罗素的《WhatIHaveLivedFor》知识分享
(完整版)罗素的《WhatIHaveLivedFor》
罗素的《What I Have Lived For》我为何而生——伯兰特·罗素Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.三种单纯然而极其强烈的激情支配着我的一生。
那就是对于爱情的渴望，对于知识的追求，以及对于人类苦难痛彻肺腑的怜悯。
这些激情犹如狂风，把我伸展到绝望边缘的深深的苦海上东抛西掷，使我的生活没有定向I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.我追求爱情，首先因为它叫我消魂。
what i have lived for (课堂PPT)
Albert Einstein Remarks on Bertrand Russell's Theory of Knowledge When the editor asked me to write something about Bertrand Russell, my admiration and respect for that author at once induced me to say yes. I owe innumerably happy hours to the reading of Russell's works, something which I cannot say of any other contemporary scientific writer, with the exception of Thirsted Veiled.
have sought it finally, because in the union of
love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints
and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.
(1890) Enters Trinity College, Cambridge.
(1893) Awarded first-class B.A. in Mathematics.
(1894) Marries Alys Pearsall Smith.
(美文分析)What I Have Lived For
刘畅的作业英语0801What I Have Lived For /我为何而生Bertrand Russell / 伯特兰罗素Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.我的一生被三种简单却又无比强烈的激情所控制：对爱的渴望，对知识的探索和对人类苦难的难以抑制的怜悯。
这些激情像狂风，把我恣情吹向四方，掠过苦痛的大海，迫使我濒临绝望的边缘。
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy---ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves lonelines s---that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what---at last---I have found.我寻求爱，首先因为它使我心为之着迷，这种难以名状的美妙迷醉使我愿意用所有的余生去换取哪怕几个小时这样的幸福。
英语美文赏析：我为何而活 What I Have Lived For
英语美文赏析：我为何而活 What I Have Lived ForThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy — ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness — that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined.This is what I have lived for. I shall keep on living for this, for the sake of the immense future which lies in store.我一生所奉行的三大激情，虽然简单，但却强烈无比：对爱的渴望、对知识的追求，以及对人类苦难的难以忍受的怜悯。
What I have Lived for 我为何而生
What I have Lived for 我为何而生Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life:the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.对爱情的渴望，对知识的探求和对人类苦难不可谒制的同情，是支配我一生的单纯而难以抗拒的三种情感。
These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither,in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.这些情感如阵阵飓风,随意地把我吹得来荡去,有时吹过深沉痛苦的海洋，直抵绝望的边缘。
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy -ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours of this joy.我曾经追求过爱情，首先是因为爱情可以给我带来狂喜，这种狂喜竟如此强烈，以至于我常常会为了体验几小时爱的欢娱，而宁愿牺牲生命中的其他一切。
I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness-that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss.我曾经追求过爱情，其次是因为爱情可以摆脱孤寂置身于那可怕的孤独之中，那令人战栗的感觉，有时会掠过世界的边缘，把人带到寒气袭人且没有生命的无底深渊。
what ihave lived for
What I have lived for 我为何而生Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life; the longing for love. The search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds. Have blown me hitter and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.我的一生贝三种简单又无比强烈的激情所控制；对爱的渴望，对知识的探索和对人类苦难难以印制的同情。
这些激情像狂风，把我恣情吹向四方，掠过苦痛的大海，迫向濒临绝望的边缘。
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy –ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the of my life for a new hours for this joy. I have sought it, nest, because it relieves loneliness-that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it , finaly, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what at last – I have found.我寻求爱，首先因为他使我心为之着迷，这种难以名状的美妙迷醉使我愿意用所有的余生去换取哪怕几个小时这样的幸福。
翻译批评与欣赏 what i live for
• 这里写了追求知识的三个方面:一是了解人类心灵;二是了解星星为什么发 光;三是理解毕达哥拉斯思想的威力。这三方面实际上包含了人类知识的 几个重要方面:人类、自然和社会。
肺腑的怜悯。（泰云）
• 三种激情虽然简单，却异常强烈， 它们统治着我的生命， 那便是：对于爱的渴望， 对知识的追求，以及对人类苦
难的难以承受的同情。（译文4）
• These passions, like great winds, have blown me
Here ahnidththeerre,ainn dalltdhirietchtieonr, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of
• 3〉语义 共核语（正式语体（书卷语）、一般语体 （共核）、非正式语体（口语体）在词汇层次、短
语层次、句型层次和篇章层次都有区别）仍然为主，
但是这些常见的共核语在表意上既简练又准确，如 passion一词，就无法用feeling或emotion来替代。 另外正式语体的词也是显而易见的：govern比 control正式 ；hither and thither 为古旧用法，但是 用在这里比in all directions显得正式；verge比edge 更具有文学色彩，即比喻性用法(metaphorical use)。 修辞格也比较丰富。文中使用了多种修辞格，如明 喻、暗喻、蝉联、拟人、排比等。
• 散文特点：
罗素：我为什么活着
《我为什么活着》——罗素What I Have Lived ForBertrand Russell我为什么活着三股简单而非凡强烈的激情一直控制着我的一生：对爱的渴望，对知识的追求和对人类苦难不堪忍受的怜悯。
这三股激情，象阵阵巨风，把我在痛苦的海洋的路途中吹得任意东西，变动无常，直吹到了绝望的边缘。
我寻求爱，首先是因为它带来了欣喜若狂之情——欣喜若狂使人如此心醉神迷，我常常愿意牺牲我的全部余生来换取几小时这样的欢乐。
我寻求爱，其次是因为它能解除寂寞——那种可怕的寂寞，如同一个人毛发悚然地从这世界的边缘探望令人战栗的死气沉沉的无底深渊。
我寻求爱，最后是因为在爱的结合中我看到了圣徒们和诗人们所想象的预言中的天堂景象的神秘雏型。
这就是我所寻求的东西，虽然它也许似乎是人生所难以得到的美好事物，但这就是——最后——我终于找到的东西。
我怀着同样的激情寻求知识。
我希望理解人们的心。
我希望知道星星为什么发光。
我力图领悟毕达哥拉斯的才能，他的才能使数字支配着不断变动的事物。
在这方面，我只达到了一小部分，并不很多。
爱和知识，尽其可能，远远地把人引向九天之上。
倡怜悯总是把我带回到地面上来。
痛苦的呼号的回声在我心里回荡。
受饥挨饿的儿童，在压迫者折磨下受苦受难的人们，无依无靠而成为自己子女嫌恶的负担的老人，以及整个孤苦寂寞的世界，穷困与痛苦都在嘲弄着人生，使人们不能过应有的美好生活。
我渴望减轻灾难祸害，但是我力不从心，我自己也在受苦。
这就是我的一生。
我觉得我的一生过得很值得。
如果我还有机会的话，我将乐意再度过这样的一生。
人是能思想的苇草[法]帕斯卡尔思想形成人的伟大。
人只不过是一根苇草，是自然界最脆弱的东西；但他是一根能思想的苇草。
用不着整个宇宙都拿起武器来才能毁灭；一口气、一滴水就足以致他死命了。
然而，纵使宇宙毁灭了他，人却仍然要比致他于死命的东西高贵得多；因为他知道自己要死亡，以及宇宙对他所具有的优势，而宇宙对此却是一无所知。
罗素的《What I Have Lived For》
罗素的《What I Have Lived For》我为何而生——伯兰特·罗素Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.三种单纯然而极其强烈的激情支配着我的一生。
那就是对于爱情的渴望，对于知识的追求，以及对于人类苦难痛彻肺腑的怜悯。
这些激情犹如狂风，把我伸展到绝望边缘的深深的苦海上东抛西掷，使我的生活没有定向I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.我追求爱情，首先因为它叫我消魂。
What I had lived for 赏析
二、人生的幸福
有一天，罗素的一位年轻朋友来看他。走 进门后，只见罗素正双眼凝视房屋外边的 花园，陷入了沉思。
这位朋友问他：“您在苦思冥想什么?”
“每当我和一位大科学家谈话，我就肯定 自己此生的幸福已经没有希望。但每当我 和我的花园谈天，我就深信人生充满了阳 光。”
Composition background
Personal view
So,what we have lived for?Our life always end with death ,It is not how many years we live, but rather what we do with them. We'd say it is impossible for one to live
What I have lived for 我为何而生 Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the
search of knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair. 我的一生被三种简单却又元比强烈的激情所控制:对爱的渴望，对知识的探索和对人类苦难难以抑制的 怜悯。这些激情量像狂风，把我态情吹向四方，掠过苦痛的大海，迫使我濒临绝望中的边缘。 I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the ， that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what-at last-I have found. 我寻求爱，首先因为它使我心为之着述，这种难以名状的美妙迷醉使我愿意用所有的余生去换取哪怕几 个小时这样的幸福。我寻求爱，还因为它能缓解我心理上的孤独感，我感觉心灵的战采，仿如站在世界 的边缘而面前是冰冷，无底的死亡深渊。我寻求爱，因为在我所目睹的结合中，我仿佛看到了圣贤与诗 人们所向往的天堂之景。这就是我所寻找的，虽然对人的一生而言似乎有些遥不可及，但至少是我用尽 一生所领悟到的。
What I Lived For
What I Have Lived For---- Impression after readingWe people often ask ourselves what we lived for, what the real meaning of life?I don’t know how many people can really find the answer that come from the bottom of the heart of yours. Maybe just like the famous author Russell said:” Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and the unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.”I just think if everyone can lived for just like Russell said, maybe the life can be lived more easier and simple than now. But in another word, it seems that the three things are really essential.Why Russell put “the longing for love” the first place? Maybe the love is the source for everyone to live with. Many people think the word “love” stands only for the love between lovers, but I think it also stands for the love between families and friends. I think the love is the necessity for a person to live in this world, so just like Russell said, we lived for the longing for love.And the second, we all know the saying” Live and learn”, it means a person who live in this world need to learn till he or she die. I think the word “knowledge”that Russell said, is not only the knowledge in books but also the knowledge in live. For many people, the knowledge from the books is not so important and useful, and even the knowledge is impracticable. So the knowledge you learn from life sometimes is more useful and important. We live and we have to pick the useful things up from daily life, so just like Russell said, we lived for the search for knowledgeThe last thing is the unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. Uh…in fact, maybe this is a little different in nowadays. Maybe because of the increasing living press or maybe because of many another things, people in nowadays always think about themselves first, and the most important thing for them are always the personalinterests, so I think these make it different from what the Russell said. But there is a famous sentence said by Confucius ,“Man’s nature is good at birth”, so I think, if we just start from the start, then the unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind could be the thing we lived for.In a word, a person needs to find what he or she lived for, so that they can have the motive power to work hard and to build a brilliant future. So, let’s work out, to find what we lived for.。
What I Have Lived For
• What I have lived for是《罗素自传》的序言,《罗素自传》一共分为三卷。 • 第一卷记叙了罗素的早年岁月，他的家庭情况，他所受的教育，他最初的婚恋和他写作《数学 原理》一书的背景。《罗素自传》(第1卷)揭示了支配着罗素生命之舟的三种激情：对爱情的渴 望，对知识的追求，对人类苦难的同情。 • 第二卷记述了罗素在1914年到1944年间的生活经历，其中包括作者在第一次世界大战期间的和 平主义立场，作者的第二次婚姻，对苏联的态度，在中国的经历，与中国各界的交往，以及作 者在二战期间滞留美国讲学时所发生的一系列事件。 • 第三卷记叙了罗素在1944至1967年间的生活，其中介绍了他反对核武器试验、防止核战争、解 决世界争端、参加和平抵抗活动等一系列事件，体现了他的和平主义主张。 • 这篇序言是他的一篇咏志散文，若干年来为人们所传诵。在这短短的323个单词中，除却精美准 确的用词、飘逸优美的文风和悲天悯人的人文情怀，还有内部环环相扣的紧密逻辑，为人们所 叹服。
• 2、parallelism: • the longing for love, the search of knowledge, and unbearable pity for
the suffering of mankind
• 3、repetition:
• I have sought love... I have sought it...I have sought it...
• hither and thither [ˈhɪðɚ ənd ˈθɪðɚ] adv. • from one place or situation to another • (old English) often used in poetry for the purpose of sobriety and classic elegance. • 难民们四处逃奔，寻求安全之所。 • Refugees run hither and thither in search of safety.
伯特兰·罗素散文what i have lived for三个中译本的对比研究
伯特兰·罗素散文what i have lived for三个中译本的对比研究本文重点研究了伯特兰罗素（BertrandRussell）发表于1952年的著名散文WhatIHaveLivedFor三个中文译本，旨在比较三家翻译者在文体表达和语言表达方面的不同之处。
伯特兰罗素历史悠久，是英国哲学家、数学家、和政治活动家，也是20世纪西方哲学家之一。
他曾获得过诺贝尔文学奖，他发表的What I Have Lived For一文，以精炼的语言，满怀人生经验、思考的痕迹，深刻的描述了他的人生目标和人生态度。
本文重点比较了以下三个对What I Have Lived For的中文译本：1）王守义译本（王守义，1968），2）李和平译本（李和平，1997），3）杨晓峰译本（杨晓峰，2005），过文体表达和语言表达的对比，探究翻译者带来的不同翻译风格及其影响。
首先，本文分析了三家译者在文体表达上的差异。
王守义译本的文体传统而简洁，有着清晰的结构和严谨的思维逻辑，翻译的语言朴实无华；而李和平译本注重语言的流畅性，力求将原文以简练的语言和优美的文笔完整呈现出来；杨晓峰译本以“精雕细琢”的艺术手法，特别强调表达的深度，为读者提供更加深入的感受方式。
其次，本文从语言表达上比较三家译者的不同，比如翻译自由度、能力、翻译技巧等。
从语言表达上看，王守义译本以借鉴和直译为主，其语言表达比较简单；而李和平译本注重表达的准确性、完整性，以及考虑读者的理解性；杨晓峰译本重视语言的表达能力和情感上的传达，以更流畅的文体表现伯特兰罗素的文字。
最后，本文总结了三家译者的不同翻译风格及其优缺点。
无论是王守义译本的简练，李和平译本的流畅，还是杨晓峰译本的深入，都提供了一个把握翻译风格的有价值的参考。
本文通过对伯特兰罗素What I Have Lived For三个中文译本的文体表达和语言表达的比较，深入的分析翻译者的翻译风格和不同，提供了一个把握翻译风格的有价值的参考，为翻译者提供了新的视角，也为读者提供了更多的深度体验。
罗素：我为何而活_教案参考(附原文及参考译文)
析罗素自传序言汉译中的问题李靖民[摘要] 伯特兰〃罗素自传的序言What I Have Lived For（我为何而活）文采横溢、意味深长，深受读者的喜爱。
这篇序言在国内已有多种版本的汉语译文，有的被刊登在各种杂志上，有的被附上英语原文上传至网络，广为流传。
而这些译文虽然各有所长，却大多存在一些翻译上的问题，要么对原文理解得不够准确，要么在译文的表达上有失妥当，要么忽略了历史背景，值得商榷。
（文后附原文及参考译文。
）[关键词] 罗素自传；序言；翻译英国哲学家、逻辑学家、诺贝尔文学奖获得者伯特兰·罗素的散文不仅文笔酣畅、优美动人，而且逻辑缜密、言简意赅，正如王佐良先生（1998: 202）在其《英国散文的流变》中所说：“他力求想得清楚，说得准确。
”罗素自传的序言What I Have Lived For堪称其散文的经典之作，短短三百余字，即高度概括了作者对主宰其一生的三种激情的执着和对人生的热爱，文采横溢、意味深长，深受读者的喜爱。
然而，目前国内一些杂志上刊登的罗素自传序言汉语译文，以及网络上广为流传的附有英语原文的汉语译文则大多存在一些翻译上问题。
这些问题不仅会造成普通读者对原文作者表达意图的误解，还会对希望通过英汉对比来提高翻译能力的读者产生负面影响。
本文拟就这些问题进行分析探讨。
（序言的英语全文及汉语参考译文附文后。
）一、Unbearable PityUnbearable pity出现在第一段第一句Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind。
在这句话里，罗素提到了主宰其一生的三种激情，而当他提到第三种激情时，特意在中心词之前加了一个修饰语，即unbearable + pity。
浅析What I Have Lived for
浅析What I Have Lived for"What I Have Lived For"是一个引人入胜、一针见血的短篇随笔，由贝尔纳德·罗素所写。
这篇随笔提供了一个有启迪性的观点-什么是生命中最重要的？在这篇随笔中，贝尔纳德·罗素从他被分配的时间、人际关系、知识和乐趣等方面，探讨了怎样才能过一种有意义的生活。
通过他的个人经历和思考，贝尔纳德·罗素告诉我们，生活的意义在于追求知识、创造性工作和对别人的帮助。
首先，贝尔纳德·罗素谈到了他被分配的时间。
他指出：“我的时间似乎很少，但我以为足够把我知道的一些事情做到。
”这意味着他相信生命中的时间极其有限，因此必须利用每一分钟来做有意义的事情。
这种态度帮助他专注于实现目标，并理解社会和人类的重要性。
贝尔纳德·罗素的思想告诉我们，我们不应该把时间浪费在无意义的事情上，而是要利用它来实现自己的目标。
接下来，贝尔纳德·罗素谈到了人际关系的重要性。
他说：“几年前，我决定把对人性的理解放在生命的中心，因为这是我所需要的，也是我所热爱的。
”他相信人与人之间的关系是生命中最宝贵的财富。
这种关系可以是与家人、朋友、同事或其他人的互动。
他意识到，人们会带来帮助和快乐，因此，建立和维护好人际关系至关重要。
其次，贝尔纳德·罗素谈到了知识的重要性。
他说：“我一直想知道这个世界是如何运转的，并能够理解我所知道的一切。
”对于这个世界为什么这么运作，他一直有着好奇心。
这种好奇心在他的生命中占据了很大的比重，并且鼓励着他成为一个更好的人。
贝尔纳德·罗素的思想告诉我们，可以通过不断学习和探索来掌握知识，建立自信并提高自己的人生质量。
最后，贝尔纳德·罗素认为帮助别人是生活中的重要意义之一，他说：“只有通过为他人服务来感受生命的真谛。
”他相信，通过帮助他人，他不但能够提高他人生活的质量，同时也能够获得自己的成就感和反哺。
我为什么而活着课件
罗素生活的现实世界是怎样的？
饥饿中的孩子 被压迫被折磨者 孤苦无依的老人 全球性的孤独，贫穷和痛苦
这就 是生活在贫困山区的父子，他们一生别无所求。只求有一块属于自己的 土地。也许一辈子他们都不知道外面的世界是什么样子。他们没上过楼 梯，没打过“的士”，没进过电影院，可就是朴实勤劳的人们一代代的 供养着我们。皇天厚土无以回报。爱他们吧，至少在感情上尊重他们。 否则我们还谈什么人性？？
3月27日，在伊拉克巴士拉城外，一名伊拉克女孩惊恐地注 视背枪的美军士兵。伊拉克战争是2003年国际社会最重大的 事件之一。战争给这个古老国度带来深重苦难
？ 有多少孩子拿到这本书，能有这份兴奋
辍学后，12岁的杨荣在街头擦皮鞋为农村的弟弟挣 钱读书
同情人类不幸，保卫世界和平
他直接参加救弱扶困．第一次世界大战 间，他积极从事反战活动．1918年因给 反战报纸写社论被监禁6个月．1961年 为反对美国政府发展核武器，89岁高龄 的罗素偕夫人参与了伦敦游行示威．就 在他逝世的当天，还为中东战争给人民 带来的灾难忧心忡忡．
我为什么而活着
What I Have Lived For
作者简介
• 伯特兰· 罗素（1872—1970），出生于英 国，他2岁丧母，4岁丧父，由他的祖父 把他抚养成人。他一生坎坷，命运多舛， 但他始终坚强地生活。他后来成为一位 集众家于一身的伟人。他被称为“20世 纪最知名、最有影响力的哲学家”之一, 他还是著名的数学家、逻辑学家，社会 活动家。在1950年他又获得了诺贝尔文 学奖，被称为“百科全书式文学家”
只要每个人能够为我们的生活中任何一 片领域的进步而努力工作着，无论最终 他是否有成就，他的人生都是有意义的。 死只是终点，不是目标，进步的过程才 是我们每一个普通人共同的人生目标。
罗素的文章What_I_Have_Lived_For
What I Have Lived ForBertrand RussellThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy----ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness----that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what---- at last----I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of man. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led me upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes ofcries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people, a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.。
What I Have Lived For
What I Have Lived ForThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.三种单纯然而极其强烈的激情支配着我的一生。
那就是对于爱情的渴望，对于知识的追求，以及对于人类苦难痛彻肺腑的怜悯。
这些激情犹如狂风，把我伸展到绝望边缘的深深的苦海上东抛西掷，使我的生活没有定向。
I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness–that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what–at last–I have found.我追求爱情，首先因为它叫我消魂。
《我为什么而活着》知识清单
《我为什么而活着》知识清单一、文体知识哲理散文哲理散文是指以散文的形式讲哲理，启迪人生的文章。
可分为经典哲理散文、爱情哲理散文、生活哲理散文、友谊哲理散文等。
哲理散文一般十分工整，不但有散文“形散而神不散”的特点，还具有行文对仗的特点，十分有韵味，不仅余音绕梁，而且内容丰富，比起哲理诗歌、记叙文、议论文来，语言更优美。
二、作者简介《我为什么而活着》：罗素（1872—1970），英国哲学家、数学家、作家，分析哲学的主要创始人，世界和平运动的倡导者和组织者。
罗素1950年获得诺贝尔文学奖，主要作品有《西方哲学史》《哲学问题》《心的分析》《物的分析》等。
三、字音词义遏（è）制：制止，控制。
濒（bīn）临：紧接，临近。
深渊（yuān）：很深的水潭，比喻危险或困苦的境地。
星辰（chén）：星的总称。
俯瞰（kàn）：俯视。
四、主题概述本文主要回答文章标题提出的问题。
作者活着的三个理由或目标：第一对爱情的渴望；第二，对知识的追求；第三，对人类苦难不可遏制的同情。
字里行间都透出作者博大的胸怀和崇高的人格魅力。
五、鉴赏品读1.第①段运用了什么修辞手法?有什么作用?作者为什么会有这样的感受?运用了比喻的修辞手法，形象地表明这三种感情对作者人生强有力的影响。
“飓风”形象地表明这三种感情对作者的影响之大，作者所追求的原动力就是这三种感情，而“苦海”“绝望”则表明这三种感情在追求过程中给作者所带来的不安和痛苦。
面对追寻过程中遇到的挫折，人只能为自己的渺小感到无奈和绝望。
然而，因为这三种感情，作者永远不会放弃希望。
2.作者追求哪些方面的知识？希望了解人的心灵，希望知道星辰为什么发光，试图理解毕达哥拉斯的思想。
第一个方面的知识，是有关人的；第二个方面，实际上就是自然科学方面的知识；第三个方面，则是指社会科学方面的知识。
3.罗素同情人类苦难的具体内涵是什么？同情人类苦难包括同情饥饿中的孩子，同情被压迫被折磨的人，同情无助的老人，同情孤寂、贫穷和痛苦的世界。
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谢谢3 mockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate this evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. 爱情和知识只要存在，总是向上导往天堂。但是，怜悯又总是把我带回人间。痛苦的呼喊在我心中反响回荡，孩子们受饥荒煎熬，无辜者被压迫者折磨，孤弱无助的老人在自己的儿子眼中变成可恶的累赘，以及世上触目皆是的孤独、贫困和痈苦－－这些都是对人类应该过的生活的嘲弄。我渴望能减少罪恶，可我做不到，于是我感到痛苦 This s been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me 这就是我的一生。我觉得这一生是值得活的，如果真有可能再给我一次机会，我将欣然再重活—次。 Pythagorean power 毕达哥拉斯 “万物皆数” 他形象的描述了教育的特性：“你能通过学习从别人那里获得知识，但教授你的人却不会因此失去了知识。这就是教育的特性。世界上有许多美好的东西。好的禀赋可以从遗传中获得，如健康的身体，娇好的容颜，勇武的个性；有的东西很宝贵，但一经授予他人就不再归你所有，如财富，如权力。而比这一切都宝贵的是知识，只要你努力学习，你就能得到而又不会损害他ave Lived For》
谢谢2 罗素的《What I Have Lived For》 我为何而生——伯兰特·罗素 Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair. 三种单纯然而极其强烈的激情支配着我的一生。那就是对于爱情的渴望，对于知识的追求，以及对于人类苦难痛彻肺腑的怜悯。这些激情犹如狂风，把我伸展到绝望边缘的深深的苦海上东抛西掷，使我的生活没有定向 I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy - ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found. 我追求爱情，首先因为它叫我消魂。爱情使人消魂的魅力使我常常乐意为了几小时这样的快乐而牺牲生活中的其他一切。我追求爱情，又因为它减轻孤独感－－那种一个颤抖的灵魂望着世界边缘之外冰冷而无生命的无底深渊时所感到的可怕的孤独。 我追求爱情，还因为爱的结合使我在一种神秘的缩影中提前看到了圣者和诗人曾经想像过的天堂。这就是我所追求的，尽管人的生活似乎还不配享有它，但它毕竟是我终于找到的东西。 With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved. 我以同样的热情追求知识，我想理解人类的心灵，我想了解星辰为何灿烂，我还试图弄懂毕达哥拉斯学说的力量，是这种力量使我在无常之上高踞主宰地位。我在这方面略有成就，但不多。 Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a