四川大学英语英美文学考研真题及参考答案(2008～2011)【圣才出品】

四川大学英语英美文学考研真题及参考答案（2008～2011）四川大学2011年英美文学考研真题考试科目：英语专业综合知识I. Explain any THREE of the following five terms IN ABOUT 50 ENGLISH WORDS each：(15points)1. Francis Bacon【答案】Francis Bacon: Francis Bacon, (1561-1626) was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, lawyer, jurist, author and pioneer of the scientific method. He served both as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England. Although his political career ended in disgrace, he remained extremely influential through his works, especially as philosophical advocate and practitioner of the scientific method during the scientific revolution. His essays are famous for its brief and wise quotations and the most widely-read works are his essays Of Studies, Of Truth and Of Death.2. Matthew Arnold【答案】Matthew Arnold: Matthew Arnold (1822-1888) was a British poet and cultural critic who worked as an inspector of schools. Arnold has been characterized as a sage writer, a type of writer who chastises and instructs the reader on contemporary social issues. Matthew Arnold started his literary career as a poet and he became one of the typical poets in Victorian Times. His most famous poetry is Dover Beach. Most of Arnold’s poetic production is beautiful, often formally impressive, yet he found it difficult to forge an industrial voice, perhaps because he found it difficult to come to terms with the Victorian world. After the age of forty, Arnold turned to be a prose critic, and defended culture against scientific materialism. His best known critical works are On Translating Homer, Essays in Criticism, On the Study of Celtic Literature, and Culture and Anarchy.3. George Bernard Shaw【答案】George Bernard Shaw: George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950) was the greatest playwright in the 20th-century England and ever won the Nobel Prize in 1925. Shaw expressed his views on a variety of subjects with great frankness and wit, producing a tremendous body of work, like Mrs. Warren’s Profession, Major Barbara, Man and Superman, Pygmalion and so on. Shaw was strongly against the credo of “Art for art’s sake” held that art should serve social purpose by reflecting human life, revealing social contradictions and educating the common people. Structurally and thematically, Shaw followed the great traditions of realism. With his wit and love ofparadox, he made full use of comic satire and brought a new kind of intelligence to the drama.4. The Southern Renaissance in American Literature【答案】The Southern Renaissance in American Literature: The Southern Renaissance( also known as Southern Renascence) was the reinvigoration of American Southern literature that began in the 1920s and 1930s with the appearance of writers such as William Faulkner, Tennessee Williams, and Robert Penn Warren and so on. Before the Southern Renaissance, the Southern literature was dominated by writers who supported the “Lost Cause”—the heroism of the Confederate army and civilian population during the Civil War and the supposedly “idyllic culture” that existed in the South before the war. The Southern Renaissance changed this by addressing three major themes in their works. they are 1) The burden of history in a place where many people still remembered slavery, Reconstruction, and a devastating military defeat, 2) the South's conservative culture, specifically on how an individual could exist without losing a sense of identity in a region where family, religion, and community were more highly valued than one's personal and social life, 3) the South's troubled history in regards to racial issues. They also brought new modernistic techniques such as stream of consciousness and complex narrative techniques to their works (as Faulkner did in his novel As I Lay Dying).5. The Waste Land【答案】The Waste Land: The Waste Land is the best-known poem by T. S. Eliot and was published in 1922 after being revised by Ezra Pound. It is a long poem of 433 lines, mainly free verse with occasional snatches of rhyme and with many quoted lines in German, French, Italian and references and allusions to English writers as Spenser, Shakespeare, Middleton, Milton and Goldsmith. It is a landmark in English poetry, ending the Romantic period and signifying the emergence of Modernism. The poem is divided into 5 parts, “The Burial of the Dead”, “A Game of Chess”, “The First Sermon”, “Death by the Water” and “What the Thunder Said”. As a whole, it gives a picture of the spiritual ruins in Europe shortly after the end of World War I, and expresses the disillusionment of a generation of intellectuals.Ⅱ. Multiple Choice：(15 points)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write down your answer on the answer sheet.1. Natty Bumppo is the protagonist appearing in a series of five novels written by ______.A. Mark TwainB. Theodore DreiserC. Nathaniel HawthorneD. James Fenimore Cooper【答案】D【解析】James Fenimore Cooper (库伯) 是美国浪漫主义时期早期的代表作家之一，Natty Bumppo是他的五部曲Leatherstocking T ales（《皮袜子故事集》）的主人公。