英语句子结构分析成分最终版.ppt
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She makes her mother angry．
The teacher asked me to read the passage.
.,.,
7
1. 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east （名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe.（不定式） What he needs is a book.（主语从句）
A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon
.,.,
10
3. 表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示 主语的性质、状态和特征。
He isБайду номын сангаасa teacher.
（名词）
You don’t look it.
（代词）
Five and five is ten.
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
.,.,
8
(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词
1.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
（数词）
He is asleep.
（形容词）
His father is in.
（副词）
The picture is on the wall.
(介词短语)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分 词）
The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）
•The girl read the books. / The books pleased the girl.
•Stephen apologized at once.
•Does the shop close at 7 tonight?
•Shut the door.
.,.,
6
•What a slow train this is!
2.The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
3. To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
.,.,
9
谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为 或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。
We study English. He is asleep. (二). 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I don't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A.
get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus?
A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
Mary can swim, can’t she?
3）祈使句：Be careful, boys.
Don’t talk in class
4）感叹句：How clever the boy is!
.,.,
2
按句子的结构可分三种：
1) 简单句 2) 并列句 3) 复合句
.,.,
3
简单句
主谓 Things change./day broke 主系表 He remains unhappy/He is a doctor 主谓宾 She knows the facts/he enjoys swimming 主谓宾宾 She brings us happiness/He asked me a question 主谓宾宾补 I found the book easy/he watched the girl coming out of the room.
英语句子成分和英语句子结 构讲解及练习
.,.,
1
句子种类两种分类法
按句子的用途可分四种：
1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：
He is six years old.
2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：
Do they like skating?
How old is he?
Which one you prefer, yellow one or red one?
.,.,
11
（常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起 来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃 起来）, remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）……
It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange. Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin. The food smells delicious. The food tastes good. The door remains open. Now I feel tired.
.,.,
4
.,.,
5
简单句(simple sentence) 只有一个限定动词（即只有
一个主谓结构），它是最小的句子单位。主要起下列四 种作用中的一种。
• 作一种陈述 • 提出一个问题 • 发出一种命令或请求 • 表示一种感叹
•Examples:
•The boy hit the dog. / The dog bit the boy.
简单句的五个基本句型
主语 ＋ 不及物动词 She came．.
主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋宾语
She likes English. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋主语补语
She is happy． 主语 ＋ 动词 ＋间接宾语 ＋直接宾语
She gave John a book．
She bought a book for me. 主语 ＋ 动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语
The teacher asked me to read the passage.
.,.,
7
1. 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east （名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe.（不定式） What he needs is a book.（主语从句）
A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon
.,.,
10
3. 表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示 主语的性质、状态和特征。
He isБайду номын сангаасa teacher.
（名词）
You don’t look it.
（代词）
Five and five is ten.
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
.,.,
8
(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词
1.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
（数词）
He is asleep.
（形容词）
His father is in.
（副词）
The picture is on the wall.
(介词短语)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分 词）
The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）
•The girl read the books. / The books pleased the girl.
•Stephen apologized at once.
•Does the shop close at 7 tonight?
•Shut the door.
.,.,
6
•What a slow train this is!
2.The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
3. To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
.,.,
9
谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为 或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。
We study English. He is asleep. (二). 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I don't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A.
get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus?
A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
Mary can swim, can’t she?
3）祈使句：Be careful, boys.
Don’t talk in class
4）感叹句：How clever the boy is!
.,.,
2
按句子的结构可分三种：
1) 简单句 2) 并列句 3) 复合句
.,.,
3
简单句
主谓 Things change./day broke 主系表 He remains unhappy/He is a doctor 主谓宾 She knows the facts/he enjoys swimming 主谓宾宾 She brings us happiness/He asked me a question 主谓宾宾补 I found the book easy/he watched the girl coming out of the room.
英语句子成分和英语句子结 构讲解及练习
.,.,
1
句子种类两种分类法
按句子的用途可分四种：
1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：
He is six years old.
2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：
Do they like skating?
How old is he?
Which one you prefer, yellow one or red one?
.,.,
11
（常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起 来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃 起来）, remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）……
It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange. Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin. The food smells delicious. The food tastes good. The door remains open. Now I feel tired.
.,.,
4
.,.,
5
简单句(simple sentence) 只有一个限定动词（即只有
一个主谓结构），它是最小的句子单位。主要起下列四 种作用中的一种。
• 作一种陈述 • 提出一个问题 • 发出一种命令或请求 • 表示一种感叹
•Examples:
•The boy hit the dog. / The dog bit the boy.
简单句的五个基本句型
主语 ＋ 不及物动词 She came．.
主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋宾语
She likes English. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋主语补语
She is happy． 主语 ＋ 动词 ＋间接宾语 ＋直接宾语
She gave John a book．
She bought a book for me. 主语 ＋ 动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语