常见短暂性动词

常见的短暂性动词

1. buy→have (had为过去分词

,下同)

I bought the book 3 days ago.

I have had the book for 3 days .

2. borrow→keep (kept)

I borrow the book 3 days ago.

I have kept the book for 3 days.

3. put on →wear (worn)

I put on the coat 3 hours ago.

I have worn the coat for 3 hours.

4. get to know→know (known)

I got to know him 3 days ago.

I have known him for 3 days.

5. catch a cold→have a cold (had a cold )

I caught a cold 3 days ago.

I have had a cold for 3 days.

6. start to do sth./begin to do sth. →do sth

I started to learn English 3 years ago.

I have learnt English for 3 years.

7. close→be closed“关着的”（been closed）

The shop closed 3 days ago.

The shop has been closed for 3 days . 8. open→be open“是开着的”(been open)

The shop opened 3 hours ago .

The shop has been open for 3 hours.

9. get to sp./arrive at sp./arrive in sp.

/reach sp./come to sp./go to sp.

→be at sp.(小地点)/be in sp.(大地点)

I got to Shanghai 3 days ago.

I have been in Shanghai for 3 days.

10. begin/start →be on (been on)

The film began 30 minutes ago.

The film has been on for 30 minutes. 11. end/finish →be over (been over)

The film ended 30 minutes ago.

The film has been over for 30 minutes.

12. fall asleep →be asleep (been asleep)

He fell asleep 3 hours ago.

He has been asleep for 3 hours.

13. get up →be up (been up)

I got up 3 hours ago.

I have been up for 3 hours.

14. wake up →be awake (been awake)

I woke up 3 hours ago.

I have been awake for 3 hours.

15. get out/go out →be out (been out)

He got out 3 hours ago.

He has been out for 3 hours.

16. leave sp.(离开某地) →be away from sp.

I left home 3 days ago.

I have been away from home for 3 days.

17. leave for sp.（动身去某地）→be away for sp.

He left for Shanghai 3 days ago .

He has been away for Shanghai for 3 days.

18. lose →be lost/be missing/not see

I lost my pen 3 days ago .

My pen has been lost for 3 days.

19. die →be dead (been dead)

He died 3 days ago .

He has been dead for 3 days .

20. become →be (been)

He became a worker 3 years ago.

He has been a worker for 3 years.

21. join →be a member of/be in/ be with

I joined the army 3 years ago .

I have been a member of the army for 3 years.

22. stop doing sth. →not do sth.

I stopped smoking 3 years ago.

I haven’t smoked for 3 years.