不等跨铁路桥梁重力式矩形桥墩的设计及内力计算解读

兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）任务书

参考用图

兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）开题报告表

课题类型：（）A—工程设计；B—技术开发；C—软件工程；D—理论研究；

（2）X—真实课题；Y—模拟课题；Z—虚拟课题（1）、（2）均要填，如AY等。

兰州交通大学毕业设计学生自查表

（中期教学检查用）

指导教师签字：2014 年5月5日

摘要

本毕业设计对象为两孔不等跨钢筋混凝土铁路桥梁下部结构的桥墩。按设计要求应选用重力式矩形桥墩，并根据构造要求拟定桥墩各部分详细尺寸，然后进行结构内力计算，最终检算、修改，确定设计达到各项要求。

设计过程中，按给定的桥墩设计高度和桥跨长度，考虑到上部结构形状、支座位置及施工荷载要求，墩帽采用托盘式，墩身纵横向均采用变坡，以节省圬工，减轻结构自重。桥墩各部分详细尺寸，根据上部结构和各项规范要求拟定，然后进行各项检算，确定出经济合理的尺寸。

通过分析桥墩所受荷载类型，分别计算桥跨结构恒载压力和墩帽及墩身自重；单孔轻载、单孔重载、双孔重载竖向静活载；制动力(或牵引力)及纵向风力附加力。为使设计比较合理并切合实际情况，先确定出重力式矩形桥墩直线情况检算荷载组合，然后对墩身进行分段，采用单孔重载或双孔重载加纵向附加力组合进行墩身受压稳定性和墩身截面强度检算，单孔轻载加纵向附加力组合进行墩身偏心检算。

经过检算，各项检算均符合要求。

关键词：重力式矩形桥墩；荷载计算；荷载组合；墩身检算

Abstract

The graduation of two-hole design objects ranging across the lower part of the structure of reinforced concrete bridge piers railroad. Gravity should be selected according to the design requirements rectangular piers, piers and develop detailed dimensions of each part according to construction requirements, then structural internal force calculation, calculate the final inspection, modification, to determine the design meets the requirements.

In the design process, according to the given length of span height and bridge pier design, taking into account the upper structure shape, location and construction load bearing requirements, pier cap using tray type, the vertical and horizontal adopts variable slope, in order to save masonry, reduce the weight of structure. Pier with size parts, upper structure and various specifications according to the draft, and then checking, determine the economic and reasonable size.

By analyzing the pier suffered load types, were calculated across the bridge pier structure constant set pressure and pier cap and weight; hole light load, heavy duty hole, double overloaded static vertical live load; braking force (or traction) and additional vertical wind force. To make the design more reasonable and realistic, first determine the gravity of rectangular piers linear case Computation of load combinations, and then segmented pier, using heavy-duty or heavy duty hole plus additional longitudinal force in combination with two holes carried pier pressure stability and pier section strength check calculation, plus additional longitudinal hole light load combinations pier eccentric force seized count.

After checking, checking all meet the requirement.

Keywords: gravity rectangular piers; load calculation; load combinations; pier seized count

目录

1. 绪论 (1)

1.1 桥梁的组成 (1)

1.1.1 桥梁的上部结构 (1)

1.1.2 桥梁的下部结构 (1)

1.1.3 桥梁的支座 (1)

1.2 桥梁墩台 (2)

1.3 重力式桥墩 (2)

1.3.1 重力式桥墩的特点 (2)

1.3.2 重力式桥墩的形式 (3)

1.3.3 重力式桥墩的组成 (4)

1.4 桥墩的设计步骤与内容 (6)

2. 桥墩的尺寸拟定 (7)

2.1 墩帽尺寸的拟定 (7)

2.1.1 墩帽的厚度 (7)

2.1.2 墩帽的平面尺寸 (7)

2.1.3 托盘 (8)

2.1.4 墩帽设计 (9)

2.2 墩身尺寸的拟定 (10)

2.2.1 墩身设计 (11)

3. 荷载的种类与组合 (12)

3.1 荷载种类 (12)

3.1.1 永久荷载(恒载) (12)

3.1.2 可变荷载 (12)

3.2 荷载组合 (18)

3.2.1 桥墩计算的几种常见的荷载组合 (18)

3.2.2 最不利荷载组合的分析 (19)

3.2.3 荷载组合的有关规定 (20)

3.3 设计资料 (20)

3.4 荷载计算 (21)