二、肿瘤干细胞及其耐药机制

肿瘤干细胞及其耐药机制

欧扬郭秀丽

(山东大学药学院新药药理研究所,济南250012)

摘要肿瘤干细胞是存在于造血系统肿瘤和一些实体瘤中具有干细胞特性的细胞。肿瘤干细胞假说认为,经药物治疗后肿瘤复发和转移与肿瘤干细胞残存有密切关系。其原因可能是肿瘤干细胞高表达ABC转运蛋白和B c-l2抗凋亡蛋白,同时其本身又具有一些干细胞特性。对肿瘤干细胞耐药机制的研究,将有助于发现新的肿瘤治疗靶点和更好的抗癌策略。

关键词肿瘤干细胞;耐药性;ABC转运蛋白;治疗

中图分类号R730.2

Tum or Ste m C ells and D rug R esistance OU Yang,GUO X i u-L i(D e part m ent of N e wdrug P har m a-cology,School of Phar m aceu tical S ciences,Shandong University,Ji nan250012,China)

Abst ract The tum or ste m ce lls possessing ste m ce lls properties have been descri b ed i n hae m atopo ietic cancer and so m e so lid tu m ors.It is believed the regenera ti o n and displace of cancer after che m otherapy have ti g h ten relati o n w ith the residual tu m or ste m ce lls.The m ain reason is t h at tum or ste m cells over-ex-press ATP-b i n d i n g cassette drug transporters and B c-l2.M oreover,tu m or ste m ce lls have the character o f ste m cells.M ore insight into the m echan is m s o f tum or ste m cells m ight he l p l e ad to ne w therapeutic tar-gets and better anticancer strateg i e s.

K ey w ords tum or ste m cells;drug resistance;ATP-b i n d i n g cassette drug transporters;t h erapy

在肿瘤研究中,干细胞研究帮助人们加深对肿瘤的发生、发展及转移的认识。研究者通过比较干细胞和肿瘤细胞,发现两者有惊人的相似之处,譬如同样具有自我更新和分裂增殖能力;同样有N otch、W nt、Sonic hedgehog(Shh)和Bm-i1等信号通路参与细胞的生长发育;具有迁移或转移能力[1]。这些相似点暗示在肿瘤组织中可能存在一小部分非肿瘤细胞,与其它机体干细胞一样具有自我更新和无限增殖的能力,以及相似的耐药机制。基于这些研究发现,研究者提出肿瘤干细胞(tumo r ste m cells,TSC)学说[1],并在一些肿瘤组织中找到了TSC存在的证据。

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