冠词讲解与练习
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冠词讲解与练习
冠词作为一种虚词,在英语中通常只能和名词一起使用。英语中的冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。
1.不定冠词的用法
不定冠词有两个,a 和an。a用在辅音因素开头的单词前面;an用于以元音因素开头的单词前。如:a book, an apple, an honest boy, a European country。1)不定冠词用在单数可数名词前表示“某一个”。如:
There is a policeman at the door.
2) 不定冠词用在单数可数名词之前,表示“任何,每个”。如:
A car must be insured.
汽车一定要上保险。
3) 不定冠词用于头一次出现的单数名词之前。如:
There is a box in the room. The box is heavy.
4) 不定冠词用在价格、速度等短语中。表示“每”的概念。如:
six kilometers an hour 每小时60公里
3 times a day 每天三次
6) 不定冠词用在专有名词前,表泛指。如:
He wants to buy a Kodak.他想买架柯达相机。
7)不定冠词用于某些固定短语中。如:
have a try试一下take a break 休息一下have a good time 玩得痛快
make a living 谋生as a matter of fact 事实上in a word 总而言之
2. 定冠词的用法
1)定冠词和名词连用,表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。表“特指”。如:
I got a letter yesterday. The letter was sent by e-mail.
2)定冠词用于可数名词前,表示一类人或东西。如:
The horse is a useful animal. 马是一种有用的动物。
3)定冠词用于某些形容词前,表示一类人,一个民族,阶级或阶层。如:the chinese 中国人the rich 富人
the dead 死者the deaf 聋人6)定冠词用于指说话双方都知道的人或事。如:
Please close the door.
7)定冠词用于世界上独一无二的事物前。如:
the sun the earth the world
8)定冠词用于序数词前表示顺序。如:
the third group
9)定冠词用于形容词和副词的最高级前面。如:
This is the most intersting book I have ever read.
10)定冠词在play后和乐器连用
play the piano弹钢琴play the flute吹长笛
11)定冠词与姓氏的复数形式连用,表示一家人或夫妇。如:
The Blacks came to China in 1994.
12)定冠词的其他用法
the Changjiang River长江the Red Sea 红海(用于表示江河海洋的名词前)the Taiwan Straits台湾海峡the Gulf of Mexico墨西哥湾(用于表示海峡海湾的名词前)
the Alps阿尔卑斯山the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠(用于山脉沙漠的名词前)the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国(用于国家名称)
the National Gallery国家美术馆the Military Museum 军事博物馆(用于公共建筑名前)
the State Council国务院the Senate参议院the House of Representatives 众议院(用于机关、团体名词前)
the Geneva Agreement日内瓦协议the Washington Post 华盛顿邮报(用于报刊、条约之前)
3.不用冠词的情况
1)表示独一无二的职务、身份前一般不用冠词。如:
Elizabeth II, Queen of England 英国女王伊丽莎白二世
He was elected chairmen of the committee.他当选为协会主席。
2)表示球类、棋类的运动项目不加冠词。如:
play football play chess下象棋
3)在一日三餐名词前不用冠词。如:
have breakfast/lunch/supper
4)交通工具名词前不用冠词
by car by ship by plane on foot
5)在一些地点的名词,如:bed, church, school, hospital,home, work等。当人们去这些地方做在这些地方应该做的事时,不加冠词。
go to school去上学go to church去教堂祈祷
in hospital住院go to work上班
注:如果在上述词组前面加上定冠词the,可以表示去这些场所做其他的事情。如:
He came to the school to speak to the headmaster.他来学校和校长谈话。
4.泛指概念的四种表达方式
1)不带the 的不可数名词可以表示泛指
I like music.我喜欢音乐。
2)不带the 的复数可数名词表示泛指。
Bananas are yellow.香蕉是黄色的。
3)“the+单数可数名词”可以表示泛指
The elephant is the largest land mammal.大象是陆地上最大的哺乳动物。4)“不定冠词a/an+单数可数名词” 可以表示泛指。
A dog makes good pet.狗是很好的宠物。
冠词用法练习
1.There is a desk by the window. On_______desk there is_____exercise book.
A.a; the
B.the; the
C.an; a
D.the; an
2.There is_______"h"in the word "honest."
A.a
B.the
C.an
D.不填
3.They went to_______Summer Palace yesterday and stayed there for_______day.
A.the; a
B.the; the
C.不填; a
D.the; 不填
4.It's________pity you won't be back before I leave.
A.the
B.a
C.an
D.不填
5.Lincoln was elected__________ President of _________United States in 1860.
A.the; the
B.不填; the
C.a; 不填
D.不填; 不填
6.She is going to play_______piano at the concert this evening.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D.不填
7.Most boys like playing_______football.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D.不填
8.Let's go and watch the children play______chess.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D.不填
9._____elephant is bigger than________ horse
A.不填; 不填
B.an; a
C.An; a
D.The; a
10.Is Tom going to have_______X-ray check?
A.a
B.an
C.the
D.不填
11.They have_________rice for________lunch every day.
A.不填; 不填
B.the; the
C.the; a
D.不填; the
12.We did_______experiment last week. It was _______useful one.
A.the; the
B.an; a
C.an; the
D.the; an
13.Beijing is one of________most beautiful cities in ________world.
A.a; the
B.the; 不填
C.the; the
D.不填; the
14.February is__________second month of the year
A.a
B.an
C.不填
D.the
15. ______sun rises in _______west.
A.The; the
B.The; 不填
C.A; the
D.不填; 不填
16._______Wangs will come to see you tomorrow
A.A
B.An
C.The
D.不填
17.The students of Class One often read English early in_______ morning.
A.不填
B.the
C.an
D.a
18.On the moon it's too hot in________day and too cold at________night.
A.the; 不填
B.the; the
C.a; the
D.a;
19.A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometres_________second.
A.a
B.an
C.the
D.不填
20.The picture on_________left is more beautiful than the one on _______right.