2012届高考英语一轮常用结构汇总复习讲义(五)

2012届高考英语一轮常用结构汇总复习讲义（五）
1：used to
(1) used to do sth. 过去常常……(现在已不如此)
We used to grow beautiful roses.
注意：否定句和疑问句有两种
You usedn’t to make that mistake.
She didn't use(d) to do it, did she?
You used to smoke a pipe, didn't you? / use(d) n't you?
(2) be / get / become used to + n. / doing 习惯于
I have always been used to hard work.
He got used to living in the country.
(3) be used to do 被用来做……
This knife is used to cut bread.
表示“过去常常……”时，used to与would区别：
(1) would 只强调“过去常常……”，used to 说明现在不是如此。

The old woman would sit there for hours doing nothing.
(2) would 只接行为动词，used to 可接行为动词和表状态的词。

如：be, like, know, have。

There used to be a temple at the foot of the mountain.
2：however
however主要有三个义项：
（1）然而，可是；仍然adv.。

作此意时，其显著特点是与逗号连用。

He was feeling bad. He went to work, however, and tried to concentrate.
他感觉不舒服，但他仍然去上班，并且努力集中精神工作。

It’s raining hard. However, I think we should go to school on time.
（=But I think we should go to school on time.）
雨很大，然而我想我们还是应该按时去上学。

（2）无论多么；不管多么。

通常与形容词或副词连用，引导让步状语从句，相当于该形容词或副词+ever引导的状语从句。

即：however +adj./adv. +主语+ 谓语=no matter how + adj./adv.
However hard it’s raining, we should go to school on time.
=No matter how hard it’s raining, we should go to school on time.
无论雨下得多大，我们还是应该按时去上学。

She has the window open, however cold it is outside.
不管外面多冷，她都开着窗户。

However carefully I explained, she still didn’t understand.
无论我解释得多么仔细，她还是没弄懂。

(3)不管以何种方式；以任何方式
You may dress however you wish.
你可以以你喜欢的任一方式穿衣服。

3.get it 明白了
get it 常用于口语中，问与答都适用，it没有实际意义。

有一些句子中，it虽然没有明确的意义，但用法已经固定下来，并成为人们日常的习惯用语。

相关归纳：
(1)I can’t help it 我没有办法。

(2)That’s it.这就对了！
(3)Get with it !振作精神！
(4)Keep at it !坚持下去！
(5)Go it while you are young.趁你还年轻就努力干吧。

(6)Make it 按时到达某处，办事成功；约定时间；及时赶上（火车，轮船等）
(7)kick it 戒掉
(8)like it/hate it that/when…喜欢/讨厌……
(9)see to it that…确保…
(10)depend on it that…依靠……
(11)answer for it that…对……负责
(12)have had it受够了；吃尽了苦头；无法忍受；生命没救
强化练习
1. _____ I could get a word in, the person went off in a hurry.
A. Before
B. When
C. While
D. after
变式1. strike the iron _____it is hot.
A. Before
B. When
C. While
D. after
变式2. I t will be 5 years _____ we meet again.
A. Before
B. When
C. While
D. after
变式3. I t won’t long before we ______ another party.
A. hold
B. are to hold
C. will hold
D. has held
解析：1. 考查before 的其中一个用法------还没来得及……一个动作就发生了。

答案：B
变式1. before 与while 都有趁的含义。

但是要注意的是：before后接的从句中的动词是非延续性的；而while后接的从句中的动词是延续性的。

答案：C
变式2 固定句型。

答案：A
变式3. before后接的从句中的动词要用一般现在时代替一般将来是。

答案：A
总结：before引导的时间状语从句的各种用法都很重要，命题时常常把before和相关连词的用法一起考查，大大增加了试题的难度。

2. I’m thinking of losing weight these days .
You ____ be out of mind . You are thin enough .
A. will
B. should
C. must D .may
变式1—What’s that terrible smell?
—Oh ,I forgot about the chicken! Look , it !
A．may be burnt B．ought to be boiling
C．can be cooking D．must be burning
变式2. The temperature in our city ________ fall to 13℃below freezing in winter.
A. shall
B. can
C. must
D. should
变式3. Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we __________ during the day.
A. may have done
B. would have done
C. should have done
D. must have done
变式4. —Look ! The clouds are gathering .
—Yes .I’m afraid it be pouring do wn soon .
A．can B．must C．should D．might
变式5. He can’t have attended the party last night, because I didn’t see him at that time,______?
A. can he
B. did he
C. has he D .was he
变式6..---Why! I couldn’t get you on the phone yes terday afternoon?
--- We ________ kites in the yard when you phoned.
A. could be flying
B. might have flied
C. must have been flying
D. should be flying
解析:2.根据语境可以确定是表示对现在状态的有把握的推测。

“你一定疯了”。

答案：C 变式1. 根据语境可以确定是表示对现在正发生的动作的极其有把握的推测.答案：D
变式2. can用在肯定句中表示推测是指有时可能会怎么样。

答案：B
变式3. “不管我们白天可能做了什么事情”可知是表示对已经发生的事情的把握不太大的推测。

答案：A
变式4. may/might/could 用于肯定句中表示对现在或将来把我不大的推测。

答案：D
变式5. 因为有表过去的具体时间状语，所以要用did这一助动词。

答案：B
变式6. must have been doing表示对过去某个时候或某段时间正在发生的动作的推测。

答案：C
3. He is very young; , he know a lot.
A. however
B. though
C. still
D. yet
变式1. He is very young; he know a lot，———
A. however
B. though
C. still
D. yet
变式2. You can travel _____ you like. It is all the same to me.
A. however
B. though
C. whatever
D. yet
变式3. ____ much it may take, I will buy the book.
A. however
B. though
C. whatever
D. yet
解析：3. however然而，可是；仍然adv.，作此意时，其显著特点是与逗号连用。

答案：A 变式1. though 用在adv.译为“然而，可是；仍然”要用在句子最后边。

答案：B
变式2. 不管以何种方式；以任何方式。

答案：A
变式3. 无论多么；不管多么。

通常与形容词或副词连用，引导让步状语从句，相当于该形容词或副词+ever引导的状语从句。

答案：D
4. An earthquake ____ the area on a cold night.
A. struck
B. hit on
C. seized
D. attack
变式1. A good idea _____ Tom, when he was wandering in the room.
A. struck
B. hit on
C. seized
D. attack
解析：4.考查“strike”的其中一个重要用法。

指疾病、火灾、自然灾害等突然袭击答案：A. 变式1.想起”注意”的三个典型表述方法: (1) sth. strike sb.
(2)sb. hit on/ upon (3) It occurred to sb that从句。

5. This is the desk, ______desk is broken.
A. whose
B. of which
C. which
D. that
变式1. This is the desk, ______the desk is broken.
A. whose
B. of which
C. which
D. that
解析：5. 分析可知定语从句中的“desk”缺少定语。

所以答案A：
变式1. whose+ 名词=of which + the n. 答案：b
6. Get up early _____ you will catch the early bus.
A. or
B. and
C. so
D. because
变式1. One more step _____ you will fall into the river.
A. or
B. and
C. so
D. because
变式２. Start out right away,________you’ll miss the first train.
A.and
B.but
C. or
D.while
变式３._____ , you will pass the exam.
A. Study hard
B. Studying hard
C. To study hard
D. Studied hard
解析：6. 此题考查“祈使句+and /or +句子”这一句型。

这一句型在高考中经常考察，要特别注意祈使句省略动词的情况：(Walk)one more step, and the little boy will fall into the well.所以答案选B
变式1. 在“祈使句+and /or +句子”这一句型中，除了用祈使句表示条件外也可以用名词短语表示条件，名词短语相当于祈使句的省略。

在该题中One more step=Walk one more step所以答案选B
变式2.该句意思是“立刻出发否则你会赶不上火车的”。

否则可以用or/or else/otherwise
变式3.该题考查现在分词做状语表示条件的用法。

选A的话应该加and.所以答案选B
自测试题
1. He ____ have completed his work; otherwis e, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should
B. must
C. wouldn’t
D. can’t
2. We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to _____ it. It might be valuable.
A. hold on to
B. keep
C. turn to
D. look after
3. I’m thinking of losing weight these days .
You ____ be out of mind . You are thin enough .
A. will
B. should
C. must D .may
4．_____ better understanding of physics is necessary for this ____ course.
A. The ; advanced
B. A ; advanced
C. The ; advance DA ; advancing
5. The worker could not help ____ by the beautiful scenery of Guilin.
A. striking
B. to be struck
C. being stuck
D. to strike
解析：
对过去情况的肯定推测，用must have done。

hold on to意为“留着不卖，不放弃”。

答语意思为“你一定是疯了，你已经够瘦了。

”用must在肯定句中表示语气非常肯定的推测。

答案:C
这里的understanding表示泛指意义，故用不定冠词；advanced做形容词表示“高级的”答案：B
由句意可知could not help为禁不住的意义，应接doing结构。

由题意得知用被动语态所以答案为：C。