阅读理解专项讲解

阅读理解专项讲解

第一讲事实细节类

文章是通过事实细节来说明其主题的。细节理解题就是为了考察同学们速读全文，了解大意，掌握文章基本事实的能力和速度。

获取“事实细节”的技巧：

先读题目，再带着问题看文章

紧扣文章，不能脱离原文根据常识想当然的答题。

注意文章与选项中使用不同的词句，表示相同的意思。如：

The old woman shared the news with her husband(原文)

=The old woman told her husband the news(选项)

注意：文章的段落结构不同，获取“事实细节”的技巧方法也相应不同。大致可分：

1.寻找具体事实

2.归纳事实

3.综合分析事实

例题

1. At the same time after the age of ten, often at eleven or twelve, boys’and girls’bodies start changing. This time of change is called puberty…

According to the text the changes in puberty start at the age of _________

A. 8 or 9

B. 11 or 12

C. 15 or 16

D. 17 or 18

2. Students sit in the classroom listening to the teacher. This is a way of learning. Is this the only way for students to learn something? Of course not.

Listening to the teacher is ________ for students to learn something.

A. not a way

B. the best way

C. the only way

D. not the only way

3. To find the right career, Millan encourages kids to do what they enjoy. “A lot of people don’t realize I’ve been working with dogs for more than 20 years—long before my TV show or book. Success followed me because I was following my dream of being the best dog trainer in the world. What does Millan advise children to do when it comes to choosing a job?

A. Do what interests them.

B. To become a dog trainer.

C. Never give up and they will succeed.

D. Training is very important.

第二讲推理判断类

根据字面意思、事实细节的逻辑关系来推敲作者未明言之意。要求同学们不仅要弄懂文章的意思，更重要的是要知道文章的潜在含义。

用于考查结合所读材料进行推理判断的题干：

1根据已知内容，推出未知内容。

According to the report, we can infer that _________.

The writer of this article is probably a ___________.

This passage might be taken from ___________.

2..推断可能产生的结局

When the writer says “others pick it up”at the end, he means_____.

Which of the following is the most likely reply the doctor gave the woman patient at the end of the story?

3. 推断没有明说出来的意思

The writer says he was glad he did that because _________.

4. 对人物的总体评价

What kind of man would you say the old man was?

From the passage we can learn that ___________

5. 对文章中个别短语，语句含义理解的考查。

“Every coin has two sides”in the last paragraph means_________

Which of the following does not go with the proverb “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”?

6. 根据文章内容，推测作者的态度和意图

What is the writer trying to tell us with this story?

The writer may agree that _________

According to the writer, which of the following is correct?

进行“推理判断”的技巧

▪通读全文，了解文章内容大意，主题思想和段落结构。

▪以文章提供的事实细节和主题思想为依据推断文章的深层含义、作者情感态度和可能会发生的事情等未言明之意。

▪要注意立足于自用已知来推理未知，不能凭空想象，随意猜测，也不能就事论事，以偏概全。

1. …She was the only woman tough enough to make me read Beowulf and think for a few stupid days that I liked it. From 1938 to 1942, she taught me English, history —and a lot more than I realized.

…“you’ll play football because you have guts (勇气). But do you know what really takes guts? Refusing to lower your standards to those of the crowd. It takes guts to say you’ve got to live and be somebody fifty years after all the football games are over.”

. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Carl’s friends came from poor families.

B. Carl hated to read Beowulf in public.

C. Miss Bessie wanted Carl to be a better man.

D. Miss Bessie didn’t’t want Carl to play football.

2. My father realized it was a good day for fishing and invited my sister and me to go with him. I was only 14 and fishing had never been my thing, but I decided to go all the same. I’m so glad I did.

The author says “I’m so glad I did.”Because _____.

A. he knew where he could see whales

B. he liked fishing in the sea very much

C. he experienced how the whales were saved

D. he spent the weekend with his family

3. For many centuries, Latin was the common language between educated people in Europe. But just as the use of Latin slowly disappeared, English may also not remain the world language forever. Many language learners are already expressing an interest in learning Chinese, Spanish and Arabic. (page78, Book6)

English may not always be the world language, because __________.

A. many people speak other languages

B. Latin is going to be the common language again

C. people want to learn other languages