2021年高考英语专题复习：虚拟语气复习全解
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2021年高考英语专题复习： 虚拟语气复习全解
10-2
The Subjunctive
Mood
Do the exercises individually, and then check your answers with your partners.
考点题例一
1. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ___h_a_d_t_o_l_d___ (tell) me, I could have helped. 2. I was wearing a seat belt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I _w__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e__b_e_en__i_n_ju_r_e_d__ (injure).
考点梳理
含蓄条件句
假设情况并非都是由if 引导的条件状语从句来表 示， 假设的情况有时隐含于某些介词短语、上 下文、句子内在的逻辑关系之中，往往隐含于 but for/without/otherwise/even though之类的词 之中，这种情况称为含蓄条件句。
1. But for your help, we would not have succeeded. 2. We might not do a lot of things without computer. 3. They had to leave early, otherwise the children would have been up too late.
考点题例二
1. It might have saved me some trouble __h__a_d__ I ___k_n_o_w_n__ (know) the schedule. 2. _W__e_r_e___ (be) there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
考点梳理
错综时间条件句 条件状语从句和主句的动作在时间上不一致， 这称为“错综时间条件句”。在这种虚拟条件 句中，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间进行调 整，选用适当形式。
1. If you had just followed my advice, you would be better now. 2. If we hadn’t got everything ready by now, we should have a terrible time tomorrow.
考点题例四
1. But for your help, we _c_o_u_l_d_n_’_t_h_a_v_e_f_i_n_is_h_e_d the work ahead of time.
2. I was ill that day. Otherwise , I _w_o_u__ld__h_a_v_e_t_a_k_e_n__p_a_r_t _in__ the sports meeting.
1. He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.
2. It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.
3. We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Dalian for sightseeing.
解析：would rather 后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用一 般过去时, 表示对现在或将来的虚拟；用过去完成时 表示对过去的虚拟。if only引导虚拟语气与 as if/though, wish结构相同。
难点解析
It is (high) time that…
1. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he ____d_i_d_/_sh_o_u__ld__d_o_____ (do) something instead of just talking. (2012 辽宁, 24)
她 解妈析妈：建当议su她gg去es看t 表医示生“。暗示，表明”之意insist 表示
“坚持说”之意时，suggest/insist后的宾语从句不使用 虚拟语气，应使用陈述语气。但当suggest表示“建议” 之意，insist表示“坚决要求”之意时，相应从句要虚 拟，从句动词使用should + do, should 可省略。
考点梳理
If 省略句 在虚拟条件状语从句中可省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变为倒装句式。
1. If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder.
试翻难译：点解析
insist/suggest引导虚拟语气
1. The man insisted that he had never stolen money. 那个人坚持说他从没有偷过钱。
He insisted that the boy (should) go with them. 他们坚决要求那个男孩子跟他们一起去。
2. It’s required by law that a driving test _(_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_b_e_t_a_k_e_n___ (take) before a man gets a license.
3. His proposal is that they ___(s_h_o_u_l_d_)_c_h_a_l_le_n_g_e__ (challenge) the other gro百度文库ps to a friendly competition.
考点梳理
“should do”型虚拟语气———— 名词性从句
表示命令、要求、建议等主观愿望的词在主语从句，宾语 从句，表语从句和同位语从句前，从句中的动词使用 should + 动词原形, should 可省略。这些词包括：insist; order, command; advise, suggest, propose; demand, require, request, desire等及其相应形式。
2. The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied
with our work. 他脸上的微笑表明他对我们的工作很满意。
Her mother suggested that she (should) go and see the
doctor.
考点题例五
1. I wish I __h_a_d__b_e_e_n_____ (be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. 2. Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I __d_a_n_c_e_d_____ (dance) as well as her. 3. Don’t handle the vase as if it ___w_e_r_e______ (be) made of steel.
(1) Fill in the blanks.
考点梳理
虚拟语气中类似if用法的其他句型
这样的句型包括wish(不可能实现的愿 望)/would rather (宁愿)引导的宾语从句，as if/as though(好像)引导的从句, if only(但愿)+ 句子。(wish, as though, if only 引导虚拟语 气时，与as if 结构相同) 1. He looks as if he were an artist. 2. She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America. 3. He learns English so hard as if he would go to the U.S.A.
2. The nationwide smog serves as a constant
reminder, indicating that it’s high time we ___r_e_f_le_c_t_e_d____ (reflect) on ourselves. (2015 浙江 宁波十校3月联考)
举一反三
1. I would rather you __s_t_a_y_ed__ at home now. 2. I would rather you_h_a_d_g_o_n__e there last year. 3. If only I __w__er_e___ a flying bird! 4. If only I _h_a_d__s_e_en__ the film!
Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
考点题例三
1. If it _h_a_d_n_’t__b_e_e_n_ (be) for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now. 2. If you were older, I w__o_u_l_d_h_a_v_e__a_ll_o_w_e_d_ (allow) you to go there yesterday.
2. If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus.
Had you come earlier, you would have caught the bus. 3. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
注意：在某些表示愿望、建议、必要的形容词 如necessary/important/desirable等后的主语从句 中从句谓语动词用should+ 动词原形，should可 以省略。
(1) It is necessary that you should go there. (2) It is desirable that the agreement (should) be signed before May.
注意：be的形式 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词“be”的过去时态一 般用were，不用was；在口语中，有时用was。
(1) If I were you, I would go to look for him. (2) If he were here, everything would be all right.
考点梳理
虚拟情况
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的 运用
从句
主句
与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 与将来事实相反
过去时(be的形式 would / should /
用were)
could / might +do
过去完成时
would / should / could / might + have done
过去时 / should+ would / should / do/ were to do could / might +do
解析：It is high time that sb did sth 或It is high time that sb should do sth，意为“到 某人该做某事的时候了。”
考点题例六
1. My mom suggests that we ___s_h_o_u_l_d___ eat out for a change this weekend.
10-2
The Subjunctive
Mood
Do the exercises individually, and then check your answers with your partners.
考点题例一
1. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ___h_a_d_t_o_l_d___ (tell) me, I could have helped. 2. I was wearing a seat belt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I _w__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e__b_e_en__i_n_ju_r_e_d__ (injure).
考点梳理
含蓄条件句
假设情况并非都是由if 引导的条件状语从句来表 示， 假设的情况有时隐含于某些介词短语、上 下文、句子内在的逻辑关系之中，往往隐含于 but for/without/otherwise/even though之类的词 之中，这种情况称为含蓄条件句。
1. But for your help, we would not have succeeded. 2. We might not do a lot of things without computer. 3. They had to leave early, otherwise the children would have been up too late.
考点题例二
1. It might have saved me some trouble __h__a_d__ I ___k_n_o_w_n__ (know) the schedule. 2. _W__e_r_e___ (be) there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
考点梳理
错综时间条件句 条件状语从句和主句的动作在时间上不一致， 这称为“错综时间条件句”。在这种虚拟条件 句中，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间进行调 整，选用适当形式。
1. If you had just followed my advice, you would be better now. 2. If we hadn’t got everything ready by now, we should have a terrible time tomorrow.
考点题例四
1. But for your help, we _c_o_u_l_d_n_’_t_h_a_v_e_f_i_n_is_h_e_d the work ahead of time.
2. I was ill that day. Otherwise , I _w_o_u__ld__h_a_v_e_t_a_k_e_n__p_a_r_t _in__ the sports meeting.
1. He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day.
2. It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.
3. We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Dalian for sightseeing.
解析：would rather 后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用一 般过去时, 表示对现在或将来的虚拟；用过去完成时 表示对过去的虚拟。if only引导虚拟语气与 as if/though, wish结构相同。
难点解析
It is (high) time that…
1. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he ____d_i_d_/_sh_o_u__ld__d_o_____ (do) something instead of just talking. (2012 辽宁, 24)
她 解妈析妈：建当议su她gg去es看t 表医示生“。暗示，表明”之意insist 表示
“坚持说”之意时，suggest/insist后的宾语从句不使用 虚拟语气，应使用陈述语气。但当suggest表示“建议” 之意，insist表示“坚决要求”之意时，相应从句要虚 拟，从句动词使用should + do, should 可省略。
考点梳理
If 省略句 在虚拟条件状语从句中可省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变为倒装句式。
1. If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder.
试翻难译：点解析
insist/suggest引导虚拟语气
1. The man insisted that he had never stolen money. 那个人坚持说他从没有偷过钱。
He insisted that the boy (should) go with them. 他们坚决要求那个男孩子跟他们一起去。
2. It’s required by law that a driving test _(_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_b_e_t_a_k_e_n___ (take) before a man gets a license.
3. His proposal is that they ___(s_h_o_u_l_d_)_c_h_a_l_le_n_g_e__ (challenge) the other gro百度文库ps to a friendly competition.
考点梳理
“should do”型虚拟语气———— 名词性从句
表示命令、要求、建议等主观愿望的词在主语从句，宾语 从句，表语从句和同位语从句前，从句中的动词使用 should + 动词原形, should 可省略。这些词包括：insist; order, command; advise, suggest, propose; demand, require, request, desire等及其相应形式。
2. The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied
with our work. 他脸上的微笑表明他对我们的工作很满意。
Her mother suggested that she (should) go and see the
doctor.
考点题例五
1. I wish I __h_a_d__b_e_e_n_____ (be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then. 2. Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I __d_a_n_c_e_d_____ (dance) as well as her. 3. Don’t handle the vase as if it ___w_e_r_e______ (be) made of steel.
(1) Fill in the blanks.
考点梳理
虚拟语气中类似if用法的其他句型
这样的句型包括wish(不可能实现的愿 望)/would rather (宁愿)引导的宾语从句，as if/as though(好像)引导的从句, if only(但愿)+ 句子。(wish, as though, if only 引导虚拟语 气时，与as if 结构相同) 1. He looks as if he were an artist. 2. She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America. 3. He learns English so hard as if he would go to the U.S.A.
2. The nationwide smog serves as a constant
reminder, indicating that it’s high time we ___r_e_f_le_c_t_e_d____ (reflect) on ourselves. (2015 浙江 宁波十校3月联考)
举一反三
1. I would rather you __s_t_a_y_ed__ at home now. 2. I would rather you_h_a_d_g_o_n__e there last year. 3. If only I __w__er_e___ a flying bird! 4. If only I _h_a_d__s_e_en__ the film!
Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
考点题例三
1. If it _h_a_d_n_’t__b_e_e_n_ (be) for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now. 2. If you were older, I w__o_u_l_d_h_a_v_e__a_ll_o_w_e_d_ (allow) you to go there yesterday.
2. If you had come earlier, you would have caught the bus.
Had you come earlier, you would have caught the bus. 3. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
注意：在某些表示愿望、建议、必要的形容词 如necessary/important/desirable等后的主语从句 中从句谓语动词用should+ 动词原形，should可 以省略。
(1) It is necessary that you should go there. (2) It is desirable that the agreement (should) be signed before May.
注意：be的形式 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词“be”的过去时态一 般用were，不用was；在口语中，有时用was。
(1) If I were you, I would go to look for him. (2) If he were here, everything would be all right.
考点梳理
虚拟情况
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的 运用
从句
主句
与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 与将来事实相反
过去时(be的形式 would / should /
用were)
could / might +do
过去完成时
would / should / could / might + have done
过去时 / should+ would / should / do/ were to do could / might +do
解析：It is high time that sb did sth 或It is high time that sb should do sth，意为“到 某人该做某事的时候了。”
考点题例六
1. My mom suggests that we ___s_h_o_u_l_d___ eat out for a change this weekend.