leader20. The _______ is the part of a business plan that outlines the company's marketing and sales strategies.答案：marketing plan三、阅读理解题（每题5分，共30分）阅读以下商务场景对话，回答问题。

全国自考电子商务英语试卷2

全国自考电子商务英语试卷2全国自考（电子商务英语）- 试卷2（总分：160.00 ，做题时间：90 分钟）一、词汇和语法（总题数：20，分数：40.00）1.It was there, the police believe, _____ she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.（分数：2.00 ）A. untilB. whichC. that VD. when解析：2.It is not yet known _____ computers will one day have vision as good as human vision. （分数：2.00 ）A. whether VB. ifC. thatD. how解析：3.If you are now ____ ,you ought to pay more attention to your health.（分数：2.00 ）A. in the fiftiesB. in your fifties VC. in fiftiesD. in your fifty解析：4. The company will design, supply and ___ your new kitchen.（分数：2.00 ）A. build onB. install VC. put onD. instruct解析：5. How can I have any self-confidence when you're always so ___ of me?（分数：2.00 ）A. critical VB. unpleasantC. seriousD. doubtful解析：6.If we ____ t he furniture against the walls, we'll have more space to dance.分数：2.00 )A. replaceB. deliverC. transportD. shift V解析：7. He's ___ on his paper which has to be finished by the end of the semester.（分数：2.00 ）A. managingB. writingC. handlingD. working V解析：8. You can ___ the temperature in the house by adjusting thethermostat（（分数：2.00 ）A. adoptB. reachC. regulate VD. register解析：9.I _____ a little Spanish while I was in Peru.（分数：2.00 ）A. inquiredB. requiredC. acquired VD. acquainted解析：10.Social problems and poverty _____ much of the crime in today's big cities.（分数：2.00 ）A. undermineB. underlie VC. contributeD. signify解析：11.In many countries, packets of cigarettes come with a government health warning （分数：2.00 ）A. attachingB. attached VC. to attachD. attach解析：12. ___________________________________________ There can be no doubt whatsoever that smoking _______________________________________ your health.（分数：2.00 ）A. preventsB. delays温度调节器).to them.C. endangers VD. disturbs解析：13. The extent of the damage was greatly ___ by the press.（分数：2.00 ）A. raisedB. widenedC. exceededD. exaggerated V解析：14. High stress levels are ___ of life for business executives.（分数：2.00 ）A. an impressionB. a pointC. an effectD. a feature V解析：15. None of our ___ at contacting Dr. James were successful.（分数：2.00 ）A. necessariesB. needsC. attempts VD. trials解析：16. Even Democrat George McGovern, ___ had the lowest level of party support among recentnominees, was backed in 1972 by nearly 60 percent of his party's voters.（分数：2.00 ）A. who VB. whoseC. thatD. which解析：17. Robots differ from automatic machines in ___ after completion of one specific task, theycan be reprogrammed to do another one.（分数：2.00 ）A. whichB. that VC. howD. whether解析：18. Understand what Jet Lag is, and how a careful diet can minimize its worst effects, ___ .（分数：2.00 ）A. your flights will be less stressful VB. and your flights will be less stressfulC. of your flights will be less stressfulD. in order that your flights will be less stressful 解析：19. ______________________________________________ The Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific, it is still very large.（分数：2.00 ）B. andC. soD. therefore 解析：20. ______________________________________ No one has been able to prove that fish is better for the brain than many other kindsof food.（分数：2.00 ）A. someB. soC. asD. ___________________________ any V 解析：二、完形填空（总题数：1，分数：20.00）Medical experts have 【C1】_______________________ suspected a link between the health of the mind and the healthof the body. From time to time researchers have reported evidence of such a link. One such report now comes from the University of California at San Diego School of Medicine. The study shows that the mental disorder known as depression 【C2】_____ to harm the body's natural defense system againstdisease. Victims of severe depression generally have a low opinion of themselves. They often lose 【C3】_____ in everything. They seem very sad. They have trouble sleeping. And they generally lose their 【C4】to eat. In most extreme examples, depressed persons may want to kill themselves. The University of California study was 【C5】_____ by Dr. Michael Irwin. He began thestudy two years ago at a hospital in the city of Los Angeles.The study involved 37 women, whose husbands were dying of lung cancer. Dr. Irwin studied the women for 【C6】____ of depression.He took some of their blood both before and after the death of their husbands. He examined the blood for cells that help the body fight disease. These are the substances scientists call naturalkiller cells, T suppressor cells, and T helper cells. Dr. Irwin then looked for the same【C7】 ___________________ of cells in the blood of women whose husbands were healthy. Dr. Irwin 【C8】 _____ thatdisease-fighting cells were not very active in the women whose husbands were dying or had just died. The rate of activity was【C9】 ______ than in women whose husbands were healthy. Dr. Irwinalso found that the rate of activity was directly linked to the severity of 【C10】_____ woman's depression over the death of her husband. （分数：20.00）（1）.【C1】（分数：2.00 ）A. everB. stillC. long VD. always 解析：⑵.【C2】（分数：2.00 ）A. emergesB. appears VC. happens解析：⑶.【C3】（分数：2.00 ）B. interestingC. interest VD. interests解析：⑷.【C4】（分数：2.00 ）A. despairB. despiteC. desire VD. design解析：⑸.【C5】（分数：2.00 ）A. builtB. madeC. takenD. done V 解析：（6）.【C6】（分数：2.00 ）A. sighB. markC. signs VD. signals解析：⑺.【C7】（分数：2.00 ）A. variantsB. speciesC. kinds VD. standards解析：（8）.【C8】（分数：2.00 ）A. knownC. lookedD. found V 解析：（9）.【C9】（分数：2.00 ）A. lower VB. higherC. shorterD. taller解析：（10）.【C10】（分数：2.00）A. oneB. each VC. anyD. every解析：三、阅读理解（总题数：3，分数：20.00）There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is thatof men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often insufficient, one must have recourse to（求助，求援）the second. It is, therefore, necessary for a prince to know well how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly（隐秘地，不公开地）taught to rulers by ancient writers,who relate how Achilles and many others of those ancient princes were given to Chiron the centaur（马的怪物）to be 半人半brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable（寓言）of thissemi-animal, semi-human teacher is meant to indicate that the one without the other is not durable.A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as abeast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox cannot defend himself from wolves.Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent（谨慎的）ruler oughtnot to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interest, and when the reasons which made him bind himself no longer exist. If men were all good, this precept（规贝U ）would not be agood one; but as they are bad, and would not keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a prince who wished to show colorable excuse for the nonfulfilment of his promise.beenhas peace times many how show and examples, of number infinite an furnish could one this, Of broken, and how many promises rendered（致使［worthless, by the faithlessness of princes, and those that have best been a-ble to imitate the fox have succeeded best. But it is necessary to be able to disguise this character well, and to be a great feigner（作假者）and dissembler（伪君子）,and menare so simple and so ready to obey present necessities that the one who deceives will always be able to find those who allow themselves to be deceived. （分数：8.00）（1）___________________________ .The writer does not believe that . （分数：2.00）A. the truth makes men freeB. people can protect themselvesC. princes are humanD. leaders have to be consistent V解析：（2）________________ .Prince designates . （分数：2.00）A. anyone in power VB. elected officialsC. aristocratsD. sons of kings 解析：（3）.The lion represents those who are ___ . （分数：2.00 ）A. too cunning and weakB. strong and cunning。

2022年自考专业(电子商务)电子商务英语考试真题及答案4

2022年自考专业(电子商务)电子商务英语考试真题及答案一、单项选择题 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)依据句子的意思选择一个正确的答案，请将其代码填涂在“答题纸”相应的位置上。

错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。

1、Many people believe that one of the keys to success on the Internet is coming up with a business plane that targets a very_____market rather than a broad market.A.specificB.smallC.peculiarD.shallow2、Being on the Web means your business will be_____to an international audience.A.invisibleB.hiddenC.happeningD.visible3、Many sites______provide a long list of products______lump them a search button,making it difficult to find them.A.either...or...B.not only...but also...C.neither...nor...D.as well...as...4、Write clearly and prominently all the sales and after-sales support terms so as to avoid______.A.understandingB.confusionC.businessD.discussion5、The instances of online credit card______and hacking are increasing.A.lossB.thievesC.thefte6、The manual process of classifying material on the Web takes_____too much time.A.upB.inC.onD.of7、Searching by_____is the most common method of using a search engine.A.abstractB.titleC.authorD.keyword8、As people become even______patient with messages and content they don’t want, precision targeting will even more vital.A.moreB.mostC.lessD.lest9、A firewall______unauthorized access to your computer.A.hidesB.protectsC.blocksD.helps10、You can use your mobile phones to_____the check, adding money to your account.A.skipB.scanC.cashD.keep二、阅读理解(本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)阅读下面的短文，在每小题列出的四个新选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请选择一个最佳答案，将其选出并将"答题卡"的相应代码涂黑。

商务英语阅读自考

第二单元人力资源管理
• 一、学习目的与要求 • 通过本单元学习，掌握商务英语阅读中的快速阅读技巧，了解人力资源管理概况。
二、考核知识点与考核目标
• • • • • • • （一）课内训练（重点）识记：1. China’s Problem of Labor 中国人力资源问题名词解释： Confucian heritage 孔子遗训 Micro-managing 微观管理 Job rotation 轮岗
（三）课外练习（一般）
• • • • • • • • • • • • • 理解：1.Carlyle Group’s Asian Invasion 加雷集团的亚洲扩张名词解释： Venture-capital 风险资本 Carlyle Group 凯雷投资集团 Citigroup 花旗集团、 2. Why the Dollar Is Blooming Again 为什么美元再次复兴？名词解释： Greenback 美元（俚语） Lehman Brothers Inc 雷曼兄弟公司 European Central Bank 欧洲中央银行 Federal Reserve Bank 美国联邦储备银行
•
பைடு நூலகம்
Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan argues that their widespread use spreads risk among different market players, including nonfinancial companies, making the financial system a lot safer. All the same, Greenspan reminds banks that they need to keep pace with changes in the market and ―readjust accordingly‖. 美联储主席艾伦· 格林斯潘解释说，它们（衍生工具）的广泛使用分散了隐蔽在市场上不同公司的风险，包括非金融公司的风险，使得金融系统安全了许多。同时，格林斯潘提醒银行要跟上市场的千变万化，及时作出 “相应的再调整”。

商务英语阅读自考

实践运用
通过实际应用商务英语阅读，将知识转化为实际能力。
多样资源
利用各种资源，如课程、书籍和在线工具，提高自己的阅读能力。
多元化阅读
阅读不同类型的商务英语材料，如新闻报道、市场研究报告和商务合同，提高自己的阅读理解能力。
商务英语词汇和语法
关键词汇
掌握商务英语中常用的词汇，如合同条款、销售报告和市场分析。
语法规则
了解商务英语中的语法规则和句型结构，有助于理解和使用商务英语。
商务英语阅读技巧
1
精读
2
仔细阅读文本，理解细节和上下文，提高阅
商务英语阅读中的挑战
1 专业领域
不同行业有不同的专业术语和领域知识，需要学会理解和应用。
2 时间压力
工作中常常面临时间紧迫的情况，需要快速有效地阅读和理解信息。
3 信息过载
现代社会充斥着大量信息，学会过滤和提取关键信息至关重要。
商务英语阅读的突破
持续学习
保持学习态度，不断提升阅读技巧和语言水平。
读理解能力。
3
快速阅读
通过快速浏览文本，获取主要信息，节省时间，提高效率。
主题理解
抓住文本的核心主题和中心思想，提炼关键信息。
商务英语阅读中的技巧
分析商业报告
学会从商业报告中提取关键信息，了解企业的运营情况。
会议笔记
通过有效的会议笔记，记录重要的讨论和决策，方便后续参考。
演示技巧
学习制作和传达商务演示文稿的技巧，提高沟通和表达能力。
3 拓宽知识面
通过阅读商务英语材料，你可以了解各个行业的动态和趋势，拓展自己的专业知识。
商务英语阅读策略
预览和预测
通过快速浏览文本，获取主要信息，做出预测，提前了解文档的大致内容。

2023年10月自考00888电子商务英语试题及答案含评分标准

㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀绝密考试结束前2023年10月高等教育自学考试电子商务英语试题课程代码:00888㊀㊀1.请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂㊁写在答题纸上㊂㊀㊀2.答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称㊁姓名㊁准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上㊂选择题部分注意事项:㊀㊀每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑㊂如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号㊂不能答在试题卷上㊂一㊁单项选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分㊂在每小题列出的备选项中只有一项是最符合题目要求的,请将其选出㊂1.He wants to transfer some money to the㊀㊀㊀of his daughter.A.countB.accountC.discountD.accountant2.They were about to fight㊀㊀㊀their father intervened.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where3.His family say he was a㊀㊀㊀teenager.A.automaticB.coherentC.troublesomeD.collective4.He㊀㊀㊀me will attend the party.A.as far asB.as long asC.as soon asD.as well as5.Mary didn t feel like㊀㊀㊀alone,so she asked me to accompany her to the market.A.to go shoppingB.to go to shopC.going to shopD.going shopping6.His past experience qualified him to㊀㊀㊀such a delicate matter.A.handleB.harmC.hackD.host7.The price cuts㊀㊀㊀to boost sales.A.failedB.to failC.failsD.failing8.The classroom teacher must be sensitive㊀㊀㊀a child s needs.A.inB.toC.atD.for浙00888#电子商务英语试题第1页(共8页)9.What I learned from my bitter experience is㊀㊀㊀you should never underestimate the ability of your enemy.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.while10.I can t㊀㊀㊀how to do this.A.break outB.hand outC.put outD.figure out二㊁阅读理解:本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分㊂本部分有三篇短文,每篇短文后有若干问题,每个问题有四个选项,请选择一个最佳答案,将其选出并将答题卡(纸)的相应代码涂黑㊂错涂㊁多涂或未涂均无分㊂Passage1The digital currency is a form of currency that is used only in digital or electronic form,and not in physical form.It is also called digital money,electronic money or electronic currency. Digital currencies are intangible and can only be owned and transacted by using computers or electronic wallets connected to the Internet.While physical currencies,like banknotes and coins, are tangible and transactions are possible only by their holders who have their physical ownership. Like any standard currency,digital currencies can be used to buy goods as well as to pay for services.The People s Bank of China(PBOC)is aiming to make banknotes and coins electronic and internationalized(国际化). For the internationalization of RMB,we have said many times that it s a natural process and our goal is not to replace the US dollar or any other international currency, Li Bo,deputy governor(副行长)of the PBOC said. I think our goal is to allow the market to choose and to improve international trade.China s digital yuan is popular with most of the people in China.Now the PBOC is taking some steps to make it play an increasingly important role,especially in all kinds of trades at home and abroad.11.The digital currency isn t㊀㊀㊀.A.digital moneyB.electronic moneyC.electronic currencyD.physical money12.What s the meaning of the underlined word intangible ?A.无形的B.昂贵的C.更方便的D.更安全的浙00888#电子商务英语试题第2页(共8页)13.What is the goal of the PBOC on currency reform(改革)?A.To make banknotes and coins electronic and internationalized.B.To replace the US dollar and any other international currency.C.To make RMB become the most important currency in the world.D.To advise people from all over the world to choose and use the digital currency.14.What s the best title of the passage?A.Digital currencies,leading the futureB.Digital currencies,the promise of wealthC.PBOC,the hope of the nationD.Digital currencies,the dollar killerPassage2It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense(国防), transportation(交通),and other services.A public good is one that a person can use without reducing the use of it for another person. One of the best examples of a public good is national defense.One person can benefit from our national defense without reducing another person s benefits.In fact,it is difficult to keep any person in our society from enjoying the benefits of national defense.The market system does not work well in producing public goods.This is because a person who refuses to pay for a public good cannot be kept from using it.Suppose that the neighbors in a high crime(犯罪)area decide to hire a police force.Each neighbor,except Mrs.Smith,agrees to pay for it.Mrs.Smith refuses to pay because she knows that if all the others pay for the service,the police will still guard the area.So Mrs.Smith can enjoy the benefits without paying anything. The market system has no way to deal with this type of problem.For this reason,we cannot ask each person to make a direct payment in the form of product price.Therefore,we collect money for public goods by using taxes.15.The writer gives the example of national defense in paragraph2in order to show that㊀㊀㊀.A.everybody should be responsible for national defenseB.the society will not be safe if there is no national defenseC.a public good is a shared benefit for the whole societyD.certain public goods are more important than others浙00888#电子商务英语试题第3页(共8页)16.The person who does not pay for a public good㊀㊀㊀.A.fails to keep its service from being usedB.keeps himself from using its serviceC.cannot enjoy its benefit at any timeD.enjoys its benefit all the same17.From the passage we learn that the purpose of collecting taxes is to㊀㊀㊀.A.ensure the continuous supply of public goodsB.remind people of their responsibilityC.get extra money to support public goodsD.reduce the difference between the rich and the poorPassage3One day I said that I would go abroad for further studies after my college education.My decision evoked(引起)the objection of my family:Why should I borrow a huge sum of money for overseas studies while I might receive the same education at home at a relatively low cost?My answer is:In addition to knowledge,I can gain experience that those who stay at home will never have.First,experience is the opportunity for the real-life use of foreign languages.There is no better opportunity to improve second-language skills than living in the country in which it is spoken. Second,living and studying abroad offers me a different perspective on the world.On a university campus,foreign students are likely to meet their counterparts(对应的人或物)from different countries and areas and be exposed to different ideas and values.This helps to have a better understanding of different societies and inevitably sees my own country in a new light. Third,overseas experience may be frustrating and painful,but it is helpful at the same time.A person going abroad for study often experiences much more difficulties.Yet,the difficulty,with the frustration(沮丧)brought on by culture shock,is a rewarding experience for one s future life. Although going abroad is expensive and perhaps painful,the payoff is worthwhile.For the benefit is not merely knowledge gained,but the experience desirable in one s personal life.18.Why does the author want to go abroad for further studies?A.Because it is cheaper to receive education abroad.B.Because he can get different education abroad.C.Because he can have different experience abroad.D.Because he can have the knowledge like others.浙00888#电子商务英语试题第4页(共8页)19.Besides the education,what can people get from living abroad?A.An opportunity to meet superstars.B.A new knowledge of the world.C.A huge sum of scholarship.D.A new perspective on the university.20.In the author s opinion,what is the advantage of going abroad?A.It is to satisfy people and relieve the pain all the time.B.It is to deepen the study as well as enrich the experience.C.It is to get the knowledge people need only at home.D.It is to get what people need in their whole life.三㊁完形填空(一):选择最佳答案完成句子:本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分㊂在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其选出并将答题卡(纸)的相应代码涂黑㊂错涂㊁多涂或未涂均无分㊂㊀㊀What is stress?Stress is a normal response to difficult or new situations.We usually feel ㊀21㊀when we experience changes in our lives.㊀22㊀,you might experience stress when you start at a new school.People experience㊀23㊀symptoms(症状)when they are stressed.Physical symptoms ㊀24㊀a dry mouth and headache.You may also have㊀25㊀with sleeping.There are㊀26㊀emotional(情绪的)symptoms such as feeling sad,worried or anxious.Stress is bad when we are unable to deal with it.㊀27㊀if we have a positive attitude,stress can give us extra energy and make us perform better.People have different ways of dealing with stress:Actor Chris Evans has said that he deals with stress㊀28㊀talking about it with someone. Singer Adele has often felt stressed before going on stage(舞台).She manages with it by ㊀29㊀she is another person,someone who is stronger and deals well with stressful situations. Many people say that simply relaxing and being calm can㊀30㊀.But perhaps the best way for dealing with stress is to be in control don t let the situation control you.浙00888#电子商务英语试题第5页(共8页)21.A.stressed B.sad C.angry D.happy22.A.For example B.In fact C.Thanks to D.According to23.A.same B.beautiful C.different D.strange24.A.keep B.include C.carry D.leave25.A.choice B.hope C.luck D.difficulty26.A.ever B.never C.also D.hardly27.A.So B.And C.But D.Until28.A.at B.by C.with D.for29.A.making B.lying C.imagining D.cheating30.A.help B.fight e D.stop非选择题部分注意事项:㊀㊀用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上㊂四㊁完形填空(二):在下列课文片段中按中文意思提示填入遗漏的词:本大题共5小题,每小题1分,共5分㊂㊀㊀The business community has been㊀31㊀(改变)by the arrival of the Internet.The Internet has become an integral㊀32㊀(部分)of many organizations means of undertaking business.It can be used as an additional channel through which businesses㊀33㊀(沟通)with and trade with customers,㊀34㊀(供应商)and partners.㊀35㊀(从)a business perspective,the Internet has had a profound effect on the way companies operate.五㊁根据给出的汉语词义和规定的词性写出相应的英语单词,该词的第一个字母已经给出,每条短线上写一个字母:本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分㊂36.内部的,国内的adj.㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀i㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀37.忽视,忽略v.o㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀38.全体职员,员工n.s㊀㊀㊀㊀39.隐私,私密n.p㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀40.撤出,收回,提款v.w㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀41.抛弃,丢弃,离弃v.a㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀42.关键性的,极其重要的adj.c㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀浙00888#电子商务英语试题第6页(共8页)43.极端的,极限的,非常的adj.e㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀44.资产,财产n.a㊀㊀㊀㊀45.法律上,合法地adv.l㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀六㊁给出下列单词或术语的汉语意义:本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分㊂46.electronic economy47.security strategy48.conduct business49.social networkingputing power51.page design52.customer relationship53.online payment54.profit from55.keep in mind57.in particular58.cut costs59.business plan60.domain name61.sign up62.mass market63.expected revenue64.in the long run65.log in七㊁根据句子的意思将括号中的词变成适当的形式:本大题共5小题,每小题1分,共5分㊂66.㊀㊀㊀(create)your own affiliate program is arguably the most effective way of growing your business and sales online.67.This task㊀㊀㊀(require)your full concentration.68.Continued success demands protecting㊀㊀㊀(value)assets.浙00888#电子商务英语试题第7页(共8页)69.Several㊀㊀㊀(factor)are likely to influence the decision.70.㊀㊀㊀(great)influenced by his father,David also wants to be a student of the West Point School.八㊁英译汉:阅读下面的短文,然后把画线的句子翻译成汉语:本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分㊂㊀㊀Business letter is a very important component and medium in business activities.(71)A good business letter is helpful to a business activity.(72)There are certain essential qualities of business writing:㊀㊀1.Clearness:(73)The writer must try to express himself clearly so that the reader will understand.He should follow a clear logic,meanwhile,use simple and appropriate words.㊀㊀2.Courtesy(礼貌):Courtesy requires the writer to be thoughtful,sincere and tactful in writing a business letter.(74)It means you need to put yourself in the reader s shoes.㊀㊀3.Conciseness(简洁):(75)Conciseness means writing something in the fewest possible words.A concise business letter should express things briefly but completely without losing clarity or courtesy.九㊁汉译英:请把下面的汉语句子翻译成英语:本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分㊂76.从本质上讲,这就是一种网上支付的方法㊂(in essence)77.注意网络入侵者并了解如何保护你的电子业务不被其破坏㊂(be aware of;protect from)78.电子商务与移动商务之间的差距正在缩小㊂(gap)79.他创立了一种新型的在线交易系统㊂(create)80.你的网店如何与众不同?(differ)浙00888#电子商务英语试题第8页(共8页)绝密启用前2023年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试电子商务英语试题答案及评分参考(课程代码㊀00888)一㊁单项选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分㊂1.B2.C3.C4.D5.D6.A7.A8.B9.A10.D二㊁阅读理解:本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分㊂11.D12.A13.A14.A15.C16.D17.A18.C19.B20.B三㊁完形填空(一):本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分㊂21.A22.A23.C24.B25.D26.C27.C28.B29.C30.A四㊁完形填空(二):本大题共5小题,每小题1分,共5分㊂31.changed㊀㊀32.part㊀㊀municate㊀㊀34.suppliers㊀㊀35.From五㊁根据给出的汉语词义和规定的词性写出相应的英语单词:本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分㊂36.internal㊀㊀37.overlook㊀㊀38.staff㊀㊀39.privacy㊀㊀40.withdraw41.abandon42.crucial43.extreme44.asset45.legally六㊁给出下列单词或术语的汉语意义:本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分㊂(可根据情况酌情给分)46.电子经济56.亚马逊网站47.安全策略57.尤其,特别48.经商58.削减成本49.社会关系网59.商业计划50.计算能力60.域名51.页面设计61.签约,报名52.客户关系62.大众市场53.在线支付63.预期收益54.从获利64.长远来看55.记住65.登入,登陆七㊁根据句子的意思将括号中的词变成适当的形式:本大题共5小题,每小题1分,共5分㊂66.Creating67.requires68.valuable69.factors70.Greatly电子商务英语试题答案及评分参考第1页(共2页)八㊁英译汉:本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分㊂(可根据情况酌情给分)71.一封好的商业信函有助于公司的业务㊂72.商务信函写作包含一些基本要素㊂73.作者必须尽力清晰地做出表达,以便读者理解㊂74.这意味着你需要设身处地为读者着想㊂75.(内容)简洁意味着用尽可能少的词去写㊂九㊁汉译英:本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分㊂(可根据情况酌情给分)76.In essence,it is a way to take payments online.77.Be aware of online intruders and how you can protect your e-business from them.78.The gap between e-commerce and m-commerce is going on decreasing.79.He created a new kind of online trading system.80.How will your online store differ from others?电子商务英语试题答案及评分参考第2页(共2页)。

商务英语阅读自考大纲

商务英语阅读自考大纲-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1Ⅰ、课程性质及其设置的目的和要求一、本课程的性质与设置的目的“商务英语阅读”是高等教育自学考试商务英语专业（独立本科段）的选考课，占 6 学分。

本课程的目的在于培养考生的商务英语阅读能力和提高学生的阅读速度，培养学生细致观察商务英语的能力以及假设、分析归纳、推理检验等逻辑思维能力，扩大学生的商务英语词汇量和经贸知识，向学生提供内容广泛、原汁原味的商务英语文章，以扩大学生的知识面，增强学生的商务英语语感和培养学生阅读未经删节或简写的权威外刊的兴趣与能力，使他们了解商务英语在词汇、语法和篇章等方面的特点，并增长和积累经贸知识，从而打好语言和专业两方面的基础。

二、本课程的基本要求本课程的基本要求是：掌握西方商务报刊英语文章的常用词汇、常用句型，熟悉各种主要商务英语文章类型，掌握阅读和理解商务英语文章的基本技能，提高阅读商务文章，获取商务信息的基本能力，并进一步提高商务英语读、写、译的能力，学会商务报刊文章中最常用的表达方法的实际运用。

三、与相关课程的联系“商务英语阅读”课程的先修课程是英语专业专科基础英语课程。

其他专业课程，如“进出口英语函电”、“外贸英语会话”、“外经贸应用文”等与本课程密切相关。

1Ⅱ、课程内容与考核目标第一单元教育一．学习目的和要求（一）介绍西方报刊杂志中关于教育方面的报道和论述，使学生学习并了解这类文章的文体、语言和内容特点。

（二）使学生掌握有关词语、句子结构和篇章表达的语言知识。

二、考核知识点和考核要求（一）词汇基础（1）掌握课文中出现的普通词汇含义及其用法：1． disembark v. 2． chuckle v. 3． inequality n. 4． meritocracy n. 5． marvel v. 6． relish v. 7． dopey adj. 8． intuition n. 9． eclipse n. 10． frenzy n. 11． celebrity n. 12． briefing n. 13． eternity n. 14． train depot n. 15． cadre n. 16． friction n. 17． meddle v. 18． journalism n. 19． rebuff v. 20． accost v. 21． quantify v. 22． avalanche n. 23． hierarchy n. 24． notorious adj. 25． drop out v. 26． wayward adj. 下船，下飞机咯咯地笑不平等精英管理的社会觉得惊奇从……得到乐趣，喜爱笨的，迟钝的直觉（日、月）蚀疯狂名人简报，（新闻）发布会永久火车站核心班子，骨干队伍摩擦管闲事新闻学回绝打招呼，搭话量化雪崩，大量的等级制度声名狼藉的中途退学任性的27． permanent adj. 永久的28． rational adj. 29． recruit v. 30． affinity n. 理性的，明智的招收亲和力22. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 9.31． credential n. 32． reminisce v. 33． phobia n. 34． perimeter n. 证书，证明回忆恐惧症周界，周长 35． commercialised adj. 商业化的 36． shrink v. 37． enrolment n. 38． vigorous adj. 39． momentum n. 40． squeeze v. 41． intrigue v. 42． dilemma n. 43． elite n. 44． lavish adj. 45． gleefully adv. 萎缩注册活跃的发展势头挤堵吸引，激起兴趣困境精英丰富的愉快地 46． renunciation n. 摒弃（2）掌握课文中的专业术语，能够准确进行中英文互译： 1. the Federal Reserve Board （美国）联邦储备委员会 stockbroker 股票经纪人 financial consulting company 财政咨询公司 the Council of Economic Advisers 总统经济顾问委员会 mathematical economics 数理经济学 business forecaster 商情预测员 econometrician 计量经济学家 8. profit margin revenue 利润率财政收入（二）掌握课文中的句式（1）能够准确理解课文中有关商务英语的常用句子结构和意义；（2）能够准确翻译与这些句式相关的句子。

商务英语阅读自学考试课程考试大纲-30页文档资料

湖北省高等教育自学考试课程考试大纲课程名称：商务英语阅读课程代码：05439第一部分课程性质与目标一、课程性质与特点商务英语阅读课程是湖北省高等教育自学考试商务英语（专科）的一门专业基础课。

本课程以当代英语国家的原版教材、英语报纸、杂志和学术刊物中与经济和商务有关的文章为基础，材料内容涉及商贸英语的主要领域，如经济学、国际贸易、市场营销、企业管理、投资、证券、保险、广告等。

本课程是一门理论联系实际，应用性较强的课程。

二、课程目标与基本要求通过本课程的学习，学生既可学到地道的英语（包括大量的专业术语），又可以学到对外经济贸易知识，同时也能够掌握商务报刊文章的基本特点，提高阅读和分析能力，最终从整体上提高商贸英语语言水平以及语言欣赏和运用能力，达到商务英语专业专科生水平。

三、与本专业其他课程的关系商务英语阅读课程与商务英语口语、综合英语等课程同属于专业基础课，是商务英语写作、商务英语翻译、商务英语函电等课程的先修课程。

第二部分考核内容与考核目标第一单元财经一、学习目的与要求通过本单元学习，认知商贸英语文章的内在逻辑关系，帮助学生提高第 1 页阅读理解的能力，了解国际财经概况。

二、考核知识点与考核目标（一）课内训练（重点）识记：1. When Banker’s Bets Go Bad银行家的猜测落空名词解释：OCC: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency 通货监理局Alan Greenspan 艾伦·格林斯潘，美联储主席句子翻译：1)The bank had doubled profits in the past year viaa string of successful mergers, but on Apr. 21 itreported that its securities portfolio hadunrealized losses of nearly $131 million.2)We’re considering strategies that make the mostsense if rates are going up much more aggressivelyand sooner than anticipated.2. Creating Government Financing Programs for Small andMedium-sized Enterprises in China中国为中小型企业提供政府财政援助项目名词解释：Labor-intensive 劳动密集型SME: small and medium-sized enterprise 中小型企业SOE: state-owned enterprises 国有企业句子翻译：In China, as a result of the economic reforms and market opening measures, SMEs have enjoyed remarkabledevelopment and have grown to become an important forcein contributing towards sustained and rapid growth ofthe Chinese economic.（二）阅读技巧（次重点）应用：阅读的逻辑技巧（三）课外练习（一般）理解：1.Carlyle Group’s As ian Invasion加雷集团的亚洲扩张名词解释：Venture-capital 风险资本Carlyle Group 凯雷投资集团Citigroup 花旗集团2. Why the Dollar Is Blooming Again为什么美元再次复兴？名词解释：Greenback 美元（俚语）第 3 页Lehman Brothers Inc 雷曼兄弟公司European Central Bank 欧洲中央银行Federal Reserve Bank 美国联邦储备银行（四）拓展阅读（一般）理解：1. How Banks Pretty up the Profit Picture银行如何美化收益前景2. Thai Stocks What Goes Up泰国股市：到底是怎么了？3. Inventing to Order以市场为导向开发产品4. I t’s an Office Party in Hong Kong香港办公楼地价之争第二单元人力资源管理一、学习目的与要求通过本单元学习，掌握商务英语阅读中的快速阅读技巧，了解人力资源管理概况。

2022年自考专业(电子商务)电子商务英语考试真题及答案

错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。

1、Without a firewall, you are not in______of who is and isn’t allowed to access your computer.A.controlB.chargemandD.view2、Some business strategics will help an e-business______an international market.A.breakB.break intoC.access toD.break down3、Legal counsel can______risks that arise from changes in the business environment.A.solveB.takeC.resolveD.address4、The Internet allows companies to_______costs and generate savings.A.increaseB.raiseC.reduceD.adjust5、The Internet creates a _______ for e-businesses to enter international market.A.stageB.platformC.roomD.role6、Write clearly and prominently the sales and after sales support terms so as to avoid______.A.misunderstandingB.discussionC.businessD.negotiation7、The combination of______and real e-commerce would be theimportant trends of e-business in the future.A.numberB.figureC.digitalD.data8、Most shopping carts support at least a dozen gateways, so check the list ______your shopping cart vendor’s website.A.onB.inC.outD.with9、If you’re going to______globally, then you must take the time and effort to localize your content for each country that you target.A.handleB.manageC.runD.operate10、Wal-Mart’s online experience is the_____that success in the brick and mortar world doesn’t create corresponding success in e-commerce.A.evidenceB.proofC.helpD.fact二、阅读理解 (本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)本部分有三篇短文，每个问題有四个选项，请选择一个最佳答案，将其选出并将答题卡 (纸)的相应代码涂黑。

商务英语自考试题及答案

商务英语自考试题及答案一、单选题1. Which of the following is NOT considered a form of non-verbal communication?A. Facial expressionsB. Hand gesturesC. Written messagesD. Body language2. Which of the following best describes the concept of cultural intelligence?A. The ability to speak multiple languages fluentlyB. The ability to adapt to and work effectively in different cultural contextsC. The ability to negotiate successful business dealsD. The ability to understand complex business theories3. Which of the following statements about negotiations is FALSE?A. Negotiations involve finding a mutually satisfactory solutionB. Negotiations can occur between individuals or organizationsC. Negotiations always result in a win-win outcomeD. Negotiations require effective communication and problem-solving skills4. Which of the following is NOT a factor that can influence the success of a business negotiation?A. Cultural differencesB. Language barriersC. Personal values and beliefsD. Time constraints5. In international business, what does the acronym FOB stand for?A. Free On BoardB. Foreign Ownership BenefitsC. Freight On BuyerD. Financial Operations Bureau二、填空题1. The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international___________ that regulates global trade.2. ___________ refers to the value of all goods and services produced bya country in a specific time period.3. A ___________ is a formal agreement between two or more parties that outlines the terms and conditions of a business transaction.4. ___________ is a marketing strategy where a company sets low prices to gain market share and drive competitors out of business.5. The ___________ is the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another.三、简答题1. Explain the concept of social responsibility in business.2. What is the importance of cross-cultural communication in international business?3. Discuss the potential challenges and benefits of conducting business negotiations via video conferencing.四、案例分析题Case Study: XYZ CompanyXYZ Company is a multinational corporation that specializes in manufacturing electronic devices. They have recently expanded their operations into a new country and are facing some challenges in adapting to the local business environment.Task:Identify three potential cultural barriers XYZ Company may encounter in this new market and suggest strategies for overcoming them.五、论述题Discuss the impact of globalization on international business. Include examples to support your arguments and consider both the positive and negative effects of globalization.以上是商务英语自考的试题及答案。

2022年自考专业(电子商务)电子商务英语考试真题及答案19

2022年自考专业(电子商务)电子商务英语考试真题及答案一、词汇和语法 (本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)1、Roscae said that he had never had to contend with any girl as fat as _________.A.herB.hersC.sheD.herself2、Many scientists believe that oil was formed in the earth _________ years ago.lionlionslion oflions of3、The officer _________ his orders to the men by radio.A.reportedB.transmittedmunicatedD.exchanged4、He’s never again written _________ as his first one.A.a such good bookB.a so good bookC.so good a bookD.such good a book5、It wasn’t long _________ he found a job.A.untilB.beforeC.sinceD.after6、There are _________ benefits in the new system.A.conciseB.tangibleC.preciseD.metal7、Was it during the Second World War _________ he died?A.thatB.whileC.in whichD.then8、I _________ to come over to see you, but someone called and I couldn’t get away.A.intendedB.would intendC.had intendedD.has intended9、He _________ to be a liar but a fool.A.thinksB.thinkingC.thoughtD.was thought10、He said he wouldn’t mind _________ at home.A.leaving aloneB.being left aloneC.to be left lonelyD.to leave alone11、He has an unusual _________ of life.A.conceptionB.lookC.philosophyD.science12、Professor Tate _________ about him.A.heard the students to talkB.heard the talk by the studentsC.heard the students talkingD.heard the students talk13、Before we commence again, let me give you a word or two of advice, _________?A.will youB.shall IC.don’t ID.won’t you14、He would have given more help, but he _________ so busy.A.isB.would beC.has beenD.had been15、The hot water _________ my pullover.A.shrankB.withdrewC.witherD.retreated16、Will you mind _________ him how _________ the next step?A.my telling; to takeB.my showing; to takingC.me to tell; takeD.me to tell; to taking17、_________ we think of Rose, we have to admit that he’sa highly competent man.A.WhichB.WhicheverC.WhatD.Whatever18、_________ all behavior is learned behavior is a basic assumption by solid scientists.A.NearlyB.That nearlyC.It is nearlyD.When nearly19、A teacher shouldn’t have _________.A.choicesB.selectionsC.favoritesD.options20、Once upon a time, _________ known by the name of James.A.a man there livedB.lived there a manC.a man lived thereD.there lived a man二、完形填空 (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)1、Steve wanted to ask Jenny to his school’s Spring Dance, but he imagined that she had plent y of dates and wouldn’t be interested (21) going with him anyway. When his friends(22) about his plans for the dance, Steve pretended to be(23), but they urged him to consider going to the dance. Steve (24)decided that he would make the effort to ask Jenny, but felt sure that he would be turned(25).(26) the following afternoon, as Steve was delivering papers, he could see Jenny (27)on the front steps. She seemed to be waiting for someone. Steve grew more (28) as he approached her, pretending to be busy with his newspaper. By the time he managed to say hello, his courage had failed, and he had given up the idea of asking her to the dance.(29) his surprise, Jenny suddenly struck up a conversation, and a few minutes later she asked him to the Spring Dance being held in her school. The turn of events was so startling to Steve (30), for a few moments, he could only stare in total amazement.21、()A.inB.ofC.for2、22、()A.enquirerB.inquiredC.consultedD.concerned3、23、()A.indifferentB.differentC.interestedD.agitated4、24、()A.firstlyB.primarilyC.finallystly5、25、()A.awayB.offC.overD.down6、26、()B.OnC.AtD.By7、27、()A.sittingB.sitC.to sitD.to be sitting8、28、()A.anxiousB.nervousC.eagerD.passionate9、29、()A.ForB.AtC.ToD.By10、30、()A.andB.thatD.where三、阅读理解 (本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)1、Passage 1Most people agree that taxes must be paid. Government couldn’t run without money. But people argue about how taxes should be collected.Now the government works with a 查看答案【二、完形填空】1~5ABACD6~10BABC【三、阅读理解】1~5DBACD6~10BCDD。

全国自考(电子商务英语)-试卷6

全国自考（电子商务英语）-试卷6(总分：160.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词汇和语法(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.A move towards healthy eating could help______heart disease.（分数：2.00）A.defeatB.destroyC.damageD.eliminate √解析：2.I've never really______for classical music, but I love jazz.（分数：2.00）A.gone in √B.gone offC.gone intoD.gone on解析：3.The army is reported to be______considerable resistance in some areas.（分数：2.00）A.opposingB.emergingC.encountering √D.conducting解析：4.I find studying really difficult because I'm so easily ______.（分数：2.00）A.distracted √B.attractedC.absorbedD.concentrated解析：5.Salt water is a good home______for a sore throat.（分数：2.00）A.remedy √B.treatmentC.methodD.means解析：6.I always have so many things to______to, when I come into the office after a trip abroad. （分数：2.00）A.presentB.attend √C.confrontD.face解析：7.Although the technology______in the UK, it has been developed on large scale in the US. （分数：2.00）A.discoveredB.found outC.originated √D.carried on解析：8.If you can't______the job I'll get someone else to do it.（分数：2.00）A.accustomB.handle √C.dealD.exert解析：9.When people saw pictures of the atrocities(暴行)on TV, there was a______reaction against the war.（分数：2.00）A.spontaneous √B.atomizedC.willingD.volunteer解析：10.No one can function properly if they are______of sleep.（分数：2.00）A.refusedB.derivedC.deprived √D.rid解析：11.______makes it so difficult is that she's already married and has two children.（分数：2.00）A.WhyB.HowC.What √D.Which解析：12.The way she talks is simply intolerable. He objects______like a child.（分数：2.00）A.to be treatedB.to treatC.to being treated √D.to treating解析：13.Such attitudes amount to a belief______leisure can and should be put to good use.（分数：2.00）A.whichB.ifC.whetherD.that √解析：14.______yourself to the job in hand, and you'll soon finish it.（分数：2.00）A.ReplyB.ImplyC.Apply √D.Supply解析：15.This will not only keep the study habit alive but also keep you up to______on your class assignments and projects.（分数：2.00）A.dayB.date √C.numberD.time解析：16.The heart is______ intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain. （分数：2.00）A.not soB.not muchC.much moreD.no more √解析：17.______the fact that his initial experiments had failed, Prof. White persisted in his research. （分数：2.00）A.Because ofB.As toC.In spite of √D.In view of解析：18.Jean Wagner's most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it______in religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.（分数：2.00）A.is to be analyzedB.has been analyzedC.be analyzedD.should have been analyzed √解析：19.Too much ______to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.（分数：2.00）A.disclosureB.exhibitionC.contactD.exposure √解析：20.When confronted with such questions, my mind goes______, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.（分数：2.00）A.dimB.blank √D.vain解析：二、完形填空(总题数：1，分数：20.00)In a telephone survey of more than 2 000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved(旋转)around the earth. An【C1】______21% did not know which revolved around that. I have no doubt that【C2】______all of these people were suggested in school that the earth revolves around the sun;【C3】______may even have written it on a test. But they never【C4】______their incorrect mental models of planetary(行星的)position because their everyday observations didn't support【C5】______their teachers told them: People see the sun "moving" around the sky as morning turns to night, and the earth seems stationary(静止的) 【C6】______that is happening. Students can learn the right answers by heart in class, and yet never combined them【C7】______their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the student's personal understanding of the world can【C8】______side by side, each unaffected by the other. Outside of class, the student continues to use the personal model because it has always worked well 【C9】______that circumstance. Unless professors address specific errors in students' personal models of the world, students are not【C10】______to replace them with the correct one.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.excessiveB.extraC.additional √D.added解析：(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.virtually √B.remarkablyC.ideallyD.preferably解析：(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.thoseB.theseC.whoD.they √解析：(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.formedB.altered √C.believedD.thought解析：(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.howB.whichC.thatD.what √解析：(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）B.soC.while √D.for解析：(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.with √B.intoC.toD.along解析：(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.exist √B.occurC.surviveD.maintain解析：(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.in √B.withC.onD.for解析：(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.obligedB.likely √C.probableD.partial解析：三、阅读理解(总题数：3，分数：20.00)By the Treaty of Paris of 1763 , which ended the war with the French and the Indians, England gained possession of Canada and all the territory east of the Mississippi River. French influence on this continent thus came to an end; England now controlled most of North America. But the war had been long and expensive. England had many debts. George III, king of England, after consulting with his advisers, decided that the American colonists(殖民者)should help pay some of the expenses of this war. A standing English army of 10 000 men had been left in the colonies(殖民地)for protection against the Indians. The English government also felt that the colonists should share in the expenses of maintaining this army. The result was a series of measures, the Grenville Program, passed by Parliament and designed to raise money in the colonies. Some of these measures were accepted by the colonists, but one in particular, the Stamp Act, was met with great protest. The Stamp Act required that stamps, ranging in price from a few cents to almost a dollar, be placed on all newspapers, advertisements, bills of sale, wills, legal papers, etc. The Stamp Act was one of the causes of the American Revolution. It affected everyone, rich and poor alike. Some businessmen felt that the act would surely ruin their businesses. Of all the voices raised in protest to the Stamp Act, none had greater effect than that of a young lawyer from Virginia—Patrick Henry. Henry had only recently been elected to the Virginia Assembly. Yet when the Stamp Act came up for discussion, he opposed it almost single-handedly. He also expressed, for the first time, certain ideas that were held by many Americans of the time but that never before had been stated so openly. "Is life so dear or peace so sweet, as to be bought at the price of chains and slavery?Forbid it, Almighty(万能的)God! I know not what course others may take, but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death!"（分数：8.00）(1).From the text we learn that______.（分数：2.00）A.Britain took over Canada from the Indians in 1763B.there had been a war between the French and the Indians which ended in 1763C.France used to have control of Canada and some areas east of the Mississippi River √D.the French still kept some influence in North America through the Treaty of Paris解析：(2).The Grenville Program refers to______.（分数：2.00）A.King George III' s plan to gather money in North AmericaB.the British government' s desire to raise money in North AmericaC.a plan to share the expenses of maintaining an army in the American coloniesD.a decision of the British Parliament to collect money in the American colonies √解析：(3).From the text we learn that Patrick Henry______.（分数：2.00）A.had been a member of the Virginia Assembly for a long timeB.didn' t know what courses to take to complete his studies as a lawyerC.was almost the only one who openly protested against the Stamp Act √D.didn' t value life or peace as much as other people did解析：(4).This passage is mainly about______.（分数：2.00）A.one of the events leading to the American Revolution √B.the Treaty of Paris between Britain and FranceC.the Grenville Program to raise money in the American coloniesD.Patrick Henry, a hero who opposed the Stamp Act解析：A number of recent books have reworked subjects, forms and writing techniques. Today's children read stories about divorce, death, drugs, air pollution, political extremism and violence. Relying on the magic of the illustrator, all kinds of books are being published. Before they know to read, babies can play with books made of cloth or books made to take in the bath. Later on, they are given picture books that may be cubical(立方形的)or triangular, out-sized or very small. They also like work-books which come with watercolours and paintbrushes, and comic books(漫画册)filled with details where they have to spot a figure hidden among thousands of others. Not that the traditional children's books are being neglected. There are still storybooks where the pages pop up(跳起)when they are opened, to make a forest or a castle. Among the latest ideas are interactive stories where readers choose the plot(情节)or ending they want, and books on CD, which are very popular in rich industrialized countries. The public has enthusiastically greeted the wealth of creativity displayed by publishers. "Previously, giving a child a book as often seen as improper," says Canadian author Marie-France Hebert. Her books, published by a French-language publisher, sell like hot cakes in hundreds of thousands of copies. " There's a real appetite for reading these days and I try to get across to children the passion for reading which is food for the mind and the heart, like a medicine or a vitamin.（分数：6.00）(1)."Reworked" as used in Paragraph 1 means " ______ ".（分数：2.00）A.rewordedB.rewrittenC.processedD.revised √解析：(2).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：2.00）A.Books made of cloth came out earlier than picture books.B.When you buy work-books you will be given free comic books.C.Traditional children's books are not being removed from market. √D.Babies cannot have books while taking a bath.解析：(3).The expression "get across to children" in the last paragraph probably means______.（分数：2.00）A.pass on to childrenB.make children believeC.teach children √D.get around to children解析：The impact of e-commerce is happening in phases, in its first phase(1994—1997)，e-commerce was about presence: making sure that everybody had a Web site, meeting the demand that every company, large or small, get out there and have at least something on the Internet, people weren't quite sure why they were doing it, but they knew that they had to have an online presence. The second phase(1997—2000)of e-commerce was about transactions buying and selling over digital media. The focus in tees phase was on order flow and gross revenue. Some of that was the matching of buyers and sellers who never would have found each other in the past. Some of it was simply taking transactions that would have been done through paper purchase orders and saying that tees business was done on the Internet, although the meaning of that change was quite insignificant. But in this phase, the announcements were all about order flow at any cost:why-sell-it-when-you-can-give-it-away business models. As result, manta of the first movers in this phase such as Value America, are gasping, have gasped their last breath. Today commerce is entering the third phase(2000—?), with a focus on how the Internet can impact profitability. And profitability is not about increasing gross revenues but rather increasing gross margins. We call this phase e-business, and it includes all the applications and processes enabling a company to service a business transaction. In addition to encompassing, e-commerce business includes both front- and back-office applications that form the core of en-gene for modern business. Thus, e-business is not just about e-commerce transactions or about buying and selling over the web; it's the overall strategy of redefining old business models, with the aid of technology, to maximize customer value and profits. To paraphrase business Week Forger B2B and B2C, e-business is about P2P-path to profanity.（分数：6.00）(1).The writer's attitude toward e-commerce is______.（分数：2.00）A.criticizeB.praiseC.indifferent √D.uncertain解析：(2).Between 1994 and 1997, companies built their web sites mainly because they______.（分数：2.00）A.wanted to find more customersB.had no other things to doC.wanted to show their existence on Internet √D.felt the internet was quite interesting解析：(3).In the second phase of e-commerce, companies were satisfied that they______.（分数：2.00）A.have built their own web sites on InternetB.have taken some transactions through Internet √C.have earned a lot of money through InternetD.took transactions through paper purchase orders解析：四、单词汉译英(总题数：15，分数：30.00)21.重的；不方便的 adj． c 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：cumbersome）解析：22.标志区n． b 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：banner）解析：23.继续不断的adj． c 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：continual）解析：24.刮；划v． s 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：scratch）解析：25.远景n．p 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：perspective）解析：26.零售n． r 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：retail）解析：27.拨号n． d 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：dialup）解析：28.种类；类别n． c 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：category）解析：29.制造；编造 n．&v． m 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：manufacture）解析：30.本国的；国内的adv． d 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：domestically）解析：31.及时n．t 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：timeliness）解析：32.起初adv． o 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：originally）解析：33.抵抗；阻力 n． r 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：resistance）解析：34.现象；迹象 n． p 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：phenomenon）解析：35.显然的；表面的 adj． a 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：apparent）解析：五、单词英译汉(总题数：15，分数：30.00)36.frequently asked questions(FAQ)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：经常提到的问题）解析：37.toll-time communication（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：免费电话）解析：rmation retrieval（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：信息检索）解析：39.multilingual searches（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：多语言搜索）解析：40.create an account（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：建立账户）解析：41.interactive TV（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：交互式电视(技术)）解析：42.buying leverage（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：购买杠杆）解析：43.maverick purchasing（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：个性化购买）解析：44.approval cycle/channels（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：受理周期／渠道）解析：45.value chain（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：价值链）解析：46.transaction platforms（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：交换平台）解析：47.automotive industry（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：汽车工业）解析：48.intangible benefit（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：无形利益）解析：49.business reengineering（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：业务重组）解析：50.field technician（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：实地技术人员）解析：六、英译汉(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The differences in relative growth of various areas of scientific research have several causes.【T1】Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating. Some, however, are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconception of the form scientific theory ought to take, by persons in authority, act to alter the growth pattern of different areas. This is a new problem probably not yet unavoidable; but it is a frightening trend.【T2】This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. It can be predicted, however, that from time to time questions will arise which will require specific scientific answers. It is therefore generally valuable to treat the scientific establishment as a resource or machine to be kept in functional order.【T3】This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future. This kind of support, like all government support, requires decisions about the appropriate recipients of funds. Decisions based on utility as opposed to lack of utility are straightforward. But a decision among projects none of which has immediate utility is more difficult. The goal of the supporting agencies is the praisable one of supporting "good " as opposed to "bad" science, but a valid determination is difficult to make. Generally, the idea of good science tends to become confused with the capacity of the field in question to generate an elegant theory.【T4】However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world's more fascinating anddelightful aspects. 【T5】 New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance.（分数：10.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：在这些原因中，有些完全是自然而然地来自社会需求；另一些则是由于科学在一定程度上自我加速而产生某些特定发展的必然结果。

四川省自考商务英语阅读复习

商务英语阅读复习Part I Multiple choice1. I was essentially working under your leadership.A. profoundlyB. enduringlyC. basicallyD. necessarily2. If you have food delivered to your door through online grocers, many archive your recent purchases, so you don’t have to recreate a shopping list every time you order.A. activateB. recordC. discountD. subtract3. Net links let them browse through dozens of photos of hotel rooms, check out a variety of gold necklace, or take cyber tours of scores of homes for sale.A. virtualB. actualC. viciousD. virtuous4. Traditional homes were torn down and venerable trees were uprooted for the building of the five-star hotels, which was dubbed by the municipal “the Economy-Impetus Project”.A. publicizedB. preachedC. criticizedD. named5. He unleashed a torrent of complaints about his colleague, who would flare up at the slightest provocation.A. lodgedB. releasedC. ignoredD. submitted6. The company secured $ 12.7m in second-round funding from Index Ventures and other investors.A. gainedB. curedC. segregatedD. secluded7. We were taught to reminisce the misery of the past and contrast it with the happiness of today.A. reflectB. recallC. relateD. resume8. Fail ure to ask the question of “what needs to be done?” will render even the ablest executive ineffectual.A. deduceB. makeC. considerD. reduce9. The boss of this operation was a brilliant but eccentric man.A. peculiarB. particularC. boringD. poignant10. The stock exchange is plagued by volatility and frequent rumors of trading by politically linked parties.A. anarchyB. asperityC. inflationD. instability11. We have learned to appreciate those of life’s pleasures that are not readily available in that out-of-the-way hometown.A. realizeB. valueC. acknowledgeD. belittle12. The company has fine-tuned their new-born product in the hope of getting a stronger footing in this cut-throat competition.A. adjustedB. canonizedC. disseminatedD. launched13. The sales velocity surprises even experienced real-estate players, who told me at sales inaugural that they doubted Trump would gain enough momentum.A. swiftnessB. stagnancyC. velographD. lull14. University of Virginia analyst Larry Sabato says the Democrats will also try to capitalize on Obama’s early opposition to the war in Iraq.A. count onB. take advantage ofC. boast ofD. appeal to15. Some scientists observe that most hazardous chemical, as well as radiation, notonly are harmless as low doses – but may actually do a body good.A. witnessB. honorC. declareD. obey16. The newspaper featured the story of the sensational event.A. highlightedB. avoidedC. exaggeratedD. reported17. Mr. Brown, endowed with amazing perseverance and filial piety, has accomplished great success with his inconceivable efforts.A. equippedB. coupledC. bequeathedD. embellished18. The accumulation of knowledge on the art of an individual, rather than proceeding from intermittent efforts, lies in his unremitting devotion to books and related materials.A. utilizationB. digestionC. acquisitionD. amassing19. Our attempts to surmount the Himalayas last Saturday were thwarted by the unexpected blizzard, a destructive threat to the mountaineers.A. adjournedB. hinderedC. nullifiedD. rescinded20. Each generation of towns prayed in aid some planning maxim.A. maximumB. standardC. proverbD. phrasePart II Error Identification1. The farther away you job is from manual work, the more important it will be thatA B Cyou know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking.D2. It wasn’t until the 18th century when man realized that the whole of the brainA Bwas involved in the working of the mind.C D3. All of us, without excepting for those who know more about the subject, shouldA B C Dstudy.4. In 1904, the writer was born in Berhamsted Hertfordshire, which was too a smallA B Ctown to be on the map.D5. Newer business-orienting social networking sites like LinkedIn provide similarlyA Bfertile recruiting territory, supplying access to the contracts of thousands of people.C D6. Intangible assets, ranging from a skilled workforce to patents to know-how,A Baccount half of the market capitalization of America’s public companies.C D7. As election approaches members are very impatient to networking their fences –A B Cthat is to make preparations for a re-nomination.D8. The boy cannot seem to do anywhere but dream about what it would be likeA Bto drive that new racing-care.C D9. She failed mentioning that the men were always conscious of the dangersA Binvolved and that the women were saddened by the breaking of home ties.C D10. It is her usual working style – deliberate in counsel, prompt in action that hasA B convinced us that she should take in important missionsC D11. For the past five years relations between the two neighboring countries hadn’tA B Camount to much.D12. However, due to his deteriorating health, the doctor has had to order him toA B Cabstain cigar and beer.D13. As he had heart attack, he was told that he needn’t continue the work.A B C D14. Not until I began to work, didn’t I realize how much time I had wasted.A B C D15. Oracle has acquired the other three vendors, and plans to replace all of theirA Bsoftware with integrated versions that won’t be compatible to older versions.C D16. It contradicts the idea which carcinogenic chemicals pose risk at any dose, noA B Cmatter how low.D17. I spent all my savings, due to the unexpected disaster, so I had to ask for a rise soA B C that I could bail it off.D18. John was really lucky that he picked a winning number in the lottery on the firstA Bdraw, while I tried three times for no avail.C D19. It is her usual working style – deliberate in counsel, prompt in action that hasA B convinced us that she should take in important missionsC D20. She failed mentioning that the men were always conscious of the dangersA Binvolved and that the women were saddened by the breaking of home ties.C DPart III Reading ComprehensionPassage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.When doing business in Japan, it is essential that you should have sufficiently deep specialist knowledge of the product you are trying to sell, and be able to answer all the questions that a Japanese person may put to you. One often finds that people such as dealers and traders who have not themselves produced the goods lack sufficient knowledge of their merchandise. As in such a case you will have been requested by a maker to market their products, you should make sure beforehand that you have acquired sufficient knowledge of the product. It is not acceptable in Japan to say that you will get back to someone after checking with the manufacturer about something.Products suitable for a miscellany of uses but nothing in particular will not sell well in the Japanese market just because they are made from materials that are particularly unique to your country. You should instead adopt a more conservative approach and suggest only a limited number of suitable uses. That way, the product will have scarcity value.You should not think that all the materials used in your own country can be used and will sell in Japan. Coconut fiber and coconut dust, for example, are too unusual to sell well. Demand for such products really only exists among mattress manufacturers. Flowerpot holders and other things made from such materials are sold in Japan as finished products.Never forget that Japan has four seasons, and that products should be made to suit these seasons. A certain Japanese company imported a ballpoint pen from a country in Asia where it is summer all year round. In Japan, however, the ink leaks in the summer and will not run in the winter, making it impossible to write. The company as a result received nothing but complaints. It is just one example of a product that works perfectly well in its country of origin, but is defective when exposed to the four seasons of Japan.Japan still has a few import tariff quotas that you should be aware of. In the case of products affected by import quotas, such as seaweed, leather shoes, ground fish meat etc., companies are not allowed to import unless they have previously applied for an import quota by the government. In the case of tariff quotas, imports up to a certain amount are subject to a low tariff, which is then approximately doubled when this total is exceeded. Products affected by tariff quotas include natural cheese and canned pineapple. Always keep in touch with your importer in Japan so that you do not suddenly find that your products can no longer be imported or are subject to hugely increased tariffs.1. To sell products in Japan, a trader should know his merchandise well because .A. He is supposed to answer all the questions about the product if askedB. it is impossible for him to go back to ask the manufacturerC. he will be requested to market the productD. generally a trader must be knowledgeable2. According to the passage, a product will have value in Japan if it .A. can not serve many purposesB.has a particular useC. is in short supplyD.is not very expensive3. It is implied in the passage that .A. New and extraordinary products sell well on the Japanese marketB. Japanese consumers tend to be conservativeC. In the summer it is exceptionally hot in JapanD. Food is especially subject to a high tariff4. The example of the ballpoint shows that .A. Certain products from some countries in Asia may not sell well in JapanB. Four seasons of Japan make it difficult to write with a ballpointC. products should be adapted to different situationsD. companies selling ballpoints in Japan received only complaints5. Keeping in touch with an importer in Japan can .A. find your products no longer be imported or are subject to hugely increased tariffsB. Help you apply for an import quota to the governmentC. create opportunities to cut tariffs on your productsD. Keep you well informed about Japan’s import ta riff quotasPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.A religious campaign to block the teaching of evolutionary biology is taking a strong grip on the United States. A survey published in Scientific American shows that the doctrine of creationism – which holds that the origins of humanity and the Earth are recent and were created by God –is spreading in the world’s greatest technological nation at surprising rate. Ridiculous is the fact that more and more states are restricting the teaching of evolution in schools.The journal says that a 45% Americans now believe that God created life some time in the past 10,000 years, despite research that has established the universe as being 13 billion years old and that men and women are descended from apelike ancestors. Even among US Catholics, 40% still insist God created human life a few thousand years ago – even though the Pope said in 1996 that he was not against the theory of evolution.“At the time, newspapers in Mississippi wrote that this proved the Pope was too old and should be ignored,”said Amanda Chesworth, head of the anti-creationist Darwin Day group. “Creationism is spreading further and further. It now has missionaries across the world and even has bases in Russia and Turkey.”In 1990, Kansas board of education voted to block mention of Darwin in its schools, but members were voted out and their anti-evolution policy was reversed.But creationists have quietly achieved victories in schools in northern states such as Illinois, Ohio and Wisconsin. Ohio is considering banning evolution teaching, and even New York and Massachusetts are turning against evolution.Scientific American believes that the content of textbooks and lesson plans in schools is already being affected by creationism. Ms. Chesworth agrees. She said that the United States went from the earth to the Moon a few years ago, and discovered these worlds date back billions of years. Now this nation is sticking its head in the sand, saying that the whole lot was made in a flash a few thousands of years ago. Those creationists even argue that dinosaurs and humans co-existed. Ms. Chesworth regards this development as unhealthy.6. The passage is mainly concerned with ______.A. the increasing influence of creationism in U.S. schools.B. evolutionists’ defeating creationistsC. confrontation between evolutionists and creationists.D. peaceful co-existence of evolutionists and creationists.7. What is the Pope’s attitude towards the theory of evolution?A. He is too old to judge it.B. He is firmly against it.C. He tolerates it.D. He leaves that mater to his successor.8. What was the final result of the Scopes trial?A. Tennessee’s supreme court corrected its own mistake.B. Scopes achieve an out-of-court settlement.C. Scopes was fined $ 100.D. The final ruling was in Scopes’ favor.9. Scientific American has observed that ______.A. creationists have quietly retreated from schools in northern states.B. creationism has had its impact on school educationC. Ms. Chesworth’s judgment is incorrect.D. the world’s greatest technological nation rejects creationism.10. From the passage we can feel that the writer ______.A. reports that situation of creationism and evolutionism objectivelyB. is sad about the rapid popularity of the doctrine of evolutionismC. is worried about the rapid spread of the doctrine of creationismD. supports creationists although not very stronglyPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Personnel is the most important factor in the hotel and catering business. The quality of the product is largely defined by the quality of the personnel. It is one of the most important management tasks to employ people in such a way that the goals of the company are reached optimally. On the one hand this means that a lot of attention has to be paid to the acquisition of good personnel (personnel management) and on the other hand that the way the employees are stimulated to work (the style of management) has to be a conscious choice. To be a good manager one has to know how to motivate employees, in other words, which needs and aims do the employees have. People work to meet their physical and psychological needs and avoid matters that frustrate their needs. For one employee this means earning a lot of money, for another many contacts with people of varied work. Every employee will show the conduct with which he can reach his aim and satisfy his needs. When somebody starts to work in a company the first thing he is interested in is the company and his position in it as far as it helps him to reach own aims. To involve people in the company, the company plan and the company aims, the manager has to show them the link between reaching their own aim and aspiring to the company’s aim.11. What do you think is the key element in the hotel business?A. The hotel location .B. The hotel market.C. The hotel products.D. The hotel personnel.12. The most important task of the hotel management is _____.A. to manage well the employees to realize the company’s goalB. to manage well the capitalC. to manage well the establishmentD. to manage well the guests.13. Motivation means _____.A. giving more money to the staffB. providing a good environmentC. learning and satisfying the desire of the staffD. sending the staff to play or travel14. What does a new staff care when he begins his work?A. His working conditionsB. His job positions.C. His salary.D. His company and his positions15. From the scheme, we can understand _____.A. the employee’s needsB. the management methodC. the company’s aimD. the employee’s aimPassage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Every organization has internal a nd external customer. Internal customers are an organization’s employees and it is important that they put the same focus on customer care in their interaction with each other as they would with external customers. For example, when I contact the accounts department or service desk at Sunrise, I expect to be treated as a customer. Similarly, when employees contact me I aim to treat them as customers and apply the same principles to them as I would to external customers such as business partners and suppliers. If employees do not feel that they are being valued and treated with respect, this can have a massive impact on the success of the organization. Similarly, if a supplier is treated badly it will soon get back to an organization’s customers, which will damage the reputation of the organization. In short, a customer is anyone who can affect my business in anyway.Both internal and external customers who are happy with the service they are receiving will recommend the organization to others. They are also likely to have a certain degree of loyalty and satisfaction with the company, which would prevent them from going to a competitor. Everybody has heard terrible tales of poor customer service and the expression “repetitions of a wrong piece of information would sound believable” could not be truer.But it is worse than that, poor customer service means a poor reputation, which organizations cannot afford to have. And in the current climate, greater choice means that service levels have to be even higher to retain customers. Potential and existing customers can easily go to a competitor with a good reputation and they certainly do not have to tolerate bad service. It is worth bearing in mind that good or bad it is the customers’ perception that counts!We all know how frustrating it is to ring up an organization with a query(疑问）and for it to take forever to have it resolved. It is particularly annoying for existing customers who are paying for a service. It is crucial that organizations keep customers updated on how near their query or complaint is to being resolved. Companies that cut costs in the short term and sacrifice “excellent” customer care as a result will soon realize that they will lose out financially in the long term. Customers who do not feel valued and cannot get the answers they require will soon take their business elsewhere.16. The employees of a company should be regarded as customers, because .A. the author prefers to be treated as a customer in his own companyB. it will have a good effect on businessC. they will resign and go back to an organization’s customerD. their external customers will learn the fact and damage the reputation of the organization17. Internal and external customers are both important, because of all the following reasons EXCEPT .A. Both of them will recommend the company to other peopleB. Both of them tend to develop a kind of loyalty to the organization they likeC. Both of them are difficult to satisfyD. Both of them have a desire to be valued and respected18. The underlined word “retain” in Paragraph 2 possibly means .A. keepB. trainC. attractD. abandon19. According to Paragraph 3, it is of utmost importance for the company to .A. answer customers’ queries and resolve them immediatelyB. avoid annoying their customers by claiming payment for the serviceC. keep their customer service excellent and modernD. Keep the customers informed of the possible solutions to their queries20. What can you infer from the passage?A. Excellent customer service can help cut costs.B. External customers are more important than internal customers.C. Customers’ perception counts more money than their satisfaction and loyalty.D. The supreme principle for customer care is to make customers feel valued.Passage 5Questions 21to 25 are based on the following passage.Film is a medium that might have been especially made for America, a vast country which, by the beginning of the twentieth century, had a large immigrant population, many of whom could hardly speak English. These people would have had little use for the theatre, even if they lived within easy distance of one, or for most of the books they could all understand, so what America had more than any European country was a huge captive audience, a large proportion of them pretty well uneducated. And what these people wanted were simple stories in which, irrespective of the fact they couldn’t understand the captions, the action told all.In feeding the growing demand for screen entertainment, America was greatly helped by the First World War, Between 1914 and 1918 the making of films was not exactly high on the list of any European country’s priorities. Films continued to be made but not to the same extent as before, and to fill the gap in foreign imports, America had to increase its own production. By the end of the decade, with Hollywood now firmly established as the centre of the industry, America was well on its way to monopolizing the world market.But if by the beginning of the 1920s America wsx the world leader in film production, it was not then nor has it been since in the lead when it comes to developing film as an art form. Hollywood is not interested in aret; it is interested in money and the two rarely go together. To Hollywood, film is, and really always has been, an industry. There is nothing about this attitude that should make us look down on it. The maker of decent, serviceableand mass-produced furniture is not to be looked down on because he isn’t Chippendale (一种18世纪英国华丽装饰家具). You might wish he were, but that is another matter. So Hollywood quickly recognized film as an entertainment medium with a unique ability to put people onto seats and money in the pockets of producers, distributors and cinema managers and, mostly, left it to other countries to develop its potential as an art form. Passage 3Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Population pressures have always shaped human history. The connections are not always obvious, however, because they may be quite slow-acting. Consider how construction of the Great Wall of China ultimately led to the sack of Rome.In the third century B.C., a civilization of nomadic warriors flourished in Mongolia. The Chinese called these people Hsiang-Nu, but in the west, they became known as the Huns. As their population increased, the Huns gradually moved south, and began to attack China.The Chinese responded by building the Great Wall. The Huns continued to attack around the Wall, and theChinese ultimately had to extend their defenses. They captured and strengthened the Tarim Basin all the way to foothills of the Pamir Mountains. Unable to penetrate this barrier, the Huns were forced west into Central Asia.A few centuries later, another group of nomadic warriors arose in Mongolia. The Chinese called these people the Juan-Juan, but modern historians call them the Avars. The Avars also attacked south, were unable to penetrate the Great Wall, and were forced west.In Central Asia, the Avars collided with the Huns. The Avars, with a major technological advantage defeated the Huns and drove them further west. At the Dniester River, the Huns collided with the Goths, who were being held out of the Roman Empire by a combination of treaties, bribes, and Roman Legions. When the Huns fell on the Goths, they killed them in great numbers, and drove the survivors across the river into Roman territory.Once the Goths had penetrated the Empire, they found it an empty shell. They smashed through southern Europe, crushed the remaining Roman Legions, and sacked the capital in 410 C.D.26.According to the passage, the Huns invaded China mostly as the result of .A. food scarcityB. Their natureC. Population pressureD. China’s backwardnes s27. The Great Wall was built because .A. the Chinese replied to the Huns on the Great WallB. the Chinese wanted to prevent the enemies from entering ChinaC. the Great Wall was the symbol of ancient civilizationD. the Great Wall was built to separate China from Mongolia28. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The sack of Rome by the Goths.B. The collision between the Goths and the Huns.C. The collision between the Huns and Avars.D. The collision between the Goths and the Avars.29. According to the passage, what happened at the Dniester River?A. The Huns defeated the Goths.B. The Huns entered Rome along with the Goths.C. The Goths were kept there by the Huns.D. The Avars entered Rome after the victory.30. Which of the following may best summarize the passage?A. The Huns population growth ultimately led to the sack of Rome by the Goths.B. The Great Wall worked as the evidence of the Huns’ attack on China.C. The Goths sacked the Roman Empire as the result of the defeat by the Huns.D. Both Huns and the Avars invaded China because nomadic warriors flourished in Mongolia.Part IV Term TranslationA. English to Chinese1. the council of Economic Advisers2. mathematical economics3. apparel company4. career counseling5. training budget6. bull market7. word processing8. gross profit9. public relations firm10. mobile devicesB. Chinese to English1. 财务部门2. 风险投资公司3. 市场研究员4. 管理基金5. 消费者调查6. 投资周期7. 股票经纪人8. 搜索引擎9. 库存10. 价格弹性Part V Sentence translationA. English to Chinese1. I t’s the kind of innovation we’ve come to expect from the likes of Yahoo and Google.2. A wise man does not fight when the odds are against him.3. In the age of customers empowered by blogs and social media, Dell has leapt from worst to first.4. They claim true happiness comes more in the striving to fulfill desires than in the attainment.5. To illustrate this, we assume that a corporation had 10 shares of common stock outstanding at the beginning of the year.6. What was John doing out there, and in partnership with people who had failed on his own hands?7. If the prize is an increase in levels of commitment right across the workforce, then the answer is yes.8. Its latest development is a series of time-limited offers from other online merchants after the conclusion of a purchase.9. V oting as a group made it more difficult to be panicked into selling when prices fell or selling when prices shot up.10. He wouldn’t be able to make the sale until he could give the advertiser a solid number.B. Chinese to English1. 你要是做那件事，必将以耻辱告终。

2022年自考专业(电子商务)电子商务英语考试真题及答案9

2022年自考专业(电子商务)电子商务英语考试真题及答案一、词汇和语法(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)依据句子的意思选择一个正确的答案，请将其代码填涂在“答题纸”相应的位置上。

错涂、多涂或未涂均无分。

1、All the hotels are filled to ______.A.capacityB.strengthC.possibilityD.length2、From 1987 through 2022, about 700,000 new homes were sold in a/an______ year.A.regularB.normalC.averageual3、He was ______ Number Three in the inner circle of the Government.A.classifiedB.gradedD.leveled4、They were about to fight when their father ______.A.invadedB.participatedC.joinedD.intervened5、Time is limited. Please introduce to us the progress of your work ______.A.slowlyB.clearlyC.conciselypletely6、Although they were all worried about his safety, he insisted ______going there together with us.A.toB.onC.atD.for7、I’ll ask Mr. Smith to ring you up ______he comes back to the office.A.whenC.becauseD.although8、They regard ______as their duty to provide the best service for their customers.A.thisB.whatC.itD.that9、Not until the day before yesterday ______to give a speech at the meeting.A.he agreedB.does he agreeC.he agreesD.did he agree10、______up at the clock on the wall, the secretary found it was already midnight.A.LookingB.LookC.To lookD.Looked二、阅读理解 (本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分)阅读下面的短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，请将其代码填涂在“答题纸”相应的位置上。

自考商务英语试题及答案

自考商务英语试题及答案商务英语自考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. In international business, what does "FOB" stand for?A. Free on BoardB. Freight on BoardC. Friend of BusinessD. Full of Benefits答案：A. Free on Board2. Which of the following is not a typical form of business negotiation?A. Face-to-faceB. EmailC. TelephoneD. Telepathy答案：D. Telepathy3. The term "B2B" refers to:A. Business to BusinessB. Business to ConsumerC. Business to GovernmentD. Business Travel Bureau答案：A. Business to Business4. What is the primary purpose of a SWOT analysis in business?A. To identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threatsB. To analyze financial statementsC. To conduct market researchD. To create a business plan答案：A. To identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats5. In business English, "PIE" can stand for:A. Product, Investment, ExpenseB. Price, Income, ExpenseC. Product, Income, ExpenseD. Profit, Investment, Expense答案：C. Product, Income, Expense6. The phrase "due diligence" in a business context usually refers to:A. The process of investigating a company before acquiring itB. The process of paying bills on timeC. The process of conducting a financial auditD. The process of performing a market survey答案：A. The process of investigating a company before acquiring it7. Which of the following is a common method of payment ininternational trade?A. Cash on Delivery (COD)B. Letter of Credit (LC)C. BarterD. All of the above答案：D. All of the above8. A "sole proprietorship" is a type of business structure where:A. There is only one owner who is fully responsible for the businessB. The business is owned and operated by a married coupleC. The business is a partnership with two or more individualsD. The business is a corporation with shareholders答案：A. There is only one owner who is fully responsible for the business9. "EBITDA" stands for:A. Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and AmortizationB. Economic Business Income, Taxes, Depreciation, and AmortizationC. Employee Benefits Including Taxes, Depreciation, and AmortizationD. Equity Before Interest, Taxes, and Depreciation, and Amortization答案：A. Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation,and Amortization10. The "4Ps" of marketing refer to:A. Product, Price, Place, PromotionB. People, Process, Physical evidence, PerformanceC. Planning, Positioning, Pricing, ProductD. Product, Price, Placement, Partnership答案：A. Product, Price, Place, Promotion二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. The international business term "CIF" stands for_______________________.答案：Cost, Insurance, and Freight12. A(n) _________________ is a document that provides evidence of the terms of a shipment and serves as a contract between the seller and the buyer.答案：Bill of Lading13. In business, "ROI" refers to _________________________.答案：Return on Investment14. The process of systematically gathering and analyzing information about a market is known as _________________.答案：Market Research15. A "joint venture" is a business arrangement in which_________________________.答案：Two or more businesses agree to pool their resources for a specific project16. The term "venture capital" refers to funds that are available for investment in new or struggling businesses, with the expectation of _________________________.答案：High returns in the form of equity or debt17. A "trade deficit" occurs when a country's_________________________ is greater than its exports.答案：Imports18. "GDP" stands for _________________________.答案：Gross Domestic Product19. In business, "DPO" can stand for_________________________.答案：Days Payable Outstanding20. A "franchise" is a type of business where the owner receives the right to operate a business that is part of a larger network, in exchange for a fee and the agreement to follow certain _________________________.答案：Operating procedures and standards。

全国自考(电子商务英语)真题试题及答案解析(一)

全国自考（电子商务英语）真题试题及答案解析(一)一、单选题（共20题，共40分）1.His wife, to whom he __________ for thirty years, was childless.A.has marriedB.has been marriedC.had marriedD.had been marriedABCD正确答案：D2.They are __________ a mass production movement.A.firingunchingC.introducingD.presentingABCD正确答案：B3.Professor Tate __________ about him.A.heard the students to talkB.heard the talk by the studentsC.heard the students talkingD.heard the students to talkingABCD正确答案：C4.__________ some of the suggestions prove of value to you as well?A.CouldB.CanC.MightD.MayABCD正确答案：D5.The research pro ject has only been under way for three months, so it ’too s early to _______its success.A.figureB.considerC.rateD.evaluateABCD正确答案：D6.What do you think of his motion that we __________ a play at the English evening?A.should put onB.shall put onC.would put onD.will have put onABCD正确答案：A7.We can visit your company on Monday or Tuesday, our plans are fairly __________.A.flexibleB.elasticC.supplepliantABCD正确答案：A8.Nothing can stop us now, __________?A.can ’t itB.can itC.could itD.does itABCD正确答案：B9.All of my efforts to__________ peace failed.A.reserveB.conserveC.persistD.preserveABCD正确答案：D10.I was greatly shocked by the way __________ things were done there.A.howB.thatC.asD.whichABCD正确答案：A11.There is a(n) __________ between logic and metaphysics.A.bargainB.treatypactD.allianceABCD正确答案：D12.Neither of the drivers who are being held by the police__________ whom to blame for his trouble.A.knowB.knowsC.to knowD.have knownABCD正确答案：B13.All citizens in this nation are__________ to the law.A.subjectB.objectC.exposedD.dependentABCD正确答案：A14.I made up my mind that under no circumstances__________ to such principle.A.couldn ’t I agreeB.I couldn ’t agreeC.I could agreeD.could I agreeABCD正确答案：D15.Einstein ’s new theory on optics changed__________ scientific idea about light.A.technicalB.originalC.classicalD.mechanicalABCD正确答案：C16.The time has come for the company to __________ after years of rapid expansion.A.consistB.considerC.consolidatebineABCD正确答案：C17.__________ were naturally a musical family .A.A ShawB.The ShawsC.The ShawD.ShawsABCD正确答案：B18.Nothing can __________ being unkind to children.A.adjustB.reasonC.justifyD.reassureABCD正确答案：C19.That kind of shoes are __________ expensive for me.A.moreB.far moreC.far tooD.muchABCD正确答案：C20.Next time I __________ there, I ’ll ask them about it.A.will goB.have goneC.am goingD.goABCD正确答案：D二、填空题（共16题，共40分）21.收入;岁入n. r_______________正确答案：revenue22.闯入;侵扰v. i_______________正确答案：Intrude23.承担责任的adj. r_______________正确答案：Responsible24.繁荣n. p_______________正确答案：prosperity25.证实，确认v. c_______________正确答案：confirm26.持续的adj. c_______________正确答案：Consistent27.按顾客要求制做v. c_______________正确答案：Customize28.交易;事务;处理n. t_______________正确答案：transaction29.发票;发货单n. i_______________正确答案：invoice30.视力;洞察力n. v_______________正确答案：vision31.流行;货币n. c______________正确答案：Currency32.必要的;基本的adj.要素，要点n. e_______________正确答案：essential33.领土;领域，范围n. d_______________正确答案：Domain34.预言，预报n . p_______________正确答案：predict35.口令;密码n. p_______________正确答案：password36.完型填空(本大题共10 小题，每小题 1 分，共10 分)从选项中选择一个最适合短文的选项，错选、多选或未选均无分。

商务英语自考试题及答案

商务英语自考试题及答案**商务英语自考试题及答案**一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is the correct way to address a business letter in English?A. Dear Mr. SmithB. Dear SirC. To Whom It May ConcernD. Hi John答案：A2. The term "B2B" stands for:A. Business to BusinessB. Business to ConsumerC. Consumer to ConsumerD. Business to Government答案：A3. In a business meeting, it is important to:A. Speak loudly to make yourself heardB. Interrupt others to express your opinionsC. Use clear and concise languageD. Dominate the conversation答案：C4. What is the purpose of a SWOT analysis in business?A. To identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threatsB. To evaluate the financial performance of a companyC. To determine the market share of a productD. To assess the environmental impact of a business答案：A5. Which of the following is not a function of a marketing department?A. Product developmentB. Market researchC. AdvertisingD. Sales答案：A6. The abbreviation "ROI" in business refers to:A. Return on InvestmentB. Return on ImportanceC. Risk of InvestmentD. Rate of Increase答案：A7. In international business, "FOB" stands for:A. Free on BoardB. Full of BenefitsC. Forward on BoardD. Free of Charge答案：A8. What is the primary goal of a business proposal?A. To sell a product or serviceB. To ask for a donationC. To request a meetingD. To provide a company overview答案：A9. Which of the following is not a type of business communication?A. MemosB. EmailsC. LettersD. Novels答案：D10. In business, "due diligence" refers to:A. The process of verifying all facts in a business dealB. The process of paying bills on timeC. The process of hiring new employeesD. The process of closing a business deal答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. When writing a business report, it is important to maintain a _______ tone and use _______ language.答案：formal, precise2. The _______ of a product refers to its ability to meet the needs of the target market.答案：utility3. A _______ is a formal document that outlines the terms and conditions of a business agreement.答案：contract4. In business, "P/L" stands for _______.答案：Profit and Loss5. A _______ is a type of financial statement that shows a company's financial position at a specific point in time.答案：balance sheet6. The _______ is the process of identifying and understanding the needs and wants of customers.答案：market research7. A _______ is a type of business structure where the owner is personally liable for all business debts.答案：sole proprietorship8. In business, "EBITDA" stands for _______.答案：Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization9. A _______ is a document that outlines the financial goals and strategies of a business.答案：business plan10. The _______ is the process of identifying, analyzing, and responding to changes in the external environment that affect a business.答案：environmental scanning三、阅读理解题（每题5分，共30分）阅读以下商务英语短文，并回答问题。

2017年1月05439商务英语阅读试题和答案

2017年1月广东省高等教育自学考试商务英语阅读试题（课程代码 05439）I. Translate the following words or phrases into Chinese (10%)1. fiscal year2. mortgage bond3. cover letter4. job opening5. price discrimination6. modes of conduct7. legal tender 8. consumer preferences9. inflation 10. discount couponⅡ. Translate the following words or phrases Into English (10%)11．控股公司 12．账面利润 13．上市公司14．商业银行 15．流动资金 16．国有银行17．资金注入 18．货币贬值 19．提货单 20. 运营费用Ⅲ. Choose the best answer to fill in the blanks (10%)21. A______ is a letter tailored to a specific company explaining why you are the best candidate for a particular job.A. reference letterB. recommendation letterC. self-introduction letterD. cover letter22. If competitors get together to raise or lower prices, this act is_________.A. price discriminationB. deceptive pricingC. resale price maintenanceD. price fixing23. A (n) _________ is an accounting statement that shows a firm’s status on the last day of an accounting period.A. income statementB. net income sheetC. balance sheetD. income sheet24. On a loan that is legal, the courts will allow a lender to collect only his principal when_____.A. there is no fixed interest rateB. the interest rate is very lowC. the borrower can’t pay the interestD. the lender demands an interest more than the state law allows25. The insurance companies base their costs on _________.A. the pool of people sharing the riskB. the cost each member of the pool paysC. the theory of probabilityD. past experience26. Owners of_________ have rights to vote for directors at the annual meeting of the corporation and to share any profits or losses.A. preferred stocksB. deferred stocksC. stock certificatesD. common stocks27. _________is reached when the money from the sales of a product equals the total costs and expenses involved in producing and marketing it.A. The selling pointB. The ultimate pointC. The break-even pointD. The final goal28. Now more and more women go shopping with an incomplete shopping list or without list at all. It is mainly because _________.A. it is troublesome to make a complete shopping listB. there are too many kinds of merchandise for them to choose fromC. merchandise is usually displayed on open shelves, which will remind them of the items theywant to buyD. without a shopping list, they are free to buy whatever they want to buy29. When one buys a fund, the most important thing for him to do is_________.A. to read the fund’s prospectus carefullyB. to fill out some formsC. to pay a sales commission called “load”D. to match his personal objective with that of the fund30. For a company, the strength of publicity is _________.A. being flexibleB. reaching a larger number of audiencesC. avoiding media costsD. saving preparation timePart Ⅱ. Reading ComprehensionIV. In this part, there are some reading passages followed by 15 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best one according to your understanding (30%)Passage 1Parker Pen’s Globalization StrategyWhen Parker Pen Company decided to launch a global marketing strategy 20 years ago, some observers were puzzled. Although Parker’s name was well-known, the Wisconsin-based company brought limited resources to the task. Annual sales of Parker writing instruments had never exceeded $225 million, and the company had never budgeted more than $20 million a year for advertising. Still, Parker’s high-quality products were sold in 154 countries, and its marketingexecutives were eager to design and implement a global strategy for Parker Pen. In their view, cultural and competitive similarities would be more important than differences, meaning that the same product could be sold the same way in many different markets, and with much lower marketing costs. They believed, in short, that Parker Pen would provide a classic test of global marketing theory.Parker’s then president, James Peterson, also believed that global marketing would be crucial to the survival of the faltering company. The company’s weaknesses had been obscured for years by strong overseas sales and a weak U. S. dollar. At home, not only were competitors introducing mass-marketed, disposal pens, but even as Parker attempted to guard its reputation for quality, the company was losing its share of the domestic expensive-pen market to A. T. Cross Company and Sheaffer Eaton. Furthermore, Parker’s manufacturing process was inefficient. New-product development had been neglected, and advertising worldwide, which had been left to local marketers, was handled by more than forty different agencies. Profits were plunging, and most of the profits were generated by Manpower Temporary Services, a subsidiary of Parker Pen.Peterson’s first move was to streamline Parker’s operations by cutting the payroll by half, reducing the product line from 500 different writing instruments to 100, and spending $20 million to upgrade Parker’s manufacturing facilities. Then Peterson and his marketing team embarked on a two-pronged program with far-reaching consequences. They began production of cheap pens that could compete in the under- $3 market, and they standardized everything associated with Parker products under a “global umbrella”. From then on, all packaging and point-of-sale display materials would use the same striking block motif. The advertising budget would be centralized, and one advertising agency would handle accounts worldwide. A single theme-“Make your mark with a Parker”-would be used for all products and in all markets, and advertisements would feature the same graphics, photography, and typefaces; only the languages of the copy would vary. In addition, advertising would spotlight Parker’s new, inexpensive products instead of the quality pens that were the company’s trademark.These two decisions-to produce cheap pens and to use a uniform marketing strategy for all Parker products-were eventually considered major blunders by many inside Parker Pen. Long-time Parker Pen employees objected that the lower-quality pens ran counter to Parker’s carefully nurtured status image. Parker’s European manager argued that advertising should take into account the differences among markets.However, Parker’s new management insisted that the company’s future lay in high-tech. High-volume production of cheap pens for a global market, and implementation of new strategy proceeded. At first, sales of the new roller-ball pen and other writing instruments increased. Then, just as demand was picking up, the automated production line began to shut down repeatedly. Parker employees were forced to return to the assembly lines to take over for the malfunctioningsystems. The defect rate soared, and before the problems were resolved, the marketing division set aside strategies and forecasts and sold whatever products were available.A few months later, the global advertising campaign was launched. In accordance with the “one product, one market” policy, advertisements for different markets had identical layout, illustrations, and text; only the languages in which they were written were different. Because the theme was so general, the advertisements appealed to no one in particular, especially not to those buyers who viewed writing instruments as status symbols. Resentment against the global marketing strategy mounted within the company, and when the failure of the advertising campaign could no longer be ignored, Peterson resigned, followed by his hand-picked marketing executives. The pen business suffered a $500,000 loss and was purchased in 1986 by a group of Parker’s international managers and a British venture capital company.Now based in Newhaven, England, Parker Pen Ltd. is a profitable company, with 2000 pretax profits of 8 million. Although the reorganized firm used the now-functioning Wisconsin plant and owes some of its success to the greater operating efficiency the former management brought about, the new owners have instituted several policies of their own. Parker’s inexpensive pens receive less emphasis in advertising, and plans to produce disposable pens were dropped. The company is working to restore its reputation for quality and reliability. It intends to add perceived value, rather than volume, to its products. In addition, except for the marketing of the company’s Duofold Centennial model, a $312 18-carat goldnib fountain pen targeted to a tiny market segment, global advertising has been abandoned.31. Before the practice of its global marketing strategy, Parker Pen Company _________.A. was an international company with an increasingly large market shareB. had not been doing well and was at a critical momentC. had been eager to push up sales in the international marketD. enjoyed satisfactory sale performances and was ready for the new move32. What problem did Peterson fail to address in his two moves?A. Inadequate manufacturing facilitiesB. Specialized product rangeC. Employment of various advertising agenciesD. Neglect of quality product development33. Parker Pen’s top management insisted on producing lower-quality pens because________.A. they found quality pens did not sell as cheap onesB. they believed cheap pens would be more popular in the global marketC. they deemed quality pens responsible for the company’s declining market shareD. they found it more profitable to produce cheap pens34. We can learn from the passage that the global advertising campaign ________.A. was a moderate successB. was a total failureC. met with strong resistance from the company’s long-time employeesD. resulted in the company’s mergence with an American business35. Which of the following can NOT account for Peterson’s decision?A. He and his management were confident of the success of their new strategy.B. He intended to adopt a new strategy to help the company to prosper.C. He was eager to help the company to break free from its troubles.D. He failed to take timing into consideration.Passage 2Famous AmosToday, most of us recognize Wally “Famous”Amos, the man who gave his name to the original gourmet cookie. The company founded by Amos has achieved nationwide distribution of several flavors of its cookies in stores and has scattered retail stores world-wide, with franchises in Japan, Australia, and Canada, as well as the United States.In 1988, Wally Amos was just another talent agent trying to succeed in Hollywood. However, he soon developed another calling. Friends told him that the cookies he made were so good that he should sell them, and eventually Amos took their advice. Some of these friends backed up their advice by investing $25,000 in his venture, the Famous Amos Chocolate Chip Cookie Company, and the world’s first gourmet cookie shop opened in 1988. It was an instant success.News of Famous Amos spread by word of mouth, and in a classic example of great demand, consumers would walk into stores and ask the owners why they did not stock Famous Amos cookies. The company relied solely on this informal sort of marketing for its first five years.When Amos started his company, he had made no plans for such growth. His first retail “hot bake” shop appeared to be earning a profit and, after all, in his words, “All I wanted to do was make a living.” Consumer demand grew and requests began to pour in from other areas, but Amos did not have the funds to expand his cookie shop concept into a chain. He also wanted to avoid the risk of expanding through borrowing funds. Then the idea struck him just as it had McDonald’s Ray Kroc 30 years earlier: franchising. The firm distributed its frozen dough directly to the franchised “hot bake” shops located in suburban shopping centers and downtown walk-in locations.Amos also used other distribution alternatives to set the cookies into supermarkets, convenience outlets, “mom-and-pop”stores, and gift shops that make up the Famous Amos market, by contracting with an independent wholesale distributor. This distribution channel saved the company the cost of starting its own network, while giving it access to an already established distribution system, without which the young company might have failed. Even though many storeowners were unhappy about doing business with products offering such a low markup, consumer demand was so strong that retailer complaints soon fell to a trickle and distribution became more widespread.Famous Amos tailored its cookies to its markets. Frozen dough was shipped directly to the firm’s franchised “hot bake” shops. For supermarkets, it offered several different sizes of cookies, and set up racks for the packages in the fresh baked goods section, rather than on the cookie shelf. For convenience stores, one-and-two-ounce bags were created to save and to encourage impulse sales. It now makes several flavors of cookies (oatmeal-based cookies are the nation’s best sellers).Demand was created in part by the cookie’s taste. The gourmet cookie shop concept was entirely novel, and to outlast the novelty, Famous Amos cookies had to be good. But while consumers like the taste of the cookies (a recent Consumer Report’s test rated famous Amos’s chocolate chip cookies one of the best-tasting brands available), much of the success of FamousAmos is based on effective person marketing. Wally Amos’s winning grin gleams from each package of Famous Amos cookies, and his presence seems to give the cookies an identity that its competitors lack.John Rosica, a public relations executive with the company, called Wally “a perpetual promotion”. In recognition of his role in the company’s success, the Smithsonian’s collection of Advertising History includes his Panama hat and brightly patterned Indian gauze shirt.By the late I 990s, interest in the gourmet cookie had waned so that only a few locations could support bake shops devoted exclusively to cookies. Famous Amos decided to change its placement from gourmet cookie to high-quality family cookie. Package sizes were changed from 21/2-, 7-, and 16- ounce packages to 12-ounce size for wholesale distribution to grocery store outlets and a 30-ounce size for food-club stores. A 2-ounce package was also developed to be sold through vending machines. As of 2002, there were only a few bake shop franchises operating 15 stores, and Famous Amos was restricting itself to making finished cookies.Even though Amos sold his ownership interest in the firm in 1998, Famous Amos continued to rely solely on promotions that feature Wally. Among the most successful promotions have been its efforts at cause marketing. The company worked in conjunction with literacy councils in several American cities, having stores contribute a percentage of profits to literacy programs. Such promotions resulted in greatly increased sales, including a 38 percent sales jump in Philadelphia.36. Wally Amos is __________.A. the man who once a successful figure in HollywoodB. the man who originated the idea of gourmet cookieC. the man who had a cookie store in the United StatesD. the man who originated the idea of franchise operation37. Initially, Wally Amos started his business__________.A. to satisfy his interest in baking cookiesB. to build a chain of cookie shops eventuallyC. to help him make a livingD. to become a famous businessman38. Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why Wally Amos’s company succeeds?A. Wide channels of distribution of its cookies.B. Adaptation of its cookies to different markets.C. Uniform taste of its cookies sold at all its outlets.D. Effective person marketing.39. In the development of the company, Wally Amos’s most important role is __________.A. using his image to promote the company’s cookiesB. using his influence to open more channels of distributionC. using his relationship to get more government fundsD. using his experience to develop different tastes of cookies40. What remained the same after Wally Amos sold his ownership interest in the company?A. Its management staff.B. Its line of product.C. Its sales volume.D. Its promotion methods.Passage 3As a manager in the service industry sector, I’ve looked at hundreds of CVs in my time. They are not necessarily the bland documents some bosses might think they are! They are full of little pointers towards individuals personalities and suitability for the job. The first thing I always look at is an applicant’s employment record. I check for continuity and stability. If somebody has a long list of previous jobs, all of varying length, alarm bells start ringing. Rather than an irregular route from job to job, what I hope to see is stable career progression. What does their career path look like-is it all steps forward, or are there a lot of sideways moves? And I am always pleased to find a family person with children, because in my experience they tend to be responsible and reliable.I never rely on CVs alone. We get applicants to fill in one of our own application forms. We ask why they’ve applied, what their aspirations and personal goals are, and also about their interests and hobbies and any clubs they belong to. That gives you a useful insight into their personality and lifestyle. The application form also enables us to test how much people have actually been progressing in their careers, because we ask for details of the salaries they have received for each job.It’s always worth looking at CVs and designing application forms with great care. Taking on employees might be rewarding, but it is also a big investment for any business. Mistakes in choosing staff can cost companies dear, so it makes sense to spend time ensuring you get the right person.In the service sector, one of the aims of companies is to maintain and improve customer service, and this is achieved partly through low staff turnover. You need to take on people who understand that, and will want to stay. That’s why, when you’ve taken staff on, the next thing is getting the best out of them.My management style comes from the days when I took over my first business, an ailing road haulage firm which I was certain I could turn into a profitable company. The first thing is to treat others as you’d like to be treated yourself. As soon as I took over the business, I talked to everybody individually, and looked for ways to make sure their particular skills benefited the company.I didn’t have much experience then of managing people, but above all I always tried to be fair and honest with everyone. As a result, I think the staff knew that and accepted my decisions, even if they didn’t agree with them all. Also, bosses must be able to communicate. You also need to create team spirit, and build on the strength of the team. I explained my plans for the company to all the staff, and let them all know what I needed from them. The lorry drivers responded brilliantly, and were the key to turning the business round. They understood that we had to develop a professional reputation, and from then on the days of poor quality deliveries were over.Lastly, I am a great believer in profit-sharing. It takes a team to make a company work, so profits should be shared by all. Job satisfaction is important, but it doesn’t pay the rent. Shared profit and bonuses help to strengthen team spirit by giving everyone a common goal that they work towards together.41. What fact does the writer hope to learn from applicants CVs?A. Whether they have experience of many different jobs.B. Whether their careers have developed steadily.C. The opinion their employers had of them.D. Whether they are married or single.42. The writer says the application form is useful because it________.A. reveals something of the applicant’s characterB. gives information about the applicant’s familyC. explains what skills the applicant has for the jobD. shows how much the applicant wants to earn43. According to the writer, why are CVs and application forms so important?A. Interviewing people is an expensive process.B. They indicate whether applicants really want the job.C. They indicate whether applicants are efficient or not.D. Employing the wrong people can be disastrous.44. One reason why the writer was successful in her first business was that ______.A. she was used to dealing with peopleB. she was open with the staffC. the business was already doing well when she startedD. the staff agreed with all her decisions45. Which would make the best title for this text?A. Profit-sharing as MotivationB. How I Turned a Business RoundC. People-the Key to Business SuccessD. The Importance of a Well-presented CVV. Read the following passages and finish the exercises of each one (40%):Passage 4The economic phenomena of the Barbie doll helped explain the reason why an increasing number of Chinese enterprises purchase well-known brands overseas. Like the recent case of a Chinese enterprise purchasing the Volvo.The viewpoint held by Taodong, economist from UBS, is frequently borrowed by Chinese government officials and enterprises. Tao claimed that the price of a plastic Barbie doll is $20, from which Chinese manufacturers could only gain 35 cents. The lesson we could learn from this case is that it is brand that can bring profits, not “working” for overseas enterprises.The large-scale overseas M&A of China are mostly carried out by state-owned business, and their main targets are mine and oil fields, by which the raw materials of the fast-developing economy of China could be assured. On the other hand, a trend has began several years before-in hope of catching up with international competition, the ambitious private-run businesses are busy purchasing overseas brands. However, analysts indicated that this fast- developing trend would probably -lead to the overseas rebound. Moreover, because those requiring enterprises lack experience of international M&A, it would cost an arm and a leg.“Many Chinese enterprises have ranked in the list of Fortune 500, and they wish to continue improving their fame world-wide.” He Yuxin, an analyst of Long Zhou Jing Financial Research and Consulting Institution said.For the past 10 years, China has been encouraging its enterprises to “go global fearlessly”and to realize the Economic Diversification. The statistics data given by Chinese CommerceDepartment showed that from 2007 to 2008, Chinese investments abroad had more than doubled, reaching 55.9 million dollars.The tide of merging in China reminds people of Japan in the 1980s. At that time, the Japanese’s purchase of “Pebble Beach” Golf Course in California and Rockefeller Center in NY stirred up American’s unrest-they feared that Japan would rule the world.Similar resist also impediment some large-scaled M&A deals. Disputes exist about whether China will commit the same mistake as Japan. Huo Jianguo, dean of the College of International Trade and Economic Coorporation of Chinese Commerce Department, said that Chinese government would continue objecting strongly to M&A deals in sensitive industries such as oil enterprises. “However,” he said, “if the project is based on mutual reciprocity and profits, and meantime drives local employments and tax income, it will surely be accepted and promoted.”Cash-starved enterprises give warm welcome to Chinese investers and mergering proposals. General Motors lapped at selling its Hummer to Teng Zhong Industry Coorporation in Sichuan province, China. Chinese government, however, rejected the deal.A. Mark the following statements true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.(10%)46. An increasing number of Chinese enterprises purchase well-known brands overseas in orderto develop domestic brand.47. Several overseas companies have already been successfully acquired by Chinese state-ownedenterprises.48. Chinese enterprises can offer lower prices in international acquisition.49. Japanese companies used to be very active in international acquisition during the 1980s.50. Chinese government is cautious towards international acquisition.Passage 5A report by Boston Consulting Group (B CC) says China represents the second largest market in Asia excluding Japan, with about US $1. 44 trillion in assets being managed for wealthy individuals defined as those whose annual income is above US $100, 000.BCG’s survey of retail banks reveals that the average private banking customer can be 10 times more profitable than an average mass market retail customer, a statistic that explains why banks are paying increasing attention to the wealthy.(56) Facing the emerging wealth management market, Chinese banks have made impressive headway in the creation of new wealth management products and services. There are now more than 20 kinds of wealth management products on offer at the state-owned big four banks and national joint-stock banks. The China Everbright Bank’s November 2005 financial report shows a 20 billion yuan (US $2.5 billion) wealth management revenue, up 50 per cent over last year.Chinese banks, especially the State-owned big four, have inherent advantages in wealth management. (57) They have a large customer base and an extensive service network that offers customers accessibility and convenience. Managers at the big banks also tend to have a good relationship with local customers.However, analysts believe that, although the level of personal assets held in financial institutions in China is significant, wealth management products and services offered by Chinese banks are still relatively unsophisticated.Deng Junhao, vice president and director of BCG points out that China’s typical wealth management offering as more “hardware” than “software”.(58) Key issues that continue to stymie domestic banks’ progress include a lack of properly-trained managers, limited differentiation of customers, limited products and similar brands.Despite having 20 kinds of products to choose between, there is actually little separating them. Brands do not have a sufficiently unique or differentiated product to target specific types of customers.Competitive threatThere is only one year left until the Chinese banking market is fully liberalized and foreign institutions are able to serve individual customers in renminbi-based business.(59) Foreign banks have already experimented and learned about the market despite regulatory limitations over the type of businesses they can operate. Standard Chartered Bank has offered an “SC Priority Banking” card for customers with quarterly average account balances of US $100,000 or the equivalent, while Citibank has launched its “Citigold” product for customers with monthly average account balances of US $100, 000 or the equivalent. Both banks have set up dedicated wealth management centres in key cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen.Foreign banks have many competitive advantages over local banks including brand names with internationally recognized prestige and trust, experience and expertise in a broader range of investment products and advisory models, established operational models, particularly processes, systems and policies, and capabilities to attract, train and retain the best talent.(60) Foreign banks will create tough competition in the wealth management market, as they enter the retail market and attempt to pick the most attractive customers. Unless Chinese banks can respond, there is a real and significant threat that many wealthy customers will be lured away by the highly-evolved products and services foreign banks can offer.B. Answer the following questions or complete the statements according to your understandingof the passage. (10%)51. In China, banks are paying increasing attention to the wealthy because ________.。

自学考试专科商务英语阅读词汇总结

商务英语阅读2——自学自测题1.account客户，委托人2.actuary （保险）精算师3.advance 贷款/预付款4.agenda 议事日程5.archive档案室6.attorney （美）律师7.barter以货易货8.bearer bond无记名债券9.bond有息债券10.brokerage firm经纪商，经纪行11.budget预算12.circulating funds 流动资金。

周转资（基）金13.claim索赔14.clearinghouse 结算所，（银行）票据交换所mission佣金modity商品mon share普通股18.consulate 领事馆19.convention会议，年会20.convertible bond可转换债券21.creditor贷方，债权人22.debenture bond 无抵押品债券23.demand deposit活期存款24.denomination面额，面值25.depression不景气26.dispenser自动售货机27.dole救济金28.EFTS ·电子资金转移系统29.embassy大使馆30.equity股权31.executive经理32.expectancy期望数值33.extension(ext) 期望数值34.fiscal year财政年度35.foreign currency外汇，外币36.fringe benefit附加福利37.go public上市38.guideline指导方针39.inflation通货膨胀40.infrastructure基础设施41.institution社会公共机构42.insurance policy保险单43.insured被保险人44.insurer保险业者45.inventory存货清单（盘存）46.IOU借据47.job opening职位空缺48.just-in-time适时进货制的49.legal tender法定货币50.legislation法律51.liability责任52.longevity寿命53.mall步行商业区54.majority ·（票据等）到期日55.measurement specification规格，尺寸56.medium媒介57.megamall大型购物商场58.merchandiser推销员59.monetary货币的60.mortgage bond抵押品债券61.mutual fund共同基金62.outlet商行63.paycheck薪水64.payroll薪水册，职工工资册（名单）65.personnel员工，人事（部门）66.plaza 购物中心67.pool合伙使用的钱（物品，人力等）68.point-of-sale销售点的69.policyholder投保人70.preferred stock优先股71.premises经营场地，生产场所72.premium保险费73.principal本金74.procurement ·采购75.profit margin毛利76.promissory note期票，本票77.purchasing power购买力78.quoted company上市公司79.recession （经济）衰退80.reseller转售商81.reserve funds ·储备基金82.revenues总收入83.shareholder股东84.Social Security社会保障，社会保险金85.source物色合资（合作）对象86.stock certificate股权证87.stock exchange证券交易所88.subsidiary 子公司89.team up合作90.turnover人事变动率91.unit of account记账单位92.want ad招聘广告93.warehouse仓库94.warranty（商品，产品）担保书，保单商务英语阅读31.access享用权2.accusation指控3.act法案4.aircraft carrier 航空母舰5.allowance·折扣6.amenity便利设施，礼仪7.Attorney General首席检察官8.bank transfer汇兑9.beginning inventory·期初存货10.bill of exchange汇票11.bill of lading提货单12.book value账面价值13.booth售货亭14.break-even point盈亏平衡点15.brochure小册子16.brokerage经纪业17.bulletin board公告牌18.bureaucratic·官僚作风19.by word of mouth从口头20.catalog目录21.celebrity名人22.centerpiece·主要特点23.certificate of Origin原地产证明书24.cessation停止25.chauffeur司机26.c.i.f到岸价格27.claims到岸价格28.clear ··兑现29.clergyman神职人员mercial invoice正式签证的贸易发票plex 综合性建筑32.concession让步33.consideration对价，约因34.consignment委托支付35.consular invoice领事发票36.container集装箱37.contingency plan应急计划38.convert ·兑换39.conveyor belt传送带40.convoy护送部队41.cooker炊具42.counseling咨询服务43.counteroffer还价，还盘44.courtesy booth 赠券柜台45.credit存款46.data processing数据处理47.database数据库48.dealership商品经销特许权49.debit借方50.deficit赤字51.demographics ·人口统计数据52.deployment调度53.depreciation贬值，折旧54.determinant决定因素55.diplomacy外交56.discrimination歧视57.disparity差异58.distributor销售商59.documents against acceptance承税交单60.documents against payment付款交单61.domicile指定在某地支付62.draft汇票63.duty （进口）关税64.economics of scale·规模经济65.ending inventory期末盘存66.entity实体67.equilibrium平衡68.ethnocentricity种族（民族）优越感69.ethnocentrism种族（民族）中心主义70.f.o.b船上交货价格，离岸价格71.forbearance （律）暂缓行使72.fraud欺骗（行为）73.gambling赌博74.generic非商标的75.gift certificate礼券76.guarantee商品使用保证77.guild行会78.Inc.=incorporated股份有限的79.input投资80.installment分期付款81.interest-bearing有息的82.International Bankers Draft银行对外国银行开出的汇票83.invoice托运单，发票84.issuance发行85.jargon行话86.jingle广告诗87.key accounts主要客户88.lease租赁89.letter of credit信用证90.liquidity资产变现能力91.loan贷款92.logistics后勤93.majority 法定年龄94.marketer专营特定商品的商人或商号95.marketing mix销售组合96.maximum (法定的）最大极限97.minor未成年人98.money order汇票99.monopoly垄断100.mortgage抵押101.motif主题102.notary公证人103.notification通知单104.operating supplies营业用品105.order定货106.ordinary shares普通股107.outlet商店108.overhaul全面检查109.packaging包装110.par value票面价值111.penalty罚金112.pensioner领取抚恤金的人113.plunge猛跌114.precaution预防措施115.premium溢价116.prerequisite前提117.prime time黄金时间118.profit margins利润率119.prompt （商）（付款）即时的120.provision条文121.publicity推广122.rail hauler铁路货运公司123.rate of exchange 汇率124.rebate部分退款125.reciprocal倒数126.registrar ·公司的证劵登记员127.reimburse偿还128.reminder催单129.rental出租公司130.rep=sales representative·销售代表131.reserve储备金132.return退货133.rival竞争者134.run counter to违背135.S.A.=Societe Anonyme股份有限公司136.sanitation卫生137.schedule日程计划138.semiotics符号学139.standing地位140.statute法令141.subtotal小计142.supplier供货商143.sweepstakes彩票144.take precedence over优先于……的地位145.take-over bid （对企业）接收出价146.telegrahpic transfer电汇147.telemarketing电话销售148.telex 电传电报149.terminal终点站150.tie-in搭卖广告151.toll （长途）电话费152.top-grossing毛利最高的153.transformation变化154.trial试用155.typeface 字样156.upscale 高消费阶层的157.vending machine售货机158.vendor卖主159.well-versed精通的160.tumble （价格等）暴跌商务英语阅读41.acquisition收购2.across the board包括一切地3.act as a counterbalance对……起平衡作用·4.alma mater母校5.asset资产6.back down ·放弃7.backlog积压8.balance sheet决算表，（会计）资金负债表9.be geared towards （使）适合10.beachhead （借以扩展势力的）立足点11.behind the scene在幕后12.big-ticket高价的13.blitz闪电式行动14.blueprint蓝图15.bottom-line基础的16.bourgeon萌芽17.brain drain人才流失18.break ground破土动工19.breather短暂休息20.buck the trend反潮流21.calling card名片22.capital gains资本收益23.capital injection资本注入24.cave in to （口）屈服25.CDMA=code-division mutiple access码分多址连接方式26.certificate of deposit存单27.China Mobile中国移动通信28.China Unicom中国联通29.Classification分类30.Clientele主顾OOC=China National Offshore Oil Corporation中国海洋石油总公司32.coffer金库33.collateral抵押品34.condominium ·财产共用权35.consumerism拜金主义36.couture女士时装37.creditworthiness ·有资格接受信用贷款38.Customs clearance入关许可39.Data General通用数据公司40.DBS Bank新加坡开发银行41.deal-breaker阻碍交易的因素42.debit card （储户拥有的，不能透支的）借记卡43.deflation 通货紧缩44.die down消退45.dig in one’s heels固执己见46.Digital Equipment数字设备公司47.dilemma困境48.diversification多样化49.downplay贬低50.draw fire引起攻击51.drawn-out持续很久的，旷日持久的52.euphoria欢快53.expatriate居住在国外的人54.extraneous无关系的55.fall over oneself （口）不遗余力56.FDI=Foreign Direct Investment外国直接投资57.feature film故事片58.feed ·节目传送59.firecracker鞭炮60.fluctuate波动61.foreclosure丧失抵押品赎回权，排斥62.forethought深虑，先见63.fortuitous幸运的64.foundry铸造厂65.freebie 免费赠品66.full-blown具有或显示出所有特征的67.fund portfolio manager基金投资组合经理68.grind to a halt逐渐停止69.halo effect成见效应70.hard currency硬通货71.hard-nosed执拗的72.holding company控股公司73.hookup转播74.hot under the collar ·（口）非常气愤75.imaging industry影像工业76.in bulk大批量77.incubator ··培养人才的场所78.intermediary调解人79.intraday一天内的80.IPO=initial public offering初次公开招股81.itinerary日程表82.jump ship潜逃83.kickback （口）回扣y out策划85.merger合并（名）86.mindset思想倾向87.nerve-wracking极端令人头疼的，非常伤脑筋的88.no-frill(s) 无装饰的89.note票据，期票90.nothing short of简直可以说91.on impulse一时冲动之下92.on the sidelines当旁观者93.opportunity cost机会成本94.outlay费用95.outsource外购96.outstrip超过97.paper profit账面利润（没经实现的）98.pay off赢利99.petrochemical石油化工产品100.piecemeal零碎的101.portfolio ·有价证券，投资组合102.placement （不公开的）定向发行股票103.position-squaring ·收付差额的结算104.powerhouse源泉105.practitioner从业者106.prospectus计划书，发起书107.psyche心灵108.pullout撤退109.qualm疑虑110.quintuple使成五倍111.quota配额，限额112.real estate不动产113.realtor房地产经纪人114.red tape拖拉费时的繁琐手续115.repatriate把（资金）调回本国116.resort to借助于117.repossession取回118.returns收益，赢利（复数）119.roaming service漫游服务120.roller coaster过山车121.second-guess预言122.self-condemnation自责123.sentiment情绪124.shore up ·巩固125.slump衰退126.sock away （美口）储蓄127.SOE=state-owned enterprise国有企业128.sophistication老练129.speak for代表……说话130.speculation投机131.staffer职员132.stalemate僵局133.sticker滞销货134.supreme最高领袖，最高统帅135.syndication企业联合组织，辛迪加组织136.takeover接收，接管137.take the stock of sth ·（对情况，某人的能力等）进行检查，评估和鉴定138.tally计数单位，记录139.the Federal Open Market Committee （美国）联邦公开市场委员会·140.top-notch （口）最高质量的，第一流的141.top-tier一等的142.track record （迄今为止的）业绩记录143.treasury bill ··美国或英国的）短期国库券144.trendsetter潮流创始人145.up to snuff （俚）(身体等)状况良好的·146.veer off离题147.venture capital （美）风险资本148.visual aid直观教材149.walkway人行道，走道150.weigh on成为……的负担151.white-goods白色货物，大型家用电器bearer bond 不记名债券bill of exchange 汇票carton 纸板箱circulating fund 流动资金current assets 流动资产Clean Bill 光票commission 佣金Common shares 普通股delivery 交货单durable goods 耐用品financial institution 金融机构fiscal year 财政年度fringe benefit 额外福利GDP 国内生产总值GNP 国民生产总值government bond 公债；政府公债holding company 控股公司；股权公司income funds 收益基金income statement 损益表；收益表infrastructure 基础设施；基础结构installment 分期付款insurance policy 保险单inventory 存货IOU 借据IPO 首次公开募股（initial plubic offerings）legal tender 合法偿付market share 市场占有率；市场份额mass selling 大量销售merger 合并；并购middleman 中间商；经纪人monopoly 垄断；垄断者；专卖权mutual fund 共有基金net asset 净资产；资产净额par value 面值；票面价值payroll 工资单policy holder 投保人preference shares 优先股premium 保险费；额外费用product line 生产线product mix 产品结构；产品组合promissory note 本票；期票public relations 公共关系publicity 宣传red chips 红筹股registered capital 注册资本；注册资金retailer 零售商savings bond 储蓄国债；储蓄债券staff turnover 员工交替；员工流动率stock certificate 证券；股票stock exchange 证券交易所stock market 股票市场；证券市场streamline 流线型target return 目标利润；目标收益acquisition 收购T/T (Telegraphic Transfer)电汇debit card 借记卡telemarketing 电话销售bond 债券arbitration 仲裁feasibility 可行性marketing mix 营销组合claim 索赔logistics company 物流FOB 离岸价fixed assets 固定资产direct selling 直销sales promotion 促销net income 净收入venture capital 风险资本 shareholder 股东life insurance 人寿保险interest rate 利率Product Placement 植入广告contract 合同base line 底线real estate 不动产bonus 红利budget 预算business outsourcing 业务外包bondholder 债券持有者pricing 定价exchange rate 汇率customer service 客户服务business diversification 经营多样化return of goods 退货draft 汇票limited liability 有限责任investment broker 投资经纪人evaluate 评价initial inventory 期初存货LLC（Limited Liability Company）有限责任公司。

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