法律英语PPT课件
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Criminal law法律英语刑法 PPT课件
- Extreme thoughtless of murder极端轻率谋杀罪
- Felony – murder重罪—谋杀罪
Manslaughter
- Voluntary manslaughter自 愿性非恶意杀人，故意杀 人 （比如激情犯罪crime of passion）
- involuntary homicide过失 杀人
Step 16 :Sentencing (three different types may be used)
Step 17 :Appeals
American criminal law classification
美国刑法种类
• 1.Criminal ACTS endangering degree（犯罪行为危害程度）： felony（重罪），misdemeanor(轻罪）
Step 1 :The Reported Crime (or “known offense”)
Step 2 :Prearrest Investigation (include three basic groups)
Step 3 :Arrest
Step 4 :Booking Step 5 : Post-Arrest Investigation (will vary with the fact situation)
My lecture topics ：
Death penalty sentencing plot
（死刑的量刑情节）
Basic situation
• American criminal law no specific reflect about the death penalty sentencing system, but the scope of the basic limit first-degree murder just executed, considering the consequences of a murder. Other must try to give every opportunity decreases victimised suspects miscalculation.
- Felony – murder重罪—谋杀罪
Manslaughter
- Voluntary manslaughter自 愿性非恶意杀人，故意杀 人 （比如激情犯罪crime of passion）
- involuntary homicide过失 杀人
Step 16 :Sentencing (three different types may be used)
Step 17 :Appeals
American criminal law classification
美国刑法种类
• 1.Criminal ACTS endangering degree（犯罪行为危害程度）： felony（重罪），misdemeanor(轻罪）
Step 1 :The Reported Crime (or “known offense”)
Step 2 :Prearrest Investigation (include three basic groups)
Step 3 :Arrest
Step 4 :Booking Step 5 : Post-Arrest Investigation (will vary with the fact situation)
My lecture topics ：
Death penalty sentencing plot
（死刑的量刑情节）
Basic situation
• American criminal law no specific reflect about the death penalty sentencing system, but the scope of the basic limit first-degree murder just executed, considering the consequences of a murder. Other must try to give every opportunity decreases victimised suspects miscalculation.
法律英语ppt
im
a claim by a defendant against a plaintiff in a lawsuit intending to off-set or reduce the amount of the plaintiff's original claim against the defendant Counterclaims did not exist at common law; they are an invention of modern civil procedure. Examples
Service of Process
Definition
the act of delivering legal documents (to a defendant) ★Typically, a summons must be served with a copy of the complaint upon the defendant. ★The plaintiff is responsible for having the summons and complaint served.
US Civil Procedure
The Pleading Stage
Complaint
General
A civil action is commenced by filing a complaint or petition with the court. ★The initial pleading in a civil lawsuit that seeks only money damages might be called (in most US courts) a complaint. ★The initial pleading in a lawsuit that seeks nonmonetary or equitable relief, such as a request for a writ of mandamus or habeas corpus, custody of a child, or probate of a will, is instead called a petition.
法律英语课件PPT课件
• 如果一个人已经执业5年以上，那 么当他移居到另外一个州的时候， 通常不用再参加该州的律师资格考 试就可以获准执业。
• but generally those entitled to practice before the highest court of a state may be admitted before the federal courts upon compliance with minor formalities.
三年大学 法学学位 书面考试
法律英语
9
• Almost all states, however, make use of the Multistate Bar Exam, a day-long multi-choice test, to which the states adds a day-long essay examination emphasizing its own law.
• 律师 • 法官 • 检察官 • 法学教师
法律职业
变换频繁 Harlan Fiske Stone
法律英语
3
法律英语
4
Part 1 The Bar
• Bar——法庭中将公众与法官、律师 及其他诉讼参与人分隔开的隔板。
• 后来用于通指法律职业或律师职业。
美国律师协会
（ABA）
法律英语
5
法律英语
6
• 律师通常在一个地区执业
• 可以代表当事人到其他州办理事务
• 只是在被准入的州获得执业资格
法律英语
15
• It is customary to retain local counsel for matters in other jurisdictions.
• but generally those entitled to practice before the highest court of a state may be admitted before the federal courts upon compliance with minor formalities.
三年大学 法学学位 书面考试
法律英语
9
• Almost all states, however, make use of the Multistate Bar Exam, a day-long multi-choice test, to which the states adds a day-long essay examination emphasizing its own law.
• 律师 • 法官 • 检察官 • 法学教师
法律职业
变换频繁 Harlan Fiske Stone
法律英语
3
法律英语
4
Part 1 The Bar
• Bar——法庭中将公众与法官、律师 及其他诉讼参与人分隔开的隔板。
• 后来用于通指法律职业或律师职业。
美国律师协会
（ABA）
法律英语
5
法律英语
6
• 律师通常在一个地区执业
• 可以代表当事人到其他州办理事务
• 只是在被准入的州获得执业资格
法律英语
15
• It is customary to retain local counsel for matters in other jurisdictions.
法律英语课件 第一讲Legal English (2)
我学英语仅仅是为了看电影看得爽一点。 （剑走偏锋的英文学习之路）
其实学英语就是一种态度，只要你敢说，老 外就敢懂。（这很重要）
对了，不但要敢说，还要敢说得慢。
For me, English just a tool of communication, so in my class you are free to ask any thing, I mean any thing, with one condition, which is in English.
The first lawyer replies,
“It’s the $100 I owe you.”
课ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้练习：
Confusing English 1. Sporting house 2. Dead president 3. Confidence man 4. Rest room 5. Dressing room 6. Horse sense 7. In ones birthday suit 8. An apple of love 9. Have a fit 10. Pull up ones socks
“You lawyers are so materialistic. You make me sick.” The officer snapped, “You are so upset about your stupid BMW, that you didn’t even notice that your left arm was ripped off in the accident.”
While this is going on, one of the lawyers jams something into the other lawyer’s hand. Without looking down, the second lawyer whispers, “What is this?”
法律英语课件
3.National Law and International Law
Simply stated, national law is law which applies to a nation. International law is commonly defined as a body of rules that states and other agents accept as binding obligations in the world community.
If a law concerns the rights of individuals （often including a corporation as a “person”）or the duties owed to people in the society, the law is a civil law.
Essentially, civil law focuses on wrongs against individuals, whereas criminal law focuses on wrongs against the whole society.
An important feature distinguishing criminal and civil law is the sanction imposed on the wrongdoer. Criminal sanctions may include imprisonment while civil sanctions emphasize payment of money.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
inheritance law administrative law tort law property law criminal law
法律英语经典表达PPT课件
4. Notwithstanding 无论……如何规 定；尽管有…的规定
Notwithstanding any law or practice to the contrary, it shall be lawful for, the court in any proceedings for an offence under Part II to comment on the failure of the accused to give evidence on oath. 即使任何法律或惯例有相反规定， 在因第 II部所定罪行而进行的法律程序中，法庭可 就被控人不宣誓作供一事加以评论。
2. In respect of/in connection with/with respect to 就… …
The Contract Price does not cover costs and expenses that are for Buyer’s account under this Contract, or any taxes (including but not limited to customs duty and value added tax) payable by Buyer in respect of this Contract.
In addition, with the prior approval of the Chairman and Vice Chairman, any director may invite any other person to attend all or part of any Board meeting, provided that such guest shall sign non-disclosure agreements in such form as the Chairman and Vice Chairman deem appropriate.
法律英语课堂PPT汇报(法律) -正本
may have caused the victim’s damage.
2014-8-8
法律英语
9
Causation
(2) If, in case of multiple victims, it remains uncertain whether a particular victim’s damage has been caused by an activity, while it is likely that it did not cause the damage of all victims, the activity is regarded as a cause of the damage suffered by all victims in proportion to the likelihood that it may have caused the damage of a particular victim.
damage from that time on.
Uncertain partial causation （不明确的部分原因 ）
In the case of multiple activities, when it is certain that none of them has caused the entire damage or any determinable part thereof, those that are likely to have minimally contributed to the damage are presumed to have caused equal shares thereof.
2014-8-8
法律英语
2014-8-8
法律英语
9
Causation
(2) If, in case of multiple victims, it remains uncertain whether a particular victim’s damage has been caused by an activity, while it is likely that it did not cause the damage of all victims, the activity is regarded as a cause of the damage suffered by all victims in proportion to the likelihood that it may have caused the damage of a particular victim.
damage from that time on.
Uncertain partial causation （不明确的部分原因 ）
In the case of multiple activities, when it is certain that none of them has caused the entire damage or any determinable part thereof, those that are likely to have minimally contributed to the damage are presumed to have caused equal shares thereof.
2014-8-8
法律英语
法律英语Unit.ppt
破坏社会主义市场经济秩序罪
Crimes of Infringing Upon the Rights of the Person and the Democratic
Rights of Citizens侵犯公民人身权利、民主权利罪 The Crime of Encroaching on Property侵犯财产罪
Roles of Law
Guiding Judging Predicting Warning
Criminal Law
Three main points
Crime-------felony, misdemeanor Punishment------guidelines for sentencing Criminal liability(age 14)
What is law?
The characteristics:
1. Law is a social norm(准则) regulating social relations or human behaviors.
2. Law is a social norm reflecting the will of a state.
Legal English
Joyce
Characteristics of Legal English
1.Lengthy and complex sentences 2.Archaic words and expressions tin words and expressions 4.Passive consruction
我国刑法第13条规定：“一切危害国家主权、领土完 整和安全，分裂国家、颠覆人民民主专政的政权和推 翻社会主义制度，破坏社会秩序和经济秩序，侵犯国 有财产或者劳动群众集体所有的财产，侵犯公民私人 所有的财产，侵犯公民的人身权利、民主权利和其他 权利，以及其他危害社会的行为，依照法律应当受刑 罚处罚的，都是犯罪，但是情节显著轻微危害不大的， 不认为是犯罪。”
Crimes of Infringing Upon the Rights of the Person and the Democratic
Rights of Citizens侵犯公民人身权利、民主权利罪 The Crime of Encroaching on Property侵犯财产罪
Roles of Law
Guiding Judging Predicting Warning
Criminal Law
Three main points
Crime-------felony, misdemeanor Punishment------guidelines for sentencing Criminal liability(age 14)
What is law?
The characteristics:
1. Law is a social norm(准则) regulating social relations or human behaviors.
2. Law is a social norm reflecting the will of a state.
Legal English
Joyce
Characteristics of Legal English
1.Lengthy and complex sentences 2.Archaic words and expressions tin words and expressions 4.Passive consruction
我国刑法第13条规定：“一切危害国家主权、领土完 整和安全，分裂国家、颠覆人民民主专政的政权和推 翻社会主义制度，破坏社会秩序和经济秩序，侵犯国 有财产或者劳动群众集体所有的财产，侵犯公民私人 所有的财产，侵犯公民的人身权利、民主权利和其他 权利，以及其他危害社会的行为，依照法律应当受刑 罚处罚的，都是犯罪，但是情节显著轻微危害不大的， 不认为是犯罪。”
法律英语PPT3 court
案件受理 军事法院直接受理下列案件： 遗弃伤员案； 虐待俘虏案。 即这两类军人的职务犯罪， 不由军队保卫部门侦查、不 由军事检察院公诉，由军事 法院直接办案。
• Special Courts
• Family court(U.S.& U.K.) • A family court is a court convened to decide matters and make orders in relation to family law, such as custody of children. • /courts/Famil yCourt.aspx
2015-3-18 法律英语 6
美国司法制度 特点
法院组织分为 联邦和地方两 大系统
2015-3-18
法律英语
联邦最高法院 享有特殊的司 法审查权 judicial review 通过案例审查 联邦或州的立 法或行政行为 是否违宪
7
美国联邦法院
普通法院
特别法院
U.S. Tax Court
the Supreme Court U.S. Circuit Court / Court of Appeals district court
Federal Courts
• 地方法院共有94所，分散在全国各州境 内，由1名法官独任审理。 • 上诉法院是第二审级法院。 • 最高法院设在华盛顿，由首席法官(chief judge)1人、法官(associate judge)8人组成。
• Each court of appeals has four or more judges who sit in panels of three to review district court decisions, as well as some decisions of administrative agencies. • 每个上诉法院都有4个或更多法官，他们组 成3人小组，审议地区法院的裁决和行政机 关的一些决定。
法律英语课件
03
Case Analysis of Legal English
Case selection and background
Case selection
The cases selected for the course are typically real life cases that have been heard by a course or trial, and are there of legal significance
Grammar
The grammar of Legal English is often complex and formal, using archaeological language and legal jargon
Synthetic Characteristics of Legal English
situations
Interpretation of Case Judgman
Interpretation of judgments
The course specifically includes the judgments or decisions rendered by the course or trial in each case Students are expected to read and interpret these judgments, understanding the reasoning behind the course's decision and its impact on the parties involved
Voice and Mood
The voice and Mood of Legal English are both formal and personal, emphasizing objectivity and precision in communication
法律英语PPT
II 要约 承诺 要约&承诺 承诺(Offer and Acceptance) Communication of Acceptance （送达承诺）
The General Rule Rule:
Acceptance MUST be Communicated to the offeror. HOWEVER, the offeror can waive（免除）this requirement either expressly or by implication implication. *Acceptance will only be effective to create agreement where the offeree is aware of the offer, (because an Offer is effective when it is Communicated to the offeree.)
What is an Invitation to Treat（要约 邀请）？
An Invitation to Treat is only a supply of information or a statement of intention. (Willingness to enter into Negotiations Negotiations)
I 合同的有效性 合同的有效性(The Validity of a Contract)
Freedom of Contract (契约自由) Bargaining Power: especially for Standard Form Contract （协议能力——格式合同） THUS, the law often intervenes （ 干 预 ） where one party seeks an unfair advantage as a result of his superior bargaining position. Such intervention will be made by Courts or Legislation such as the Sale of Goods Act, the Unfair Contract Terms Act, etc.
法律英语2PPT课件
各州律师联考 州综合问答题
完整编辑ppt
10
• The Multistate Bar Examination (MBE) is a six-hour, two-hundred question multiple-choice examination covering contracts, torts, constitutional law, criminal law, evidence, and real property.
• 哥伦比亚大学法学院院长
• 司法部长（总检察长）
完整编辑ppt
25
• In 1925 he was nominated to the Supreme Court. While on the Court, Stone was a strong supporter of President Roosevelt's New Deal legislation. Roosevelt appointed Stone Chief Justice in 1941. Stone died in 1946 at the age of 73.
• 有很少数量的律师为了从事工商业活动而 放弃执业。
完整编辑ppt
21
• The mobility as well as the sense of public responsibility in the profession is evidence by the career of Harlan Fiske Stone who was, at various times, a successful New York lawyer, a professor and dean of the Columbia School of Law, Attorney General of the United States, and Chief Justice of the United States.
法律英语课件
Part Two
• The American legal system, like the En glish, is methodologically mainly a cas e law system.
• 判例法
Common law legal system
普通法系
Case law
形成于英国，包括加拿大，澳 大利亚，新西兰，爱尔兰，印 度、巴基斯坦，马来西亚和新 加坡，香港地区也采用英美法
• Question Three: What are the difficulties in studying legal English?
A. (1)法律英语专业术语众多，有自身独特的含义/且用语正式。 action: 诉讼 consideration: 对价、约因 minor： 未成年 major： 成年 party： 当事人 instrument： 法律文件
the oldest continuous federal system the oldest practice of self-government
• The whole of its history belongs in the pe riod since the invention of the printing pr ess.
1. Legal system 法律制度 法律体系 法系
2.Reports of the United States Supreme Court 美国《最高法院判例汇编》：始于1790年亚历山大.达拉斯的
判例汇编，中间经过克兰奇、惠顿、彼德、霍华德、布莱 克、华莱士共7部以人名冠名的90卷判例汇编。 1874年后，判例援引一般只按《美国判例汇编》的卷号编排.
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⒍ … in order to give the man a wider berth. 为了更远地躲开那人
⒎…voiced their censure 便同声指责 ⒏ …. But the most unbelievable is
yet to come 但最令人难以置信的事 情还在后边. ⒐ I.O.U. 借据(由I owe you. 的音缩 略而成),亦可写成IOU ）
After-reading activities
A. Try to do the exercises according to the text
B. Translate the following sentences into English
In the legal process there is so much confusion that he even
Contents
Even if there should be a “perfect” legal system, law has to be maintained and enforced by man himself, and certainly man himself is far from perfect. Judges are often swayed by prejudices and in some cases are open to bribes in whatever form. Juries are swayed by emotions.
⒊ ….and our lawyers have yet to prove themselves 而我们的律师，尚待 自己证明.
⒋ look for loopholes in laws and even twist laws… 找法律的漏洞,甚 至歪曲法律. ⒌ … wobbling down the bridge… 摇摇晃晃地骑车下桥
In practice, howevern law and justice. There is no such a thing as a perfect legal system. Like all man-made things, a legal system is subject to
3rd period while reading (highlights of the text )
4th period after-reading activities
Teaching methods
Students read, the teacher asks questions and give detailed explanation by using PPT, or ask students to do PPT and presentation then the teacher gives comments and summary.
--- This should be done paragraph by paragraph.
Background Notes
In theory, law and justice should be one and the same thing. That people make laws is to ensure justice. Whether a country is advanced or backward is often judged by its legal system
Unit Five Law and Justice tracts
Teaching Plan
Objectives: Students will be able to: 1. Understand what is the meaning of justice 2. How to turn the Justice into reality
Language points
⒈ …. a legal system is subject to man’s weaknesses and prejudices. 法 制易受人的弱点和偏见的影响
⒉ Judges are often swayed by prejudices and in some cases are open to bribes in whatever form. 法官 们常被偏见所支配，而且在有些案件中可 能受贿.
Time allotment
1st period pre-reading activities (familiar with new words, terms, and background information)
2nd period while reading (highlights of the text)
suggests a mandatory study of some kind of semantic discipline for every judge, lawyer and juryman?
And lawyers? The legal profession is still young in our country and our lawyers have yet to prove themselves. In an advances capitalist country, a lawyer’s prime loyalty is often to his client, and many lawyers look for loopholes in laws and even twist laws to protect their clients. A skilful and successful lawyer is often someone who can help criminals, including murderers, escape justice.
⒎…voiced their censure 便同声指责 ⒏ …. But the most unbelievable is
yet to come 但最令人难以置信的事 情还在后边. ⒐ I.O.U. 借据(由I owe you. 的音缩 略而成),亦可写成IOU ）
After-reading activities
A. Try to do the exercises according to the text
B. Translate the following sentences into English
In the legal process there is so much confusion that he even
Contents
Even if there should be a “perfect” legal system, law has to be maintained and enforced by man himself, and certainly man himself is far from perfect. Judges are often swayed by prejudices and in some cases are open to bribes in whatever form. Juries are swayed by emotions.
⒊ ….and our lawyers have yet to prove themselves 而我们的律师，尚待 自己证明.
⒋ look for loopholes in laws and even twist laws… 找法律的漏洞,甚 至歪曲法律. ⒌ … wobbling down the bridge… 摇摇晃晃地骑车下桥
In practice, howevern law and justice. There is no such a thing as a perfect legal system. Like all man-made things, a legal system is subject to
3rd period while reading (highlights of the text )
4th period after-reading activities
Teaching methods
Students read, the teacher asks questions and give detailed explanation by using PPT, or ask students to do PPT and presentation then the teacher gives comments and summary.
--- This should be done paragraph by paragraph.
Background Notes
In theory, law and justice should be one and the same thing. That people make laws is to ensure justice. Whether a country is advanced or backward is often judged by its legal system
Unit Five Law and Justice tracts
Teaching Plan
Objectives: Students will be able to: 1. Understand what is the meaning of justice 2. How to turn the Justice into reality
Language points
⒈ …. a legal system is subject to man’s weaknesses and prejudices. 法 制易受人的弱点和偏见的影响
⒉ Judges are often swayed by prejudices and in some cases are open to bribes in whatever form. 法官 们常被偏见所支配，而且在有些案件中可 能受贿.
Time allotment
1st period pre-reading activities (familiar with new words, terms, and background information)
2nd period while reading (highlights of the text)
suggests a mandatory study of some kind of semantic discipline for every judge, lawyer and juryman?
And lawyers? The legal profession is still young in our country and our lawyers have yet to prove themselves. In an advances capitalist country, a lawyer’s prime loyalty is often to his client, and many lawyers look for loopholes in laws and even twist laws to protect their clients. A skilful and successful lawyer is often someone who can help criminals, including murderers, escape justice.