高中英语语法学习-冠词全面学习复习

冠词

冠词的分类

冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种，零冠词指的是不用冠词的情况。不定冠词表示泛指，定冠词表示特指。

一．冠词的泛指和特指用法：

1.不定冠词a/an与one 同源，表示微弱的“一”的概念。（a 用于辅音因素，an用于元音因素）

In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walk along a one-way road with a useful tool. This is a usual thing.

2. 表示“一”的概念Rome was not built in a day.

3.泛指某一个人或某一个事物。Kate was born in a small town.

4. 表示“每一”twice a day five yuan a kilo 15 yuan a gram 50 kilometers an hour

5. 表示“同一” 搭配：of+ a/an +名词表示具有相同的大小，长短，高度，宽度，年龄，特征，颜色，形状，材料等。The two flowers look different, buy they are of a kind.

The two stockings are of a size, but of different colors.

6. 用于表示动作意义的名词前。

have a look have a walk have a break have a try have a swim take a rest have a bath give a laugh give a smile give a shout make a choice make a plan

make a decision let out a cry let out a sign

7．被具体化了的抽象名词前 a surprise a failure a success a pleasure a pressure a concern a heavy rain

8. 世界上独一无二的东西前有修饰语时We hope we can see a full moon tonight.

9. 在表示季节、月份、日期、三餐等的名词前有修饰语时

We had a very cold winter last year. He is very fat and often has a big supper.

10. 特例：专有名词前用不定冠词（通常情况下，专有名词本身就是特指，因此其前一般不用任何冠词）

I know a Miya, but not the famous one. 我认识一个叫米亚的人，但不是有名气的那一个。

I want to be a Bill Gates. I had a Van Goh in the dining room.

The story was set in a September in the 1980s. 这故事是以20世纪80年代的某个九月为北京的。

Ⅱ定冠词的用法

1.特指的人、物前The man who knows most forgives most.

2.上文中提到的：I went to a university in New Zealand. The university was set up in the early twentieth century.

3.自然界中独一无二事物及方向前（有形容词修饰，可用不定冠词）：

The sun the moon the Earth the equator the solar system the North Pole the tropics the Mars the South Pole the horizon the stars the world the sky the north the east the south a blue sky,

4.与日常生活中熟悉事物的连用People have been complaining about the traffic.

5.与专有名词连用，如表江、河、海、洋、海湾、岛、山、国家、地区、组织、机构、建筑物、报刊、杂志等名词。

①表江河，海洋The Yellow River the Mediterranean Sea The Dead Sea the Caribbean Sea

②表山脉，群岛The Tianshan Mountains the Alps the Philippines

③表海峡、地区或组织The English Channel the Strait of Gibraltar the Gulf of Mexico

④表国家机构、地区、组织the Middle East The House of Commons the Conservative Party

⑤表机构、学校、建筑物The University of Cambridge the British Museum the National Gallery

⑥表报刊、杂志The New York Times the Economist the Mirror

注意:个别杂志前不用定冠词

Fortune 财富Newsweek 新闻周刊Reader’s Digest读者文摘China Daily 21st Century

⑦由普通名词构成的专有名词前及年代、朝代名词前the Silk Road the Tang Dynasty in the 1990s

⑧全家人或夫妇俩前the Greens the Lis

⑨定语从句先行词前This is the house where I once lived.

⑩by 后表示计量单位的名词前Part-time jobs are usually paid by the hour.

Apples are sold by the kilo and eggs are sold by the dozen.

6. 用于名词化的形容词和分词前

The young should respect for the elderly