交通事故论文摘要

摘要

1992年4月18日，在107国道与一农村道路交叉处，发生了一起重大交通事故。论文从人、车、路和管理四个方面，找出导致该事故的诸多成因，并确定最主要原因。然后针对该起事故，给出相应的3E对策，包括工程(Engineering)对策、教育(Education)对策、法制(Enforcement)对策，以期避免类似交通事故的再次发生。

通过查阅道路交通安全系统方面的资料，了解安全原理、交通心理学、交通工程、汽车行驶安全基础知识、道路交通事故处理、道路改建设计等内容，掌握系统安全在道路交通事故中的应用。运用系统安全的研究方法来分析4.18事故。论文从人、车、路和管理四个方面着手分析导致该事故发生的原因，针对该事故的成因，从这四个方面提出预防和减少类似事故发生的对策。

在4.18事故中，道路因素是导致该重大事故发生的最主要原因，其次是骑自行车人的疏忽大意。所以本论文对该交叉路口进行了改进设计，增加了道路的视距，并完善道路交通标志标线。另外还提出了管理类似路口和附近居民的可行性方案。

通过对4.18交通事故的分析，可以看出引起该事故发生的因素不是单一的，而是道路交通安全系统中人、车、路、管理四个因素相互作用、相互影响的结果。道理交通事故中人的因素起决定作用，其主观因素比较多。但是由于我国城乡经济发展不平衡，很多道路的设计建设无法适应当前飞速发展的现代交通模式，导致道路因素对交通事故影响不可忽视。

关键词：车辆工程；交通安全；事故成因；事故对策；路口改进设计

ABSTRACT

April 18, 1992, at a crossing of 107 State Road and a country road, there was a serious traffic accident. In order to prevent similar accidents happening，many causes of the traffic accident are found from the four areas of people, vehicles, roads and management and the main reason is identified，and 3E countermeasures which include engineering, education and enforcement are proposed.

Through accessing information about Road Traffic Safety Systems and leaning the safety principles, traffic psychology, traffic engineering, basic knowledge of automotive driving safety, road traffic accident, road reconstruction design and other content, the application of road traffic safety systems is mastered. Then the system is used to analyze the accident. The causes of the accident are analyzed from four areas of people, vehicles, roads and management, and solutions are proposed from the four areas to prevent and reduce the similar accidents.

In the 4.18 incident, the road is the main reason for the accident, followed by the negligent people riding a bicycle. Therefore, the design of the crossing is improved，the horizon of the road is increased, and road signs and marking are improved. Feasibility measures are also taken to manage similar junction and the nearby residents.

Through the analysis of traffic accidents 4.18, we can see the factors that caused the accident are not single, but the results of human, vehicles, roads, management of four factors that interact and influence each other. The human factor in road traffic system, play a decisive role, as it has more subjective factors. However, due to uneven economic development of urban and rural areas, many roads in design and construction can not adapt to the current rapid development of modern transportation, the impact of road on traffic accidents can not be ignored.

Keywords：Vehicle engineering; Road safety; Accident cause analysis; Accident countermeasures;Design intersection improvement