九年级unit12过去完成时分解

构成：主语+助动词 had + 过去分词
1.They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel.
2.--Had you known anything about our school before you came here?
--Yes, I had. / No, I hadn’t.
一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去 完成时连用的时间状语有：
（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。 I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。 We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。如： They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
4.Amy had lost her purse and had to go to the police station. a. Amy lost her purse.
b. Amy went to the police station.
过去完成时典型错误例析： 1.昨晚我们看了电影。 a. We had seen the film yesterday evening.
５．李梅很高兴，因为她期中考试及格了。 a. Li Mei was very glad, because she passed the mid-term exam. b. Li Mei was very glad, because she had passed the mid-term exam. 当我们表示某动作或存在的状态发生于过去某动 作之前时，那么这个动作或状态要用过去完成时 态。句中pass the mid-term exam 的动作是发 生在过去动作was very glad 之前的，故pass 需用had passed表示。
复习巩固:动词的过去式和过去分词
blow draw grow know throw fly buy bring think teach catch blew blown drew drawn grew grown knew known threw thrown flew flown bought brought thought taught caught bought brought thought taught caught begin ring sing sink swim tell sell keep sweep sleep began begun rang rung sang sung sank sunk swam swum told told sold sold
a.Simon left school late.
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b.The football game started late.
3.Daniel arrived late --- he had gone to the wrong cinema.
a. Daniel arrived late.
b. Daniel went to the wrong cinema.
4.他昨天见到了Ｂill，他们已有两年没见面了。
a. He saw Bill yesterday. They haven’t met each other for two years. b. He saw Bill yesterday. They hadn’t met each other for two years. “他们没见面”是到“昨天”为止的（而不是 到现在为止），是过去的过去，故后一个句 子需使用过去完成时态进行表达。
1.Tom ran back to school because she had left her magazine in the classroom. a. Tom ran back to school.
b.Tom left her magazine in the classroom. 2.Simon left school late because the football game had started late.
b. The film had been on for five minutes when I got there.
在过去某一时间或动作之前发生或完成了的 动作，要用过去完成时。它的动作的起点为 过去，终点也为过去，即“过去的过去”。 而现在完成时的动作起点为过去，终点则为 现在。
3.到上学期末，他们已学会了五首英语歌曲。 a. By the end of last term, they have learned five English songs. b. By the end of last term, they had learned five English songs. by the end of last term 意为“到上学期末为 止”，显然它是“以过去某一时间为终点的”， 故只能用过去完成时态，不用现在完成时态。
b. We saw the film yesterday evening.
过去完成时所表示的时间是“过去的过去”，只有在 和过去某时或某动作相比较时才用到它。如果时间只 是一个单纯的过去时间，则句子只能用一般过去时， 而不用过去完成时。
2．当我到达那儿时，电影已经放了五分钟了。
a. The film has been on for five minutes when I got there.
kept kept swept swept slept slept oversleep overslept overslept
一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作 之前已经发生或完成了的动作， 即“过去的过去”。 ----|---------------- |--------------|------------> 那时以前 那时 现在