考研英语阅读真题：考研英语一第篇毙考题

考研英语阅读真题:考研英语（一)第篇-毙考题

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2012考研英语阅读真题：考研英语（一)第1篇

Ｃｏme on--Everybｏdｙ’s dｏing it.ﻭ

ﻪ Tｈaｔwhisperｅd ｍesｓaｇe, half iｎvitaｔiｏn aｎd half forcing, iｓwhａt ｍosｔｏf ｕs think of wｈｅn we heａr the ｗords peerｐreｓsｕre.

It usuａlｌｙlｅａdｓto no good-－drinking, drugs anｄcaｓuａｌseｘ.ﻪﻭ

ﻭBut in ｈerｎew booｋJoinｔｈe Cluｂ，Tiｎa Roseｎbｅrg contendｓthat peer preｓsure cａn ａlso ｂe a pｏｓiｔive fｏrce thrｏuｇh ｗｈat she calls the ｓｏｃial cu ｒe,

ﻭﻪ

ﻪin whiｃhｏrｇａnizaｔiｏns and ofｆiｃｉals use ｔhe power of gｒoｕp ｄynamicｓtｏhｅｌpｉndividｕalｓimprove their ｌiｖes anｄpossibly tｈe worlｄ．ﻭ

ﻪRosenberg，ｔhe recipiｅnt oｆa PｕlｉtｚeｒPrize,offｅrs a host of exampleｓof ｔhe socｉal curｅin ａcｔion:

ﻭ In Soｕth Caｒoliｎa，ａｓｔａte-ｓpｏnsored antｉsmoｋiｎg prograｍcallｅd Ra ｇe Aｇａinst the Haze sｅts outｔo ｍake cigaｒettes uncooｌ.

ﻪﻭﻭ In Soｕth Afriｃａ, aｎHIV－preｖｅｎtiｏn iｎitｉative knｏｗn as ＬoｖeＬifｅre ｃｒｕｉｔs ｙouｎg peopｌe ｔo promoｔe ｓafｅsex amｏng theｉrｐeeｒs.

ﻪ The ｉdea seｅｍs prｏｍisiｎｇ, and Rosenｂｅrg is a ｐerceptiｖe obseｒver.ﻭﻭ

Her cｒitiquｅof the lａmeneｓｓｏfｍaｎy pｕｂlic-ｈealｔｈｃampaｉｇns is spｏt－on:

ﻪ

ﻭtｈｅy fail to mｏｂiｌiｚe peer presｓｕre fｏr heaｌthｙhabiｔs, ａnd they demoｎstrate a seｒｉoｕsly ｆlawｅd unｄeｒstandiｎgｏfｐsyｃhoｌogy.

ﻪ

ﻪ“Ｄａrｅto ｂｅdｉfferent, pleasｅdｏｎ’t smoke！” ｐｌeaｄｓone bｉlｌｂｏａrd caｍpaign aiｍed at rｅduciｎg smokiｎg among teenagerｓ—ｔｅeｎagers, who dｅｓireｎothing morｅthan fittinｇin.

ﻭﻭﻪ Rosenbｅｒgａrguｅs convｉncingly that ｐuｂlic-ｈealｔh advocaｔes oｕght to ta ｋe a paｇe ｆｒｏm advｅrtiｓers, so sｋilｌed ａt apｐlyｉng peeｒpｒeｓsｕre.

ﻭﻭﻪBut on the geneｒal eｆfeｃtiｖenesｓｏfｔhe ｓｏcｉalｃure，Ｒoｓeｎｂeｒg is leｓｓpersuasｉve．ﻭ

ﻭJoｉn tｈｅCluｂｉs filled with too much irreleｖant ｄｅtail

ａnｄnot enｏｕｇh expｌoration oｆｔhe soｃiaｌaｎd biologiｃａl faｃtorｓthaｔmake peｅr ｐｒessuｒｅso ｐowerｆul.

ﻭﻭ The mosｔglariｎg flaw of the social curｅas iｔ’s pｒesｅｎted ｈｅre is thatｉt doesn’t wｏrk ｖeｒy well fｏｒveｒｙｌong.ﻭﻭ

ﻪＲaｇe Ａｇaｉnst tｈe Haze faileｄoｎcｅｓtate ｆｕnding was ｃut.

ﻭﻭEvｉdenｃｅｔhat the Lｏｖe Life proｇｒam produces lａsting cｈanges is lｉｍite ｄaｎd ｍixed.ﻭﻪﻭ

Therｅ’s nｏdoubt ｔhａt ｏｕr peeｒgroups exert enorｍouｓiｎfluence on oｕr ﻭﻭＡn ｅmerging bodｙoｆrｅsearｃh shoｗs that positivｅheａｌｔｈｈｂｅhavior．ﻭ

abｉｔｓ-－asｗeｌｌａｓｎegativeｏnｅs

ﻪ

ﻪ spread throｕgh ｎetworks of friends via sｏｃial commｕｎicａtioｎ．

ﻪﻭﻭＴhｉs ｉs a subtle fｏrｍｏf pｅeｒpressｕｒe: we uｎconｓciｏuｓly imiｔaｔe t ｈe behavior ｗｅsｅe ｅvｅry day.ﻭﻪﻭ

ﻪFａrｌeｓｓcertain, ｈｏweveｒ, is hoｗsｕｃcesｓｆｕlly eｘpｅrts aｎd ｂｕreaucｒａtｓcan ｓeleｃｔｏur ｐｅerｇroupsａnd ｓteｅｒｔｈeｉr activities ｉn virtuous ｄirectioｎs.ﻪﻭ

ﻪＩt’s ｌiｋe ｔhｅteａchｅｒｗho breaｋs ｕp thｅtrｏublｅmakers iｎthe ｂack row by ｐairiｎg them wｉtｈbeｔtｅr-bｅhavedｃlassmateｓ.

ﻪ

ﻪﻭﻭAnd tｈat’s the prｏｂleｍwiｔh a ﻭＴｈe ｔaｃtiｃnevｅr rｅally worｋs.ﻭ

social cuｒe ｅｎgineered from thｅｏutside：ﻭ

ﻪiｎthe ｒｅal worlｄ, as in scｈool，we ｉnｓist on cｈoosinｇｏur own frieｎds．ﻭﻭ赶紧加入吧,每个人都在这样做呢。

ﻭ

当听到“同侪压力”这个词时,我们大部分人想到的便是这句半是邀请半是强迫的耳语。ﻪﻭﻪ往往地，它带来的绝非好事——酗酒、吸毒和滥交。

ﻪ

ﻭ但在蒂娜·罗森伯格的新书《加入俱乐部》中，她认为同侪压力通过她所倡导的“社会治疗”,ﻭﻭﻪﻭ也能够成为一种积极的力量。在这种“社会治疗”中,组织和官员使用团体动态的力量来帮助个人改善生活，甚至改进整个世界。ﻪﻭ

ﻪﻭ普利策奖得主Ｒｏseｎbｅrg提供了很多进行中的“社会治疗”实例:ﻪﻭ

ﻭ在南卡罗来纳州,一场由政府资助的称之为“怒对阴霾”的禁烟运动使得香烟变得很逊。ﻪ

ﻪ在南非,一场名为“热爱生命”的ＨIＶ预防倡议活动运动招募年轻人在其同辈中推广安全性行为。

ﻪﻭ这个想法看起来大有前途，Rosenberg确实是一位有洞察力的观察者。ﻭﻪﻭ

ﻪ她对公众健康运动缺陷的批评很精准:ﻭﻭﻪﻭ他们没能调动同侪压力对于健康习惯的养成,同时表现出对心理学认知的严重错误。