2020-11-22 构词法公开课

Test4：请指出下列词的意思。
DV Digital Video数码摄像机 SOS 紧急求助信号 Save Our Souls WWW World Wide Web 万维网 WC Water Closet厕所 衣服型号 S M L XL XXLMedium Extra Extra Large IQ Intelligence Quotient 智商 EQ Emotional Quotient 情商 CEO Chie Executive Officer 首席执行官 执行总裁 ATM Automated Teller Machine自动柜员机
friendly lovely lively weekly happily twentieth
Test2：请将以下单词加上词缀组成新词：
work worker
educate education educator
develop development
visit
visitor
satisfy satisfaction, satisfactory
无条件的
没有判断力的
4.His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does
research on animals.
动物学家
5.The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns
about 650 yuan a year.
牧人
Tip: 除了运用构词法，还可以根据同位语、定语从句、 逻辑等推断出生词的意思。
4副词 -ly，-ward(s) 5数词 -teen (十几)，-ty (几十)，-th (构成序数词)。
visitor survivor educator sailor governor operator
mouthful spoonful careful powerful helpful homeless
teach teacher
sail able piano art
sailor ablily unable disable disabled pianist artist
child act brother solute conclude move possible prepare danger healthy polite
GPS Global Positioning System全球（卫星）定位系统
CCC China Compulsory Certification 中国强制认证 AC Air Conditioning 空调 DIY Do It Yourself 自己动手
I.Underline the root of each word.
后缀
1. 名词 -ence，-(e)r/ -or , -ese ，-ess ，-ful ，-ian ，-ist ，-ment， -ness ，-tion等。 2动词 -(e)n ，-fy ，-ize 3形容词 -al， -able ，-(a)n，-en ，-ern ，-ese，-ful，(ic)al，-ish，-ive，-less ，-like，-ly，-ous，-some，-y 等。
2. When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life? （词性转化）：n---vt 想象，描绘
Word-formation 构词法
Learning objectives： 1.掌握主要构词法类型--合成法
Tongue Twisters 1. Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. 2. Can you can a can as a canner can can a can ?
英语构词法中把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变 的方法叫作转化法。 Tip: 注意积累多义词。
7. He crossed his leg and sat down. vt交叉 vt横穿 8.Mark the place with a cross on the map.
9.I was cross with him for being lant.e十. 字架; 十字形或叉形记 a. 生气
9. Her main interests in life are music, tennis and cooking. 10. When you borrow money from the bna.n兴k趣, y,好ou奇n心eed to pay interest. n.利息
构词法与高考
1. 阅读理解中考纲词的派生和合成词不算生词， 不必用汉语注明。因此，熟练掌握考纲词汇和常 见的构词法，阅读这一关就好突破了。
2. 语法填空中必考词类转换，考查不同词性在句 中的用法，主要涉及一下三条：
a.用副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句 b. 形容词做定语、表语或补语 c.名词作主语、及物动词或介词宾语 3.短文改错也必考不同词性在句中的不同用法
children childhood childish actor actress brotherhood solution (solve) conclusion movement possibilty impossible preparation dangerous endanger unhealthy healthily impolite politeness
4. Don’t stand outside in the cold. n. 寒冷
5. He didn’t come to school because he had a bad cold. n.伤风，感冒
6. Don’t cross the road when the traffic light is red.
wall、 a long-distance call ，a life-and-death struggle;a face-to-face talk;a difficult-to-operate machine etc. 3. 无连字符 分开写 driving license
Test1：猜出下列合成词意思
Compounding 、派生法Affixation、转 化法Conversion； 2.学会运用构词法猜测阅读中的生词； 3.根据句义准确使用词汇。
Compounding:把两个或多个单词连在一起合成一个 新词。可以合成名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、 介词。
拼写问题 1. 不分开 无连字符 schoolbag 2. 有连字符 a three-cornered hat、a snow-white
normal abnormal
regular irregular relavant responsible
legal illegal literate logical
polite
impolite patient possible proper practical perfect
2表其他意义
a-,anti-,auto-,co-, en-, inter-, re-, sub-, tele-, semi,over...
18. Don’t make any noise—my mother is a very light sleeper. a.（指睡眠）不沉的，不熟的
四.截短法(缩略法)
五.混合法(混成法)
六.首尾字母缩略法
Testing of English as a Foreign Language→TOEFL托福 Teach English as a Foreign Language→TEFL Teach English as a Second Language→TESL Graduate Record Examination→GRE美国研究生入学考 试
灯塔
1. It’s true that lighthouses were built in out-ofthe-way place. （合成词） 偏僻的，人迹罕至的
3. When he reached the place with his army, he found an impassable river in front of him. 无法通过的 （派生词）：前缀-词根-后缀
淡蓝 baby-sit
看护小孩
pickpocket 扒手 empty-handed 一无所获的
sleep-walk 梦游 driving license 驾照
air conditioner 空调 blood pressure 血压 income tax 收入税 credit card 信用卡
mother-to-be father-in-law passer-by
awake antibodies antiaging
anti-Japanese war
autofocus
enable endanger interact regain renew subtitle
telecommunication telegraph semi-final under-develop overcook overwork
3.With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails,
and unconditional love, dogs can provide the
nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning
reader to gain confidence.
11. He lit the candle. vt点燃 12.Turn on the lights, please. n. 电灯 13. The light is too poor to read by. n.灯光 14. We like to study in a light room. a. 明亮的 15. I prefer light colors. a.浅色的 16. The coat is light and warm. a.轻的 17.I took some light reading for the train journey. a.易懂的
1.Mary, of course，you are overweight. You eat too much junk food. Even worse , you exercise infrequently. 不经常地，不频繁地
2.“Even when a man is said to be a best friend,” Rubin writes, “the two share little about their innermost feelings.” 内心的，最深处的
准妈妈 岳父、家公 路人
Affixation/ Derivation在词根前面加前缀或在 词根后面加后缀，从而构成一个与原单词意义 相近或截然相反的新词的方法叫作派生法。
前缀一般改变词义，不改变词性；
后缀一般改变词性，不改变词义。
前缀
1表否定意义 dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等
pain-killer 止痛药 remote control 遥控器
editor-in-chief 主编 by-product 副产品
she-wolf
母狼 absent-minded 心不在焉的
outbreak
爆发 grey-haired 头发灰白的
daybreak
破晓 overeat
吃多了
light-blue
Test3：Figure the meaning of each underlined word.
1. It’s so cold in 2.I’d like a cold
winter drink.
in
Beijing.
a.寒冷的 a.冷却的
3. The cold look on her face made me Baidu Nhomakorabeaad. a.不友好的