中考英语综合训练 介词拔高课讲义

介词拔高课（讲义）
一、介词的概念
概念：介词一般用于名词或代词前，表示该词与句中其他成分的关系。

I often read English in the
morning. Let’s meet at school.
He often plays football with them.
Thank you for helping me.
二、介词的分类
(一) 时间介词(二) 地点介词(三) 其他介词
★★ (一) 时间介词
in: 泛指的早中晚；月份；年份；；
in spring
in the twenty-first century
on: 某天的早中晚；某天 (日期；周几)；
on New Year’s Day on weekends on vacation at: 具体的时刻；；
at the age of 20
at night / at Christmas
during: 在……期间(+时间段)
She lives with us during these days.
He visited his aunt during the
holiday.
before: 在……以前
I have to go to bed before 10:00 p.m.
after: 在……以后
Lily often plays basketball after school.
单选
( )1. What do you want to do weekends?
A. on
B. over
C. to
D. in
( )2. I like swimming summer.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. for
( )3. the age of 26, Lily became a writer.
A. On
B. In
C. To
D. At
( )4. Jim learned to drive ___ the holiday.
A. at
B. during
C. to
D. for
( )5. He went to Shanghai July 7, 2013 and came back
a cold morning last year.
A. in; on
B. on; in
C. on; on
D. in; in
( )6. My mom often tells me to go back home dark(黄昏).
A. after
B. to
C. before
D. for
( )7. A lot of people are here _ vacation every year.
A. of
B. on
C. at
D. with
★★ (二) 地点介词
1.地点介词 at, in, on
at: “在……”(表一个点或小地方)
at home at Mr. Cool’s Clothes Store
at the pool at Central Park
in: “在……里”(表一个范围或大地方) in
China in Beijing
in the water in the park
on: “在……上”(表一个表面，并接触) on
the floor on the wall
对比这三个句子：
They stood at the door and waited.
他们站在门口等着。

(站在门口那个点)
There’s a hole in the door.
门上有一个洞。

(从立体的角度看门上的洞)
He’s putting up a picture on t he door.
他正在把一幅画贴到门上。

(贴在门那个面上)
2.表两地关系的方位介词 in, on, to
A is the west of
B. A is the west
of B. A is the
west of B.
in: 在某一范围之内
Guangdong is in the south of China.
on: 与某地是毗邻关系
Vietnam(越南) is on the south of China. to: 在某一范围之外(不接壤)
Japan is to the east of
China.
用 in, on, to 填空
1.Hebei is the north of Guangdong.
2.
Hebei is
the north of Henan.
3.Hebei is the north of China.
4.South Korea(韩国) is the east of China.
5.Hainan is the south of China.
3.在前面、在后面
在外部前面：in front of (= before)
在内部前面：in the front of
在外部后面：behind
在内部后面：at the back of
Eg: A person is in front of the bus.
4.在上面:
on (接触): My book is on the table.
over ( 正上): There is a light over the desk.
above (泛指): We are flying above the clouds.
在下面:
beneath ( 接触 ): His pen is beneath the book.
under (正下): A boy is standing under the tree.
below (泛指): The coat reaches below the knees.
5.在中间：
between (在两者之间) (指地点或时间)
Lucy is between Mary and Kate.
Don’t eat between meals. among
(在三者或以上中间) Lucy is among these girls. There is a house among the trees.
6. 穿过：
across: 从……表面穿过
He walked across the road. He can swim across the river. through: 从……中间穿过
They walked through the forest. I have to go through the crowd(人群).
7. 在旁边：next to & beside & by
Lily is sitting next to the window. Lily is sitting beside the window. Lily is sitting by the window. 地点介词小结：
1. 地点介词：at, in, on
2. 表两地关系的方位介词：in, on, to
3. 在前/后面：in front of, in the front of, behind, at the back of
4. 在上/下面：on, over, above, beneath, under, below
5. 在中间：between, among
6. 穿过：across, through
7. 在旁边：next to / beside / by
单选
( )1. Walk down this street. You’ll find the school
the
bank.
A. in front of
B. in the front of
C. in back of
D. at the back of
( )2. —Where do you sit, Jane?
—I sit Linda. She is just on my left.
A. next to
B. in front of
C. behind
D. among
( )3. The accident happened _ 7p.m. 9p.m.
A. from; to
B. between; to
C. from; and
D. between; and
( )4. We can see a river running to the east the hill.
A. in
B. below
C. over
D. under ( )5. The moonlight goes __ the window and makes the room bright.
A. across
B. over
C. through
D. in
★★ (三) 其他介词
1.with & without
with：和……一起；带有；用She
lives with her parents.
This is a house with big windows.
Cut it with a knife.
without: 没有
The fish can’t live without water.
He went to school without breakfast.
2.表“使用”时 in, with, by 的区别
in：用语言
Li Lei can sing this song in English.
Can you tell me the story in Chinese?
with：用具体有形的东西
Cut it with a knife.
He broke the window with a stone.
by：用……手段或方式
He makes a living by teaching.
Lucy made her sister happy by singing.
3.from “从……”
和 to 连用时，表“从……到……”，既可以表时间，也可以表地点。

The shop is open from 8:00 to 20:00.
He drove from Beijing to Zhengzhou.
常用短语：
be/come from 来自……
learn from 向……学习
buy…from从……买…
4.to “到；朝向”
He walks to school.
I am on the way to the supermarket.
常用短语：
listen to 听……
talk to 跟……说话
write to 给……写信
take to/bring to 带到……去/带到……来
5.like “像；如同”What
’s the weather like?
What does he look like?
常用短语：
sound like 听起来像……
look like 看起来像……
be like (内外)像……
其他介词小结：
1.with & without
with：和……一起；带有；用
without: 没有
2.表“使用”时 in, with, by 的区别
in：用语言 with：用
具体有形的东西
by：用……手段或方式
3.from “从……”
4.to “到；朝向”
5.like “像；如同”
单选
( )1. The man a big nose is our math teacher.
A.in
B. with
C. have
D. has ( )2. He sat there for a long time doing anything.
A. without
B. no
C. not
D. to ( )3. Li Ping often practices English chatting (聊天) with her American friends.
A. in
B. with
C. by
D. for ( )4. Tony and I are good friends. We usually learn a lot each other.
A. of
B. from
C. across
D. with ( )5. He works eight in the morning eight at night. So he is very tired every day.
A. from; to
B. from; at
C. between; to
D. at;
to ( )6. She looks my English teacher.
A. to
B. with
C. like
D. from
三、介词搭配以及所作成分
(一) 介词+名词
in spring on vacation at night
此类型短语在句中可作：
1.(后置)定语：The news on TV today is exciting.
2.表语：My sister is at home.
3.状语：Lily often gets up at 6:00 a.m. (时间状
语) He worked in China last year. (地点
状语) Tom goes to school by bike. (方式
状语)
(二) 动词+介词
come from listen to look like
此类型短语在句中可作：
谓语：David comes from the USA. She
is looking for her pen.
I wrote to my friend yesterday.
(三) be+形容词+介词
be interested in be good at
be strict with be late
for
此类型短语在句中可作：
谓语：I am interested in English.
Alice is good at dancing.
Our teacher is strict with
us.
四、课堂检测
一、单选
( )1. He often goes school half past six the morning.
A.for; to; in
B. to; at; in
C. to; for; at
D. for; at; to
( )2. My parents usually take a walk dinner to keep healthy.
A. at
B. of
C. during
D.
after ( )3. We sleep the
night and work in the day.
A. on
B. at
C. during
D. for
( )4. America is the south of Canada and _ the east of Japan.
A. to; in
B. on; to
C. on; on
D. in; beside ( )5. —What do you often do_ classes to relax yourself?
—Listen to music.
A. over
B. among
C. between
D. through ( )6. His grade in the exam put him the top students in his class.
A. between
B. over
C. among
D. above ( )7. The young men walked _ the forest and came to a big river at last.
A. through
B. across
C. over
D. on
( )8. Be careful when you walk the street.
A. through
B. across
C. under
D. over
( )9. —Why are you standing there, Lucy?
—I can’t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are
sitting me.
A. behind
B. in front of
C. beside
D. next to
( )10. The pay phone is the
library.
A. next
B. across
C. between
D. behind ( )11. There is a bridge the river.
A. on
B. under
C. over
D. in
( )12. We couldn’t finish our work so early your help.
A.without
B. with
C. for
D. by
( )13. Next the hotel is a big house a
beautiful garden.
A./; and
B. with; to
C. with; and
D. to; with ( )14. She is London. She likes bread breakfast.
A. from; for
B. to; to
C. of; for
D. from; to ( )15. Jane and Maria are going Beijing tomorrow.
A. in
B. to
C. of
D. with ( )16. —What’s your teacher __ ?
—She is always strict us.
A. like; in
B. like; with
C. look; to
D. look; with
( )17. —How do you study for a test?
—working with friends.
A. By
B. With
C. On
D. In
二、填空
18.Fruit and vegetables are good our health.
19.He won the 2012 Nobel Prize the age of 57.
20.The workers built a new railroad the two cities.
21.He arrived Beijing a rainy morning.
22.I couldn’t do it your great help. Thanks a lot!
三、用介词短语进行翻译
23.在冬天
24.在暑假期间
25.在这些男孩中
26.一杯加糖的牛奶
27.穿过窗户
四、翻译句子
28.黑板在教室的前边。

29.他每天通过跑步来锻炼身体。

30.咱们去帮助那位老人过马路吧！
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【参考答案】
二、介词的分类
(一)时间介词
in: 季节；世纪on: 节假日at: 年龄；固定搭配单选：1—5：ABDBC 6—7: CB
(二) 地点介词
2. 表两地关系的方位介词 in, on, to
in; on; to
用 in, on, to 填空：to; on; in; to; in
单选：1—5：AADBC
(三) 其他介词
单选：1—6：BACBAC 四、
课堂检测
一、
1—5：BDCBC 6—10：CABBD
11—15：CADAB 16—17：BA
二、
18. for 19. at 20. between
21. in; on 22. without
三、
23. in winter 24. during the summer vacation 25. among these boys 26. a glass of milk with sugar 27.through the window
四、
28.The blackboard is in the front of the classroom.
29.He exercises by running every day.
30.Let’s help that old man go across the road!
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