试卷-2012.6 及参考答案

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2012年6月大学英语六级考试CET6真题及答案解析word版本

2012年6月16日大学英语六级考试CET6真题Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal CommunicationPart Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Directions: In this part. You will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)、B)、C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Three-Year SolutionHartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes New York, makes this offer to well prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of four, and save about 543,000—the amount of one year’s tuition and fees. A number of innovative colleges are making the same offer to students anxious about saving time and money. That’s both an opportunity and a warning for the best higher-education system in the world.The United States has almost all of the world’s best universities. A recent Chinese survey ranks 35 American universities among the top 50, eight among the top 10. Our research universities have been the key to developing the competitiveadvan tages that help Americans produce 25% of all the world’s wealth. In 2007, 623,805 of the world’s brightest students were attracted to American universities.Yet, there are signs of peril (危险)within American higher education. U.S. colleges have to compete in the marketplace. Students may choose among 6,000 public, private, nonprofit, for profit, or religious institutions of higher learning. In addition, almost all of the 532 billion the federal government provides for university research is awarded competitively.But many colleges and universities are stuck in the past. For instance, the idea of the fall-to-spring“school year”hasn’t changed much since before the American Revolution, when we were a summer stretch no longer makes sense. Former George Washington University president Stephen Trachtenberg estimates that a typical college uses its facilities for academic purposes a little more than half the calendar year.“While college facilities sit idle, they continue to generate maintenance expenses that cont ribute to the high cost of running a college,” he has written.Within academic departments, tenure(终身职位)，combined withage-discrimination laws, makes faculty turnover—critical for a university to remain current in changing times—difficult. Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure system often stifles(压制)them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging like-mindedness and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas.Meanwhile, tuition has soared, leaving graduating students with unprecedented loan debt. Strong campus presidents to manage these problems are becoming harder to find, and to keep. In fact, students now stay on campus almost as long as their presidents. The average amount of time students now take to complete an undergraduate degree has stretched to six years and seven months as students interrupted by work, inconvenienced by unavailable classes, or lured by one more football season find it hard to graduate.Congress has tried to help students with college costs through Pell Grants and other forms of tuition support. But some of their fixes have made the problem worse. The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do. Filling out these forms consumes 7% of every tuition dollar.For all of these reasons, some colleges like Hartwick are rethinking the old way of doing things and questioning decades-old assumptions about what a college degree means. For instance, why does it have to take four years to earn a diploma? This fall, 16 first-year students and four second-year students at Hartwick enrolled in the school’s new three year degree program. According to the college, the plan is designed for high-ability, highly motivated student who wish to save money or to move along more rapidly toward advanced degrees.By eliminating that extra year, there year degree students save 25% in costs. Instead of taking 30 credits a year, these students take 40. During January, Hartwick runs a four week course during which students may earn three to four credits on or off campus, including a number of international sites. Summer courses are not required, but a student may enroll in them—and pay extra. Three year students get first crack at course registration. There are no changes in the number of courses professors teach or in their pay.The three-year degree isn’t a new idea. Geniuses have always breezed through. Judson College, a 350-student institution in Alabama, has offered students athree-year option for 40 years. Students attend “short terms” in May and June to earnthe credits required for graduation. Bates College in Maine and Ball State University in Indiana are among other colleges offering three-year options.Changes at the high-school level are also helping to make it easier for many students to earn their undergraduate degrees in less time. One of five students arrives at college today with Advanced Placement (AP) credits amounting to a semester or more of college level work. Many universities, including large schools like the University of Texas, make it easy for these AP students to graduate faster.For students who don’t plan to stop with an undergraduate degree, the three-year plan may have an even greater appeal. Dr. John Sergent, head of Vanderbilt University Medical School’s residency (住院医生) program, enrolled in Vanderbilt’s undergraduate college in 1959. He entered medical school after only three years as did four or five of his classmates.” My first year of medical school counted as my senior year, which meant I had to take three to four labs a week to get all my sciences in. I basically skipped my senior year,” says Sergent. He still had time to be a student senator and meet his wife.There are, however, drawbacks to moving through school at such a brisk pace. For one, it deprives students of the luxury of time to roam (遨游) intellectually. Compressing everything into three years also leaves less time for growing up, engaging in extracurricular activities, and studying abroad. On crowded campuses it could mean fewer opportunities to get into a prized professor’s class. Iowa’s Waldorf College has graduated several hundred students in its three-year degree program, but it now phasing out the option. Most Waldorf students wanted the full four-year experience—academically, socially, and athletically. And faculty members will be wary of any change that threatens the core curriculum in the name of moving students into the workforce.“Most high governmental officials seem to conceive of education in this light—as a way to ensure economic competitiveness and continued economic growth,” Derek Bok, former president of Harvard, told The Washington Post. “I strongly disagree with this ap proach.” Another risk: the new campus schedules mighteventually produce less revenue for the institution and longer working hours for faculty members.Adopting a three-year option will not come easily to most school. Those that wish to tackle tradition and make American campus more cost-conscious may find it easier to take Trachtenberg’s advice: open campuses year-round.“You could run two complete colleges, with two complete faculties,”he says.“That’s without cutting the length of students’ vacations, in creasing class sizes, or requiring faculty to teach more.”Whether they experiment with three-year degrees, offer year-round classes, challenge the tenure system—or all of the above—universities are slowly realizing that to stay competitive and relevant they must adapt to a rapidly changing world.Expanding the three-year option may be difficult, but it may be less difficult than asking Congress for additional financial help, asking legislators for more state support, or asking students even higher tuition payments. Campuses willing to adopt convenient schedules along with more focused, less-expensive degrees may find that they have a competitive advantage in attracting bright, motivated students. These sorts of innovations can help American universities avoid the perils of success.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2012年6月全国大学英语四级考试真题参考答案

2012年6月全国大学英语四级考试真题参考答案Part I WritingOn Excessive PackagingNowadays，the phenomenon of excessive packaging of goods is prevalent in our society．Wandering in the supermarkets，one might be dazzled by the fancy packaging of goods on the shelves．Although the government has concerned with the issue，the phenomenon still flourishes。

The reasons can be listed as follows．First，manufactures believe that they can attract customers’attention and stimulate their purchasing desire by means of over－packaging their goods，thus gaining more profits．Second，quite a number of consumers mistakenly hold the opinion that the more exquisite the package is，the better the quality will be，which encourages excessive packaging．In addition，most of this kind of goods are brought and sent as gifts to their relatives or leaders。

To my mind，excessive packaging can do harm to our society，for instance，it can result in the loss of precious resources and the shortage of energy．In the light of the disastrous consequences mentioned above，every citizen should be aware of the problem，and laws or regulations must be made to restrict the behavior of excessive packaging of manufactures。

2012年6月英语四级真题及答案(含解析)

2012年6月大学英语四级真题答案解析Part I Writing标准版Doing Shopping OnlineWith the development of the Internet, shopping is no longer a tiring thing. Just click your mouse to choose the articles you like, and the purchase is done. You don't even have to step out of the room. It seems all easy and quick.However, people's opinions vary on this trend. Some believe that on line shopping is time and money saving. With plentiful selection options, they can buy whatever they like at any time convenient. Still others insist that mis-purchasing alone is annoying enough, not to mention the credibility of the sellers and the safety of their accounts.In my opinion, the convenience and excitement of on line shopping is beyond all doubts. In the meantime, we must always bear in mind that certain traps do exist, so we'd better make sure the sellers are trustworthy before buying. In addition, we should also guard ourselves from the potential hackers who might steal our account information.文章点评：这是一篇“中等偏上”的学生作文。

2012年6月英语四级真题及答案详细解析绝对完整版

2012年6月大学英语四级考试真题试题及答案解析(完整版) Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes ) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Packaging Packaging following following following the the the outline outline outline given given given below. below. below. Y Y ou ou should write should write at at least least least 120 words 120 words but but no no no more more than 180 words. 1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象2.出现这一现象的原因出现这一现象的原因3.我对这一现象的看法和建议我对这一现象的看法和建议On Excessive Packaging Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C)and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Small Schools Rising This year‟s list of the top 100 high schools shows that today, those with fewer students are flourishing. Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands. As baby boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses, and, and, of of of course, course, course, better better better football football football teams. teams. teams. Only Only Only years years years later later later did did did we we we understand understand understand the the the trade-offs trade-offs trade-offs this this involved: involved: the the the creation creation creation of of of excessive excessive excessive bureaucracies(bureaucracies(官僚机构)，the the difficulty difficulty difficulty of of of forging forging forging personal personal connections between teachers and students.SA T scores began dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in in No No No Child Child Child Left Left Left Behind Behind Behind resulted resulted resulted in in in significantly significantly significantly better better better performance performance performance in in in elementary(and elementary(and elementary(and some some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress. Size isn‟t isn‟t everything, everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has has seen seen a noticeable countertrend countertrend toward toward toward smaller smaller smaller schools. This schools. This has has been been been due due due ,in ,in ,in part part part ,to ,to ,to the the the Bill Bill Bill and and and Melinda Melinda Melinda Gates Gates Foundation, Foundation, which which which has has has invested invested invested $1.8 $1.8 $1.8 billion billion billion in in in American American American high high high schools, schools, schools, helping helping helping to to to open open open about about 1,000 small schools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade, About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the country are taking notice, notice, along along along with with with mayors mayors mayors in in in cities cities cities like like like New New New Y Y ork, ork, Chicago Chicago Chicago and and and San San San Diego. Diego. Diego. The The The movement movement includes includes independent independent independent public public public charter charter charter schools, schools, schools, such such such as as as No.1 No.1 No.1 BASIS BASIS BASIS in in in Tucson, Tucson, Tucson, with with with only only only 120 120 high-schoolers and 18 graduates this year. It embraces district-sanctioned magnet schools, such as the Talented and Gifted School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engineering Magnet,with383,which share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors School in Buffalo, N.Y ., ., which which which grew grew grew out out out of of of volunteer volunteer volunteer evening evening evening seminars seminars seminars for for for students. students. students. And And And it it it includes includes includes alternative alternative schools with students students selected selected selected by by by lottery(lottery(抽签)，such such as as as H-B H-B H-B Woodlawn Woodlawn Woodlawn in in in Arlington, Arlington, Arlington, V V a. a. And And most most noticeable noticeable noticeable of of of all, all, all, there there there is is is the the the phenomenon phenomenon phenomenon of of of large large large urban urban urban and and and suburban suburban suburban high high high schools schools schools that that have split up into smaller units of a few hundred, generally housed in the same grounds that once boasted thousands of students all marching to the same band. Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif, is one of those, ranking No.423—among the top 2% in the country —on Newsweek‟s annual ranking of America‟s top high schools. The success of small small schools schools schools is is is apparent apparent apparent in in in the the the listings. listings. listings. T en T en years years years ago, when ago, when the the first first first Newsweek Newsweek Newsweek list list list based based based on on college-level college-level test test test participation participation participation was was was published, published, published, only only only three three three of of of the the the top top top 100 100 100 schools schools schools had had had graduating graduating Classes smaller than 100 students. This year there are 22. Nearly 250 schools on the full ,Newsweek list of the top 5% of schools nationally had fewer than 200 graduates in 2007. Although Although many many many of of of Hillsdale‟s Hillsdale‟s Hillsdale‟s students students students came came came from from from wealthy wealthy wealthy households, households, households, by by by the the the late late late 1990 1990 average test scores were sliding and it had earned the unaffectionate nickname (绰号) “Hillsjail. ” Jeff Jeff Gilbert. Gilbert. Gilbert. A A Hillsdale Hillsdale teacher teacher teacher who who who became became became principal principal principal last last last year, year, year, remembers sitting remembers sitting with with other other teachers watching students file out of a graduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment, “How did that student graduate?”So So in in in 2003 2003 2003 Hillsdale Hillsdale Hillsdale remade remade remade itself itself itself into into into three three three “houses,” “houses,” “houses,” romantically romantically named named Florence, Florence, Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300 arriving ninth graders are randomly(随机地) assigned to one of the houses. Where they will keep the same four core subject teachers for two years, before moving on to another for 11th and 12th grades. The closeness this system cultivates is reinforced by the institution of “advisory” classes Teachers meet with students in groups of 25, five mornings a week, for open-ended discussions of everything from homework problems to bad Saturday-night dates. The advisers also meet with students privately and stay in touch with parents, so they are deeply deeply invested in the students‟ success.“We‟re constantly talking about one another‟s advisers,” invested in the students‟ success.“We‟re constantly talking about one another‟s advisers,” says English teacher Chris Crockett. “If you hear that yours isn‟t doing well in math, or see them sitt sitting outside the dean‟s office, it‟s like a personal failure.” Along with the new structure came a ing outside the dean‟s office, it‟s like a personal failure.” Along with the new structure came a more demanding academic program, the percentage of freshmen taking biology jumped from 17 to 95.“It was rough for some. But by senior year, two -thirds have mo v ed up to physics,” says Gilbert ved up to physics,” says Gilbert “Our kids are coming to school in part because they know there are adults here who know them and care for them.”But not all schools show advances after downsizing, and it remains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a cure-all solution. The Newsweek list of top U.S. high schools was made this year, as in years past, according to a single metric, the proportion of students taking college-level exams. Over the years this system has come in for its share of criticism fo r its simplicity. B ut that is also its strength: it‟s easy for But that is also its strength: it‟s easy for readers to understand, and to do the arithmetic for their own schools if they‟d like.Ranking schools is always controversial, and this year a group of 38 superintendents(地区教育主管)from five sta states wrote to tes wrote to ask ask that that that their their their schools schools schools be be be excluded excluded excluded from from from the calculation.“It the calculation.“It is impossible impossible to to to know which know which high high schools schools schools are are are …the …the best‟ in in the the the nation, nation, nation, ”their ”their ”their letter letter letter read. read. read. in in in part. part. “Determining “Determining whether whether whether different schools different schools do do or or or don‟t don‟t offer offer a a a high high high quality quality quality of of of educatio educatio education n n requires requires requires a a look at man different measures, including students‟ overall academic accomplishments and their subsequent subsequent performance performance performance in in in college. college. college. And And And taking taking taking into into into consideration consideration consideration the the the unique unique unique needs needs needs of of of their their communities.”In In the the the end, end, end, the the the superintendents superintendents superintendents agreed agreed agreed to to to provide provide provide the the the data data data we we we sought, which sought, which is, is, after after after all, all, public information. There is, in our view, no real dispute here, we are all seeking the same thing, which is schools that better serve our children and our nation by encouraging students to tackle tough subjects under the guidance of gifted teachers. And if we keep working toward that goal, someday, perhaps a list won‟t be necessary.注意：此部分试题请在答卡1上作答. 1. 1. Fifty Fifty Fifty years years years ago. ago. ago. big. big. big. Modern. Modern. Modern. Suburban Suburban Suburban high high high schools schools schools were were were established established established in in in the the the hope hope hope of of __________. A) ensuring no child is left behind B) increasing economic efficiency C) improving students‟ performance on SAT D) providing good education for baby boomers 2. What happened as a result of setting up big schools? A) Teachers‟ workload increased.B) Students‟ performance declined.C) Administration became centralized. D) Students focused more on test scores. 3. What is said about the schools forded by the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation? A) They are usually magnet schools. B) They are often located in poor neighborhoods. C) They are popular with high-achieving students. D) They are mostly small in size. 4. What is most noticeable about the current trend in high school education? A) Some large schools have split up into smaller ones. B) A great variety of schools have sprung up in urban and suburban areas. C) Many schools compete for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funds. D) Students have to meet higher academic standards. 5. Newsweek ranked high schools according to . A) their students‟ academic achievementB) the number of their students admitted to college C) the size and number of their graduating classes D) their college-level test participation 6. What can we learn a bout Hillsdale‟s students in the late 1990s?A) They were made to study hard like prisoners. B) They called each other by unaffectionate nicknames. C) Most of them did not have any sense of discipline,D) Their school performance was getting worse. 7. According to Jeff Gilbert, the “advisory” classes at Hillsdale were set up so that students could . A) tell their teachers what they did on weekends B) experience a great deal of pleasure in learning C) maintain closer relationships with their teachers D) tackle the demanding biology and physics courses 8. is still still considered considered considered a a a strength strength strength of of of Newsweek‟s Newsweek‟s Newsweek‟s school school school ranking ranking ranking system system system in in in spite spite spite of of of the the criticism it receives. 9. 9. According According According to to to the the the 38 38 38 superintendents, superintendents, superintendents, to to to rank rank rank schools schools schools scientifically, scientifically, it it is is is necessary necessary necessary to to use . 10. To better serve the children and our nation, schools students to take . Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35minutes)Section A Directions: in this section you will hear 8 short conversations, one or more questions will be asked asked about what was about what was s aid. said. said. Both Both Both the conversation the conversation and and the the the questions will questions will be be spoken spoken spoken only only only once. once. After After each each each question question question there there there will will will be be be a a a pause. pause. pause. During During During the the the pause, pause, pause, you you you must must must read read read the the the four four four choices choices marked A)、B)、C)and D)、and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答案卡2上作案。

2012年6月大学英语三级(B级)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2012年6月大学英语三级（B级）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. V ocabulary and Structure 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Translation from English to Chinese 5. WritingPart I Listening Comprehension (15 minutes)Directions：This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections.Section ADirections: This section is to test your ability to give proper answers to questions. There are 5 recorded questions in it. After each question, there is a pause. The questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.听力原文：I am going to make coffee, would you like some?1．A．Don’t mention it.B．This way,please.C．No, thanks.D．You’re right.正确答案：C解析：说话者说他正在煮咖啡，问对方是否来一点(…would you like some?)，因此可以用“No，thanks．”回答。

听力原文：May I speak to Mr. Johnson?2．A．Sorry, he isn’t in.B．It’s over there.C．That’s very kind of you.D．I’d love to.正确答案：A解析：说话者说想要和Johnson先生通话(May I speak to Mr．Johnson．?)，而此时他不在，因此要回答“Sorry，he isn’t in．”。

201212cet6真题及答案详解

201212cet6真题及答案详解2012年12月英语六级真题及答案详解Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Man and Computer by commenting on the saying, “The real danger is not th at the computer will begin to think like man, but that man will begin to think like the computer.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Man and ComputerPart II Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）（15 minutes）Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on A nswer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Thirst grows for living unpluggedMore people are taking breaks from the connected life amid the stillness and quiet of retreats like the Jesuit Center in Wernersville, Pennsylvania.About a year ago, I flew to Singapore to join the writer Malcolm Gladwell, the fashion designer Marc Ecko and the graphic designer Stefan Sagmeister in addressing a group of advertising people on “Marketing to the Child of Tomorrow.” Soon after I arrived, the chief executive of the agency that had invited us took me aside. What he was most interested in, he began, was stillness and quiet.A few months later, I read an interview with the well-known cutting-edge designer Philippe Starck.What allowed him to remain so consistently ah ead of the curve? “I never read any magazines or watch TV,” he said, perhaps with a little exaggeration. “Nor do I go to cocktail parties, dinners or anything like that.” He lived outside conventional ideas, he implied, because “I live alone mostly, in the middle of nowhere.”Around the same time, I noticed that those who part with $2,285 a night to stay in a cliff-top room at the Post Ranch Inn in Big Sur, California, pay partly for the privilege of not having a TV in their rooms; the future of travel, I’m reliably told, lies in “black-hole resorts,” which charge high prices precisely because you can’t get online in th eir rooms.Has it really come to this?The more ways we have to connect, the more many of us seem desperate to unplug. Internet rescue camps in South Korea and China try to save kids addicted to the screen.Writer friends of mine pay good money to get the Freedom software that enables them to disable the very Internet connections that seemed so emancipating not long ago. Even Intel experimented in 2007 with conferring four uninterrupted hours of quiet time (no phone ore-mail) every Tuesday morning on 300 engineers and managers. Workers were not allowed to use the phone or send e-mail, but simply had the chance to clear their heads and to hear themselves think.The average American spends at least eight and a half hours a day in front of a screen, Nicholas Carr notes in his book The Shallows. The average American teenager sends or receives 75 text messages a day, though one girl managed to handle an average of 10,000 every 24 hours for a month.Since luxury is a function of scarcity, the children of tomorrow will long for nothing more than intervals of freedom from all the blinking machines, streaming videos and scrolling headlines that leave them feeling empty and too full all at once.The urgency of slowing down—to find the time and space to think—is nothing new, of course, and wiser souls have always reminded us that the more attention we pay to the moment, the less time and energy we have to pl ace it in some larger context. “Distraction is the only thing that consoles us for our miseries,” the French philosopher Blaise Pascal wrote in the 17th century, “and yet it is itself the greatest of our miseries.” He also famously remarked that all of man’s problems come from his inability to sit quietly in a room alone.快来下载吧When telegraphs and trains brought in the idea that convenience was more important than content, Henry David Thoreau reminded us that “the man whose horse trots (奔跑), a mile in a minute does not carry the most important messages.”Marshall McLuhan, who came closer than most to seeing what was co ming, warned, “When things come at you very fast, naturally you lose touch with yourself.”We have more and more ways to communicate, but less and less to say. Partly because we are so busy communicating. And we are rushing to meet so many deadlines that we hardly register that what we need most are lifelines.So what to do? More and more people I know seem to be turning to yoga,or meditation (沉思), or tai chi (太极)；these aren’t New Age fads (时尚的事物) so much as ways to connect with what could be called the wisdom of old age. Two friends of mine observe an“Internet sabbath (安息日)” every week, turning off their online connections from Friday night t o Monday morning. Other friends take walks and “forget” their cellphones at home.A series of tests in recent years has shown, Mr. Carr points out, that after spending time in quiet rural settings, subjects “exhibit greater attentiveness, stronger memory a nd generally improved cognition. Their brains become both calmer and sharper.” More thanthat, empathy (同感，共鸣)，as well as deep thought, depends (as neuroscientists like Antonio Damasio have found) on neural processes that are “inherently slow.”I turn to eccentric measures to try to keep my mind sober and ensure that I have time to do nothing at all (which is the only time when I can see what I should be doing the rest of the time).I have yet to use a cellphone and I have never Tweeted or entered Facebook.I try not to go online till my day’s writing is finished, and I moved from Manhattan to rural Japan in part so I could more easily survive for long stretches entirely on foot.None of this is a matter of asceticism (苦行主义)；it is just pure selfishness. Nothing makes me feel better than being in one place, absorbed in a book, a conversation, or music. It is actually something deeper than mere happiness: it is joy, which the monk (僧侣) David Steindl-Rast describes as “that kind of happiness that doesn’t depend on what happens.”It is vital, of course, to stay in touch with the world. But it is only by having some distance from the world that you can see it whole, and understand what you should be doing with it.For more than 20 years, therefore, I have been going several times a year—often for no longer than three days—to a Benedictine hermitage (修道院)，40 minutes down the road, as ithappens, from the Post Ranch Inn. I don’t attend services when I am there, and I have never meditated, there or anywhere; I just take walks and read and lose myself in the stillness, recalling that it is only by stepping briefly away from my wife and bosses and friends that I will have anything useful to bring to them. The last time I was in the hermitage, three months ago, I happened to meet with a youngish-looking man with a 3-year-old boy around his shoulders.“You’re Pico, aren’t you?” the man said, and introduced himself as Larry; we had met, I gathered, 19 years before, when he had been living in the hermitage as an assistant to one of the monks.“What are you doing now?” I asked.We smiled. No words were necessary.“I try to bring my kids here as often as I can,” he went on. The child of tomorrow, I realized, may actually be ahead of us, in terms of sensing not what is new, but what is essential.1. What is special about the Post Ranch Inn?A) Its rooms are well furnished but dimly lit.B) It makes guests feel like falling into a black hole.C) There is no access to television in its rooms.D) It provides all the luxuries its guests can think of.2. What does the author say the children of tomorrow will need most?A) Convenience and comfort in everyday life.B) Time away from all electronic gadgets.C) More activities to fill in their leisure time.D) Greater chances for individual development.快来下载吧3. What does the French philosopher Blaise Pascal say aboutdistraction?A) It leads us to lots of mistakes.B) It renders us unable to concentrate.C) It helps release our excess energy.D) It is our greatest misery in life.4. According to Marshall McLuhan, what will happen if things come at us very fast?A) We will not know what to do with our own lives.B) We will be busy receiving and sending messages.C) We will find it difficult to meet our deadlines.D) We will not notice what is going on around us.5. What does the author say about yoga, meditation and tai chi?A) They help people understand ancient wisdom.B) They contribute to physical and mental health.C) They are ways to communicate with nature.D) They keep people from various distractions.6. What is neuroscientist Antonio Damasio’s finding?A) Quiet rural settings contribute a lot to long life.B) One’s brain becomes sharp when it is activated.C) Eccentric measures are needed to keep one’s mind sober.D) When people think deeply, their neural processes are slow.7. The author moved from Manhattan to rural Japan partly because he could _______.A) stay away from the noise of the big city.B) live without modern transportation.C) enjoy the beautiful view of the countryside.D) practice asceticism in a local hermitage8. In order to see the world whole, the author thinks it necessary to __________.9. The author takes walks and reads and loses himself in the stillness of the hermitage so thathe can bring his wife and bosses and friends ___________.10. The youngish-looking man takes his little boy to the hermitage frequently so that when hegrows up he will know __________.Part III Listening Comprehension （35 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. Atthe end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Boththe conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will bea pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）, anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre.11. A) Ask his boss for a lighter schedule.B) Trade places with someone else.C) Accept the extra work willingly.D) Look for a more suitable job.12. A) It is unusual for his wife to be at home now.B) He is uncertain where his wife is at the moment.快来下载吧C) It is strange for his wife to call him at work.D) He does not believe what the woman has told him.13. A) The man is going to send out the memo tomorrow.B) The man will drive the woman to the station.C) The speakers are traveling by train tomorrow morning.D) The woman is concerned with the man’s health.14. A) The suite booked was for a different date.B) The room booked was on a different floor.C) The room booked was not spacious enough.D) A suite was booked instead of a double room.15. A) The reason for low profits.B) The company’s sales policy.C) The fierce competition they face.D) The lack of effective promotion.16. A) Go and get the groceries at once.B) Manage with what they have.C) Do some shopping on their way home.D) Have the groceries delivered to them.17. A) The hot weather in summer.B) The problem with the air conditioner.C) The ridiculous rules of the office.D) The atmosphere in the office.18. A) Set a new stone in her ring.B) Find the priceless jewel she lost.C) Buy a ring with precious diamond.D) Shop on Oxford Street for a decent gift.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Damaging public facilities.B) Destroying urban wildlife.C) Organising rallies in the park.D) Hurting baby animals in the zoo.20. A) He had bribed the park keepers to keep quiet.B) People had differing opinions about his behaviour.C) The serious consequences of his doings were not fully realised.D) His behaviour was thought to have resulted from mental illness.21. A) Brutal.快来下载吧B) Justifiable.C) Too harsh.D) Well-deserved.22. A) Encouraging others to follow his wrong-doing.B) Stealing endangered animals from the zoo.C) Organising people against the authorities.D) Attacking the park keepers in broad daylight.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) She has already left school.B) She works for the handicapped.C) She is fond of practical courses.D) She is good at foreign languages.24. A) He is interested in science courses.B) He attends a boarding school.C) He speaks French and German.D) He is the brightest of her three kids.25. A) Comprehensive schools do not offer quality education.B) Parents decide what schools their children are to attend.C) Public schools are usually bigger in size than private schools.D) Children from low income families can’t really choose schools.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, youwill hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) Encourage the students to do creative thinking.B) Help the students to develop communication skills.C) Cultivate the students’ ability to inspire employees.D) Focus on teaching the various functions of business.27. A) His teaching career at the Harvard Business School.B) His personal involvement in business management.C) His presidency at college and experience overseas.D) His education and professorship at Babson College.快来下载吧28. A) Development of their raw brain power.B) Exposure to the liberal arts and humanities.C) Improvement of their ability in capital management.D) Knowledge of up-to-date information technology.29. A) Reports on business and government corruption.B) His contact with government and business circles.C) Discoveries of cheating among MBA students.D) The increasing influence of the mass media.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) They have better options for their kids than colleges.B) The unreasonably high tuition is beyond their means.C) The quality of higher education may not be worth the tuition.D) They think that their kids should pay for their own education.31. A) They do too many extracurricular activities.B) They tend to select less demanding courses.C) They take part-time jobs to support themselves.D) They think few of the courses worth studying.32. A) Its samples are not representative enough.B) Its significance should not be underestimated.C) Its findings come as a surprise to many parents.D) Its criteria for academic progress are questionable.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) A newly married couple.B) A business acquaintance.C) Someone good at cooking.D) Someone you barely know.34. A) Obtain necessary information about your guests.B) Collect a couple of unusual or exotic recipes.C) Buy the best meat and the freshest fruit.D) Try to improve your cooking skills.35. A) Losing weight.B) Entertaining guests.C) Making friends.D) Cooking meals.快来下载吧Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is readfor the third time, you should check what you have written.People with disabilities comprise a large but diverse segment of the population. It is (36) ______ that over 35 million Americans have physical, mental, or other disabilities. (37)______ half of these disabilities are “developmental,” i.e., they occur prior to the individual’s twenty-second birthday, often from (38) ______ conditions, and are severe enough to affect three or more areas of development, such as (39) ______, communication and employment. Most other disabilities are considered (40) ______, i.e., caused by outside forces.Before the 20th century, only a small (41) ______ of people with disabilities survived for long. Medical treatment for such conditions as stroke or spinal cord (42) ______ was unavailable. People whose disabilities should not have inherently affected their life span were often so mistreated that they (43) ______. Advancements in medicine and social services have created a climate in which (44) . Unfortunately, these basics are often all that is available. Civil liberties such as the right to vote, marry, getan education, and gain employment have historically been denied on the basis of disability.(45)________________________________________________________________ _______. Disabled people formed grassroots coalitions to advocate their rights to integration and meaningful equality of opportunity. (46) . In the mid-1970s, critical legislation mandated （规定）access to education, public transportation, and public facilities, and prohibited employment discrimination by federal agencies or employers receiving federal funds. Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth）（25 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 47 to 54 are based on the following passage.A key process in interpersonal interaction is that of social comparison, in that we evaluate ourselves in terms of how we compare to others. In particular, we engage in two types of comparison. First, we decide whether we are superior or inferior to others on certain dimensions, such as attractiveness, intelligence, popularity, etc. Here, the important aspect is to compare with an appropriate reference group. For example, modest joggers should not compare their performance with Olympic standard marathon (马拉松) runners. Second, we judge the extent to which we are the same as or different from others. At certain stages of life, especially adolescence, the pressure to be seen as similar to peers is immense. Thus, wearing the rightbrand of clothes or shoes may be of the utmost importance. We also need to know whether our thoughts, beliefs and ideas are in line with those of other people. This is part of the process of self-validation whereby we employ self-disclosures to seek support for ourself-concept.People who do not have access to a good listener may not only be denied the opportunity to heighten their self-awareness, but they are also denied valuable feedback as to the validity and acceptability of their inner thoughts and feelings. By discussing these with others, we receive feedback as to whether these are experiences which others have as well, or whether they are less common. Furthermore, by gauging the reactions to our self-disclosures we learn what types are acceptable or unacceptable with particular people and in specific situations. On occasions it is the fear that certain disclosures may be unacceptable to family or friends that motivates an individual to seek professional help. Counsellors will be familiar with client statements such as: “I just couldn’t talk about this to my husband.”, “I really can’t let my mother know my true feelings.” Another aspect of social comparison in the counselling context relates to a technique known as normalising. This is the process whereby helpers provide reassurance to clients that what they are experiencing is not abnormal快来下载吧or atypical (非典型的), but is a normal reaction shared by others when facing such circumstances. Patient disclosure, facilitated by the therapist, seems also to facilitate the process of normalising.47. To evaluate ourselves, the author thinks it important forus to compare ourselves with_______.48. During adolescence, people generally feel an immense pressure to appear _______.49. It is often difficult for people to heighten their self-awareness without _______.50. What can people do if they find what they think or say unacceptable to family or friends?51. Counsellors often assure their clients that what they experience themselves is only_______.Section BDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）,B）, C） and D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.Amid all the job losses, there’s one category of worker that the economic disruption has been good for: nonhumans.From self-service checkout lines at the supermarket to industrial robots armed with saws and taught to carve up animal bodies in slaughter-houses, these ever-more-intelligent machines are now not just assisting workers but actually kicking them out of their jobs.Automation isn’t just affecting factory workers, either. Some law firms now use artificial intelligence software to scanand read mountains of legal documents, work that previously was performed by highly-paid human lawyers.“Robots continue to have an impact on blue-collar jobs, and white-collar jobs are under attack by microprocessors,” says economics professor Ed ward Leamer. The recession permanently wiped out 2.5 million jobs. U.S. gross domestic product has climbed back to pre-recession levels, meaning we’re producing as much as before, only with 6% fewer workers. To be sure, robotics are not the only job killers out there, with outsourcing (外包) stealing far more jobs than automation.Jeff Burnstein, president of the Robotics Industry Association, argues that robots actually save U.S. jobs. His logic: companies that embrace automation might use fewer workers, but tha t’s still better than firing everyone and moving the work overseas.It’s not that robots are cheaper than humans, though often they are. It’s that they’re better. “In some cases the quality requirements are so exacting that even if you wanted to ha ve a hu man do the job, you couldn’t,” Burnstein says.Same goes for surgeons, who’re using robotic systems to perform an ever-growing list of operations—not because the machines save money but because, thanks to the greater precision of robots, the patients recover in less time and have fewer complications, says Dr. Myriam Curet.Surgeons may survive the robot invasion, but others at the hospital might not be so lucky, as iRobot, maker of the Roomba, a robot vacuum cleaner, has been showing off Ava, which could be used as a messenger in a hospital. And once you’re home, recovering, Ava could let you talk to your doctor, so there’s no need to send someone to your house. That “mobile telepresence” could be useful at the office. If you’re away on atrip, yo u can still attend a meeting. Just connect via videoconferencing software, so your face appears on Ava’s screen. Is any job safe? I was hoping to say “journalist,” but researchers are already developing software that can gather facts and write a news story. Which means that a few years from now, a robot could be writing this column. And who will read it? Well, there might be a lot of us hanging around with lots of free time on our hands.快来下载吧注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

浙教版八年级下科学试卷+答题卷+答案

八年级（下）科学试卷 2012.6本卷可能用到的相对原子质量有：H—1 O—16 N—14 C—12 Al—27 Cl—35.5一、选择题（本题有25小题，每小题2分，共50分。

每题只有一个正确选项）1、下列操作正确的是（▲）A、闻气体气味B．试管夹套入试管C．熄灭酒精灯D．液体药品的取用2、某地，一辆石油液化气运输车发生事故翻倒，储气罐部分破裂，并有液化气漏出，此时切不可采取的措施是（▲）A．疏散周围人群B．用水喷气罐降温C．控制火源靠近D．焊接储气罐泄漏处3、下列名称与其对应的符号完全正确．．．．的是（▲）A．氯元素Ａl B．氢氧根离子ＨO－C．硫酸铜ＣuＳO４D．碳酸ＣO３4、对有关实验现象．．的是（▲）．．．．的描述正确A、碳在氧气中燃烧放出白烟B．硫在空气中燃烧发出淡蓝色的火焰C．铁丝在氧气中燃烧生成四氧化三铁D．红磷在空气中燃烧产生大量白雾5、1934年，卢瑟福等科学家通过核反应发现氢的同位素原子—氚。

氚可用表示(其中“l”表示核电荷数)，氚原子的模型如图所示，图中“●”表示的粒子是（▲）A．原子核B．质子C．中子D．核外电子6、科学是一门以实验为基础的学科，实验必须按照一定规则进行。

下列实验操作的先后顺序不正确．．．的是（▲）A.验证植物光合作用是否产生淀粉时，应先用酒精脱色，再滴加碘液B.实验室用高锰酸钾制取氧气实验结束时，应先将酒精灯熄灭，后将导管移出水面C．实验室制取O2、CO2等气体时，应先检查装置气密性，再向容器中装药品D．做铁丝在氧气瓶中的燃烧实验时，应先在瓶底放些水或铺一层沙，再引燃铁丝7、下图中“○”和“●”分别表示两种质子数不同原子，其中可以表示化合物的是（▲）A B C D8、在“宏观-微观-符号”之间建立联系，是化学学科特有的思维方式．某化学反应的微观模拟示意图如下：小华同学对该微观模拟示意图的认识中错误．．的是（▲）A、该反应前后分子的总个数发生了改变B、原子在化学变化中不能再分C、分子是由原子构成的D、该反应遵循质量守恒定律9、北京奥运会金牌的最大特点是“金镶玉”。

2012年6月英语B级真题答案及解析

2012年‎6月英语B‎级真题答案‎听力原文Secti‎o n A1.I’m going‎to make coffe‎e. Would‎you like some?2.May I speak‎to Mr. Johns‎o n?3.Will you pleas‎e write‎your name here?4.Can you help me to start‎ the machi‎n e?5.Shall‎ we discu‎ss the new plan now?Secti‎o nB6.M: Did you put the repor‎t on my desk?W: Yes, I did.Q: What did the man want?7.W: It seems‎the compu‎t er doesn‎’t work.M: Y ou can ask John to repai‎r it.Q: What does the man tell the woman‎to do?8.M: Have you read my email‎?W: What email‎? I haven‎’t got any email‎ yet.Q: What does the woman‎mean?9.W: Hello‎, ABC Compa‎n y! What can I do for you?M: I want to know when we can get the books‎ we order‎e d.Q: What does the man ask about‎?10.W: what do you think‎of your new manag‎e r?M: Oh, he is very nice.Q: What does the man think‎of his manag‎e r?答案与解析‎Part I Liste‎n ing Compr‎e hens‎i onSecti‎o n A1．I’m going‎to make coffe‎e. Would‎you like some?[答案解析]C．本题询问“我去做咖啡‎，你要喝些吗‎？”A．不用谢，没关系；B 请这边走； C 不，谢谢 D 你是对的。

2012年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析__word版本[1]

2012年6月16日大学英语六级考试真题附答案Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal CommunicationPart Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Directions: In this part. You will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)、B)、C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Three-Year SolutionHartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes New York, makes this offer to well prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of four, and save about 543,000—the amount of one year’s tuition and fees. A number of innovative colleges are making the same offer to students anxious about saving time and money. That’s both an opportunity and a warning for the best higher-education system in the world.The United States has almost all of the world’s best universities. A recent Chinese survey ranks 35 American universities among the top 50, eight among the top 10. Our research universities have been the key to developing the competitivead vantages that help Americans produce 25% of all the world’s wealth. In 2007, 623,805 of the world’s brightest students were attracted to American universities.Yet, there are signs of peril (危险)within American higher education. U.S. colleges have to compete in the marketplace. Students may choose among 6,000 public, private, nonprofit, for profit, or religious institutions of higher learning. In addition, almost all of the 532 billion the federal government provides for university research is awarded competitively.But many colleges and universities are stuck in the past. For instance, the idea of the fall-to-spring“school year”hasn’t changed much since before the American Revolution, when we were a summer stretch no longer makes sense. Former George Washington University president Stephen Trachtenberg estimates that a typical college uses its facilities for academic purposes a little more than half the calendar year.“While college facilities sit idle, they continue to generate maintenance expenses that c ontribute to the high cost of running a college,” he has written.Within academic departments, tenure(终身职位)，combined withage-discrimination laws, makes faculty turnover—critical for a university to remain current in changing times—difficult. Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure system often stifles(压制)them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging like-mindedness and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas.Meanwhile, tuition has soared, leaving graduating students with unprecedented loan debt. Strong campus presidents to manage these problems are becoming harder to find, and to keep. In fact, students now stay on campus almost as long as their presidents. The average amount of time students now take to complete an undergraduate degree has stretched to six years and seven months as students interrupted by work, inconvenienced by unavailable classes, or lured by one more football season find it hard to graduate.Congress has tried to help students with college costs through Pell Grants and other forms of tuition support. But some of their fixes have made the problem worse. The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do. Filling out these forms consumes 7% of every tuition dollar.For all of these reasons, some colleges like Hartwick are rethinking the old way of doing things and questioning decades-old assumptions about what a college degree means. For instance, why does it have to take four years to earn a diploma? This fall, 16 first-year students and four second-year students at Hartwick enrolled in the school’s new three year degree program. According to the college, the plan i s designed for high-ability, highly motivated student who wish to save money or to move along more rapidly toward advanced degrees.By eliminating that extra year, there year degree students save 25% in costs. Instead of taking 30 credits a year, these students take 40. During January, Hartwick runs a four week course during which students may earn three to four credits on or off campus, including a number of international sites. Summer courses are not required, but a student may enroll in them—and pay extra. Three year students get first crack atcourse registration. There are no changes in the number of courses professors teach or in their pay.The three-year degree isn’t a new idea. Geniuses have always breezed through. Judson College, a 350-student institution in Alabama, has offered students athree-year option for 40 years. Students attend “short terms” in May and June to earn the credits required for graduation. Bates College in Maine and Ball State University in Indiana are among other colleges offering three-year options.Changes at the high-school level are also helping to make it easier for many students to earn their undergraduate degrees in less time. One of five students arrives at college today with Advanced Placement (AP) credits amounting to a semester or more of college level work. Many universities, including large schools like the University of Texas, make it easy for these AP students to graduate faster.For students who don’t plan to stop with an undergraduate degree, the three-year plan may have an even greater appeal. Dr. John Sergent, head of Vanderbilt University Medical School’s residency (住院医生) program, enrolled in Vanderbilt’s undergraduate college in 1959. He entered medical school after only three years as did four or five of his classmates.” My first year of medical school counted as my senior year, which meant I had to take three to four labs a week to get all my sciences in. I basically skipped my senior year,” says Sergent. He still had time to be a student senator and meet his wife.There are, however, drawbacks to moving through school at such a brisk pace. For one, it deprives students of the luxury of time to roam (遨游) intellectually. Compressing everything into three years also leaves less time for growing up, engaging in extracurricular activities, and studying abroad. On crowded campuses it could mean fewer opportunities to get into a prized professor’s class. Iowa’s Waldorf College has graduated several hundred students in its three-year degree program, but it now phasing out the option. Most Waldorf students wanted the full four-year experience—academically, socially, and athletically. And faculty members will be wary of any change that threatens the core curriculum in the name of moving students into the workforce.“Most high governmental officials seem to conceive of education in this light—as a way to ensure economic competitiveness and continued economic growth,” Derek Bok, former president of Harvard, told The Washington Post. “I strongly disagree with this approach.” Another risk: the new campus schedules might eventually produce less revenue for the institution and longer working hours for faculty members.Adopting a three-year option will not come easily to most school. Those that wish to tackle tradition and make American campus more cost-conscious may find it easier to take Trachtenberg’s advice: open campuses year-round.“You could run two complete colleges, with two complete faculties,”he says.“That’s without cutting the length of students’ vacations, increasing class sizes, or requiring faculty to teach more.”Whether they experiment with three-year degrees, offer year-round classes, challenge the tenure system—or all of the above—universities are slowly realizing that to stay competitive and relevant they must adapt to a rapidly changing world.Expanding the three-year option may be difficult, but it may be less difficult than asking Congress for additional financial help, asking legislators for more state support, or asking students even higher tuition payments. Campuses willing to adopt convenient schedules along with more focused, less-expensive degrees may find that they have a competitive advantage in attracting bright, motivated students. These sorts of innovations can help American universities avoid the perils of success.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2012年6月英语CET6真题及答案

2012年6月全国大学英语六级考试试卷PartⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) (25minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.In face of global warming, much effort has been focused on reducing greenhouse gas emissions through a variety of strategies. But while much of the research and innovation has concentrated on finding less-polluting energy alternatives, it may be decades before clean technologies like wind and solar meet a significant portion of our energy needs.In the meantime, the amount of CO2 in the air is rapidly approaching the limits proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). “As long as we’re consuming fossil fuels, we’re putting out CO2,”says Klaus Lackner, a geophysicist at Colu mbia, University” We cannot let the CO2 in the atmosphere rise indefinitely.”That sense of urgency has increased interest in capturing and storing CO2, which the IPCC says could provide the more than 50% reduction in emissions thought needed to reduce global warming.“We see the potential for capture and storage to play an integral role in reducing emissions,” says Kim Corley, Shell’s senior advisor of CO2 and environmental affairs. That forward thinking strategy is gaining support. The U.S. Department of Energy recently proposed putting $1 billion into a new $2.4 billion coal-burning energy plant. The plant’s carbon-capture technologies would serve as a pilot project for other new coal-burning plants.But what do you do with the gas once you’ve captured it? One option is to put it to new uses. Dakota Gasification of North Dakota captures CO2 at a plant that converts coal into synthetic natural gas. It then ships the gas 200 miles by pipeline to Canada, where it is pumped underground in oil recovery operations. In the Netherlands, Shell delivers CO2 to farmers who pipe it into their greenhouses, increasing their yield of fruits and vegetables.However, scientists say that the scale of CO2 emissions will require vast amounts of long-term storage. Some propose storing the CO2 in coal mines or liquid storage in the ocean, Shell favors storing CO2 in deep geological structures such as saline(盐的) formations and exhausted oil and gas fields that exist throughout the world.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2012年海淀区初三二模数学试卷答案2012.6

海淀区九年级第二学期期末练习数学试卷答案及评分参考 2012. 6说明: 与参考答案不同, 但解答正确相应给分. 一、选择题（本题共32分，每小题4分）1. B2. C3. A4. C5. B6. D7. D8. C 二、填空题（本题共16分，每小题4分）9.23x ≥10. 5 11. 12 12．8; 21n n +- （每空各 2分）三、解答题（本题共30分，每小题5分） 13115()3tan604---+︒=54-+ …………………………………………………4分=1. …………………………………………………5分14．解：去分母，得 ()()()()63223x x x x x ++-=-+． ………………………………2分2261826x x x x x ++-=+-. ……………………………………………………3分整理，得 324x =-．解得 8x =-． ………………………………………………………………4分经检验，8x =-是原方程的解．所以原方程的解是8x =-． ……………………………………………………5分15．证明：∵ AC //EG ，∴ C CPG ∠=∠． …………1分 ∵ BC //EF ，∴ CPG FEG ∠=∠．∴ C FEG ∠=∠． …………………………………………2分在△ABC 和△GFE 中，,,,AC GE C FEG BC FE =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨=⎪⎩ ∴ △ABC ≌△GFE ． …………………………………………………4分∴A G ∠=∠． …………………………………………………5分16. 解：原式=()()()21111111a a a a a +-⋅-+-- ……………………………………………2分 =()21111a a a +--- …………………………………………………3分 =22.(1)a -- …………………………………………………4分由2220a a --=，得 2(1)3a -=.∴ 原式=23-. …………………………………………………5分 GFEDC AP17．解：（1）依题意设一次函数解析式为2y kx =+. …………………………………1分∵ 点A (2,0-)在一次函数图象上， ∴022k =-+. ∴ k =1. ……………………………………………………2分 ∴ 一次函数的解析式为2y x =+. …………………………………3分（2）ABC ∠的度数为15︒或105︒．（每解各1分） ……………………5分18．解: ∵∠ADB =∠CBD =90︒，∴ DE ∥CB . ∵ BE ∥CD ， ∴ 四边形BEDC 是平行四边形. ………1分 ∴ BC=DE .在Rt △ABD 中，由勾股定理得8AD =. ………2分设DE x =，则8EA x =-． ∴8EB EA x ==-．在Rt △BDE 中，由勾股定理得 222DE BD EB +=.∴ 22248x x +=-（）． ……………………………………………………3分 ∴ 3x =．∴ 3BC DE ==． ……………………………………………………4分 ∴1116622.22ABD BDC ABCD S S S BD AD BD BC ∆∆=+=⋅+⋅=+=四边形 ………… 5分四、解答题（本题共20分，第19题、第20题各5分，第21题6分, 第22题4分）19．解：（1）甲图文社收费s （元）与印制数t （张）的函数关系式为0.11s t =. ……1分（2）设在甲、乙两家图文社各印制了x 张、y 张宣传单，依题意得 {1500,0.110.13179.x y x y +=+= ………………………………………… 2分解得800,700.x y =⎧⎨=⎩……………………………………………… 3分答：在甲、乙两家图文社各印制了800张、700张宣传单. ………………4分（3）乙 . ……………………………………………………… 5分20.（1）证明：连结OC .∴ ∠DOC =2∠A . …………1分 ∵∠D = 90°2A -∠， ∴∠D +∠DOC =90°. ∴ ∠OCD =90°.∵ OC 是⊙O 的半径，∴ 直线CD 是⊙O 的切线. ………………………………………………2分（2）解: 过点O 作OE ⊥BC 于E , 则∠OEC =90︒.∵ BC =4,∴ CE =12BC =2.∵ BC //AO , ∴ ∠OCE =∠DOC .D EC BA∵∠COE +∠OCE =90︒, ∠D +∠DOC =90︒,∴ ∠COE =∠D . ……………………………………………………3分 ∵tan D =12, ∴tan COE ∠=12. ∵∠OEC =90︒, CE =2,∴4tan CEOE COE==∠.在Rt △OEC 中, 由勾股定理可得OC ==在Rt △ODC 中, 由1tan 2OC D CD ==，得CD =, ……………………4分由勾股定理可得 10.OD =∴10.AD OA OD OC OD =+=+= …………………………………5分 21．解：（1）(64)50%20+÷=. 所以李老师一共调查了20名学生. …………………1分（2）C 类女生有 3 名，D 类男生有 1 名；补充条形统计图略.说明：其中每空1分，条形统计图1分. ……………………………………4分（3）解法一：由题意画树形图如下：………………………5分从树形图看出，所有可能出现的结果共有6种，且每种结果出现的可能性相等，所选两位同学恰好是一位男同学和一位女同学的结果共有3种. 所以P (所选两位同学恰好是一位男同学和一位女同学)=3162=. ………………6分解法二：由题意列表如下：………………………5分由上表得出，所有可能出现的结果共有6种，且每种结果出现的可能性相等，所选两位同学恰好是一位男同学和一位女同学的结果共有3种. 所以P (所选两位同学恰好是一位男同学和一位女同学)=3162=. ………………6分 22.解：（1）画图如下：(答案不唯一) …………………………………2分图3从D 类中选取从A 类中选取女女男男女女男女男（2）图3中△FGH 的面积为7a. …………………………………4分五、解答题（本题共22分，第23题7分，第24题7分，第25题8分） 23. 解：（1）∵ 抛物线2(1)(2)1y m x m x =-+--与x 轴交于A 、B 两点，∴210,(2)4(1)0.m m m ì- ïïíïD =-+->ïî由①得1m ¹，由②得0m ¹，∴ m 的取值范围是0m ¹且1m ¹． ……………………………………………2分（2）∵ 点A 、B 是抛物线2(1)(2)1y m x m x =-+--与x 轴的交点，∴ 令0y =，即 2(1)(2)10m x m x -+--=．解得 11x =-，211x m =-． ∵1m >， ∴10 1.1m >>-- ∵ 点A 在点B 左侧，∴ 点A 的坐标为(1,0)-，点B 的坐标为1(,0)1m -. …………………………3分 ∴ OA=1，OB =11m -． ∵ OA : OB =1 : 3，∴131m =-. ∴ 43m =．∴ 抛物线的解析式为212133y x x =--． ………………………………………4分（3）∵ 点C 是抛物线212133y x x =--与y 轴的交点，∴ 点C 的坐标为(0,1)-.依题意翻折后的图象如图所示．令7y =，即2121733x x --=．解得16x =, 24x =-．∴ 新图象经过点D (6,7). 当直线13y x b =+经过D 点时，可得5b =.① ② …………………………………………1分当直线13y x b =+经过C 点时，可得1b =-．当直线1(1)3y x b b =+<-与函数2121(33y x x x =-->的图象仅有一个公共点P (x 0, y 0)时，得20001121333x b x x +=--.整理得 2003330.x x b ---=由2(3)4(33)12210b b D =----=+=，得74b =-结合图象可知，符合题意的b 的取值范围为15b -<≤或4b <-． ……………7分说明：15b -<≤ （2分），每边不等式正确各1分；74b <-（1分） 24.解：（1）∵22222221212112()()4422y x x x mx m m x m m m m m m =-=-+-⋅=--，∴抛物线的顶点B 的坐标为11(,)22m m -. ……………………………1分（2）令2220x x m-=，解得10x =, 2x m =.∵ 抛物线x x my 222-=与x 轴负半轴交于点A ， ∴ A (m , 0), 且m <0. …………………………………………………2分过点D 作DF ⊥x 轴于F . 由 D 为BO 中点，DF //BC , 可得CF =FO =1.2CO ∴ DF =1.2BC由抛物线的对称性得 AC = OC . ∴ AF : AO =3 : 4. ∵ DF //EO ,∴ △AFD ∽△AOE . ∴.FD AFOE AO= 由E (0, 2)，B 11(,)22m m -，得OE =2, DF =14m -.∴134.24m-=∴ m = -6.∴ 抛物线的解析式为2123y x x =--. ………………………………………3分（3）依题意，得A （-6,0）、B (-3, 3)、C (-3, 0).可得直线OB 的解析式为x y -=,直线BC 为3x =-. 作点C 关于直线BO 的对称点C '(0，3)，连接AC '交BO 于M ，则M 即为所求. 由A （-6，0），C ' (0, 3)，可得直线AC '的解析式为321+=x y .由13,2y x y x⎧=+⎪⎨⎪=-⎩ 解得2,2.x y =-⎧⎨=⎩ ∴ 点M 的坐标为(-2, 2). ……………4分由点P 在抛物线2123y x x =--上，设P (t ，213t - (ⅰ)当AM 为所求平行四边形的一边时. 如右图，过M 作MG ⊥ x 轴于G ,过P 1作P 1H ⊥ BC 于H , 则x G = x M =-2, x H = x B =-3.由四边形AM P 1Q 1为平行四边形，可证△AMG ≌△P 1Q 1H . 可得P 1H = AG =4. ∴ t -(-3)=4. ∴ t =1.∴17(1,)3P -. ……………………5分如右图，同方法可得 P 2H=AG =4. ∴ -3- t =4. ∴ t =-7.∴27(7,)3P --. ……………………6分 (ⅱ)当AM 为所求平行四边形的对角线时, 如右图，过M 作MH ⊥BC 于H , 过P 3作P 3G ⊥ x 轴于G , 则x H = x B =-3，x G =3P x =t . 由四边形AP 3MQ 3为平行四边形，可证△A P 3G ≌△MQ 3H . 可得AG = MH =1. ∴ t -(-6)=1. ∴ t =-5. ∴35(5,)3P -. ……………………………………………………7分综上，点P 的坐标为17(1,)3P -、27(7,)3P --、35(5,)3P-.25. 解：（1）BN 与NE 的位置关系是BN ⊥NE ；CE BM证明：如图，过点E 作EG ⊥AF 于G , 则∠EGN =90°．∵ 矩形ABCD 中, AB =BC ， ∴ 矩形ABCD 为正方形.∴ AB =AD =CD , ∠A =∠ADC =∠DCB =90°． ∴ EG//CD , ∠EGN =∠A , ∠CDF =90°． ………………………………1分 ∵ E 为CF 的中点，EG//CD ,∴ GF =DG =11.22DF CD =∴ 1.2GE CD =∵ N 为MD (AD )的中点， ∴ AN =ND =11.22AD CD = ∴ GE =AN , NG=ND+DG=ND+AN=AD=AB . ……………………………2分 ∴ △NGE ≌△BAN ． ∴ ∠1=∠2. ∵ ∠2+∠3=90°， ∴ ∠1+∠3=90°． ∴ ∠BNE =90°. ∴ BN ⊥NE ． ……………………………………………………………3分 ∵ ∠CDF =90°, CD =DF , 可得 ∠F =∠FCD =45°，CFCD= .于是12CFCE CE CE BM BA CD CD ==== ……………………………………4分（2）在（1）中得到的两个结论均成立.证明：如图，延长BN 交CD 的延长线于点G ，连结BE 、GE ，过E 作EH ⊥CE ，交CD 于点H ．∵ 四边形ABCD 是矩形，∴ AB ∥CG ．∴ ∠MBN =∠DGN ，∠BMN =∠GDN . ∵ N 为MD 的中点，∴ MN =DN ．∴ △BMN ≌△GDN ．∴ MB =DG ，BN =GN . ∵ BN =NE ，∴ BN =NE =GN . ∴ ∠BEG =90°． ……………………………………………5分 ∵ EH ⊥CE ， ∴ ∠CEH =90°． ∴ ∠BEG =∠CEH ．HGA BC DEM N F 321GFEA (M )CD B∴ ∠BEC =∠GEH ．由（1）得∠DCF =45°． ∴ ∠CHE =∠HCE =45°． ∴ EC=EH , ∠EHG =135°．∵∠ECB =∠DCB +∠HCE =135°， ∴ ∠ECB =∠EHG ． ∴ △ECB ≌△EHG ． ∴ EB =EG ，CB =HG ． ∵ BN =NG ，∴ BN ⊥NE. ……………………………………………6分∵ BM =DG= HG -HD= BC -HD =CD -，∴CE BM. ……………………………………………7分（3）BN ⊥NE ；CEBM.………………………………………………8分。

2012年6月英语六级(真题+答案+听力原文)

2012年6月英语六级听力原文试题完整版Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal CommunicationPart ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Directions: In this part. You will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)、B)、C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Three-Year SolutionHartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes New York, makes this offer to well prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of four, and save about 543,000—the amount of one year’s tuition and fees. A number of innovative colleges are making the same offer to students anxious about saving time and money. That’s both an opportunity and a warning for the best higher-education system in the world.The United States has almost all of the world’s best universities. A recent Chinese survey ranks 35 American universities among the top 50, eight among the top 10. Our research universities have been the key to developing the competitive advantages that help Americans produce 25% of all the world’s wealth. In 2007, 623,805 of the world’s brightest students were attracted to American universities.Yet, there are signs of peril (危险)within American higher education. U.S. colleges have to compete in the marketplace. Students may choose among 6,000 public, private, nonprofit, for profit, or religious institutions of higher learning. In addition, almost all of the 532 billion the federal government provides for university research is awarded competitively.But many colleges and universities are stuck in the past. For instance, the idea of thefall-to-spring“school year”hasn’t changed much since before the American Revolution, when we were a summer stretch no longer makes sense. Former George Washington University president Stephen Trachtenberg estimates that a typical college uses its facilities for academic purposes a little more than half the calendar year.“While college facilities sit idle, they continue to generate maintenance expenses that contribute to t he high cost of running a college,” he has written.Within academic departments, tenure(终身职位)，combined with age-discrimination laws, makes faculty turnover—critical for a university to remain current in changing times—difficult. Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure system often stifles(压制)them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging like-mindedness and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas.Meanwhile, tuition has soared, leaving graduating students with unprecedented loan debt. Strong campus presidents to manage these problems are becoming harder to find, and to keep. In fact, students now stay on campus almost as long as their presidents. The average amount of time students now take to complete an undergraduate degree has stretched to six years and seven months as students interrupted by work, inconvenienced by unavailable classes, or lured by one more football season find it hard to graduate.Congress has tried to help students with college costs through Pell Grants and other forms of tuition support. But some of their fixes have made the problem worse. The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do. Filling out these forms consumes 7% of every tuition dollar.For all of these reasons, some colleges like Hartwick are rethinking the old way of doing things and questioning decades-old assumptions about what a college degree means. For instance, why does it have to take four years to earn a diploma? This fall, 16 first-year students and four second-year students at Hartwick enrolled in the school’s new three year degree program. According to the college, the plan is designed for high-ability, highly motivated student who wish to save money or to move along more rapidly toward advanced degrees.By eliminating that extra year, there year degree students save 25% in costs. Instead of taking 30 credits a year, these students take 40. During January, Hartwick runs a four week course during which students may earn three to four credits on or off campus, including a number of international sites. Summer courses are not required, but a student may enroll in them—and pay extra. Three year students get first crack at course registration. There are no changes in the number of courses professors teach or in their pay.The three-year degree isn’t a new idea. Geniuses have always breezed through. Judson College, a 350-student institution in Alabama, has offered students a three-year option for 40 years.Students attend “short terms” in May and June to earn the credits r equired for graduation. Bates College in Maine and Ball State University in Indiana are among other colleges offeringthree-year options.Changes at the high-school level are also helping to make it easier for many students to earn their undergraduate degrees in less time. One of five students arrives at college today with Advanced Placement (AP) credits amounting to a semester or more of college level work. Many universities, including large schools like the University of Texas, make it easy for these AP students to graduate faster.For students who don’t plan to stop with an undergraduate degree, the three-year plan may have an even greater appeal. Dr. John Sergent, head of Vanderbilt University Medical School’s residency (住院医生) program, enrolled in Vanderbilt’s undergraduate colle ge in 1959. He entered medical school after only three years as did four or five of his classmates.” My first year of medical school counted as my senior year, which meant I had to take three to four labs a week to get all my sciences in. I basically skipp ed my senior year,” says Sergent. He still had time to be a student senator and meet his wife.There are, however, drawbacks to moving through school at such a brisk pace. For one, it deprives students of the luxury of time to roam (遨游) intellectually. Compressing everything into three years also leaves less time for growing up, engaging in extracurricular activities, and studying abroad. On crowded campuses it could mean fewer opportunities to get into a prized professor’s class. Iowa’s Waldorf College has graduated several hundred students in its three-year degree program, but it now phasing out the option. Most Waldorf students wanted the fullfour-year experience—academically, socially, and athletically. And faculty members will be wary of any change that threatens the core curriculum in the name of moving students into the workforce.“Most hi gh governmental officials seem to conceive of education in this light—as a way to ensure economic competitiveness and continued economic growth,” Derek Bok, former president of Harvard, told The Washington Post. “I strongly disagree with this approach.” An other risk: the new campus schedules might eventually produce less revenue for the institution and longer working hours for faculty members.Adopting a three-year option will not come easily to most school. Those that wish to tackle tradition and make American campus more cost-conscious may find it easier to take Trachtenberg’s advice: open campuses year-round.“You could run two complete colleges, with two complete faculties,”he says.“That’s without cutting the length of students’ vacations, increasing cl ass sizes, or requiring faculty to teach more.”Whether they experiment with three-year degrees, offer year-round classes, challenge the tenure system—or all of the above—universities are slowly realizing that to stay competitive and relevant they must adapt to a rapidly changing world.Expanding the three-year option may be difficult, but it may be less difficult than asking Congress for additional financial help, asking legislators for more state support, or asking students even higher tuition payments. Campuses willing to adopt convenient schedules along with more focused, less-expensive degrees may find that they have a competitive advantage in attracting bright, motivated students. These sorts of innovations can help American universities avoid the perils of success.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2012年6月大学英语四级考试真题（答案解析）

2012年6月大学英语四级考试真题（答案解析）分数与时间分布题型分值用时（分钟）时间安排作文15分309：00-9：30快速阅读10分159：30-9：40听力短对话35分15分359：40-10：20长对话10分短文听力10分阅读理解篇章阅读25分20分2510：20-10：50篇章词汇5分完型填空10分1510：50-11：15翻译5分511：15-11：202012年6月大学英语四级考试真题word打印版与答案解析2012年6月大学英语四级CET4真题Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Packaging following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象2.出现这一现象的原因3.我对这一现象的看法和建议On Excessive PackagingPart Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C)and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Small Schools RisingThis year’s list of the top 100 hi gh schools shows that today, those with fewer students are flourishing.Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands. As baby boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses, and, of course, better football teams. Only yearslater did we understand the trade-offs this involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构)，the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachersand students.SAT scores began dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary(and some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress.Size isn’t everything, but it does m atter, and the past decade has seen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to the Billand Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade, About 500 more are on the drawingboard. Districts all over the country are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New York, Chicago and San Diego. The movement includes independent public charter schools, such as No.1 BASIS in Tucson, with only 120 high-schoolers and 18 graduates this year. It embraces district-sanctioned magnetschools, such as the Talented and Gifted School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engineering Magnet,with383,which share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors School in Buffalo, N.Y., which grew out of volunteer evening seminars for students. And it includes alternative schools with students selected by lottery(抽签)，such as H-B Woodlawn in Arlington, Va. And most noticeable of all, there is the phenomenon of large urban and suburban high schools that have split up into smaller units of a few hundred, generally housed in the same grounds that once boasted thousands of students all marching to the same band.Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif, is one of those, ranking No.423—among the top 2% in the country—on Newsweek’s annual ranking of America’s top high schools. The success of small schools is apparent in the listings. Ten years ago, when the first Newsweek list based on college-level test participation was published, only three of the top 100 schools had graduating Classes smaller than 100 students. This year there are 22. Nearly 250 schools on the full ,Newsweek list of the top 5% of schools nationally had fewer than 200 graduates in 2007.Although many of Hillsdale’s students came from wealthy households, by the late 1990 average test scores were sliding and it had earned the unaffectionate nickname (绰号) “Hillsjail. ” Jeff Gilbert. A Hillsdale teacher who became principal last year, remembers sitting with other teachers watching students file out of a graduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment, “How did that student graduate?”So in 2003 Hillsdale re made itself into three “houses,” romantically named Florence, Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300 arriving ninth graders are randomly(随机地) assigned to one of the houses. Where they will keep the same four core subject teachers for two years, before moving on to another for 11th and 12th grades. The closeness this system cultivates is reinforced by the institution of “advisory”classes Teachers meet with students in groups of 25, five mornings a week, for open- ended discussions of everything from homework problems to bad Saturday-night dates. The advisers also meet with students privately and stay in touch with parents, so they are deeply invested in the students’ success.“We’re constantly talking about one another’s advisers,” says English teacher Chris C rockett. “If you hear that yours isn’t doing well in math, or see them sitting outside the dean’s office, it’s like a personal failure.” Along with the new structure came a more demanding academic program, the percentage of freshmen taking biology jumped from 17 to 95.“It was rough for some. But by senior year, two-thirds have moved up to physics,”says Gilbert “Our kids are coming to school in part because they know there are adults here who know them and care for them.”But not all schools show advances af ter downsizing, and it remains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a cure-all solution.The Newsweek list of top U.S. high schools was made this year, as in years past, according to a single metric, the proportion of students taking college-level exams. Over the years this system has come in for its share of criticism for its simplicity. But that is also its strength: it’s easy for readers to understand, and todo the arithmetic for their own schools if they’d like.Ranking schools is always controversial, and this year a groupof 38 superintendents(地区教育主管)from five states wrote to ask that their schools be excluded fromthe calculation.“It is impossible to know which high schools are ‘the best’ in the nation, ”their letter read. in part. “Determining whether different schools door don’t offer a high quality of education requires a look at man different measures, including students’ overall academic accomplishments and their subsequent performance in college. And taking into consideration the unique needs of their communities.”In the end, the superintendents agreed to provide the data we sought, which is, after all, public information. There is, in our view, no real dispute here, we are all seeking the same thing, which is schools that better serve our children and our nation by encouraging students to tackle tough subjects under the guidance of gifted teachers. And if we keep working toward that goal, someday, perhaps a list won’t be necessary.注意：此部分试题请在答卡1上作答.1. Fifty years ago. big. Modern. Suburban high schools were established in the hope of __________.A) ensuring no child is left behindB) increasing economic efficiencyC) improving students’ performance on SATD)providing good education for baby boomers2. What happened as a result of setting up big schools?A)Teachers’ workload increased.B)Students’ performance declined.C)Administration became centralized.D)Students focused more on test scores.3.What is said about the schools forded by the Bill andMelinda Gates foundation?A)They are usually magnet schools.B)They are often located in poor neighborhoods.C)They are popular with high-achieving students.D)They are mostly small in size.4.What is most noticeable about the current trend in high school education?A)Some large schools have split up into smaller ones.B)A great variety of schools have sprung up in urban and suburban areas.C)Many schools compete for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funds.D)Students have to meet higher academic standards.5.Newsweek ranked high schools according to .A)their students’ academic achievementB)the number of their students admitted to collegeC)the size and number of their graduating classesD)their college-level test participation6.What can we learn about Hillsdale’s students in the late 1990s?A)They were made to study hard like prisoners.B)They called each other by unaffectionate nicknames.C)Most of them did not have any sense of discipline,D)Their school performance was getting worse.7.According to Jeff Gilbert, the “advisory” classes at Hillsdale were set up so that students could .A)tell their teachers what they did on weekendsB)experience a great deal of pleasure in learningC)maintain closer relationships with their teachersD)tackle the demanding biology and physics courses8. i s still considered a strength of Newsweek’s school ranking system in spite of the criticism it receives.9.According to the 38 superintendents, to rank schools scientifically, it is necessary to use .10.To better serve the children and our nation, schools students to take .Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35minutes)Section ADirections: in this section you will hear 8 short conversations, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)、B)、C)and D)、and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答案卡2上作案。

2012年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析__word版本[1]

2012年6月16日大学英语六级考试真题附答案Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal CommunicationPart Ⅱ Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning)（15minutes）Directions: In this part. You will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1。

For questions 1-7，choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）、B)、C）and D). For questions 8—10，complete the sentences with the information given in the passage。

The Three—Year SolutionHartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes New York, makes this offer to well prepared students：earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of four，and save about 543,000—the amount of one year's tuition and fees。

2012年6月六级真题及答案完整版

2012年6⽉六级真题及答案完整版Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal CommunicationPart ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Directions: In this part. You will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)、B)、C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Three-Year SolutionHartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New York, makes New York, makes this offer to well prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of four, and save about 543,000—the amount of one year’s tuition and fees. A number of innovative colleges are making the same offer to students anxious about saving time and money. That’s both an opportunity and a warning for the best higher-education system in the world.The United States has almost all of the world’s best universities. A recent Chinese survey ranks 35 American universities among the top 50, eight among the top 10. Our research universities have been the key to developing the competitive advantages that help Americans produce 25% of all the world’s wealth. In 2007, 623,805 of the world’s brightest students were attracted to American universities.Yet, there are signs of peril (危险)within American higher education. U.S. colleges have to compete in the marketplace. Students may choose among 6,000 public, private, nonprofit, for profit, or religious institutions of higher learning. In addition, almost all of the 532 billion the federal government provides for university research is awarded competitively.But many colleges and universities are stuck in the past. For instance, the idea of the fall-to-spring“school year”hasn’t changed much since before the American Revolution, when we were a summer stretch no longer makes sense. Former George Washington University president Stephen Trachtenberg estimates that a typical college uses its facilities for academic purposes a little more than half the calendar year.“While college facilities sit idle, they continue to generate maintenance expenses that contribute to the high cost of running a college,” he has written.Within academic departments, tenure(终⾝职位)，combined with age-discrimination laws, makes faculty turnover—critical for a university to remain current in changing times—difficult. Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking, the tenure system often stifles(压制)them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging like-mindedness and sometimes inhibiting the free flow of ideas.as their presidents. The average amount of time students now take to complete an undergraduate degree has stretched to six years and seven months as students interrupted by work, inconvenienced by unavailable classes, or lured by one more football season find it hard to graduate.Congress has tried to help students with college costs through Pell Grants and other forms of tuition support. But some of their fixes have made the problem worse. The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice as tall as I do. Filling out these forms consumes 7% of every tuition dollar.For all of these reasons, some colleges like Hartwick are rethinking the old way of doing things and questioning decades-old assumptions about what a college degree means. For instance, why does it have to take four years to earn a diploma? This fall, 16 first-year students and four second-year students at Hartwick enrolled in the school’s new three year degree program. According to the college, the plan is designed for high-ability, highly motivated student who wish to save money or to move along more rapidly toward advanced degrees.By eliminating that extra year, there year degree students save 25% in costs. Instead of taking 30 credits a year, these students take 40. During January, Hartwick runs a four week course during which students may earn three to four credits on or off campus, including a number of international sites. Summer courses are not required, but a student may enroll in them—and pay extra. Three year students get first crack at course registration. There are no changes in the number of courses professors teach or in their pay.The three-year degree isn’t a new idea. Geniuses have always breezed through. Judson College, a 350-student institution inAlabama, has offered students a three-year option for 40 years. Students attend “short terms”in May and June to earn the credits required for graduation. Bates College in Maine and Ball State University in Indiana are among other colleges offering three-year options.Changes at the high-school level are also helping to make it easier for many students to earn their undergraduate degrees in less time. One of five students arrives at college today with Advanced Placement (AP) credits amounting to a semester or more of college level work. Many universities, including large schools like the University of Texas, make it easy for these AP students to graduate faster.For students who don’t plan to stop with an undergraduate degree, the three-year plan may have an even greater appeal. Dr. John Sergent, head of Vanderbilt University Medical School’s residency (住院医⽣) program, enrolled in Vanderbilt’s undergraduate college in 1959. He entered medical school after only three years as did four or five of his classmates.” My first year of medical school counted as my se nior year, which meant I had to take three to four labs a week to get all my sciences in. I basically skipped my senior year,” says Sergent. He still had time to be a student senator and meet his wife. There are, however, drawbacks to moving through school at such a brisk pace. For one, it deprives students of the luxury of time to roam (遨游) intellectually. Compressing everything into three years also leaves less time for growing up, engaging in extracurricular activities, and studying abroad. On crowded campuses it could mean fewer opportunities to get into a prized professor’s class. Iowa’s Waldorf College has graduated several hundred students in its three-year degree program, but it now phasing out the option. Most Waldorf students wanted the full four-year experience—academically, socially, and athletically. And faculty members will be wary of any change that threatens the core curriculum in the name of moving students into the workforce.“Most high governmental officials seem to conceive of education in this light—as a way to ensure economic competitiveness and continued economic growth,”Derek Bok, former president of Harvard, told The Washington Post. “I strongly disagree with this app roach.” Another risk: the new campus schedules might eventually produce less revenue for the institution and longer working hours for faculty members.Adopting a three-year option will not come easily to most school. Those that wish to tackle tradition and make American campus more cost-conscious may find it easier to take Trachtenberg’s advice: open campuses year-round.“You could run two complete coll eges, with two complete faculties,”hesays.“That’s without cutting the length of students’ vacations, increasing class sizes, or requiring faculty to teach more.”Whether they experiment with three-year degrees, offer year-round classes, challenge the tenure system—or all of the above —universities are slowly realizing that to stay competitive and relevant they must adapt to a rapidly changingfinancial help, asking legislators for more state support, or asking students even higher tuition payments. Campuses willing to adopt convenient schedules along with more focused, less-expensive degrees may find that they have a competitive advantage in attracting bright, motivated students. These sorts of innovations can help American universities avoid the perils of success.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2012年六月英语六级真题与答案

2012年6月大学英语六级考试真题（附答案）2012年6月16日大学英语六级考试真题Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on thetopic The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal Communication. Y ou should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.The Impact of the Internet on Interpersonal CommunicationPart ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Directions: In this part. Y ou will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)、B)、C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with theinformation given in the passage.The Three-Y ear SolutionHartwick College, a small liberal-arts school in upstate New Y ork, makes New Y ork, makes this offer to well prepared students: earn your undergraduate degree in three years instead of four, and save about 543,000—the amount of one year’s tuition and fees. A number of innovative colleges are making the same offer to students anxious about saving time and money. That’s both an opportunity and a warning for the best higher-educationsystem in the world.The United States has almost all of the world’s best universities. A recent Chinese survey ranks 35 American universities among the top 50, eight among the top 10. Our research universities have been the key to developing the competitive advantages that help Americans produce 25% of all the world’s wealth. In 2007, 623,805 of the world’sbrightest students were attracted to American universities.Y et, there are signs of peril (危险)within American higher education. U.S. colleges have to compete in the marketplace. Students may choose among 6,000 public, private, nonprofit, for profit, or religious institutions of higher learning. In addition, almost all of the 532billion the federal government provides for university research is awarded competitively.But many colleges and universities are stuck in the past. For instance, the idea of thefall-to-spring“school year”hasn’t changed much since before the American Revolution,when we were a summer stretch no longer makes sense. Former George Washington Universitypresident Stephen Trachtenberg estimates that a typical college uses its facilities for academic purposes a little more than half the calendar year.“While college facilities sitidle, they continue to generate maintenance expenses that contribute to the high cost ofrunning a college,” he has written.Within academic departments, tenure(终身职位)，combined with age-discrimination laws, makes faculty turnover—critical for a university to remain current in changing times—difficult. Instead of protecting speech and encouraging diversity and innovative thinking,the tenure system often stifles(压制)them: younger professors must win the approval of established colleagues for tenure, encouraging like-mindedness and sometimes inhibiting thefree flow of ideas.Meanwhile, tuition has soared, leaving graduating students with unprecedented loan debt. Strong campus presidents to manage these problems are becoming harder to find, and to keep. In fact, students now stay on campus almost as long as their presidents. The average amount of time students now take to complete an undergraduate degree has stretched to six years and seven months as students interrupted by work, inconvenienced by unavailableclasses, or lured by one more football season find it hard to graduate.Congress has tried to help students with college costs through Pell Grants and otherforms of tuition support. But some of their fixes have made the problem worse. The stack of congressional regulations governing federal student grants and loans now stands twice astall as I do. Filling out these forms consumes 7% of every tuition dollar.For all of these reasons, some colleges like Hartwick are rethinking the old way ofdoing things and questioning decades-old assumptions about what a college degree means. For instance, why does it have to take four years to earn a diploma? This fall, 16 first-year students and four second-year students at Hartwick enrolled in the school’s new three year degree program. According to the college, the plan is designed for high-ability, highly motivated student who wish to save money or to move along more rapidly toward advanceddegrees.By eliminating that extra year, there year degree students save 25% in costs. Insteadof taking 30 credits a year, these students take 40. During January, Hartwick runs a fourweek course during which students may earn three to four credits on or off campus, including a number of international sites. Summer courses are not required, but a studentmay enroll in them—and pay extra. Three year students get first crack at course registration. There are no changes in the number of courses professors teach or in theirpay.The three-year degree isn’t a new idea. Geniuses have always breezed through. Judson College, a 350-student institution in Alabama, has offered students a three-year option for40 years. Students attend “short terms” in May and June to earn the credi ts required for graduation. Bates College in Maine and Ball State University in Indiana are among othercolleges offering three-year options.Changes at the high-school level are also helping to make it easier for many studentsto earn their undergraduate degrees in less time. One of five students arrives at collegetoday with Advanced Placement (AP) credits amounting to a semester or more of college level work. Many universities, including large schools like the University of Texas, make it easyfor these AP students to graduate faster.For students who don’t plan to stop with an undergraduate degree, the three-year plan may have an even greater appeal. Dr. John Sergent, head of V anderbilt University Medical School’s residency (住院医生) program, enrolled in V anderbilt’s undergraduate college in 1959. He entered medical school after only three years as did four or five of hisclassmates.” My first year of medical school counted as my senior year, which meant I hadto take three to four labs a week to get all my sciences in. I basically skipped my senioryear,” says Sergent. He still had time to be a student senator and meet his wife.There are, however, drawbacks to moving through school at such a brisk pace. For one, it deprives students of the luxury of time to roam (遨游) intellectually. Compressing everything into three years also leaves less time for growing up, engaging in extracurricular activities, and studying abroad. On crowded campuses it could mean fewer opportunities to get into a prized professor’s class. Iowa’s Waldorf College hasgraduated several hundred students in its three-year degree program, but it now phasing out the option. Most Waldorf students wanted the full four-year experience—academically, socially, and athletically. And faculty members will be wary of any change that threatensthe core curriculum in the name of moving students into the workforce.“Most high governmental officials seem to conceive of education in this light—as a way to ensure economic competitiveness and continued economic growth,” Derek Bok, former president of Harvard, told The Washington Post. “I strongly disagree with this approach.” Another risk: the new campus schedules might eventually produce less revenue for theinstitution and longer working hours for faculty members.Adopting a three-year option will not come easily to most school. Those that wish to tackle tradition and make American campus more cost-conscious may find it easier to take Trachtenberg’s advice: open campuses year-round.“Y ou could run two complete colleges,with two complete faculties,”he says.“That’s without cutting the length of students’vacations, increasing class sizes, or requiring faculty to teach more.”Whether they experiment with three-year degrees, offer year-round classes, challenge the tenure system—or all of the above—universities are slowly realizing that to staycompetitive and relevant they must adapt to a rapidly changing world.Expanding the three-year option may be difficult, but it may be less difficult than asking Congress for additional financial help, asking legislators for more state support,or asking students even higher tuition payments. Campuses willing to adopt convenient schedules along with more focused, less-expensive degrees may find that they have a competitive advantage in attracting bright, motivated students. These sorts of innovationscan help American universities avoid the perils of success.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2012年6月英语四级真题,答案,答案解析,及听力原文

2012年6月英语四级真题,答案,答案解析,及听力原文2012年6月全国大学英语四级考试试卷Part ⅠWriting (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Packaging f ollowing the outli ne given below. Y ou should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象2.出现这一现象的原因3.我对这一现象的看法和建议On Excessive PackagingPart ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer s heet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer f rom the f our choices marked A)，B)，C)and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the inf ormation given in the passage.Small Schools RisingThis year?s list of the top 100 high schools shows tha t today, those with f ewer students are f lourishing.Fif ty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational ref orm: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted i n the thousands. As baby boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised economic eff i ciency. A great er choice of courses, and, of course, better f ootball teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-off s this involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构)，the diff iculty of f orging personal connections between teachersand students.SA T scores began dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high s chool in f our years, a f igure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Lef t Behind resulted in signif icantly better perf ormance in elementary(and some middle)schools, high schools f or a variety of reasons seem ed to have made little progress.Size isn?t everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade, About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the country are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New Y ork, Chicago and San Diego. The movement includes independ ent public charter schools, such as No.1 BASIS in Tucson, with only 120 high-schoolers and 18 graduates this year. It embraces district-sanctioned magnet schools, such as the Talented and Gif ted School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engineering Magnet,with383,which share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors School in Buf falo, N.Y., which grew out of volunteer evening seminars f or students. And it includes alternative schools with students selected by lott ery(抽签)，such as H-B Woodlawn in Arlington, V a. And most noticeable of all, there is the phenomenon of l arge urban and suburban high schools that have split up into smaller units of a few hundred, generally housed in the same grounds that once boasted thousands of students all marching to the same band.Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif, is one of those,ranking No.423—among the top 2% in the country—on Newsweek?s annual ranking of America?s top high schools. The success of small schools is apparent in the listings. T en years ago,when the f irst Newsweek list based on college-level test participation was published, only three of the top 100 schools had graduating Classes smaller than 100 students. This year there are 22. Nearly 250 schools on the f ull ,Newsweek list of the top 5% of schools nationally had f ewer than 200 graduates in 2007.Although many of Hillsdale?s students came f rom wealthy households, by the late 1990 average test scores were sliding and it had earned the unaff ectionate nickname (绰号) “Hillsjail. ”Jeff Gilbert.A Hillsdale teacher who became principal last year, remembers sitting with other teachers watching students f ile out of a graduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment, “How did that student graduate?”So in 2003 Hillsdale remade itsel f into three “houses,” romantically named Florence, Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300 arriving ninth graders arerandomly(随机地) assigned to one of the houses. Where they will keep the same f our core subject teachers f or two years, bef ore moving on to another f or 11th and 12th grades. The closeness this system cultivates is reinf orced by the institution of “advisory” classes Teachers me et wi th students in groups of25, f ive mornings a week, f or open-ended discussions of everything f rom homework problems to bad Saturday-night dat es. The advisers also meet with students privately and stay in touch with parents, so they are deeply invested in the students?success.“We?re constantly talking about one another?s advisers,” says English teacher Chris Crockett. “If you hear that yours isn?t doing well in math, or see them sittingoutside the dean?s off ice, it?s like a personal f ailure.” Alon g with the new structure cam e a more demanding academic program, the percentage of freshmen taking biology jumped from 17 to 95.“It w as rough f or som e. But by senior year, two-thirds have moved up to physics,”says Gilbert “Our kids are coming to school in part because they know there are adults here who know them and care f or them.”But not all schools show advances af ter downsizing, an d it remains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a cure-all solution.The Newsweek list of top U.S. high schools was made this year, as in years past, according to a single metric, the proportion of students taking college-level exams. Over the yea rs this system has come in f or its share of criticism f or its simplicity. But that is also its strength: it?s easy f or reader s to understand, and to do the arithmetic f or their own schools if they?d like.Ranking schools is always controversial, and this year a group of 38 superintendents(地区教育主管)from f ive states wrot e to ask that their schools be excluded fro m the calculation.“It is impossible to know which high schools are …the best? in the nation, ”their letter read. in part. “Determining whether differe nt schools do or don?t off er a high quality of education requires a look at man diff erent measures, including students? overa ll academic accomplishments and their subsequent perf ormance in college. And taking into consideration the unique needs of their co mmunities.”In the end, the superintendents agreed to provide the data we sought, which is, af ter all, public inf ormation. There is, in o ur view, no real dispute here, we are all seeking the same thing, which is schools that better serve our children and our nation by encouraging students to tackle tough subjects under theguidance of gi f ted teachers. And if we keep working toward that goal, someday, perhaps a list won?t be necessary.注意：此部分试题请在答卡1上作答.1. Fif ty years ago. big. Modern. Suburban high schools were established in the hope of __________.A) ensuring no child is lef t behindB) increasing economic eff i ciencyC) improving students? perf ormance on SA TD)providing good education f or baby boomers2. What happened as a result of setting up big schools?A)Teachers? workload increased.B)Students? perf ormance declined.C)Administration became centralized.D)Students f ocused more on test scores.3.What is said about the schools f orded by the Bill and Melinda Gates f oundation?A)They are usually magnet schools.B)They are of ten located in poor neighborhoods.C)They are popular with high-achieving students.D)They are mostly small in size.4.What is most noticeable about the current trend in high school education?A)Some large schools have split up into smaller ones.B)A great vari ety of schools have sprung up in urban and suburban areas.C)Many schools compete f or the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation f unds.D)Students have to meet higher academic standards.5.Newsweek ranked high schools according to .A)their students? academic achi evementB)the number of their students admitted to collegeC)the size and number of their graduating classesD)their college-level test participation6.What can we learn about Hill sdale?s students in the late 1990s?A)They were made to study hard like prisoners.B)They called each other by unaffectionate nicknames.C)Most of them did not have any sense of discipline,D)Their school perf ormance was getting worse.7.According to Jeff Gilbert, the “advisory” classes at Hillsdale were set up so that students could .A)tell their teachers what they did on weekendsB)experience a great deal of pleasure in learningC)maintain closer relationships with their teachersD)tackle the demanding biology and physics courses8. is still considered a strength of Newsweek?s school ranking system in spite of the criticism it receives_________.9.According to the 38 superintendents, to rank schools scientif ically, it is necessary to use_________.10.To better serve the children and our nation, schools students to take_________ .Part ⅢListening Comprehension (35minutes)Section ADirections: in this section you will hear 8 short conversations, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. Af t er each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the f our choices marked A)、B)、C)and D)、and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答案卡2上作案。

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信息安全保障从业人员认证（CISAW）安全集成方向认证考试试卷考试时间：2012年6月2日，共2 小时试卷编号：20120602CISAWSIII03 考场：第1考场一、单选题（每题1分）1、信息安全是指（ D ）A．保持信息的保密性B．保持信息的完整性C．保护信息的可用性D. 以上都不对2、WLAN技术使用的传输介质是（D ）A．双绞线B．光纤C．同轴电缆D．无线电波3、信息系统安全集成服务资质认证证书有效期为（ B ）年A．1B．3C．4D．以上都不是4、网络入侵检测系统的检测点位于（B）。

Ａ．主机Ｂ．内外网络边界Ｃ．应用层Ｄ．物理层5、不属于PKI系统组成部分的是（ C ）A．认证中心（CA）B．证书注册机构（RA）C．证书传输系统D．证书撤销系统6、如果在某大学的济南校区和青岛校区之间建立一个VPN连接，我们应该建立何种类型VPN( A )A．内部VPNB．外部VPNC．外联网VPND．远程VPN7、某台服务器在100小时的工作时间内，正常使用时间为95个小时，则该服务器的可用性为（ C ）A．95/195B．100/195C．95/100D．100/958、直接处于科学网络和不可信网络之间的主机称为（ C ）A．FTP服务器B．扼流点C．堡垒主机D．网关9、A方有一对密钥（K A公开，K A秘密），B方有第一对密钥（K B公开，K B秘密）,A方向B方向发送数字签名M，对信息M加密为：M ’=K B公开( K A秘密( M ))。

B方收到密文的解密方案是（ D ）A．K B公开（K A秘密（M ’））B．K A公开（K A公开（M ’））C．K A公开（K B秘密（M ’））D．K B秘密（K A公开（M ’））10、输入法漏洞通过（ D ）端口实现的。

A．21B．23C．445D．338911、下列不属于IDS功能的是（ D ）A．分析系统活动B．识别已知攻击C．OS日志管理D．代理12、下列哪个协议不适合IPSec( C D )A．TCPB．IPC．DHCPD．SMTP13、在UNIX中，所有的事务都是（ A ）A．文件B．数据C．程序D．命令14、属于IE 共享炸弹的是（ B ）A．e\\192.168.0.1\tanker$ “” /user ”“B．\\192.168.0.1\tanker$\nul\nulC．\\192.168.0.1\tanker$D．net send 192.168.0.1 tanker15、下列关于电子标签（RFID）与条形码（barcode）标签的叙述，正确的是（ C ）A．电子标签建置成本低B．条形码标签容量小，但难以被复制C．电子标签容量大，可同时读取多个标签并难以被复制D．电子标签通讯距离短，但对环境变化有较高的忍受能力16、以下哪种通讯标准被人们称为”2.5G”（ C ）A．IS-95B．WCDMAC．GPRSD．CDMA200017、以下哪个国际组织所制定的标准是专门针对IP的（ D ）A．IEEEB．ITU-TC．ISOD．IETF1819．路由器首先工作在OSI参考模型的第几层（ C ）A．传输层B．网络层C．数据链路层D．物理层20、理论上一个接入点（AP）可以同时提供（ D ）个移动设备接入。

A．225个B．1024个C．2048个D．65535个21、IEEE802.11a定义的最大带宽是（ D ）A．1MbpsB．11MbpsC．22MbpsD．54Mbps22、下面的IP地址，属于D类地址的是（ C ）A．10.10.5.168B．168.10.0.1C．224.0.0.2D．202.119.230.8023、对等网络适合于（ B ）A．多余50台计算机的大网络B．少于10台计算机的对等网络C．许多服务器但有很少用户的网络C.以上都不适合24、“上载”和“下载”是Internet中选项（ C ）服务的特有术语。

A．ARCHIEB．TELNETC．FTPD．WWW25、在以太网中，采用粗同轴电缆的长度限制在500m,为了扩充总线长度，在物理层上可以采用的最简单的方法是使用（ A ）A．中继器B．路由器C．网桥D．Modem26、关于信息系统集成描述，错误的是（ C ）A．通讯系统是系统集成方案的一部分B．系统集成方案包括存储子系统C．信息安全不是系统集成方案的一部分D．系统集成包括网络集成和应用集成27、为了实现高速共享存储以及块级数据访问，采用高速的光纤通道作为传输介质，实现存储系统网络化的网络存储模式是（ C ）A．DASD．NASC．SAND．SNA28、下列有关XML的叙述种错误的是（ A ）A．SAX是比DOM更快、更轻量级的处理XML文档的方法B．XSLT除了可以定制XML文档在浏览器中的显示外，还可以讲一个XML文档转换成另一种数据的XML文档C．一个良构（Well-Formed）的XML文档必定也是符合DTD或XML Schema语义验证的D．XML文档中可以自定义标签，而HTML中则不行29、LINUX文件系统中存放超级用户管理程序的目录包括（ C ）A．/bootB．/devC．/rootD．/usr30、信任第三方的电子信用卡支付系统的核心是（ D ）A．商家B．用户C．银行D．可信第三方31、NA T技术中，端口映射技术和IP映射技术相比，具有的优点体现在（A ）A．实现内网主机使用保留IP地址上网B．地址映射过程自动完成C．实现多个内网主机共享同一IP地址D．使用规则进行配置32、磁盘备份的最主要优点是（？？？）A．数据读取速度快B．存储容量大C．存储安全D．以上都不是33、关于防火墙的包过滤规则说法正确的是（ B ）A．可以过滤应用数据B．端口可以用来过滤数据包C．可以检测病毒D．工作在网络应用层34、为了防御网络监听，最常用的方法是采用（ C ）A．物理传输B．电子邮件C．加密机制D．数字签名35、在计算机系统中，用户是通过（ B ）的中间应用层和操作系统互相作用的。

A．不可信B．可信C．不稳定D．稳定36、windows NT提供的分布式安全环境又被称为（ A ）A．域（Domain）B．工作组C．对等网D．安全网37、以下哪种协议不是应用层通信协议（ D ）A．HTTP , TELNETB．FTP , SMTPC．SNMP , HTTPD．HDLC . FDDI38、在TCP/IP协议结构中，传输层有哪些协议（ B ）A．TCP和IPB．UDP和TCPC．IP和ICMPD．TCP、IP、UDP、ICMP39、以下哪个不是IPv6的目标（ C ）A．地址空间的可扩展性B．网络层的安全C．服务质量控制D．更高的网络宽带40、telnet协议在网络上明文传输用户口令，这属于哪个阶段的安全问题（ A ）A．协议的设计阶段B．软件的实现阶段C．用户的还有阶段D．管理员维护阶段二、多选题（每题2分）41、下列符合综合布线产品选择原则的是（AC ）A．选择的线缆、接插件、电气设备应具有良好的物理和电气性能，而且价格适中B．设计、选择的系统应满足用户在现在和未来10至15年内对通信线路的要求C．有统一标识，方便配线、跳线D．选择目前市场最优化产品42、下列行为属于网络攻击的是（BD ）A．连续不停Ping某台主机B．发送带病毒和木马的电子邮件C．向多个邮箱群发一封电子邮件D．暴力破解服务器密码43、下列应用那些属于网络应用（ABC ）A．Web浏览B．FTP文件传输C．email电子邮件D．网上银行44、应对操作系统安全漏洞的基本方法是（ABC ）A．对默认安装进行必要的调整B．给所有用户设置严格的口令C．及时安装最新的安全补丁D．更换到另一种操作系统45、物理安全是整个信息系统安全的前提，以下安全防护措施中属于物理安全范畴的是（ABCD ）A．安装烟感、温感报警系统，禁止工作人员在主机房内吸烟或者使用火源B．要求工作人员在主机房内工作是必须穿着防静电工装和防静电鞋，并定期喷涂防静电剂C．为工作人员建立生物特征信息库，并在主机房入口安装指纹识别系统，禁止未经授权人员进入主机房D．对因被解雇、退休、辞职或其他原因离开信息系统岗位的人员，收回所有相关证件、徽章、密钥和访问控制标记等46、在信息系统安全技术体系中，环境安全主要指中心机房的安全保护，以下属于该体系中环境安全内容的是（BC ）A．设备防盗毁B．接地和防雷击C．机房空调D．防电磁泄漏47、下面属于信息化安全实施原则的是（ABCD ）A．预防控制为主的思想原则B．全员参与的原则C．动态管理的原则D．靠成本费用控制与风险平衡的原则48、WindowsNT的“域”控制机制具备哪些安全特性（ABC ）A．用户身份验证B．访问控制C．日志审计D．数据通讯的加密49、网络操作系统应当提供那些安全保障（ABCD ）A．验证、授权B．数据保密性C．数据一致性D．数据的不可否认性50、下面的操作系统中，哪些是Unit操作系统（ACD ）A．Red-hat linuxB．Novell NetwareC．Free BSDD．SCO Unix51、按用途和设计划分，操作系统有那些种类（ABCD ）A．批处理操作系统B．分时操作系统C．实时操作系统D．网络操作系统52、操作系统包含的具体功能有（ABCD ）A．作业协调B．资源管理C．I/O处理D．安全功能53、PKI能够执行的功能是（AC ）A．鉴别计算机消息的始发者B．确认计算机的物理位C．保守消息的机密D．确认用户具有的安全性特权54、以下各项措施中，能够有效防止计算机设备发生电磁泄漏的是（ABCD）A．配置电磁干扰设备，且在被保护的计算机设备工作时不能关机B．设备电磁屏蔽室，将需要重点保护的计算机设备进行隔离C．禁止在屏蔽墙上打钉钻孔，除非连接的是带金属加强芯的光缆D．信号传输线、公共地线以及电源线上加装虑波器55、目前，云计算的服务模式包括( ABD )A．IaaSB．PaaSC．TaaSD．SaaS三、判断题（每题1份）56、所谓增量备份，就是按备份周期对整个系统所有的文件进行备份。

57、只要设置了足够复杂的口令，黑客不可能侵入到计算机中58、蠕虫、特洛伊木马和病毒其实是一回事59、对称密码系统其安全性依赖于密钥的保密性，而不是算法的保密性60、伪造不属于恶意攻击61、数字证书多采用PKI技术来实现62、鉴别是防止主动攻击的重要技术。

鉴别的目的就是验证用户身份的合法性和用户间传输信息的完整性和真实性63、NA T技术难以解决目前IP地址资源紧张的问题。

64、DOS操作系统是单用户、单进程模式65、基于主机的备份速度快，无共享四、简答题（每题5分）66、简述分布式入侵检测系统的实现方式67、代理服务器有什么优缺点五、综合题（每题10分）68、某疾病控制中心的网络在总部以及全国各省、市、县等分支机构中部署了许多网络设备、办公计算机以及数据服务器等，这些设备承载了大量数据信息。