法律英语课件演示文稿
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法律英语ppt
im
a claim by a defendant against a plaintiff in a lawsuit intending to off-set or reduce the amount of the plaintiff's original claim against the defendant Counterclaims did not exist at common law; they are an invention of modern civil procedure. Examples
Service of Process
Definition
the act of delivering legal documents (to a defendant) ★Typically, a summons must be served with a copy of the complaint upon the defendant. ★The plaintiff is responsible for having the summons and complaint served.
US Civil Procedure
The Pleading Stage
Complaint
General
A civil action is commenced by filing a complaint or petition with the court. ★The initial pleading in a civil lawsuit that seeks only money damages might be called (in most US courts) a complaint. ★The initial pleading in a lawsuit that seeks nonmonetary or equitable relief, such as a request for a writ of mandamus or habeas corpus, custody of a child, or probate of a will, is instead called a petition.
法律英语课件PPT课件
• 如果一个人已经执业5年以上，那 么当他移居到另外一个州的时候， 通常不用再参加该州的律师资格考 试就可以获准执业。
• but generally those entitled to practice before the highest court of a state may be admitted before the federal courts upon compliance with minor formalities.
三年大学 法学学位 书面考试
法律英语
9
• Almost all states, however, make use of the Multistate Bar Exam, a day-long multi-choice test, to which the states adds a day-long essay examination emphasizing its own law.
• 律师 • 法官 • 检察官 • 法学教师
法律职业
变换频繁 Harlan Fiske Stone
法律英语
3
法律英语
4
Part 1 The Bar
• Bar——法庭中将公众与法官、律师 及其他诉讼参与人分隔开的隔板。
• 后来用于通指法律职业或律师职业。
美国律师协会
（ABA）
法律英语
5
法律英语
6
• 律师通常在一个地区执业
• 可以代表当事人到其他州办理事务
• 只是在被准入的州获得执业资格
法律英语
15
• It is customary to retain local counsel for matters in other jurisdictions.
• but generally those entitled to practice before the highest court of a state may be admitted before the federal courts upon compliance with minor formalities.
三年大学 法学学位 书面考试
法律英语
9
• Almost all states, however, make use of the Multistate Bar Exam, a day-long multi-choice test, to which the states adds a day-long essay examination emphasizing its own law.
• 律师 • 法官 • 检察官 • 法学教师
法律职业
变换频繁 Harlan Fiske Stone
法律英语
3
法律英语
4
Part 1 The Bar
• Bar——法庭中将公众与法官、律师 及其他诉讼参与人分隔开的隔板。
• 后来用于通指法律职业或律师职业。
美国律师协会
（ABA）
法律英语
5
法律英语
6
• 律师通常在一个地区执业
• 可以代表当事人到其他州办理事务
• 只是在被准入的州获得执业资格
法律英语
15
• It is customary to retain local counsel for matters in other jurisdictions.
法律英语专题ppt课件
trespass to land trespass to chattels (personal property) conversion
dignitary torts
defamation invasion of privacy
8
Torts Against the Person
Subcategories
torts against the person
assault battery false imprisonment intentional infliction of emotional distress
7
General
property torts
Statutes have been passed in attempts to ‘reform’ the tort system.
3
General
Most of them have related to procedural matters and amounts and categories of damages.
Requirements
The act must be overt.
Mere words do not constitute an assault.
10
Assault
There must be an accompanying act.
The defendant must have the apparent ability to carry out the contact.
Examples
11
Assault
swinging a baseball bat at someone holding a rock and threatening to throw
dignitary torts
defamation invasion of privacy
8
Torts Against the Person
Subcategories
torts against the person
assault battery false imprisonment intentional infliction of emotional distress
7
General
property torts
Statutes have been passed in attempts to ‘reform’ the tort system.
3
General
Most of them have related to procedural matters and amounts and categories of damages.
Requirements
The act must be overt.
Mere words do not constitute an assault.
10
Assault
There must be an accompanying act.
The defendant must have the apparent ability to carry out the contact.
Examples
11
Assault
swinging a baseball bat at someone holding a rock and threatening to throw
法律英语lesson7criminallaw教材教学课件
Elements of criminal composition
Actus Reus
Mens Rea
Causation
Harm
The physical element of a crime, which refers to the voluntary act or omission that constitutes the criminal behavior.
• Incomplete crime and completed crime: Incomplete crime includes attempted crime, discontinued crime, and joint crime; completed crime refers to a crime that has been completed.
Motive and purpose
The motive refers to the inner reason that prompts the actor to commit the crime; the purpose refers to the actor's hope to achieve the result through the crime.
refer to the actual harm caused by the actor's criminal act to the protected social relationship.
Causal relationship
refers to the causal relationship between the actor's criminal act and the harmful consequences.
法律英语课件
3.National Law and International Law
Simply stated, national law is law which applies to a nation. International law is commonly defined as a body of rules that states and other agents accept as binding obligations in the world community.
If a law concerns the rights of individuals （often including a corporation as a “person”）or the duties owed to people in the society, the law is a civil law.
Essentially, civil law focuses on wrongs against individuals, whereas criminal law focuses on wrongs against the whole society.
An important feature distinguishing criminal and civil law is the sanction imposed on the wrongdoer. Criminal sanctions may include imprisonment while civil sanctions emphasize payment of money.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
inheritance law administrative law tort law property law criminal law
法律英语课件 (13)
2021/1/20
法律英语
28
Each branch serves as a check on potential excesses of the others.
每一个部门都作为对其他部门可能滥 用职权的制约。
2021/1/20
法律英语
29
宪法至上
The Constitution , law……, and treaties entered into by the President and approved by the Senate, stands above all other laws, executive acts and regulations. 宪法、按照宪法规定通过的法律以及总 统签署、参议院批准的条约高于其他法 律、行政法和条例。
action desired by most of the people
2021/1/20
法律英语
36
A dual process to change the Constitution
Congress may initiate an amendment 国会提起宪法修改动议
The legislatures of states may ask Congress to call a national convention
2021/1/20
法律英语
35
The process of changes should not
be facile 太容易
permitting ill-conceived
允许设计不周到
hastily passed amendments
仓促通过修正案
A minority could not block
法律英语经典表达PPT课件
4. Notwithstanding 无论……如何规 定；尽管有…的规定
Notwithstanding any law or practice to the contrary, it shall be lawful for, the court in any proceedings for an offence under Part II to comment on the failure of the accused to give evidence on oath. 即使任何法律或惯例有相反规定， 在因第 II部所定罪行而进行的法律程序中，法庭可 就被控人不宣誓作供一事加以评论。
2. In respect of/in connection with/with respect to 就… …
The Contract Price does not cover costs and expenses that are for Buyer’s account under this Contract, or any taxes (including but not limited to customs duty and value added tax) payable by Buyer in respect of this Contract.
In addition, with the prior approval of the Chairman and Vice Chairman, any director may invite any other person to attend all or part of any Board meeting, provided that such guest shall sign non-disclosure agreements in such form as the Chairman and Vice Chairman deem appropriate.
法律英语课件-CONSTITUTIONAL LAW(宪法)
Popular sovereignty
The government gets its power from the people. The idea was also stated in the Declaration of
Independence.
Federalism
It is the basis for the structure of government in the United States, federal form of government is one in which the states form a union and the sovereign power is divided between a central governing authority and the member states.
The doctrine of constitutional supremacy 宪法至上原则
The U.S Constitution is the self-designated supreme law of the land. It stands above all other law, executive acts and regulation .
The Congress appropriates funds for the executive branch and the judicial branch and may impeach and try members of the executive branch or the judicial branch;
Introduction to Constitution
The Constitution is the soul of law in United States. The Constitution states the framework for all American law. The constitutional law deals with the interpretation and implementation of the United States Constitution. As the Constitution is the foundation of the United States, constitutional law deals with some of the fundamental relationships within our society.
法律英语lesson5lawyer教材教学课件
VS
Case introduction
Provide a brief overview of the case, including the parties involved, the main issues, and the background information. Ensure that the introduction is clear and engaging.
Expert knowledge
Lawyers must have a comprehensive understanding of the law and legal principles, as well as the ability to apply this knowledge to practical legal problems. They must keep up-todate with legal developments and changes in the law.
3
Summative assessments include written assignments, presentations, and exams at the end of eachledge of legal English
Legal English Vocabulary
course arrangement
01
Teaching methods
02
Lectures, discussions, case studies, and simulations are
used to illustrate legal concepts and practical applications.
法律英语课堂PPT汇报(法律) -正本
may have caused the victim’s damage.
2014-8-8
法律英语
9
Causation
(2) If, in case of multiple victims, it remains uncertain whether a particular victim’s damage has been caused by an activity, while it is likely that it did not cause the damage of all victims, the activity is regarded as a cause of the damage suffered by all victims in proportion to the likelihood that it may have caused the damage of a particular victim.
damage from that time on.
Uncertain partial causation （不明确的部分原因 ）
In the case of multiple activities, when it is certain that none of them has caused the entire damage or any determinable part thereof, those that are likely to have minimally contributed to the damage are presumed to have caused equal shares thereof.
2014-8-8
法律英语
2014-8-8
法律英语
9
Causation
(2) If, in case of multiple victims, it remains uncertain whether a particular victim’s damage has been caused by an activity, while it is likely that it did not cause the damage of all victims, the activity is regarded as a cause of the damage suffered by all victims in proportion to the likelihood that it may have caused the damage of a particular victim.
damage from that time on.
Uncertain partial causation （不明确的部分原因 ）
In the case of multiple activities, when it is certain that none of them has caused the entire damage or any determinable part thereof, those that are likely to have minimally contributed to the damage are presumed to have caused equal shares thereof.
2014-8-8
法律英语
法律英语课件-legal English(2014)
准确阅读并理解复杂文章的能力
组织有关信息并得出合理结论的能力
批判性地推理能力
对他人的推理进行分析和评价的能力
LSAT考试满分为180分，最低分为120分
，其计算方法是根据选择的正确的答案的数目 来确定。选对25个左右，分数大概为130分； 选对39个左右，分数大概为140分；选对55个 ，分数大概为150分；选对72个，分数为160； 选对87个，分数为170分；选对98个以上，分 数为满分180分。一般好的学校要求的成绩都在 160分以上。考试成绩一般在考后五周左右由主 办机构寄出，直接寄给考生本人。LSAT成绩在 5年内有效。
到众多法律英语爱好者和法律工作求职者的
关注。TOLES考试包括三个等级：TOLES
Advanced; TOLES Higher; TOLES Foundation。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
考生应该根据自身的英语水平和法律知
识水平选择相应的考试，而不一定要三个等
级考试全都参加。TOLES考试每年3月、6月
、和11月举行3次
TOLES FOUNDATION EXAMINATION
ILEC作为ESOL于2008年推出的又一项崭 新的职业认证证书目前已被欧洲公司律师公会
、欧洲法律专业学生协会、国际青年律师公会 及欧洲青年律师公会认可。ILEC考察证书申请 人在法律领域运用英语的能力，分为听力（40 分钟）、阅读（75分钟）、写作（75分钟）和 口语（16分钟）四个部分。语言等级相当于雅 思（IELTS）5.0-7.0分。成绩分为三个及格等 级和两个不及格等级。
该考试的目的是以法律英语这门技术语 言为媒介，来核查考生对英美法民商事部门 法知识的掌握，从而满足律师事务所、公司 、法律机构、律师和法律系学生测评个人法 律英语水平的需要。
组织有关信息并得出合理结论的能力
批判性地推理能力
对他人的推理进行分析和评价的能力
LSAT考试满分为180分，最低分为120分
，其计算方法是根据选择的正确的答案的数目 来确定。选对25个左右，分数大概为130分； 选对39个左右，分数大概为140分；选对55个 ，分数大概为150分；选对72个，分数为160； 选对87个，分数为170分；选对98个以上，分 数为满分180分。一般好的学校要求的成绩都在 160分以上。考试成绩一般在考后五周左右由主 办机构寄出，直接寄给考生本人。LSAT成绩在 5年内有效。
到众多法律英语爱好者和法律工作求职者的
关注。TOLES考试包括三个等级：TOLES
Advanced; TOLES Higher; TOLES Foundation。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
考生应该根据自身的英语水平和法律知
识水平选择相应的考试，而不一定要三个等
级考试全都参加。TOLES考试每年3月、6月
、和11月举行3次
TOLES FOUNDATION EXAMINATION
ILEC作为ESOL于2008年推出的又一项崭 新的职业认证证书目前已被欧洲公司律师公会
、欧洲法律专业学生协会、国际青年律师公会 及欧洲青年律师公会认可。ILEC考察证书申请 人在法律领域运用英语的能力，分为听力（40 分钟）、阅读（75分钟）、写作（75分钟）和 口语（16分钟）四个部分。语言等级相当于雅 思（IELTS）5.0-7.0分。成绩分为三个及格等 级和两个不及格等级。
该考试的目的是以法律英语这门技术语 言为媒介，来核查考生对英美法民商事部门 法知识的掌握，从而满足律师事务所、公司 、法律机构、律师和法律系学生测评个人法 律英语水平的需要。
法律英语课件2 PPT
• 律师通常在一个地区执业
• 可以代表当事人到其他州办理事务
• 只是在被准入的州获得执业资格
• It is customary to retain local counsel for matters in other jurisdictions.
• 为处理在别的管辖区内的法律问题而聘请当 地律师是很平常的事。
before or after admission. • 在进入律师行业之前或之后不需要有学徒经
历。
• The rules for admission to practice before the federal courts vary with the courts,
• 在联邦法院执业的要求各州不同。
法律英语课件2
If there were no bad people, there would be no good lawyers. Charles Dickens, British novelist
倘若世上没有坏人，也就不会有好的 律师。 英国小说家 狄更斯 C
Background
• 律师 • 法官 • 检察官 • 法学教师
• 有些州曾把“本州居民”规定为申请律师资 格的前提条件。但联邦最高法院在1985年裁 定这种规定为非法。此外，在美国担任律师 的人并不必须是美国公民。
• One who moves to another state can usually be admitted without examination if one has practiced in a state where one has been admitted for some time, often five years.
各州律师联考 州综合问答题
• 可以代表当事人到其他州办理事务
• 只是在被准入的州获得执业资格
• It is customary to retain local counsel for matters in other jurisdictions.
• 为处理在别的管辖区内的法律问题而聘请当 地律师是很平常的事。
before or after admission. • 在进入律师行业之前或之后不需要有学徒经
历。
• The rules for admission to practice before the federal courts vary with the courts,
• 在联邦法院执业的要求各州不同。
法律英语课件2
If there were no bad people, there would be no good lawyers. Charles Dickens, British novelist
倘若世上没有坏人，也就不会有好的 律师。 英国小说家 狄更斯 C
Background
• 律师 • 法官 • 检察官 • 法学教师
• 有些州曾把“本州居民”规定为申请律师资 格的前提条件。但联邦最高法院在1985年裁 定这种规定为非法。此外，在美国担任律师 的人并不必须是美国公民。
• One who moves to another state can usually be admitted without examination if one has practiced in a state where one has been admitted for some time, often five years.
各州律师联考 州综合问答题
法律翻译 ppt课件
为求实现第一条所述各宗旨起见，本组织及其会 员国应遵行下列原则：
1. The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members.
一、本组织系基于各会员国主权平等之原则。
ppt课件
法律翻译
揭廷媛
ppt课件
1
Article 2 第二条
The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles.
automatically terminate upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of either opfpt课t件he parties hereto. 13
3. Archaism
- hereafter, herein, hereof, hereto, heretofore, hereunder, herewith；
12
serve（送达）
2. Formal Words frozen style (庄重文体) formal style (正式文体) consultative style (商议文体) casual style (随便文体) intimate style (亲密文体) prior– before; Subsequent to– after provided that-- but 尽量用大词是法律英语用词的一大特色 The Agreement shall commence on this day and
1. The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members.
一、本组织系基于各会员国主权平等之原则。
ppt课件
法律翻译
揭廷媛
ppt课件
1
Article 2 第二条
The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles.
automatically terminate upon the bankruptcy or insolvency of either opfpt课t件he parties hereto. 13
3. Archaism
- hereafter, herein, hereof, hereto, heretofore, hereunder, herewith；
12
serve（送达）
2. Formal Words frozen style (庄重文体) formal style (正式文体) consultative style (商议文体) casual style (随便文体) intimate style (亲密文体) prior– before; Subsequent to– after provided that-- but 尽量用大词是法律英语用词的一大特色 The Agreement shall commence on this day and
第二课法律英语
法律英语
24
第二第十二四十四页页，，课课件件共共有有1031页03页
每个州有一个律师资格考试委员会， 负责组织本州的律师资格考试。
考试时间一般设在每年的2月和7月， 每次考两天。第一天是综合法律考
试，内容涉及美国各种法律，形式为 选择题。第二天为本州法律考试，形 式一般为问答题和案例分析。美国律 师资格考试的通过率很高。
In contrast, solicitors generally engage in preparatory work and advice, such as drafting and reviewing legal documents, dealing with and receiving instructions from the client, preparing evidence, and managing the day-to-day administration of a matter. Solicitors can provide a crucial support role to a barrister when in court, be it in managing large volumes of documents in the case or even negotiating settlements outside the courtroom while the trial continues inside.
法律英语
15
第十五页，课件共有103页
相比之下，律师一般从事筹备和法律 咨询工作，如起草和审查法律文件， 处理客户提出的要求，准备证据，和 进行重要的日常管理工作。在法庭上 律师可以向大律师提供一个重要的支 撑作用，不仅是在处理大量的文件的 过程中，甚至在庭外进行谈判或庭内 进行审判。
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英国
Barrister 诉讼律师 大律师，出庭律师 Solicitor 初级律师（无权出庭
的律师）
• The regulation of the legal profession is primarily the concern of the states, each of which has its own requirements for admission to practice.
三年大学 法学学位 书面考试
• Almost all states, however, make use of the Multistate Bar Exam, a day-long multi-choice test, to which the states adds a day-long essay examination emphasizing its own law.
各州律师联考 州综合问答题
• The Multistate Bar Examination (MBE) is a six-hour, two-hundred question multiple-choice examination covering contracts, torts, constitutional law, criminal law, evidence, and real property.
• 如果一个人已经执业5年以上，那 么当他移居到另外一个州的时候， 通常不用再参加该州的律师资格考 试就可以获准执业。
• A lawyer may not only practice law, but is permitted to engage in any activity that is open to other citizens.
法律职业
变换频繁 Harlan Fiske Stone
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱPart 1 The Bar
• Bar——法庭中将公众与法官、律师 及其他诉讼参与人分隔开的隔板。
• 后来用于通指法律职业或律师职业。
美国律师协会 （ABA）
律师
美国
Lawyer Attorney Attorney –at-law Counselor Counselor –at-law Litigator 诉讼律师
• 有资格在州最高法院执业的人办理了一些无关紧要 的手续后可以在联邦法院执业。
• A lawyer’s practice is usually confined to a single community for, although a lawyer may travel to represent clients, one is only permitted to practice in a state where one has been admitted.
• 律师通常在一个地区执业
• 可以代表当事人到其他州办理事务
• 只是在被准入的州获得执业资格
• It is customary to retain local counsel for matters in other jurisdictions.
• 为处理在别的管辖区内的法律问题而聘请当 地律师是很平常的事。
• A substantial fraction of all applicants succeed on the first try, and many of those who fail pass on a later attempt.
• 全部申请者中大部分能在第一次考试中通 过，没有通过的人很多在后来的考试中得 以通过。
before or after admission. • 在进入律师行业之前或之后不需要有学徒经
历。
• The rules for admission to practice before the federal courts vary with the courts,
• 在联邦法院执业的要求各州不同。
• but generally those entitled to practice before the highest court of a state may be admitted before the federal courts upon compliance with minor formalities.
• In all, over forty thousand persons succeed in passing these examinations to the bar in their respective states.
• 每年各州有4万多人通过律师考试。 • No apprenticeship is required either
• 对法律职业的管制主要是州政府的事。各州 都有自己的允许律师执业的条件。
• Most require three years of college and a law degree.
• Each state administers its own written examination to applicants for its bar.
• 有些州曾把“本州居民”规定为申请律师资 格的前提条件。但联邦最高法院在1985年裁 定这种规定为非法。此外，在美国担任律师 的人并不必须是美国公民。
• One who moves to another state can usually be admitted without examination if one has practiced in a state where one has been admitted for some time, often five years.
法律英语课件演示文稿
If there were no bad people, there would be no good lawyers. Charles Dickens, British novelist
倘若世上没有坏人，也就不会有好的 律师。 英国小说家 狄更斯 C
Background
• 律师 • 法官 • 检察官 • 法学教师