实力干货 雅思阅读长难句翻译练习
【精编范文】雅思阅读长难句100句及翻译(1)-范文word版 (1页)
【精编范文】雅思阅读长难句100句及翻译(1)-范文word版本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==雅思阅读长难句100句及翻译(1)01. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted . 那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。
02. A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist - scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower . （这是一种）照亮现实的欲望，此欲望从来就不会唐突的取代后面的那种欲望，后者是我们可以将其部分的理解为一个兼任小说加和科学家的人想要去准确并具体的记录下一朵花的结构和文理的那种意义上的欲望。
03. Hardys weakness derived from his apparent inability tocontrol the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones . 哈代的缺陷一方面缘起于他的某种明显的无能，无法控制好那结不尽相同的创作冲动的穿梭往来；另一方面缘起于他不愿意去培养和维持那些富于生机活力和风险性强的创作冲动。
雅思长难句精编版
IELTS 雅思长难句翻译练习（都对了有7.5阅读水平）1.Although modern information technologies can reduce the demand for physicaltransport by facilitating telework and teleservices, the requirement for transport continues to increase.2.This phenomenon has been emphasized by the relocation of some industries,particularly those which are labour intensive, to reduce production costs, even though the production site is hundreds or even thousands of kilometres away from the final assembly plant or away from users.3.The strong economic growth expected in countries which are candidates for entry tothe EU will also increase transport flows, in particular road haulage traffic.4.And although many candidate countries inherited a transport system whichencourages rail, the distribution between modes has tipped sharply in favor of road transport since 1990s.5.The ambitious objective can only be fully achieved by 2020, but proposed measuresare nonetheless a first essential step towards a sustainable transport system which will ideally be in place in 30-year time, that is by 2040.6.According to the latest estimates, if nothing is done to reserve the traffic growth trend,CO2 emissions from transport can be expected to increase by around 50% to 1113 billion tonnes by 2020, compared with the 739 billion tonnes recorded in 1990.7.In the short term it might curb the growth in road transport through the better loadingratio of goods vehicles and occupancy rates of passenger vehicles expected as a result of the increase in the price of transport.8.The second approach also concentrates on road transport pricing but is accompaniedby measures to increase the efficiency of the other modes (better quality of services, logistics, technology).9.It could help to achieve greater uncoupling than the first approach, but road transportwould keep the lion’s share of the market and continue to concentrate on saturates arteries, despite being the most polluting of the modes.10.It is far more ambitious than it looks, bearing in mind the historical imbalance in favorof roads for the last fifty years, but would achieve a marked break in the link between road transport growth and economic growth, without placing restrictions on the mobility of people and goods.。
100个雅思阅读长难句翻译练习51~60
【高分秘籍】100个雅思阅读长难句翻译练习51~60常常有同学会发出这样的疑问：“为什么每个单词都认识，却偏偏读不懂在说什么？”雅思阅读中的长难句一直是大家高分路上的绊脚石，如果分析不好，很可能会发生误判而导致题目做错。
所以，大家平时在备考雅思的时候一定要认识到翻译长难句练习的重要性。
在翻译的时候，要利用语法知识，仔细地去分析句子结构，准确把握该句话的含义。
所以，雅思学科频道为大家整理了100个长难句及其翻译，相信会对大家有所帮助！今天继续为大家带来10个长难句翻译：51. The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-establishedfact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands，islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle，are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the mid-ocean ridge system， whosesource，most geologists contend，is the upper mantle.对于地幔分层论点来说，最好的证据乃这样一个确认的事实，即在那些海洋岛屿——这些岛屿据信是源于由下层地幔升上来的地幔柱状溶岩流(mantleplume)——上发现的火山岩石，是由与海洋中部山脊系统的物质根本不同的物质构成的，而这一海洋中部山脊系统的成因，大多数地质学家论辩道，为上部地幔。
52. Some geologists，however，on the basis of observations concerning mantlexenoliths， argue that the mantle is not layered，but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in “incompatible elements” (elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state)percolating upward and transforming portions of the upper mantle irregularly，according to the vagaries of the fluids’pathways.但是，某些地质学家，以对地幔捕虏岩体(xenolith)所作的观察为依据，指出地幔并非是分层排列的，相反，地幔的异质性是由那些富含”不相容成分”的流质构成的，这些成分趋向于流体而非固体的状态，自下而上渗透扩散，并依照这些流质流向的任意性，不规则地将上部地幔的某些部分予以改变。
雅思阅读长难句整理-中英版
雅思阅读长难句汇编1. This environment encouraged a free interchange of ideas, which led to more creativity with form, function, color and materials that revolutionized attitudes to furniture design. （10-1-3）参考译文：这种环境鼓励思想的自由交换，激发了在形式，功能，颜色以及材料方面更多的创造性，这种创造性颠覆了家具设计的理念。
语言点：本句的主句是几本的主谓宾结构，主语为this environment，谓语动词为encouraged，宾语为 a free interchange of ideas，之后由which引导的定语从句对其结果进行了具体说明，即more creativity with form，function，color and materials，其中with form，function，color and materials 是more creativity的修饰成分，之后出现了that 引导的定语从句对more creativity进行了进一步分解释。
高频单词：interchange, creativity, material, revolutionized, attitude, furniture 2. A meaningful sound track is often as complicated as the image on the screen, and is ultimately just as much the responsibility of the director. （11-4-2）参考译文：一套内涵丰富的电影原声常常和银幕上的画面同样复杂深刻，并且最终也是影片导演需要肩负的重要职责。
雅思阅读长难句翻译练习之定语从句篇
雅思阅读长难句翻译练习之定语从句篇雅思阅读要想上高分，一定要学会正确翻译*中的长难句。
今天给大家带来了雅思阅读长难句翻译练习之定语从句篇，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
雅思阅读长难句翻译练习之定语从句篇同学们都知道，定语从句可以分为限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句。
这种分类方式是根据中心词与修饰成分之间的关系密切程度决定的，那么我们在翻译和理解雅思阅读长难句的过程中，就可以根据定语从句的不同种类采取不同的翻译方法。
1. 非限定性定语从句的翻译方法在非限定性定语从句中，中心词本身意义是明确的，修饰中心词的定语从句起补充说明的作用。
所以在翻译时，将非限定性定语从句与之前的主句译为并列结构即可，即先翻译主句，再翻译非限定性定语从句。
例：This all amounts to heightened activity and noise levels, which have the potential to be particularly serious for children experiencing auditory function deficit. (J9T2P1P2)讲解：由于have是复数形式，所以which指代前文的heightened activity and noise levels。
可译为：这一切增加了活动量与噪音级别，这对患有听觉功能障碍的孩子有潜在的严重影响。
但是‘这’在中文中指代抽象，所以虽然句子成分分析准确，但是仍然不能理解句子和含义。
修改如下:这一切增加了活动量与噪音级别，增加了的活动量和噪音量对患有听觉功能障碍的孩子有潜在的严重影响。
2. 较短的限定性定语从句在多数限定性定语从句中，中心词本身的意义不够明确的，需要定语从句修饰后才能确定准确含义。
因此在翻译一般的限定性定语从句时，将定语从句像一般的定语一样翻译到中心词之前就可以了。
注意，适用于这种翻译方法的定语从句长度一般较短。
雅思阅读长难句100句附翻译(3)
雅思阅读长难句100句附翻译(3)21. As my own studies have advanced，I have been increasingly impressed withthe functional similarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less sowith the structural differences that seem，at first glance，to constitute such animmense gulf between them.随着我的研究不断深入，我对昆虫和脊椎动物群落之间的功能类似性印象愈来愈深刻，而对结构上的差异印象愈发淡漠，虽然这些结构上的差异初看上去似乎构成了二者间一条无法愈越的鸿沟。
22. Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances，itsauthors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological，and talkingabout novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents muchof the fictional enterprise.虽然小说无疑起源于政治情状，但其作者则是以非意识形态的方式对这些政治情状作出反应的，而将小说和故事主要地当作意识形态的工具来探讨，会在相当程度上阻碍小说事业。
23. Is this a defect，or are the authors working out of，or trying to forge，adifferent kind of aesthetic?这究竟是一种缺陷呢，还是这些作者想要按照一种与众不同的美学体系进行创作，抑或是在试图创立一种与众不同的美学体系?24. In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomer's Cane,verges on expressionism or surrealism ;does this technique provide acounterpoint to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Blackheroes are pitted , a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes ofexpression ?不仅如此，有些黑人小说(比如JT的甘蔗)的风格接近与表现主义和超现实主义;这种技巧是否为流行的主题提供了一个和谐的对应呢?这种主题刻画了黑人注意与之相抗争的命运，这是一个通常用更为自然主义的表现手法所表达的主题。
雅思阅读疑难长句一百句译文
雅思阅读疑难长句一百句译文在雅思阅读考试中，我们会遇到很多长难句，考生在短时间内不可能找准这些长难句的意思，那么，下面是小编为您收集整理的雅思阅读疑难长句一百句译文，供大家参考!雅思阅读疑难长句一百句译文1. Looking beyond the 10-year period,the botanists estimate that some 3，000 native plant species may become extinct in the foreseeable future — more than 10 percent of the approximately 25，000 species of plants in the United States.「译文」在展望10年后的情况时植物学家们估计，在未来可预见到的时间内，3000种本地植物——占美国近25000种植物的10%——将可能灭绝。
2. The annual migrations of wildfowl and many other animals certainly cannot be regarded as a form of exploration,because such movements are actually only shifts from one habitat to another for the purpose of avoiding seasonal climatic variations.「译文」野生禽类和许多其他动物每年的迁徙，当然不能被看做是一种探险行为，因为，这些迁徙活动实际上只是从一个栖息地转移到另一个栖息地，以躲避气候的季节性变化。
3. Proponents of G-M foods argue using biotechnology in the production of food products has many benefits:it speeds up the process of breeding plants and animals with desired characteristics; can be used to introduce traits that a product wouldn't traditionally have; can improve the nutritional value of products; and can produce cheaper and more environmentally?friendly fertilizers.「译文」转基因食物的倡导者指出，用生物技术生产食物有很多益处：它能加速作物和牲畜的生长速度，并使它们具有所要求的特点;它可以给食物增添以往不具备的特征;可以改进食物的营养价值;可以生产出廉价、环保效果更好的肥料。
雅思阅读长难句翻译练习之定语从句篇
雅思阅读长难句翻译练习之定语从句篇雅思阅读要想上高分，一定要学会正确翻译*中的长难句。
今天给大家带来了雅思阅读长难句翻译练习之定语从句篇，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
雅思阅读长难句翻译练习之定语从句篇同学们都知道，定语从句可以分为限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句。
这种分类方式是根据中心词与修饰成分之间的关系密切程度决定的，那么我们在翻译和理解雅思阅读长难句的过程中，就可以根据定语从句的不同种类采取不同的翻译方法。
1. 非限定性定语从句的翻译方法在非限定性定语从句中，中心词本身意义是明确的，修饰中心词的定语从句起补充说明的作用。
所以在翻译时，将非限定性定语从句与之前的主句译为并列结构即可，即先翻译主句，再翻译非限定性定语从句。
例：This all amounts to heightened activity and noise levels, which have the potential to be particularly serious for children experiencing auditory function deficit. (J9T2P1P2)讲解：由于have是复数形式，所以which指代前文的heightened activity and noise levels。
可译为：这一切增加了活动量与噪音级别，这对患有听觉功能障碍的孩子有潜在的严重影响。
但是‘这’在中文中指代抽象，所以虽然句子成分分析准确，但是仍然不能理解句子和含义。
修改如下:这一切增加了活动量与噪音级别，增加了的活动量和噪音量对患有听觉功能障碍的孩子有潜在的严重影响。
2. 较短的限定性定语从句在多数限定性定语从句中，中心词本身的意义不够明确的，需要定语从句修饰后才能确定准确含义。
因此在翻译一般的限定性定语从句时，将定语从句像一般的定语一样翻译到中心词之前就可以了。
注意，适用于这种翻译方法的定语从句长度一般较短。
雅思阅读长难句翻译练习
雅思阅读长难句翻译练习雅思阅读要想拿高分，一定要充分理解阅读*的含义,下面给大家带来了雅思阅读长难句翻译练习，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
雅思阅读长难句翻译练习01.That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。
02. (This is) A desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower .(这是一种)照亮现实的欲望，此欲望从来就不会唐突的取代后面的那种欲望，后者是我们可以将其部分的理解为一个兼任小说加和科学家的人想要去准确并具体的记录下一朵花的结构和文理的那种意义上的欲望。
03. Hardys weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones.哈代的缺陷一方面缘起于他的某种明显的无能，无法控制好那结不尽相同的创作冲动的穿梭往来;另一方面缘起于他不愿意去培养和维持那些富于生机活力和风险性强的创作冲动。
雅思阅读长难句100句附翻译(4)
雅思阅读长难句100句附翻译(4)31. Studies by Hargrave and Geen estimated natural community grazing ratesby measuring feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratoryand then computing community grazing rates for field conditions using the knownpopulation density of grazers.由哈格雷夫(Hargrave)和吉恩(Geen)所进行的研究，对自然条件下的群落捕食速率进行了估计，其手段是通过测量出实验室内单独的浮游动物种类的捕食速率，然后利用已知的食草动物种群密度，计算出实地状况下的群落捕食速率。
32. In the periods of peak zooplankton abundance，that is，in the late springand in the summer，Haney recorded maximum daily community grazing rates，fornutrient-poor lakes and bog lakes，respectively，of 6.6 percent and 114 percent ofdaily phytoplankton production.在浮游动物数量激增的高峰期，亦即在春季后期以及夏季，哈尼记录了最大程度上的每日群落食草比率，对于营养物不充足的湖和沼泽湖而言，分别为每日浮游植物繁殖量的6.6%和114%.33. The hydrologic cycle，a major topic in this science，is the completecycle of phenomena through which water passes，beginning as atmospheric watervapor，passing into liquid and solid form as precipitation，thence along and intothe ground surface，and finally againreturning to the form of atmospheric watervapor by means of evaporation and transpiration. 水文循环(hydrologiccycle)，作为该学科中的一个主要课题，指的是水所经过的诸现象的整个循环过程，开始时是作为大气中的水蒸气，转而作为雨、雪、露、雹一类的降水量经过液体和固体形态，由此而沿着地层表面分布或进入地层表面，最终通过蒸发和散发作用再度回复到大气水蒸气的形态。
雅思阅读难点200句长难句
雅思阅读难点200句长难句雅思200句长难句1.Wearing a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.2. But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.3. However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle; or you are making a localdelivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it.4. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.5. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could he slowed down.6. With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.7. Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect （智能）and emotion, and determine the human character.8. Contraction of front and side parts as cells die off was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty and seventy-year-olds.9. The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.10. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.11. We know that you have a high opinion of the kind of learning taught in your colleges, and that the costs of living of our young men, while with you, would be very expensive to you.12. But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things, and you will therefore not be offended if our ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours.13. We are, however, not the less obliged by your kind offer, though we refuse to accept it; and, to show our grateful sense of it, if the gentlemen of Virginia will send us a dozen of their sons, we will take care of their education, teach them in all we know , and make men of them.14. In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history,the earth’s postwar era, there was quite a wide-spread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day.15. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives. We are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem.16. Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong.17. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.18. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travellers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it , let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface.19. The first time that the question “ What is at the bottom of the oceans?” had to be answered with any commerc ial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed.20. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.21. For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers.22. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs.23. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities.24. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.25. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.26. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning. 27. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively.28. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with thecomplexities of spelling?29. It may have been a shar p criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings.30. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centred on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.31. Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employers would be greater.32. The release of the carbon in these compounds for recycling depends almost entirely on the action of both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and certain types of fungi.33. A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have out grown thejumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a mouse era and a major who says that they haven’t.34. They are trying to find out whether there is something about the way we teach language to children which in fact prevents children from learning sooner.35. Mathematicians who have tried to use the computers to copy the way the brain works have found that even using the latest electronic equipment they would have to build a computer which weighed over 10,000 kilos.36. Since different people like to do so many different things in their spare time, we could make a long list of hobbies, taking in everything from collecting matchboxes and raising rare fish, to learning about the stars and making model ships.37. They know that a seal swimming under the ice will keep a breathing hole open by its warm breath, so they will wait beside the hole and kill it.38. We may be able to decide whether someone is white only by seeing if they have none of the features that would mark them clearly as a member of another race.39. Although signs of dishonesty in school , business and government seem much more numerous in years than in the past, could it be that we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty?40. It is not quite a matter of disagreeing with the theory of independence, but of rejecting its implications: that the romances may be taken in any or no particular order, that they have no cumulative effect, and that they are as separate as the works of a modern novelist.41. His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States, but his definition of racial prejudice as “ racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition,” can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.42. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of and so was crucial in sustaining —the Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.43. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on , is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.44. There are several steps that can be taken, of which the chief one is to demand of all the organizations that exist with the declared objectives of safeguarding the interests of animals that they should declare clearly where they stand on violence towards people.45. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types, however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits.46. According to this theory, it is not the quality of the sensory nerve impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of the brain into which they discharge , and there is some evidence for this view.47. The result of attrition is that, where the areas of the whole leaves follow a normal distribution, a bimodal distribution is produced, one peak composed mainly of fragmented pieces, the other of the larger remains.48. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census takers made out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the reliability of present day economic forecasting, there are considerable difference of opinion.49. A survey conducted in Britain confirmed that an abnormally high percentage of patients suffering from arthritis of the spine who had been treated with X rays contracted cancer.50. Yet across the gulf of space, minds that are to our minds as ours are to those of the beasts that perish, intellects vast and cool andunsympathetic, regarded this earth with envious eyes, and slowly and surely drew their plans against us.51. Even the doctoral degree, long recognized as a required “ union card” in the academic world, has come under severe criticism as the pursuit of learning for its own sake and the accumulation of knowledge without immediate application to a professor’s classroom duties.52. While a selection of necessary details is involved in both, the officer must remain neutral and clearly try to present a picture of the facts, while the artist usually begins with a preconceived message or attitude which is then transmitted through the use of carefully selected details of action described in words intended to provoke associations and emotional reactions in the reader.53. Articles in the popular press even criticize the Gross National Production (GNP) because it is not such a complete index of welfare, ignoring, on the one hand, that it was never intended to be, and suggesting, on the other, that with appropriate changes it could be converted into one.54. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as far as psychoneuaral correlations were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences.55. The Chinese have distributed publications to farmers and other rural residents instructing them in what to watch for their animals so that every household can join in helping to predict earthquakes. 56. Supporters of the Star Wars defense system hope that this would not only protect a nation against an actual nuclear attack, but would be enough of a threat to keep a nuclear war from ever happening. 57. Neither would it prevent cruise missiles or bombers, whose flights are within the Earth’s atmosphere, from hitting their targets.58. Civil rights activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics, and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies.59. During the nineteenth century, she argues, the concept of the “useful” child who contributed to the family economy gave way gradually to the present day notion of the “useless” child who, though producing no income for, and indeed extremely costly to its parents, is yet considered emotionally “ priceless”.60. Well established among segments of the middle and upper classes by the mid-1800’s, this new view of childhood spread throughout society in the late nineteenth and early twentiethcenturies as reformers introduced child labor regulations and compulsory education laws predicted in part on the assumption thata child’s emotional value made child labor taboo.61. Of course, it would be as dangerous to overreact to history by concluding that the majority must now be wrong about expansion as it would be to re-enact the response that greeted the suggestion that the continents had drifted.62. While the fact of this consumer revolution is hardly in doubt, three key questions remain: who were the consumers? What were their motives? And what were the effect of the new demand for luxuries?63. Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufacturers and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what.64. With respect to their reasons for immigrating, Grassy does not deny their frequently noted fact that some of the immigrants of the 1630’s, most notably the organizers and clergy, advanced religious explanations for departure, but he finds that such explanations usually assumed primacy only in retrospect.65. If we take the age-and sex-specific unemployment rates that existed in 1956 (when the overall unemployment rate was 4.1 percent) and weight them by the age- and sex-specific shares of the labor force that prevail currently, the overall unemployment rate becomes 5 percent.66. He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a “ step up” toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power.67. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large, however, the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economy’s larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided.68. However, when investment flows primarily in one direction, as it generally does from industrial to developing countries, the seemingly reciprocal source-based restrictions produce revenue sacrifices primarily by the state receiving most of the foreign investment and producing most of the income—namely ,the developing country partner.69. The pursuit of private interests with as little interference as possible from government was seen as the road to human happiness and progress rather than the public obligation and involvement in the collective community that emphasized by the Greeks.70. The defense lawyer relied on long-standing principles governingthe conduct of prosecuting attorneys: as quasi-judicial officers of the court they are under a duty not to prejudice a party’s case through overzealous prosecution or to detract from the impartiality of courtroom atmosphere.71. No prudent person dared to act on the assumption that, when the continent was settled, one government could include the whole; and when the vast expense broke up, as seemed inevitable, into a collection of separate nations, only discord, antagonism, and wars could be expected.72. If they were right in thinking that the next necessity in human progress was to lift the average person upon an intellectual and social level with the most favored, they stood at least three generations nearer than Europe to that goal.73. Somehow he knows that if our huckstering civilization did not at every moment violate the eternal fitness of things, the poet’s song would have been given to the world, and the poet would have been cared for by the whole human brotherhood, as any man should be who does the duty that every man owes it.74. The instinctive sense of the dishonor which money-purchase does to art is so strong that sometimes a man of letters who can pay his way otherwise refuses pay for his work, as Lord Byron did, for a while, from a noble pride, and as Count Tolstoy has tried to do, from a noble conscience.75. Perhaps he believed that he could not criticize American foreign policy without endangering the support for civil rights that he had won from the federal government.76. Abraham Lincoln, who presided in his stone temple on August 28, 1963 above the children of the slaves he emancipated (解放), may have used just the right words to sum up the general reaction to the Negroes’ massive march on Washington.77. In the Warren Court era, voters asked the Court to pass on issues concerning the size and shape of electoral districts, partly out of desperation because no other branch of government offered relief, and partly out of hope that the Court would reexamine old decisions in this area as it had in others, looking at basic constitutional principles in the light of modern living conditions.78. Some even argue plausibly that this weakness may be irremediable : in any society that, like a capitalist society, seeks to become ever wealthier in material terms disproportionate rewards are bound to flow to the people who are instrumental in producing the increase in its wealth.79. This doctrine has broadened the application of the Fourteenth Amendment to other, nonracial forms of discrimination, for while some justices have refused to find any legislative classification otherthan race to be constitutionally disfavored, most have been receptive to arguments that at least some nonracial discriminations, sexual discrimination in particular, are “suspect” and deserve this heightened scrutiny by the courts.80. But as cameras become more sophisticated, more automated, some photographers are tempted to disarm themselves or to suggest that they are not really armed, preferring to submit themselves to the limits imposed by premodern camera technology because a cruder, less high-powered machine is thought to give more interesting or emotive results, to have more room for creative accident.81. Both novelists use a storytelling method that emphasizes ironic disjunctions between different perspectives on the same events as well as ironic tensions that inhere in the relationship between surface drama and concealed authorical intention, a method I call an evidentiary narrative technique.82. When black poets are discussed separately as a group, for instance, the extent to which their work reflects the development of poetry in general should not be forgotten, or a distortion of literacy history may result.83. These differences include the bolder and more forthright speech of the later generation and its technical inventiveness.84. But black poets were not battling over old or new rather, one accomplished Black poet was ready to welcome another, whatever his or her style, for what mattered was racial pride.85. Tolstoy reversed all preconceptions and in every reversal he overthrew the “ system”, the “ machine”, the externally ordained belief, the conventional behaviour in favor of unsystematic, impulsive life, of inward motivation and the solutions of independent thought.86. It was better covered by television and press than any event here since President Kennedy’s inauguration (就职) , and , since indifferent is almost as great a problem to the Negro as hostility, this was a plus.87. But do not the challenge and the excitement of the critical problem as such lie in that ambivalence of attitude which allows us to recognize the intelligence and even the splendor of Meredith’s work, while, at the same time, we experience a lack of sympathy, a failure of any enthusiasm of response?88. In this respect she resembled one of her favourite contemporaries, Mary Brunton, who would rather have “ glided through the world unknown” than been suspected of literary airs—to be shunned, as literary women are, by the more pretending of their own sex, and abhorred, as literary women are, by the more pretending of the other!89. From those sounds which we hear on small or on coarse occasions, we do not easily receive strong impressions, or delightful images; and words to which we are nearly strangers, whenever they occur, draw that attention on themselves which they should transmit to things.90. To proceed thus is to set up a fivefold hypothesis that enables you to gather from the innumerable items cast up by the sea of experience upon the shores of your observation only the limited number of relevant data—relevant, that is, to one or more of the five factors of your hypothesis.91. As an author, I am naturally concerned that a surprisingly large percentage of the population of the United States is functionally illiterate; if they can’t read or cannot understand what they read, they won’t buy books, or this magazine.92. They do not know those parts of the doctrine which explain and justify the remainder ; the considerations which show that a fact which seemingly conflicts with another is reconcilable with it, or that, of two apparently strong reasons, one and not the other ought to be preferred.93. Quite apart from the logistic problems, there existed a well-established tradition in Britain which refused to repatriate against their will people who found themselves in British hands and the nature of whose reception by their own government was, to say the least, dubious.94. An obsession with the exact privileges of a colonial legislature and the precise extent of Britain’s imperial power, the specifics of a state constitution and the absolute necessity of a federal one, all expressed this urge for a careful articulation as proof that the right relationship with external powers did indeed prevail.95. One encyclopaedia tells us that intelligence is related to the ability to learn, to the speed with which things are learned, to how well and how long ideas are remembered, to the ability to understand those ideas and use them in problem-solving, and to creativity.96. The event marked the end of an extended effort by William Barton Rogers, M.I.T. ‘s founder and first president, to create a new kind of educational institution relevant to the times and to the contrary’s need, where young men and women would be educated in the application as well as the acquisition of knowledge.97. Each departmental program consists, in part, of a grouping of subjects in the department’s areas of professional interest and, in part, of additional opportunities for students of their choice.98. Alternatively, a student may use elective time to prepare for advanced study in some professional field, such as medicine or law,for graduate study in some area in which M. I. T. gives no undergraduate degree, such as meteorology or psychology, or for advanced study in an interdisciplinary field, such as astrophysics, communication science, or energy.99. While the undergraduate curriculum for an open Bachelor of Science degree, as listed by a department, may have its own unique features, each program must be laid out in consultation with a departmental representative to assure that it is meaningful in structure and challenging in content.100. Where previously it had concentrated on the big infrastructure projects such as dams, roads and bridges, it began to switch to projects which directly improved the basic services of a country. 101. Thus in addition to the chances of going away from the right path outlined above, the scientific investigator shares with the ordinary citizen the possibilities of falling into errors of reasoning in the ways we have just indicated, and many others as well.102. He made a hole and peering through, could see jewellery, and other objects stacked in piles in the shadows that extended beyond the beam of light penetrating the interior.103. Neither Ayat nor the Rassoul brothers noticed, however, that most of the pieces they were selling were of a type not previously seen in the marketplace—pieces whose existence had been suspected but which had not yet been discovered by archaeologists. 104. “The biggest construction project of this century”, explained French President Francois Mitterand in January, 1986 as he and then British prime minister Margaret Thatcher jointly announced that the two countries would finally overcome ancient quarrels and prejudices and forge a link across the narrow Channel separating them.105. Perhaps the fact that many of these first studies considered only algae(水藻) of a size that could be collected in a net(net phytoplankton), a practice that overlooked the smaller phytoplankton(浮游植物群落) that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on, led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers in subsequent research.106. The converse observation, of the absence of grazers (食草动物)in areas of high phytoPlankton(浮游植物群落)concentration, led Hardy to propose his principle of animal exclusion , which hypothesized that phytoplankton produced a repellent(驱虫剂) that excluded grazers from regions of high phytoplankton concentration.107. Although these molecules allow radiation at visible at wave lengths, where most of the energy of sunlight is concentrated, to pass through, they absorb some of the longer-wavelength, infrared emission(红外辐射) radiated from the Earth,s surface, radiation thatwould otherwise be transmitted back into space.108. In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomer’s Cane, verges on expressionism or surrealism(超现实主义), does this technique provide a counter point to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Black heroes are pitted, a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression?109. Roseenblatt’s thematic analysis permits considerable objectivity; he even explicitly states that it is not his intention to judge the merit of the various works—yet his reluctance seems misplaced, especially since an attempt to appraise might have led to interesting results. 110. Thus, for instance, it may come as a shock to mathematicians to learn that the Schrodinger equation (薛定谔的方程式)forthe hydrogen atom is not a literally correct description of this atom, but only an approximation to a somewhat more correct equation taking account of spin, magnetic dipole (磁性偶极子), and relatiristic effects, and that this corrected equation is itself only an imperfect approximation to an infinite set of quantum field theoretical equations( 量子场论方程式).111. Great comic artists assume that truth may bear all lights, and thus they seek to accentuate( 强调) contradictions in social action, not gloss over or transcend them by appeals to extrasocial symbols of divine ends, cosmic purpose, or laws of nature.112. The hydrologic(水文地质的) cycle, a major topic in this science, is the complete cycle of phenomena through which water passes, beginning as atmospheric water vapor, passing into liquid and solid form as precipitation (降水(量)), thence along and into the ground surface, and finally again returning to the form of atmospheric water vapor by means of evaporation and transpiration(散发).113. My point is that its central consciousness—its profound understanding of class and gender as shaping influences on people’s lives—owes much to that earlier literary heritage, a heritage that, in general, has not been sufficiently valued by most contemporary literary critics.114. In the early 1950’s historians who studies preindustrial Europe (which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800) began, for the first time in large numbers, to investigate more of the preindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elite (精华) : the kings, generals, judges, nobles, bishops, and local magnates (要人) who had hitherto (迄今) usually filled history books.115. The historian Frederick J. Tuner wrote in the 1890’s that the agrarian(农民) discontent (不满) that had been developing steadily in the United States since about 1870 had been precipitated (加速) by the closing of the internal frontier—that is , the depletion (枯竭) of。
100个雅思阅读长难句翻译练习71~80
【高分秘籍】100个雅思阅读长难句翻译练习71~80常常有同学会发出这样的疑问：“为什么每个单词都认识，却偏偏读不懂在说什么？”雅思阅读中的长难句一直是大家高分路上的绊脚石，如果分析不好，很可能会发生误判而导致题目做错。
所以，大家平时在备考雅思的时候一定要认识到翻译长难句练习的重要性。
在翻译的时候，要利用语法知识，仔细地去分析句子结构，准确把握该句话的含义。
所以，雅思学科频道为大家整理了100个长难句及其翻译，相信会对大家有所帮助！今天继续为大家带来10个长难句翻译：71. Open acknowledgement of the existence of women’s oppression was tooradical for the United Stated in the fifties, and Beauvoir’s conclusion, that change in women’s economic condition , though insufficient by itself , “remains the basic factor “ in improving women’s situation , was particularlyunacceptable .公开对妇女压迫的存在的承认对于50年代的美国而言有些过分激进，而且B的结论，即妇女经济状况的变化，经管它本身不是一个充分的因素，但是”仍然是提高妇女地位的根本因素”的观点，尤其无法令人接受。
72. Other theorists propose that the Moon was ripped out of the Earth’s rockymantle by the Earth’s collision with another large celestial body after much ofthe Earth’s iron fell to its core.其他的理论家提出，在地球的大部分铁沉入到地核之后，由于地球与另一个庞大的天体发生碰撞，月亮便从地球那石质的地幔中撕裂开来而形成的。
【最新推荐】雅思阅读长难句100句及翻译(3)-推荐word版 (1页)
【最新推荐】雅思阅读长难句100句及翻译(3)-推荐word版本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==雅思阅读长难句100句及翻译(3)41. But achieving necessary matches in physical properties across interfaces between living and nonliving matter requires knowledge of which molecules control the bonding of cells to each other - an area that we have not yet explored thoroughly . 但是，要想沿着原生和非原生物质之间的界面获取生理特性的必要匹配，需要某种知识，即什么样的分子控制着细胞彼此间的结合--而对这一领域，我们尚未进行充分的探索。
42. Islamic law is a phenomenon so different from all other forms of law - notwithstanding ， of course ， a considerable andinevitable number of coincidences with one or the other of them asfar as subject matter and positive enactments are concerned - thatits study is indispensable in order to appreciate adequately the full range of possible legal phenomena . 伊斯兰法是一种如此不同于所有其它法律形式的现象--毋庸置疑，尽管就其主要内容和有积极意义的法规而言，与其它法律形式中的这种或那种形式存在着相当数量的且不可避免的巧合相似之处--以致于对它进行研究便显得不可或缺，以便充分理解有可能存在的法律现象的全部范围。
雅思阅读长难句翻译练习分享
雅思阅读长难句翻译练习分享长难句一直是一些同学的难点,下面给大家带来了雅思阅读长难句翻译练习，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
雅思阅读长难句翻译练习51. The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is thewell-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands，islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle，are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the mid-ocean ridge system，whose source，most geologists contend，is the upper mantle.对于地幔分层论点来说，最好的证据乃这样一个确认的事实，即在那些海洋岛屿——这些岛屿据信是源于由下层地幔升上来的地幔柱状溶岩流(mantle plume)——上发现的火山岩石，是由与海洋中部山脊系统的物质根本不同的物质构成的，而这一海洋中部山脊系统的成因，大多数地质学家论辩道，为上部地幔。
52. Some geologists，however，on the basis of observations concerning mantle xenoliths，argue that the mantle is not layered，but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in "incompatibleelements" (elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state)percolating upward and transforming portions of the upper mantle irregularly，according to the vagaries of the fluids pathways.但是，某些地质学家，以对地幔捕虏岩体(xenolith)所作的观察为依据，指出地幔并非是分层排列的，相反，地幔的异质性是由那些富含"不相容成分"的流质构成的，这些成分趋向于流体而非固体的状态，自下而上渗透扩散，并依照这些流质流向的任意性，不规则地将上部地幔的某些部分予以改变。
【最新推荐】雅思阅读疑难长句30句(附译文)-27-推荐word版 (1页)
【最新推荐】雅思阅读疑难长句30句(附译文)-27-推荐word版
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！
== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==
雅思阅读疑难长句30句(附译文)-27
雅思为考生们收集整理了雅思阅读疑难长句30句，并同意附上了对应的译文，考生们在平时可多阅读一些英语的长难句，培养阅读的感觉，这样在考试时遇到这样的句子就不会有问题了。
27. With tuition rising faster than the rate of inflation and students taking longer and longer to finish college ， one of these days the public is going to say ， Enough !? Pennsylvania Republican Gov . Tom Ridge said .?
共和党人宾州州长汤姆。
里奇说：随着学费比通货膨胀率上涨得快，学生完成大学学业需要的时间越来越长，有一天公众会说：够了!?。
【2019最新】雅思阅读疑难长句30句(附译文)-7word版本 (1页)
【2019最新】雅思阅读疑难长句30句(附译文)-7word版本
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！
== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==
雅思阅读疑难长句30句(附译文)-7
雅思为考生们收集整理了雅思阅读疑难长句30句，并同意附上了对应的译文，考生们在平时可多阅读一些英语的长难句，培养阅读的感觉，这样在考试时遇到这样的句子就不会有问题了。
7. Other goals of the interview are ： to answer questions successfully ， obtain any additional information needed to make a decision ， accent your special strengths ， establish a positive relationship ， show confidence ， and to sell yourself .?
「译文」参加面试其他的目标包括：成功地回答问题，为做决定获得更多信息，强调自己的特殊优势，建立良好的关系，表达自己的信心，推销自己。
雅思阅读长难句式英文版
1.Even assuming that the WZCS`s 1,000 core zoos are all of a highstandard—complete with scientific staff and research facilities, trained and dedicated keepers ,accommodation that permits normal or natural behavior ,and a policy of cooperating fully with one another －what might be the potential for conversation?2.While newspapers and TV stations may aim to report world events accurately ,bethey natural or human disasters, political events or the horror of war, it is also true that their main objectives is to sell newspapers and attract listeners and viewers to their stations.3.Even in cases where foreign customers can speak English quite well, it’s oftenforgotten that they may not be able to understand it to the required level ―bearing in mind the regional and social variation which permeates speech and which can cause major problems of listening comprehension.4.In the mid-1980s, the idea gained currency within the scientific world that thetechniques which were successfully deciphering disorder-related genes could be applied to a larger project: if science can learn the genetic spelling of cystic fibrosis, why not attempt to find out how to spell “human”?5.What would be the implications if humanity were to understand, with precision,the genetic constitution which, given the same environment, will predispose one person towards a higher intelligence than another individual whose genes were differently shuffled?6.It wasn’t until the discovery of the reaction principle, which was the key to spacetravel and so represents one of the great milestones in the history of scientific thoughts, that rocket technology was able to develop.7.The British rocket differed from the Indian version in that it was completelyencased in a stout, iron cylinder, terminating in a conical head, measuring one meter in diameter and having a stick almost five meters long and constructed in such a way that it could be firmly attached to the body of the rocket.8.Leaving aside the philosophical question of whether anyone should have tobreathe someone else’s cigarette smoke ,the report suggests that the smoke experienced by many people in their daily lives is enough to produce substantial adverse effects on a person’s heart and lungs.9.The researchers criticize the practice of some scientific consultants who work withthe tobacco industry as assuming that cigarette smoke has the same impact on smokers as it does on non-smokers.10.They argue that those scientists are underestimating the damage done by passivesmoking and, in support of their recent findings, cite some previous research which points to passive smoking as the cause for between 30,000 and 60,000 deaths from heart attacks each year in the United States.11.It is essential that you, as an intending researcher, understand the differencebetween these two interpretations of the research process so that you do not become discouraged or begin to suffer from a feeling of “cheating” or not going about it the right way.12.It is in the light of an expectation that some observations are held to be relevantand some irrelevant, that one methodology is chosen and others discarded, that some experiments are conducted and others are not.13.Once you arrived your hypothesis, which is a product of your imagination, youthen proceed to a strictly logical and rigorous process, based upon deductive argument ----- hence the term “hypothetico-deductive”.14.If it were not for the dung beetle, chemical fertilizer and dung would be washedby rain into streams and rivers before it could be absorbed into the hard earth ,polluting water courses and causing blooms of blue-green algae.15.A number of species are available from the CSIRO or through a small number ofprivate breeders ,most of whom were entomologists with the CSIRO `s dung beetle unit who have taken their specialized knowledge of the insect and opened small business in direct competition with their former employer.16. If it is not clear, through role signs of one sort or another , which role iscurrently the operational one, the other party may not react in the appropriate way ------we may , in fact, hear quite another message if the focal person speaks to us ,for example, as a teacher and we hear her as an executive. 17．Particularly interesting are a series of collections which continue to document the evolution of ceremony and of material forms for which the Department already possesses early (if not the earliest ) collection formed after the first contact with European.18. The belief that rain and murky weather make people more unhappy is borne outby a study in Belgium, which showed that a telephone counseling service gets more telephone calls from people with suicidal feelings when it rains.19. In 1992, the United Nations Environmental Program and the World HealthOrganisation concluded that all of a sample of twenty megacities ----places likely to have more than ten million inhabitants in the year 2000--- already exceeded the level the WHO deems healthy in at least one major pollutant.20. Since mining activities represent only a temporary use of the land ,extensiverehabilitation measures are adopted to ensure that land capability after mining meets agreed and appropriate standards which, in some cases, are superior to the land`s pre-mining condition.21. The last 30 years, however, have seen an increasing emphasis on their role inprojecting the image of an organization and in uniting the workforce into a homogenous unit---particularly in “customer facing” industrie s ,and especially in financial services and retailing.22. Increasingly, the big supplies are becoming “managing agents “, which meansthey offer a total service to put together the whole complex operation of a company `s corporate clothing package ---which includes reliable sourcing, managing the inventory ,budget control and distribution to either central locations or to each staff member individually.23. These misconceptions do not remain isolated but become incorporated into amultifaceted, but organized, conceptual framework, making it and the component ideas ,some of which are erroneous ,more robust but also accessible to modification.24. These observations are generally consistent with our previous studies of pupil`sviews about the use and conservation of rainforests , in which girls were shown to be more sympathetic to animals and expressed views which seem to place an intrinsic value on non-human animal life.25. While two fifths of the students provided the information that the rainforestsprovided oxygen, in some cases this response also embraced the misconception that rainforest destruction would reduce atmospheric oxygen, making the atmosphere incompatible with human life on earth.26. In other words, they gave no indication of an appreciation of the either the rangeof the ways in which the rainforests are important or the complex social , economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests.27. Baleen species studied at close quarters underwater——specially a grey whalecalf in captivity for a year , and free-ranging right whales and humpback whales studied and filmed off Argentina and Hawaii——have obviously tracked objects with vision underwater , and they can apparently see moderately well both in water and in air.28. Although preliminary experimental evidence suggests that their in-air vision ispoor, the accuracy with which dolphins leap high to take small fish out of a trainer`s hand provides anecdotal evidence to the contrary.29. Some of the more complicated sounds are clearly communicate, although whatrole they may play in the social life and “culture” of cetaceans has been more the subject of wild speculation than of solid science.30. An increasing exodus from their clinics, coupled with this and a number of otherrelevant surveys carried out in Australia, all pointing to orthodox doctors` inadequacies, have led mainstream doctors themselves to begin to admit they could learn from the personal style of alternative therapists.31.If you plot the amount of the time a juvenile devotes to play each day over thecourse of its development, you discover a pattern typically associated with a “sensitive period”——a brief development window during which the brain can actually be modified in ways that are not possible earlier or later in life。
雅思阅读长难句100句附翻译(9)
雅思阅读长难句100句附翻译(9)81. Not only are liver transplants never rejected，but they even induce astate of donor-specific unresponsiveness in which subsequent transplants ofother organs, such as skin,from that donor are accepted permanently.但是，我们已经发现，在许多种老鼠之间，这些移植法的"常规"并没有被肝脏移植物所遵循。
肝脏移植物非但从没遭到过排斥，甚至还诱发了一种供者特异性无应答状态(donor-specificunresponsiveness)，在此状态中，随后来自那个供者其它器官的移植物，如皮肤，会永久地被接受。
82. As rock interface are crossed, the elastic characteristics encountered(by seismic waves)generally change abruptly, which causes part of the energy tobe reflected back to the surface, where it is recorded by seismic instruments.当岩石界面被穿过的时候，震波所遇到的弹性性质通常会发生突然的变化，这就使得一部分能量被反射回地面，在地面反射回来的波被震波纪录仪记录下来。
83. While the new doctrine seems almost certainly correct，the one papyrusfragment raises the specter that another may be unearthed，showing，forinstance，that it was a posthumous production of the Danaid tetralogy whichbested Sophocles,and throwing the date once more into utter confusion.数据资料已被统计出来，或被重新统计出来，以便证明在文体学这方面，《乞援衰女》实际上确实在《波斯人》和《七雄攻忒拜》(后两者现在则变成了"原始"的剧作)之后以及在轴残片却唤起了一种幽灵似的疑虑，即另一块残片有可能再度被挖掘出来，并证明，比如说，《乞援衰女》是作者藉以击败索福克勒斯的《达那特四部曲》的一部死后出版之作，从而将创作年代再度置于极度的混乱之中.注：best:击败,=defeat, overcome, outdo84. The methods that a community devises to perpetuate itself come intobeing to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy that that community perceivesas essential. 一个社会所创造出来藉以使其自身生生不息、恒久不衰的方法得以形成产生，以保存在这个社会看来具有本质意义的文化遗产的各个方面。
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实力干货 | 雅思阅读长难句翻译练习
1、As my own studies have advanced，I have been increasingly impressed with the functional similarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seem，at first glance，to constitute such an immense gulf between them.
随着我的研究不断深入，我对昆虫和脊椎动物群落之间的功能类似性印象愈来愈深刻，而对结构上的差异印象愈发淡漠，虽然这些结构上的差异初看上去似乎构成了二者间一条无法愈越的鸿沟。
2、Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels，bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnson's Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man.
《黑人小说》考察了极为广泛的一系列小说，在此过程中让我们注意到了某些引人入胜但却鲜为人知的作品，如詹姆斯。
韦尔登。
约翰逊(James Weldon Johnson)的《一个曾经是有色人的自传》(Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man)。
3、In the periods of peak zooplankton abundance，that is，in the late spring and in the summer， Haney recorded maximum daily community grazing rates，for nutrient-poor lakes and bog lakes，respectively，of 6.6 percent and 114 percent of daily phytoplankton production.
在浮游动物数量激增的高峰期，亦即在春季后期以及夏季，哈尼记录了最大程度上的每日群落食草比率，对于营养物不充足的湖和沼泽湖而言，分别为每日浮游植物繁殖量的6.6%和114%.
4、(Both Jewish law and canon law are more uniform than Islamic law.)Though historically there is a discernible break between Jewish law of the sovereign state of ancient Israel and of the Diaspora (the dispersion of Jewish people after the conquest of Israel)， the spirit of the legal matter in later parts of the Old Testament is very close to that of the Talmud， one of the primary codifications of Jewish law in the Diaspora.
尽管从历史角度来看，在古代以色列作为独立主权国家的犹太教法与大流散时期(Diaspora，即以色列被征服后古代犹太人被巴比伦人逐出故土)的犹太教法之间存在着一个明晰可辨的断裂，然则，《旧约全书》(Old Testament)后半部分中法律内容的精神与《犹太教法典》(Talmud)极为一脉相承，而所谓的《犹太教法典》，是指大流散时期犹太教法的主要典籍辑录之一。
5、But achieving necessary matches in physical properties across interfaces between living and nonliving matter requires knowledge of which molecules control the bonding of cells to each other-an area that we have not yet explored thoroughly. 但是，要想沿着原生和非原生物质之间的界面获取生理特性的必要匹配，需要某种知识，即什么样的分子控制着细胞彼此间的结合——而对这一领域，我们尚未进行充分的探索。
6、The best evidence for the layered-mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands，islands believed to result from mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle，are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the mid-ocean ridge system， whose source，most geologists contend，is the upper mantle.
对于地幔分层论点来说，最好的证据乃这样一个确认的事实，即在那些海洋岛屿——这些岛屿据信是源于由下层地幔升上来的地幔柱状溶岩流(mantle plume)——上发现的火山岩石，是由与海洋中部山脊系统的物质根本不同的物质构成的，而这一海洋中部山脊系统的成因，大多数地质学家论辩道，为上部地幔。
7、Fallois proposed that Proust had tried to begin a novel in 1908, abandoned it for what was to be a long demonstration of Saint-Beuve's blindness to the real nature of great writing , found the essay giving rise to personal memories and fictional developments ,and allowed these to take over it a steadily developing novel.
F认为，P在1908年试图开始写一部小说，又为了写一部批判S-B的伟大作品的真正本质的视而不见的长篇的证明而放弃了这部小说，其后又发现这一论文又勾起了其个人记忆及小说情节的萌生，使得后者取而代之形成了一部稳定展开的小说。
8、Granted that the presence of these elements need not argue an authorial awareness of novelistic construction comparable to that of Henry James， their presence does(15) encourage attempts to unify the novel's heterogeneous parts.
诚然，这些因素的存在并不能证明作者对小说架构的意识可与亨利。
詹姆斯(Henry James)的那种意识相比拟;然则，任何力图将小说所有形形色色的因素统一起来的做法，在某种程度上注定是无法令人信服的。
Granted that:大家都统一、当然，表让步，=admitted , of course.
9、The isotopic composition of lead often varies from one source of common copper ore to another，with variations exceeding the measurement error;and preliminary studies indicate virtually uniform is topic composition of the lead from a single copper-ore source.
铅的同位素构成经常在一种普通铜矿石来源与另一种铜矿石来源之间存在差异，其差异程度超出测量误差;而最初的研究表明，对于来自单独一个铜矿石来源的铅来说，其同位素构成几乎是毫无二致的。
10、The methods that a community devises to perpetuate itself come into being to preserve aspects of the cultural legacy that that community perceives as essential. 一个社会所创造出来藉以使其自身生生不息、恒久不衰的方法得以形成产生，以保存在这个社会看来具有本质意义的文化遗产的各个方面。