高级口译教程-饮食文化
口译Culinary Culture 2译文
参考译文：
全国各地到处可见快餐店。速度是美国人生 活中的一个非常重要的因素。通常人们的午 餐休息时间很短，即使午餐时间充裕，美国 人也不愿在用餐上花费过多的时间。
Because
fast-food restaurants are places which take care of hundreds of people in a short time, there is usually very little waiting. And the food is always cheap. Some examples are burger, pizza and fried chicken places.
参考译文： 虽然许多美国人仍然会站在汉堡摊前匆匆打
发自己的午餐，但在晚餐时，美国人同其他
国家的很多人一样，会静下心来，从容不迫
地品尝菜肴的美味。
（先译even if 从句，后译主句，这样处理 更符合汉语的表达习惯。）
参考译文：
许多城市甚至还有一些少数民族聚集区，如
唐人街（中国城）、小意大利城、德国城等
等。有如此之多的民族餐馆可供选择，我们
就可以吃遍天下菜了。对于那些来美国旅游
或工作的人来说，一想到这点便会深感愉
快，他们可以在美国找到自己家乡的特色菜。
Besides sections of the cities, there are regions which are well known for certain food because of the people who settled there. For example, southern California has many Mexican restaurants, and Louisiana has a strong Creole accent to its food. Creole is a mixture of French, African, and Caribbean Island food.
高口翻译简析
lesson 71 catering culture农历8月15日的中秋节是观赏满月的日子。
圆圆的月亮象征这圆满，进而象征这家庭团聚。
中秋节的特制视频是一种圆形的月饼，内涵核桃仁，蜜饯，豆沙或蛋黄等食物。
象征is a symbol of春节是中国最重要的传统节日，标志着农历新年的开始。
春节的日期按农历而定，通常出现在公历2月份前半个月的某一天。
依。
而定be setI'm very gald that all of you will soon go to the States to study and work with Americans。
We need to eat no matter where。
So,as the first lecture in the orientation program，I'd like to talk about what Americans do in a restaurantorientation 新生情况说明会。
In American restaurant，you are usually served tap water before you order。
You may find butter anf bread is free，and if you order coffee，you get free refilltap water自来水，翻译成自来水有点奇怪，翻译成水比较合适Soft drinks are sweet，carbonated drinks like Coke》Hard drinks are alcoholics，like whiskey.They are servedeither on the rocks or straight.Servings in the restaurant are large。
If you can't finish，ask the waiter for a “doggie bag”，so that you can enjoy the food later。
通用口笔译-饮食文化
Catering CulturePara.1饮食文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。
中国悠久的历史、广袤的疆土、好客的习俗，这些都孕育了中餐烹饪的独特艺术。
Dietary culture is an important part of traditional Chinese culture. China’s unique culinary art owes itself to the country’s long history, vast territory and hospitable tradition.Para.2“民以食为天”。
中国人非常重视吃。
中餐烹饪以其“色、香、味、形”俱全而著称于世, 讲究原料的选配、食物的质地、佐料的调制、切菜的刀工、适时的烹调，以及装盘艺术。
“Food is the first necessity of the people.”Chinese people value their way of dining very much. Chinese cuisine is world-famous for its perfect combination of “color, aroma, taste and appearance”, which emphasizes the selection of raw materials, the texture of food, the blending of seasonings, slicing techniques, the perfect timing of cooking and the art of laying out food on plates.Para.3由于各地不同的气候，资源物产，以及生活习惯，造就了各具特色的地方菜系，素有四大风味和八大菜系之说。
In China, different climates, resources and living habits contribute to the unique regional cuisines which have long been recognized as “the four flavors” and “the eight regional cuisines”.四大风味指的是“南淡北咸，东甜西辣”。
高级口译之餐饮文化
高级口译之餐饮文化餐饮文化是一个国家或地区的重要组成部分，它不仅反映了人们的饮食习惯和口味偏好，更是一种文化的传承与表达。
在高级口译中，理解和准确传达餐饮文化的特点和内涵变得尤为重要。
本文将分析餐饮文化的特点，介绍一些国际知名的餐饮文化，并提出高级口译中需要注意的问题。
餐饮文化的特点主要包括多样性、地域性和历史性。
首先是多样性，各个国家和地区拥有独特的饮食习惯和传统菜肴。
例如，中国以其丰富的烹饪技巧和多样化的菜肴而闻名，而日本则以其精致的寿司和创意料理而闻名。
其次是地域性，同一国家内的不同地区餐饮文化也会有明显差异。
例如，中国的四川菜和广东菜分别代表了川渝和粤菜两个地域的特色。
最后是历史性，餐饮文化往往承载着一个国家或地区的历史和传统。
例如，法国的餐饮文化源自于法国大革命前的贵族餐饮传统，诸如法式大餐等仍然流传至今。
国际知名的餐饮文化有许多种，其中包括中国的中餐、意大利的意大利菜、法国的法式大餐等。
中国的中餐因其丰富的烹饪技巧和多元的口味在世界范围内广受欢迎。
意大利菜以其简单却美味的食材搭配和橄榄油的使用而声名远扬。
法式大餐则以其独特的套餐形式和精致的烹饪技巧而享誉全球。
在高级口译中理解和传达这些餐饮文化的特点和特色是至关重要的。
在高级口译中需要注意的问题包括专业性和文化适应性。
首先是专业性，高级口译需要对餐饮业的相关知识有一定的了解，例如食材的常用术语、菜肴的烹饪方法等。
其次是文化适应性，在传达餐饮文化时需要适应不同国家和地区的习俗和文化背景。
例如，在中国用餐时需要注意筷子的使用礼仪，而在西方用餐时则需要注意刀和叉的使用方式和顺序。
总结而言，高级口译中理解和传达餐饮文化的特点和内涵变得尤为重要。
餐饮文化的特点主要包括多样性、地域性和历史性。
国际知名的餐饮文化有许多种，其中包括中国的中餐、意大利的意大利菜、法国的法式大餐等。
在高级口译中需要注意专业性和文化适应性，这包括对餐饮业相关知识的了解和适应不同文化背景的传达。
英语口译之餐饮文化
审时度势，随机应变
• • • • 麻婆豆腐 Ma Po beancurd Spicy Beancurd Beancurd made by a pork-marked woman • （注：满脸雀斑女人做的豆腐）
红烧狮子头 • Red burned lion head
烂了的肉丸” “烧红了的狮子的头”
• 比如:醋溜土豆:主料是土豆,口味偏酸, 可译为potato with vinegar flavour, • 糖醋里脊:主料是猪肉,口味偏甜,可译为 pork with sugar vinegar flavour。
• 中国菜的味道与所用原料,烹饪方法,形 状等相比就要简单的多。大多数的中 国菜味道就是咸、酸、(麻)辣、甜。由 于咸是几乎所有中国菜都有的味道,所 以翻译时可以省略。
• 2、介绍菜肴的口感、烹法和主料 • 公式：口感+烹法+主料 • 例：香酥排骨crisp fried spareribs • 水煮嫩鱼tender stewed fish • 香煎鸡块fragrant fried chicken • 酥炸鸡条 Crisp fried fish strip
• • • • •
威士忌（Whisky）
• • • • • • • • • • • • Bourbon Whisky 美国波旁威士忌 Highball 苏打威士忌 White Horse 白马威士忌 Queen Anne 安妮皇冠 Seven Crown 七皇冠 Glen Grant 格莲格兰特
鸡尾酒（Cocktails）
Escort Interpretation
Culinary Culture
餐饮文化
• 中国菜名命名受中国传统美学思想影 响，喜欢比喻、夸张，如果不是亲眼 见到、亲口品尝，很难知道菜的具体 内容。 • 由于汉语和英语的差异很大，我们在 把中餐菜名由中文译成英文的时候， 应该采用写实性命名法，尽量将菜肴 的原料、烹制方法、菜肴的味型等翻 译出来，以便让客人一目了然。
对外汉语中国饮食文化
八花火锅
核 桃 鸭 方
苏州糕团
黄桥烧饼
扬州炒饭
生活中什么最重要
• 生词：
1、实话实说 tell truth （a talk show of CCTV） 2、话题 topic 3、批评 criticize 4、俗话 common saying 5、富有 wealthy 6、乐观 optimistic
1、你能吃辣的吗 2、这茶怎么样 3、生活中什么最重要
生词：
• 1、辣 （形） hot; spicy
• 2、受不了
can’t bear
• 3、尝 （动） taste
• 4、四川菜/川菜 Sichuan food
• 5、麻 （形） of the special taste of
Chinese pepper
国 宾 馆 大 厨 巴 黎 表 演 厨 艺
盐水鸭
蟹酿橙
翠绿大鲜鲍
西湖醋鱼
教化鸡
松鼠桂鱼
孔子
曲阜：孔府美食——万寿无疆
孔府菜烤牌子
开封“龙华楼” （仿宋菜）
小笼灌汤包
美食家苏东坡
• 苏东坡（1037— 1101），四川眉山人
• “可使食无肉，不可 使居无竹。无肉令人 瘦，无竹令人俗。人 瘦尚可肥，士俗不可 医。”
有名吗？ 张父：烤鸭原来是鲁菜，后来才发展成北京烤鸭
的。 大伟：噢，原来是这么回事。
这茶怎么样
（吃完饭，大家坐在一起喝茶。） 张父：大伟，这茶怎么样？ 大伟：很好喝。这是花茶吗？ 张父：这不Байду номын сангаас花茶，是绿茶。我前两天出差从杭州买来
的。 张勇：这叫龙井茶，是杭州的特产。 大伟：我听说北方人爱喝花茶，南方人爱喝绿茶，是这
饮食文化的英语对话
A:Oh, I`m so starving. It`s timeto eat lunch.B:I'm so hungry, too! What do you want to eat?C:I’d like to try some real Chinese cuisine,What would you recommend? D:Well, it depends. Y ou see,China is vast and has a large population, so Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines. The eight regional cuisines are Shandong cuisine, Sichuan cuisine, Fujian cuisine, Guangdong cuisine, Jiangsu cuisine, Zhejiang cuisine, Hunan cuisine and Anhui cuisinerespectively.B:Y ou`re right! I think there is a big difference about the diets between Northern and Southern China. In the Northern and Western provinces of China, the diets are made in hot and spicy. In the Southern China, people like eating sweet and fresh.A:I know, I very like hot dishes, so I very like the Sichuan cuisine and Hunan cuisine. They are characterized by its spicy and pungent flavor,emphasizes on the use of chili. In Sichuan cuisine, the most famous food isSichuan hot pots.C:I also like eating hot pots, especially Y uan Y ang（mandarin duck）Hotpot. I believe Sichuan hot pots are perhaps the most famous hotpots in the world. It cannot be said that one who does not eat Sichuanhot pots ever reaches China.B:Compared with Sichuan cuisine, I prefer Jiangsu cuisine and Zhejiang cuisine. The food of Zhejiang tastes very fresh and clear, especiallyDongpo pork and West Lake vinegar fish. The chef tries to preserve the natural flavor of food.D:They are all delicious, but I like Shandong cuisine most. It consists of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine. The jinan cuisine is good at frying and grilling, and it`s salty. Jiaodong cuisine is famous for cooking seafood.A:Oh, I very like eating seafood! It`s best for me to eat seafood and drinking beer in summer night, so I very like traveling Qingdao. And I like Fujian cuisine, too. The seafood is also delicious, for example,Fried prawn shaped as a pair of fish.C:Ialso like eating all kinds of snacks. When I traveling somewhere, I must go to the famous snack block. Because the different snack block in everywhere reflects the local diet culture, and there are many representative food.A:As for snack, I think the Chinese are very fond of eating Western country snacks now, child will eat KFC with parents in weekend, young people will eat Fries when they watch a movie with their friends.B:Yes, with the development of word, the cultural exchanges between the East and the West are getting closerand easy. In china ,there are many food from other countries, for example, Pizza and Steak.C:I think so. we can eat Vietnamese cuisine, Thai cuisine and all kinds of foods from all over the world in China. Due to the impact of foreign foodculture, the diet of our country is changing.D:But I believe it`s a challenge and it`s also a chance. In all over the world, there is Chinese food. Now let`s eat Chinese food together!。
Catering Culture
高级口译词汇――饮食文化（Catering Culture）chopsticks 筷子soup spoon 汤匙knife 餐刀cup 杯子glass 玻璃杯mug 马克杯picnic lunch 便当fruit plate 水果盘toothpick 牙签中餐:bear's paw 熊掌breast of deer 鹿脯beche-de-mer; sea cucumber 海参sea sturgeon 海鳝salted jelly fish 海蜇皮kelp, seaweed 海带abalone 鲍鱼shark fin 鱼翅scallops 干贝lobster 龙虾bird's nest 燕窝roast suckling pig 考乳猪pig's knuckle 猪脚boiled salted duck 盐水鸭preserved meat 腊肉barbecued pork 叉烧sausage 香肠fried pork flakes 肉松BAR-B-Q 烤肉meat diet 荤菜vegetables 素菜meat broth 肉羹local dish 地方菜Cantonese cuisine 广东菜set meal 客饭curry rice 咖喱饭fried rice 炒饭plain rice 白饭crispy rice 锅巴gruel, soft rice, porridge 粥noodles with gravy 打卤面plain noodle 阳春面casserole 砂锅chafing dish, fire pot 火锅meat bun 肉包子shao-mai 烧麦preserved bean curd 腐乳bean curd 豆腐fermented blank bean 豆豉pickled cucumbers 酱瓜preserved egg 皮蛋salted duck egg 咸鸭蛋dried turnip 萝卜干西餐与日本料理:menu 菜单French cuisine 法国菜today's special 今日特餐chef's special 主厨特餐buffet 自助餐fast food 快餐specialty 招牌菜continental cuisine 欧式西餐aperitif 饭前酒dim sum 点心French fires 炸薯条baked potato 烘马铃薯mashed potatoes 马铃薯泥omelette 简蛋卷pudding 布丁pastries 甜点pickled vegetables 泡菜kimchi 韩国泡菜crab meat 蟹肉prawn 明虾conch 海螺escargots 田螺braised beef 炖牛肉bacon 熏肉poached egg 荷包蛋sunny side up 煎一面荷包蛋over 煎两面荷包蛋fried egg 煎蛋over easy 煎半熟蛋over hard 煎全熟蛋scramble eggs 炒蛋boiled egg 煮蛋stone fire pot 石头火锅sashi 日本竹筷sake 日本米酒miso shiru 味噌汤roast meat 铁板烤肉sashimi 生鱼片butter 奶油冷饮:beverages 饮料soya-bean milk 豆浆syrup of plum 酸梅汤tomato juice 番茄汁orange juice 橘子汁coconut milk 椰子汁asparagus juice 芦荟汁grapefruit juice 葡萄柚汁vegetable juice 蔬菜汁ginger ale 姜汁sarsaparilla 沙士soft drink 汽水coco-cola(coke) 可口可乐tea leaves 茶叶black tea 红茶jasmine tea 茉莉(香片) tea bag 茶包lemon tea 柠檬茶white goup tea 冬瓜茶honey 蜂蜜chlorella 绿藻soda water 苏打水artificial color 人工色素ice water 冰水mineral water 矿泉水distilled water 蒸馏水long-life milk 保久奶condensed milk 炼乳; 炼奶cocoa 可可coffee mate 奶精coffee 咖啡iced coffee 冰咖啡white coffee 牛奶咖啡black coffee 纯咖啡ovaltine 阿华田chlorella yakult 养乐多essence of chicken 鸡精ice-cream cone 甜筒sundae 圣代; 新地ice-cream 雪糕soft ice-cream 窗淇淋vanilla ice-cream 香草冰淇淋ice candy 冰棒milk-shake 奶昔straw 吸管水果:pineapple 凤梨watermelon 西瓜papaya 木瓜betelnut 槟榔chestnut 栗子coconut 椰子ponkan 碰柑tangerine 橘子mandarin orange 橘sugar-cane 甘蔗muskmelon 香瓜shaddock 文旦juice peach 水蜜桃pear 梨子peach 桃子carambola 杨桃cherry 樱桃persimmon 柿子apple 苹果mango 芒果fig 无花果water caltrop 菱角almond 杏仁plum 李子honey-dew melon 哈密瓜loquat 枇杷olive 橄榄rambutan 红毛丹durian 榴梿strawberry 草莓grape 葡萄grapefruit 葡萄柚lichee 荔枝longan 龙眼wax-apple 莲雾guava 番石榴banana 香蕉熟菜与调味品: string bean 四季豆pea 豌豆green soy bean 毛豆soybean sprout 黄豆芽mung bean sprout 绿豆芽bean sprout 豆芽kale 甘蓝菜cabbage 包心菜; 大白菜broccoli 花椰菜mater convolvulus 空心菜dried lily flower 金针菜mustard leaf 芥菜celery 芹菜tarragon 蒿菜beetroot, beet 甜菜agar-agar 紫菜lettuce 生菜spinach 菠菜leek 韭菜caraway 香菜hair-like seaweed 发菜preserved szechuan pickle 榨菜salted vegetable 雪里红lettuce 莴苣asparagus 芦荟bamboo shoot 竹笋dried bamboo shoot 笋干chives 韭黄ternip 白萝卜carrot 胡萝卜water chestnut 荸荠ficus tikaua 地瓜long crooked squash 菜瓜loofah 丝瓜pumpkin 南瓜bitter gourd 苦瓜cucumber 黄瓜white gourd 冬瓜gherkin 小黄瓜yam 山芋taro 芋头beancurd sheets 百叶champignon 香菇button mushroom 草菇needle mushroom 金针菇agaricus 蘑菇dried mushroom 冬菇tomato 番茄eggplant 茄子potato, spud 马铃薯lotus root 莲藕agaric 木耳white fungus 百木耳ginger 生姜garlic 大蒜garlic bulb 蒜头green onion 葱onion 洋葱scallion, leek 青葱wheat gluten 面筋miso 味噌seasoning 调味品caviar 鱼子酱barbeque sauce 沙茶酱tomato ketchup, tomato sauce 番茄酱mustard 芥茉salt 盐sugar 糖monosodium glutamate, gourmet powder 味精vinegar 醋sweet 甜sour 酸bitter 苦lard 猪油peanut oil 花生油soy sauce 酱油green pepper 青椒paprika 红椒star anise 八角cinnamon 肉挂curry 咖喱maltose 麦芽糖糖与蜜饯:jerky 牛肉干dried beef slices 牛肉片dried pork slices 猪肉片confection 糖果glace fruit 蜜饯marmalade 果酱dried persimmon 柿饼candied melon 冬瓜糖red jujube 红枣black date 黑枣glace date 蜜枣dried longan 桂圆干raisin 葡萄干chewing gum 口香糖nougat 牛乳糖mint 薄荷糖drop 水果糖marshmallow 棉花糖caramel 牛奶糖peanut brittle 花生糖castor sugar 细砂白糖granulated sugar 砂糖sugar candy 冰糖butter biscuit 奶酥rice cake 年糕moon cake 月饼green bean cake 绿豆糕popcorn 爆米花chocolate 巧克力marrons glaces 唐炒栗子牛排与酒:breakfast 早餐lunch 午餐brunch 早午餐supper 晚餐late snack 宵夜dinner 正餐ham and egg 火腿肠buttered toast 奶油土司French toast 法国土司muffin 松饼cheese cake 酪饼white bread 白面包brown bread 黑面包French roll 小型法式面包appetizer 开胃菜green salad 蔬菜沙拉onion soup 洋葱汤potage 法国浓汤corn soup 玉米浓汤minestrone 蔬菜面条汤ox tail soup 牛尾汤fried chicken 炸鸡roast chicken 烤鸡steak 牛排T-bone steak 丁骨牛排filet steak 菲力牛排sirloin steak 沙朗牛排club steak 小牛排well done 全熟medium 五分熟rare 三分熟beer 啤酒draft beer 生啤酒stout beer 黑啤酒canned beer 罐装啤酒red wine 红葡萄酒gin 琴酒brandy 白兰地whisky 威士忌vodka 伏特加on the rocks 酒加冰块rum 兰酒champagne 香槟其他小吃:meat 肉beef 牛肉pork 猪肉chicken 鸡肉mutton 羊肉bread 面包steamed bread 馒头rice noodles 米粉fried rice noodles 河粉steamed vermicelli roll 肠粉macaroni 通心粉bean thread 冬粉bean curd with odor 臭豆腐flour-rice noodle 面粉noodles 面条instinct noodles 速食面vegetable 蔬菜crust 面包皮sandwich 三明治toast 土司hamburger 汉堡cake 蛋糕spring roll 春卷pancake 煎饼fried dumpling 煎贴rice glue ball 元宵glue pudding 汤圆millet congee 小米粥cereal 麦片粥steamed dumpling 蒸饺ravioli 馄饨nbsp;cake 月饼green bean cake 绿豆糕popcorn 爆米花chocolate 巧克力marrons glaces 唐炒栗子烹调术cookery色、香、味color，aroma and taste佐料seasoning刀功slicing technique清炒plain-frying煸stir-frying爆quick-frying炸deep-frying煎pan-frying焙roasting清蒸steaming氽quick-boiling熏smoking腌salting食谱recipe回锅肉twice-cooked pork slices in brown sauce炸猪排fried pork chop北京烤鸭roast Beijing duck什锦炒蔬stir-fried mixed vegetables酸辣汤hot and sour soup鸡茸蘑菇汤cream of mushroom with chicken主食staple food馒头steamed bread米饭steamed rice扬州炒饭Yangchow fried rice冷面cold noodle炒米粉fried ground rice noodles 炸酱面noodles with fried brown sauce paste油条fried twisted stick锅贴pan-fried dumping花卷steamed twisted roll小笼包子steamed meat dumpling粽子rice dumpling wrapped in reed leaves黑啤dark beer黄酒/花雕酒yellow rice wine烈酒spitits/ strong liquor白干white liquor佐餐酒table wine炸酱面noodles with fried brown sauce paste油条fried twisted stick锅贴pan-fried dumping花卷steamed twisted roll小笼包子steamed meat dumpling粽子rice dumpling wrapped in reed leaves黑啤dark beer黄酒/花雕酒yellow rice wine烈酒spitits/ strong liquor白干white liquor佐餐酒table wine（酒）加冰块的on the rocks（酒）不加冰块的straight up小啜sip矿泉水mineral water红茶black tea清咖啡black coffee全脂/脱脂奶whole/skim milk酸奶yoghurt粟子chestnut马蹄梨water chestnut莲子lotus seed藕lotus root猕猴桃kiwi fruit山楂haw枣Chinese date餐前开胃点心appretizer主菜main course附菜side dish餐后甜食dessert什锦色拉mixed fruit salad with ham什锦水果圣代mixed fruit sundae民族风味餐ethnic food小吃snack冷盘cold dish点心pastry餐桌圆转盘Lazy Susan。
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《高级口译教程》（第四版）核心词汇（饮食文化）
食谱 recipe
餐前开胃点心appetizer
正/主菜entrée;main course
附菜side dish
餐后甜食dessert
小吃snack; refreshments
山珍海味delicacies from land and sea
冷盘assorted hors d’oeuvres platter
什锦色拉mixed vegetable salad with ham
酸辣白菜sweet and sour pickled cabbage
炝虾shrimps marinated in wine sauce
葱油海蜇头jellyfish quick-fried with green onion
宁式拷子鱼deep-fried anchovy (Ningbo Style)
四喜烤麸deep-fried sliced gluten with peanuts, day-lily, fungi and mushrooms
雪莱毛豆fresh soybeans with reserved potherb mustard
宫保大虾sautéed prawns with hot pepper
锅巴海参crisp rice with sea cucumber
清炖甲鱼stewed soft-shelled turtle
糖醋黄鱼sweet and sour yellow croaker
回锅肉twice-cooked pork slices in brown sauce
鱼香肉丝fish-flavored shredded pork in hot sauce
椒盐排骨spare ribs with pepper and salt
烤鸭roast duck
羊肉串 sliced mutton barbecue
铁扒牛排grilled beefsteak
涮羊肉thin mutton slices quick-boiled in a chafing-dish/Mongolian fire pot
宫保鸡丁diced chicken with peanuts; sautéed chicken cubes with ch ili and peanuts
麻婆豆腐spicy and hot bean curd; bean curd with minced pork in chili sauce
生煸四季豆sautéed string beans
鱼香茄子fish-flavored eggplant
鱼翅汤shark fin soup
扬州炒饭Yangchow fried rice
炒米粉fried ground rice noodles
小米粥 millet gruel
炸酱面noodles with fried brown sauce paste
春
卷spring roll; egg roll stuffed with minced meat and shrim p
葱油饼pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion
油条fried twisted stick
花卷steamed bun/bread
小笼包子steamed meat dumpling
汤圆glutinous rice dumpling in soup
粽子rice dumpling wrapped in reed leaves
料/佐餐酒cooking/table wine
意式浓咖啡espresso (Italian Style)
槟榔betel nut
烹调术cookery
煸；炒stir-frying; sautéing
爆quick-frying
炸deep-frying
煎pan-frying
清炒plain-frying
清蒸steaming
红烧braising with soy sauce/in brown sauce
煲；焖；炖；煨braising; stewing; simmering
焙roasting; broiling
铁扒grilling; broiling
氽quick-boiling
熏smoking
腌pickling; salting
卤制marinating
揉面kneading dough
切丁/柳/片/丝dicing/cubing; filleting; slicing; shredding
请问，你们准备点菜吗？
Excuse me, but are you ready to order now?
先生，您要点菜还是要和菜？
Would you like an a la carte or table d’hote,sir?
你们一起买单还是各自付账？
How would you like to pay, one check/bill or separate checks/bills?
贵点的特色菜/招牌菜是什么？
May I know your house-special?
中餐先上冷盘，而西餐则先上汤。
A Chinese dinner begins with cold dishes, and a Western din ner with a soup.
您会使用筷子吗？
Can you manage with chopsticks?
我吃西餐喜欢用刀叉，这叫做“入乡随俗”嘛。
I like to enjoy a dinner of Western food with forks and k nives, because I believe in “Do in Rome asthe Romans do”.
不要客气，桌上菜，请自便。
Make yourself at home and help yourself to the dishes.
请尝尝我的拿手菜。
Would you like to try my special recipe?
对不起，我滴酒不沾。
Excuse me, I don’t touch anything alcoholic.
茅台是我国最负盛名的烈酒，上口不上脑。
Moutai is China’s best-known liquor; it is delicious and ye t doesn’t go to the head.
绍兴酒属米酒一类，品之香味诱人，有点像日本的清酒。
Shaoxing Wine is made from rice; it possesses an inviting a roma and tastes like Japanese Sake.。