名词词组noun phrases

1.absence from 缺席,不在如：
His long absence from work delayed his promotion. 他长期不上班，把他的提升给耽误了。

2. absence of 缺乏如：
In the absence of my commanding officer, I acted on my own initiative.
指挥官不在场, 我主动见机行事。

In the absence of their teacher the class was in a state of anarchy.
教师不在, 班上一片混乱.
3. access to ……的入口,通路如：
The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 要到那农舍去唯有穿过田地。

She was forbidden access to the club. 人家不允许她到那个俱乐部去。

4. acquaintance with 相识,了解如：
I have only a nodding acquaintance with Japanese. 我对日语仅略知一二。

The guide has some acquaintance with Italian. 导游懂得一点意大利语。

5. action on sth 对……的作用如：
Evidences of glacial action on the rocks 岩石上的冰河留下的痕迹
6. addition to sth 增加如：
She is a beautiful addition to the family. 她是我们家漂亮的新成员。

Can we finance the addition to our home? 我们能负担得起家里新添置的东西吗？
7. admission to /into 进入,入(场,学,会)如：
How does one gain admission to the Buckingham Palace?
怎样才能获准进入白金汉宫？
Admission to British universities depends on examination results.
英国大学入学以考试成绩为凭。

8. admission of sth 承认，如：
His admission of guilt surprised everyone. 他供认犯罪使大家感到意外。

The writing of the letter is an admission of guilt. 写此信的本身就是一种认罪。

9. advance in 改进,进步，如：
An advance in genetic engineering. 遗传工程学方面的进展
10. advantage over 优于……的有利条件，如：
Now we have won an advantage over the enemy. 我们现在经赢得了对敌人的优势。

11. affection for/towards 爱,喜欢，如：
Year by year their affection for each other grew stronger. 他们相爱逐年加深.
He felt great affection for his sister. 他很疼他的妹妹.
12. answer to ……的答案，如：
The answer to his problem was staring him in the face. 他那个问题的答案是明摆著的。

Do you know the answer to this question? 你知道这道题的答案吗？
13. anxiety for sth 渴望，如：
His anxiety for knowledge is to be praised. 他对知识的渴应该受到称赞。

14. apology to sb for sth 道歉，如：
He made an apology to me for hurting my feelings. 他因伤害了我的感情而向我道歉。

At last we convicted him of his errors and made him offer an apology to her.
我们终于使他认识到自己的过失而且还让他身她道了歉。

15. appeal to sb for sth 恳求,呼吁，如：
The company is prepared to trade off its up-market image against a stronger appeal to teenage buyers. 该公司拟改变只售高档商品的形像, 以吸引青少年顾客.
His lawyer decided to take an appeal to a higher court. 他的律师决定向高一级法院上诉。

16. appeal for 呼吁如：
He appealed for his parents' forgiveness.他恳求他的双亲宽恕他。

17. appetite for 对……的欲望，如：
Reading travel brochures whets one's appetite for a holiday. 看了旅游手册就巴不得去度假. Why don't you go for a walk? It'll give you an appetite for your lunch.
你怎麽不出去散散步? 散散步午饭时就有食欲了.
18. application of 把……应用于…… 如：
application of microwave energy 微波能应用
application of computers in chemistry 计算机在化学中的应用
19. approach to 类似,办法,通道，如：
Her approach to the job lacks purpose. 她干这项工作缺乏毅力.
She is extremely professional in her approach to her job. 她对工作极为精通.
20. argument against 赞成/反对……的理由，如：
There are strong arguments against these measures. 有一些有力的论据反对这些措施。

21. arrangement for 对……的安排，如：
We hatched all the arrangement for the dance. 我们为舞会做了一些安排。

We are busy in making arrangement for Christmas. 我们正忙着做圣诞节的准备
22. attack on 对……的进攻,评击,如：
Ann then sailed in with a furious attack on the chairman. 安随後严词抨击董事长。

She made a vehement attack on the government's policies. 她强烈谴责政府的政策。

23. attempt at 尝试,企图,如：
A halfhearted attempt at writing a novel. 并不热心的试图写一部小说。

24. attention to 对……的注意，如：
A teacher can't give individual attention to each pupil if his class is large.
如果班上的人数多，老师就不能给予个别辅导了。

I hope you will pay attention to this problem. 希望你对此给予关注。

25. attraction for 对……的吸引力，如：
Do you feel any attraction for this book? 你感觉这书有什麽吸引力吗？
The television has little attraction for me. 电视对我没有什么吸引力.
26. balance between ……之间的平衡，如：
This teacher tries to strike a balance between work and play.
老师试图使学生们的学业和娱乐两全其美。

Get the balance between two political forces involve a lot of art.
达到两种政治力量之间的平衡需要运用很多计谋。

27. barrier to ……的障碍，如：
Intolerance is a barrier to understanding. 没有包容心是互相理解的最大障碍。

28. belief in 对……的信仰,相信如：
Belief in a hereafter. 相信死后灵魂的生活Belief in a personal God. 信仰人神
29. candidate for 候选人,人选，如：
He was nominated as a candidate for office. 他被提名为这个职位的候选人。

30. check on 检查,阻止，如：
Let me check on your order. 我查一查你们点的菜。

Don't forget to check on your work. 别忘记检查一下你们的工作。

31. claim for sth 要求支付…的费用，如：
Claim for delayed delivery 延误交货索赔
Claim for inferior quality 由于质量低劣而索赔
32. collision with sb/sth 碰撞,冲突，如：
His car had a collision with a truck. 他的车子兴货车相撞。

Their minivan was in collision with an Army lorry. 他们的小货车兴军用卡车相撞。

33. comment on /about 对……的评论，如：
What's your comment on our operas?你对京剧的评价怎样？
Many customers have high comment on it. 许多顾客对此商品的评价很高。

34. connection between; 关系,连接，如：
The connection between the two events is remote. 这两件事之间没有什麽联系。

35. complaint of /about 报怨,控告，如：
I have a complaint of the chest. 我胸部不适。

Accept complaint about damage 接受货损抱怨
36. compromise between/on 折中,妥协，如：
Progress has been made towards a political compromise between the two nations.
两国之间的政治和解已经取得进展。

The final proposals were a rather unsuccessful compromise between the need for profitability and the demands of local conservationists.
最终的方案是受益者和地区自然资源保护者之间颇为勉强的相互妥协.
37. concentration on sth 专心,集中精力，如：
Too much concentration on one aspect of a problem is dangerous.
过度专注于问题的一面是危险的。

38. concentration of sth 集中,聚集，如：
Having a high concentration of acid. 酸性的含高浓度酸的
Concentration of emotional energy on an object or idea.
聚精会神精神集中于某物或某种想法上
They strongly recommended concentration of offer. 他们极力建议集中报盘。

39. concern about/for/over 担心，如：
There was also concern about the adaptation of laws exercise.
人们也非常关心关於法律适应化的工作。

40.confidence in 对……的信任,相信，如：
I have complete confidence in them. 我对他们完全有信心。

He inspired confidence in us. 他使我们获得了信心。

41. consent to sth 同意，如：
Her parents refused their consent to the marriage. 她的父母不答应这门婚事.
His consent to your proposal speaks volumes for his good will.
他赞成你的提议充分证明他的友善。

42. contact with sb/sth 接触,联系，如：
No, I have no contact with her. 没有。

我和她没有一点儿联系。

Always maintain eye contact with the interviewer. 和雇主要一直保持目光接触。

43. contest for sth 争夺,竞争，如：
A contest for the top job in the union 为争取协会的最高职位而进行的角逐
He came second in the contest for deputy leader. 在角逐副领导人时，他居第二位。

44. contradiction between 矛盾,不一致，如：
There seems to be a contradiction between her word and action. 她的言行似乎不一致。

Deng: There is no fundamental contradiction between socialism and a market economy. 邓：社会主义和市场经济之间不存在根本矛盾。

45. contribution to 贡献,捐献,促成，如：
Einstein make a great contribution to science. 爱因斯坦对科学做出了伟大的贡献。

She makes a big contribution to modern sculpture. 她对现代雕塑有很大贡献。

46. conversation with sb 对话，如：
Did you have a conversation with him? 你和他谈过话了吗？
I struck up a conversation with this old woman in the shop.
我在商店里与这位老妇人攀谈起来。

47. danger to sb/sth 危险，如：
Smoking is a danger to health. 吸烟对健康有害。

He is a danger to society. 他对社会是个威胁。

48. credit for sth 荣誉,赞扬，如：
He got all the credit for the discovery. 这一发现全都归功於他了。

49. damage to sth 损坏，如：
bird and mammal damage to forest 森林鸟兽害
50.contrast to/with sth 对比,对照，如：
In contrast with their system, ours seems very old-fashioned.
我们的制度与他们的相比, 显得过於守旧了.
51. decision on/against 做/不做……的决定，如：
A decision on this matter is pending. 此事即将作出决定.
The committee reversed its decision on import quota. 委员会取消了对进口货物的配额的决定。

52. decrease in sth ……的减少，如：
A decrease in signal power as measured between two points.
信号能量在两点间测量出来的减小量。

There has been a steady decrease in population in this city. 这个城市的人口在持续下降。

53. defense against 防御,保卫，如：
Trees are a defense against the wind. 树是一种防风物。

The country put up a strong defense against the enemy 's invasion
为了抵制敌人的侵略,这个国家布置了坚固的防御工事
54. delegate to 参加……的代表，如：
He was elected as a delegate to the annual conference. 他被选为年会代表
55. demand for 对……的需求，如：
Demand for hospital services remained high. 居民对医院服务的需求仍然殷切。

A fall in demand for oil tankers has put/placed thousands of jobs in the shipbuilding industry in jeopardy. 油轮需求量下降使造船业成千上万的工作职位受到威胁.
56. departure from 离开，如：
He ordered curry as a departure from his usual bland diet.
他没有点通常吃的淡而无味的食品，而要了咖哩食品
The new system is a departure from our usual methods. 这套新办法不同于我们惯用的方法。

57. desire for sth 渴望，如：
It is obvious that they have no desire for peace. 很显然，他们没有和平的愿望。

They had little desire for wealth/to get rich. 他们对财富[致富]无大欲望.
58. differences between不同,差异，如：
Differences between employers and workers go deep. 雇主和工人间的分歧很大。

The differences between the pictures are very slight. 这两幅画差别很小.
59. dispute about 争论,辩论，如：
It is ridiculous to dispute about such a thing. 为这样的事情而争论简直荒谬可笑。

There will be a dispute about the rightful succession to her estate.
对于她产业的合法继承权将有一场争论。

60. distinction between 区别，如：
He drew a quite artificial distinction between men and women readers.
他把男读者和女读者硬是人为地区分开来.
We should make a distinction between right and wrong. 我们应该分清是非。

61. doubt about 怀疑，如：
There's some doubt about his suitability for the job. 他是否适合该工作有些疑问.
He told me the whole story in spades and there's no doubt about it.
他明确地把整个经过都对我讲了，一点不含糊。

62. effect on 对……的作用，如：
Salt has a preservative effect on food. 盐对食物有防腐作用.
His passionate speech had an effect on our emotions. 他的热情的演讲打动了我们的感情。

63. fancy for sth 喜爱，如：
She's get a fancy for Italian wine. 她爱喝意大利葡萄酒。

I have a fancy for that color. 我喜欢那种颜色。

64. emphasis on 对……的强调,注重，如：
Some schools put/lay/place great emphasis on language study. 有些学校极注重语言学习.
The teacher laid emphasis on the precision of the translation from the outset.
老师从一开始就强调翻译准确性。

65. encounter with 遭遇,遇到，如：
His encounter with the guard dog had completely unnerved him. 他遇上了警卫犬, 把他吓坏了. One rainy night the policeman had a chance encounter with a gang of smugglers.
在一个雨夜，那个警察正巧碰上了一伙走私犯。

66. enthusiasm about/for 热情，如：
Drum up enthusiasm for the work 鼓动人们对这项工作的劲头
I cannot work up much enthusiasm for that journey. 这次旅行我真提不起劲来。

67. entrance to ……的入口,入场，如：
I'll meet you at the entrance to the theatre. 我在剧院门口和你见面.
They were refused entrance to the club. 他们被拒於俱乐部门外.
68. envy of sb 嫉妒，如：
He couldn't conceal his envy of me/envy at my success.
他遮掩不住对我的忌妒[对我的成就的忌妒].
The boy's new toy was the envy of his friends. 这男孩的新玩具使他的朋友们很羡慕。

69. exceptio n to ……的例外，如：
There is always an exception to any rule. 任何规律总有例外。

70. exposure to sth 暴露，如：
Exposure to public attention. 公诸于众；
71. faith in 对……的信任,信仰，如：
I have implicit faith in your abilities. 我完全相信你的能力.
I've got a lot of faith in the team; I'm sure they won't fail us.
我对这个队很有信心，我相信他们不会使我们失望的。

72.glance at 扫视，如：
He cast a furtive glance at her. 他偷偷瞥了她一眼.
He stole a glance at the pretty girl across the table.
他偷偷地看了一眼桌子对面那个漂亮的女孩。

73. gratitude to sb 感激，如：
Please convey my gratitude to her. 请向她转达我的谢意。

She showed her gratitude to her friends. 她对她的朋友们表示感谢。

74. guess at sth 猜测，如：
He made a conservative guess at the population of London.
他对伦敦的人口作了一项保守的估计。

Have a guess at the answer. 猜一下答案。

75. hatred for/of 仇恨，如：
All this filled him with hatred for the exploiting classes.
所有这些都使他充满了对剥削阶级的仇恨。

He had bitter hatred for the wicked old society. 他痛恨那万恶的旧社会。

76. hazard to 危险，如：
A place filled with mud or quicksand that is a hazard to cattle.
沼穴充满泥浆或流沙的地方，可对牛群构成威胁
Wet roads are a hazard to drivers. 道路湿滑会对司机构成危险.
77. hunger for 渴望，如：
The student has a hunger for learning. 这个学生有强烈的求知欲。

His hunger for knowledge drove him to the library. 他对求知的强烈渴望驱使他上图书馆。

78. impact on/ upon 对……的撞击,巨大影响，如：
Her speech made a tremendous impact on everyone. 她的演说对大家震动很大.
The book has a great impact on readers. 这本书对读者产生了巨大影响。

79. improvement on/in 对……的改进,提高，如：
If words were invented to conceal thinking, newspaper should be a great improvement on a bad invention.
假使语言是为了隐藏思想而被发明的，那么报纸就是对这不良发明的一大改进。

This essay represents a considerable improvement on your recent work.
这篇论文说明你最近的工作取得了相当大的改进。

80. increase in sth 增加,增长，如：
We get an automatic increase in pay every year. 我们的薪金每年会自动增长。

The increase in taxes means that we'll be 30 a month worse off.
加税後我们每月收入就要少了30英镑.
81. independence from 独立,自主，如：
India gained independence from Britain in 1947. 一九四七年印度脱离英国独立。

This money gives me independence from my family. 这笔钱使我能离家自立了。

82. influence on 对……的影响，如：
Smoking has a great influence on our health. 抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。

This had a strong influence on his music. 这对他的音乐创作有很大影响。

83. inquiry about 对……的查询，如：
We make inquiry about the goods. 我们对此商品，已提出询盘。

We are glad to note the inquiry about our service items in your letter dated June 8, 1992.
我们高兴地注意到贵公司1992年6月8日信中询及我方提供的服务项目。

84. inquiry into 对……的调查，如：
They held an official inquiry into this event. 他们正式调查了这个事件。

Counselors began an inquiry into industrial needs. 顾问们开始调查工业方面的需要。

85. interaction with sth 相互作用，如：
Having no significant effect on or interaction with living organisms.
在生物器官上没有显著作用或反应的
It is used to indicate that the interaction with the service is via XML.
它用于表示与web服务之间的交互是通过xml的。

86. interference in/with 干涉,阻碍
87. introduction to 引言,介绍,入门，如：
This course is designed as an introduction to the subject.
这门课程是作为该科目的入门课而开设的。

Brief introduction to the speaker: 演讲者简介:
88. introduced to sth 引进(物)，如：
The owls are not native. They were introduced to this place fifty years ago.
89.invitation to 邀请，如：
We have a standing invitation to visit them when we're in the area.
他们邀请我们将来到那里时去他们家做客.
I feel greatly flattered by your invitation to address the meeting.
蒙您邀请在此会上演说，我深感荣幸。

90. investment in sth 投资，如：
It fails to stimulate a surge of investment in industry. 这没有能刺激工业投资的激增。

The firm has made a huge investment in new plant. 该公司投入巨资购置新设备.
91. loyalty to sb/sth 忠诚，如：
Loyalty to the former king still persists in parts of the country.
该国一些地方仍有人忠於前国王.
Don't allow personal loyalty to color your judgment.
不要因讲义气而影响了你的判断。

92. memorial to sb/sth 纪念碑，如：
Raise a memorial to those killed in war 立碑纪念战争中的死难者
The church service is a memorial to the disaster victim.
该礼拜仪式是悼念这场灾难中的受害者。

93. obstacle to sth 障碍，如：
Not be able to pass his mathematics exam proved an obstacle to his career.
他数学考试不及格是他前途上的一大障碍。

An obstacle to or a censoring of free speech.
言论限制对言论自由的审查或言论自由的障碍
94. objection to sth 反对，如：
I have no objection to your proposal. 我对你的提议没有异议.
His only objection to the plan is that it costs too much. 他反对该计划的唯一理由是费用太高。

95. opponent of sth ……反对者，如：
My friend, Crawley, has always been a fanatical opponent of Mr Lane's Radical Progressive Party.
我的朋友Crawley一直是Lane先生激进党的一名狂热反对者。

She is one of the strongest opponents of tax reform.
她是税收改革最强烈的反对者之一。

96. preference for sth 偏爱，喜欢，如：
A preference for using one hand as opposed to the other.
用一只手而不用另一只手的习惯。

She has a preference for blue. 她特别喜欢蓝色.
97. patience with 对…有耐心，如：
Heaven grant us patience with a man in love!
天啊！请赐予我们以容忍恋爱中的男人的耐心吧。

She has no patience with people who are always grumbling.
她腻烦那些总发牢骚的人.
98. passion for 对……的强烈爱好,热爱，如：
I have a passion for archaeology. 我对考古学有热情。

Mayer's passion for songwriting is immediately evident. 迈耶对歌曲创作的热情非常明显。

99. precaution against 预防，防范，如：
measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc..
用来防范偷窃或间谍等活动的措施。

100. pity for sb/sth 可怜,怜悯，如：
He felt pity for a man suffering so much. 他对那个受过那么多痛苦的人感到同情。

101. preface to ……的前言，如：
An essay written as a preface to a more detailed work.
序言作为更为详细的作品的序言而写的文章
102. preparation for 准备，如：
They have made good preparation for the upcoming elections.
他们对即将到来的选举作了充分的准备。

103. preference to sth 优先，如：
In considering people for jobs, we give preference to those with some experience.
对于求职者，我们优先考虑有一定经验的人。

104. proposal for sth 建议，如：
I reflected on this proposal for some time. 这项建议我仔细想了一些时候。

105. prejudice against对……的偏见,偏重，如：
He has a prejudice against all foreigners. 他对所有的外国人都有偏见。

106. protection for sb 保护，如：
environmental protection for exploration engineering 探矿工程环境保护
107. protest against sth 抗议，如：
The Russian team entered a protest against the tactics of American side.
俄罗斯队提出正式抗议，反对美国队的战术。

108. ratio of sth to sth 比率，如：
The ratios of 1 to 5 and 20 to 100 are the same. 1与5之比和20与100之比相同.
109. reaction to 对……的反应，如：
A negative reaction to the new advertising campaign. 对新广告的宣传手法持反对立场110. reason for 原因,理由，如：
Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.
他们为什麽要做此事我仍莫名其妙.
111. reference to 提及,参考，如：
We would like to send you a sample with reference to the last shipment.
我们寄去有关上次交货的样品。

112. regard for 对……的注意,尊重，如：
She has no regard for my feelings. 她不顾到我的感情。

113. remedy for 补救,解决，如：
A favorite but untested remedy for problems or evils.
受到大家喜爱但没经过测试解决问题或罪恶的方法
114. reply to sb/sth 对……的回答，如：
Thank you for your prompt reply to our telegram. 多谢您对我电报的迅速答复。

115. reputation for 名声,名气，如：
This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing. 这家商店因公平交易而获好名声.
116. request for sth 要求，如：
a request for information 要求提供情况
117. research on/into 对……的研究,调查，如：
The archaeologist researched into the tombs of many ancient kings.
这位考古学家对许多古老的国王的坟墓进行了研究。

118. resistance to 对……的抵抗,阻力，如：
The firm has to overcome its resistance to new technology.
这家公司必须克服采用新技术的阻力.
119. response to 对……的回答,反应，如：
She made no response to my letter.
她没有回我的信。

120. responsibility for 责任,负责，如：
They accepted responsibility for the accident. 他们承认了对这次事故所负的责任。

121. restraint on sb/sth 限制,约束，如：
Tighten the restraint on and supervision over the use of power.
加强对权力的制约和监督。

122. search for 对……的搜寻，如：
The company is casting its net wide in its search for a new sales director.
公司撒开大网到处物色新的销售主任.
123. service to 服务,贡献，如：
We offer a personal service to our customers. 我们为顾客提供个人服务.
124. similarity between ……的相似之处，如：
A similarity can be observed between them. 它们之间可以看到相似之处。

125. skill at 技巧,熟练，如：
Jane Austen's skill at characterization 简·奥斯汀刻画人物的技巧
126. solution to ……的解决办法，如：
We begin to see the glimmerings of a solution to the problem.
我们开始看到问题可望解决的迹象.
127. sorrow at/for/over 悲哀,悲痛，如：
He evinced great sorrow for what he had done. 他对自己的所作所为深表歉疚。

128. stress on 对……的强调，如：
Lay stress on clarity of expression. 强调清晰表达的重要性
129. supplement to sth 补充,增刊，如：
The money I got was a useful supplement to my ordinary income. 我得到的那笔钱是很管用的外快。

130. sympathy for 对……的同情，如：
He has sympathy for those homeless wretches. 他同情那些无家可归的可怜人。

131. sympathy with 对……的赞同，如：
We are all in sympathy with your proposals. 我们都赞同你的提议。

We are out of sympathy with his opinion. 我们不赞同他的观点。

132. taste for 对……的爱好,喜爱，如：
I have no taste for fame. 我不喜欢成名。

He has a taste for foreign languages. 他喜欢外国语。

133. taste in 对……的审美能力，如：
Lacking taste or interest in art. 不懂艺术欣赏的缺乏艺术品位或审美情趣的
134. tendency to sth 趋向,趋势，如：
The former gives rise to the tendency to compromise and the latter to the tendency to underestimate the enemy. 前者产生妥协倾向，后者产生轻敌倾向。

135. trust in 对……的信赖,信任，如：
Believe a woman or an epitaph, or any other thing that's false, before you trust in critics.
与其相信批评家，不如相信女人、墓志铭、甚至任何一种骗人的东西好了。

136. wish for 欲望,愿望，如：
Warm wish for happy holiday season 衷心祝愿节日幸福愉快。